Vanguard is well-known for its low-cost stock-based mutual funds, and its index funds are some of the cheapest of all. Here's a list of Vanguard's current roster of index funds available as "investor shares" and the indexes they track so you can review your options and make the best decisions for your portfolio.

What is an index fund?

An index fund is a mutual fund or ETF that tracks a certain index, either through directly buying the stocks in the index, or through derivative instruments. For example, an S&P 500 index fund would own all 500 stocks in that index, in the same proportions.

The word "Invest" written in gold sitting atop wooden boards.

Image source: Getty Images.

Index funds are also known as passively managed funds because their managers don't actually choose the stocks -- rather, they buy and sell based on the construction of the index. For this reason, index funds tend to have relatively low expense ratios when compared with actively managed funds, since those managers (theoretically) need to be skilled stock-pickers.

Vanguard's large-cap index funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard 500 Index Fund

VFINX

0.16%

1.98%

7.30%

S&P 500

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

VDAIX

0.19%

2.01%

7.55%

NASDAQ U.S. Dividend Achievers Select

Vanguard FTSE Social Index Fund

VFTSX

0.25%

1.76%

6.30%

FTSE4Good U.S. Select Index

Vanguard Growth Index Fund

VIGRX

0.22%

1.26%

8.52%

CRSP U.S. Large Cap Growth Index

Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund

VHDYX

0.16%

3.02%

6.81% (since Nov. 16, 2006)

FTSE High Dividend Yield Index

Vanguard Large-Cap Index Fund

VLACX

0.20%

1.89%

7.40%

CRSP U.S. Large Cap Index

Vanguard Value Index Fund

VIVAX

0.22%

2.50%

6.24%

CRSP U.S. Large Cap Value Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Vanguard's mid-cap index funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Extended Market Index Fund

VEXMX

0.22%

1.25%

7.33%

S&P Completion Index

Vanguard Mid-Cap Growth Index Fund

VMGIX

0.20%

0.65%

7.85%

CRSP U.S. Mid Cap Growth Index

Vanguard Mid-Cap Index Fund

VIMSX

0.20%

1.36%

7.66%

CRSP U.S. Mid Cap Index

Vanguard Mid-Cap Value Index Fund

VMVIX

0.20%

1.96%

7.86%

CRSP U.S. Mid Cap Value Index

Data source: Vanguard (Growth and Value fund returns are from August 2006 inception through 6/30/2016).

Vanguard's small-cap index funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Small-Cap Growth Index Fund

VISGX

0.20%

0.83%

7.87%

CRSP U.S. Small Cap Growth Index

Vanguard Small-Cap Index Fund

NAESX

0.20%

1.41%

7.61%

CRSP U.S. Small Cap Index

Vanguard Small-Cap Value Index Fund

VISVX

0.20%

1.86%

7.07%

CRSP U.S. Small Cap Value Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Vanguard's total stock market funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund

VTSMX

0.16%

1.84%

7.86%

CRSP U.S. Total Market Index

Vanguard Total World Stock Index Fund

VTWSX

0.25%

2.10%

N/A (Inception June 2008)

FTSE Global All Cap Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Vanguard's international stock index funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Distribution Yield (TTM)

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Developed Markets Index Fund

VDVIX

0.20%

2.65%

N/A (inception Dec. 2013)

FTSE Developed All Cap ex U.S. Index

Vanguard Emerging Markets Stock Index Fund

VEIEX

0.33%

2.26%

3.39%

FTSE Emerging Markets All Cap China A Transition Index

Vanguard European Stock Index Fund

VEURX

0.26%

3.21%

1.74%

FTSE Developed Europe All Cap Index

Vanguard FTSE All-World ex-US Index Fund

VFWIX

0.26%

2.66%

N/A (inception March 2007)

FTSE All-World ex-U.S. Index

Vanguard FTSE All-World ex-US Small-Cap Index Fund

VFSVX

0.31%

2.46%

N/A (inception April 2009)

FTSE Global Small-Cap ex-U.S. Index

Vanguard International Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

VIAIX

0.35%

N/A

N/A (inception Feb. 2016)

NASDAQ Intl Dividend Achievers Select Index

Vanguard International High Dividend Yield Index Fund

VIHIX

0.40%

N/A

N/A (inception Feb. 2016)

FTSE All-World ex-U.S. High Dividend Yield Index

Vanguard Pacific Stock Index Fund

VPACX

0.26%

2.22%

1.67%

FTSE Developed Asia Pacific All Cap Index

Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund

VGTSX

0.19%

2.64%

1.90%

FTSE Global All Cap ex-U.S. Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Vanguard's U.S bond index funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Intermediate-Term Bond Index Fund

VBIIX

0.16%

1.86%

6.29%

Barclays U.S. 5-10 Year Government/Credit Float Index

Vanguard Long-Term Bond Index Fund

VBLTX

0.16%

3.14%

8.38%

Barclays U.S. Long Government/Credit Float Adjusted Index

Vanguard Short-Term Bond Index Fund

VBISX

0.16%

0.99%

3.37%

Barclays U.S. 1-5 Year Government/Credit Float Adjusted Index

Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities Index

VTIPX

0.17%

-0.43%

N/A (inception Oct. 2012)

Barclays U.S. 0-5 Year TIPS Index

Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Fund

VBMFX

0.16%

1.79%

5.01%

Barclays U.S. Aggregate Float Adjusted Index

Vanguard Tax-Exempt Bond Index Fund

VTEBX

0.20%

1.27%

N/A (inception Aug. 2015)

S&P National AMT-Free Municipal Bond Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Vanguard's international and global bond index funds

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Emerging Markets Government Bond Index Fund

VGOVX

0.49%

3.93%

N/A (inception May 2013)

Barclays USD EmergMkt GovRIC Cap Index

Vanguard Total International Bond Index Fund

VTIBX

0.17%

0.41%

N/A (inception May 2013)

Barclays Global Aggregate ex-USD Float Adjusted RIC Capped Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Vanguard's balanced index fund (stocks and bonds)

Fund Name

Symbol

Expense Ratio

Yield

10-Year Annualized Total Returns

Underlying Index

Vanguard Balanced Index Fund

VBINX

0.22%

1.76%

6.79%

60% CRSP U.S. Total Market Index, 40% Barclays U.S. Aggregate Float Adjusted Index

Data source: Vanguard.

Choosing the best index funds for you

In a nutshell, the best index funds for you are those that fit into your specific investment objectives. For example, if you have a relatively low risk tolerance, a small-cap growth fund might not be the best choice for you. And, if you have nothing but U.S.-based companies in your current portfolio, an international index fund could help you get some much-needed geographical diversification.

The point is that this list can serve as a good starting point, but you still need to do your homework and make sure the funds you choose can help you meet your goals.