As a dividend investor, it pays to follow how much of a company's money goes toward funding its dividend. A nice yield now won't matter much if the company can't keep making those payments going forward.

Here, we'll highlight a given company and its closest competitors to see just how safe their dividends are, with a little help from three crucial tools:

  • The interest coverage ratio, or earnings before interest and taxes, divided by interest expense. The interest coverage ratio measures a company's ability to pay the interest on its debt. An interest coverage ratio less than 1.5 is questionable; a number less than 1 means that the company is not bringing in enough money to cover its interest expenses.
  • The EPS payout ratio, or dividends per share divided by earnings per share. The EPS payout ratio measures the percentage of earnings that go toward paying the dividend. A ratio greater than 80% is worrisome.
  • The FCF payout ratio, or dividends per share divided by free cash flow per share. Earnings alone don't always paint a complete picture of a business's health. The FCF payout ratio measures the percent of free cash flow devoted toward paying the dividend. Again, a ratio greater than 80% could be a red flag.

Each of these ratios reflect dividends paid in the trailing 12 months, while yields are the expected forward yield. Let's examine Cliffs Natural Resources (NYSE: CLF) and three of its peers.

Company

Yield

Interest Coverage

EPS Payout Ratio

FCF Payout Ratio

Cliffs Natural Resources

2%

12.3

5.1%

6.9%

Peabody Energy (NYSE: BTU)

0.9%

7.5

9.9%

339.3%

CONSOL Energy (NYSE: CNX)

1%

3.0

20.3%

(473.6%)

Arch Coal (NYSE: ACI)

2.7%

2.9

42.9%

94%

Source: S&P Capital IQ.

With an interest coverage of 12.3, Cliffs covers every $1 in interest expenses with $12 in operating earnings. Given its EPS payout ratio and FCF payout ratio are below 10%, you shouldn't have to worry that Cliffs will need to cut its dividend anytime soon.

Another tool for better investing
Most investors don't keep tabs on their companies. That's a mistake. If you take the time to read past the headlines and crack a filing now and then, you're in a much better position to spot potential trouble early. We can help you keep tabs on your companies with My Watchlist, our free, personalized stock-tracking service.