The phrase "investing in the future" is both socially moving and nonsensical (how would I invest in the past?), but its social meaning is very different from its financial meaning. In general society, it means that we're putting money toward making tomorrow better than today, usually by giving kids something. In finance, it usually means that a company isn't making money right now. As investors, we can choose to be excited about the future, or we can see it as a pipe dream.
The futurists
One of the most common refrains from Amazon.com
But the bull case is largely based on Bezos' ability to continue repeating the performances he's had in the past. Other companies, such as Facebook
The older guard
Most retail companies outside the Internet sector make smaller, more paced investments in the future. While these eat into the bottom line, they usually do it in a much lighter way. Jeans retailer Buckle
Buckle still talks about the future, but it talks in much more concrete ways. Whereas Amazon talks about how "Amazonians are leaning into the future, with radical and transformational innovations," Buckle simply wants to "continue doing what [it does] best -- creating the best possible shopping experience for our guests."
In the middle
There is always middle ground. Google
Google has expanded its offerings recently but has maintained its core competency of selling advertising. Amazon continues to reinvent the way it sells its products and services, moving from book seller, to everything seller, to e-books, to cloud computing over its lifetime. Google's biggest push recently has come in the form of its new Nexus 7 tablet, which hasn't drained resources too deeply.
The bottom line
The takeaway from all of this is not that investing in future growth is better or worse than investing in the existing model; it's simply that it's important to know what you're buying. When you invest in Buckle, you're investing in a company that has a clear plan, but that isn't going to suddenly double in value. You don't have to trust that the management team can redefine the brand every three years.
With Amazon, you need to have a lot more faith in the folks at the top of the chain. If you're comfortable trusting them, then it can be a great place to hunt that growth. Facebook is clearly the biggest risk here. Very few people trust Zuckerberg, and the nightmare of an IPO didn't help. The Fool has a new premium report on Facebook, though. It explains where the company's going, what it needs to do to get on track, and what investors should be looking for. We'll have updates throughout the year, but get your copy now to get the early look.