KB Home (KBH) Q4 2017 Earnings Conference Call Transcript

KB Home (KBH -0.84%)
Q4 2017 Earnings Conference Call
Jan. 10, 2018 5:00 p.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good afternoon. My name is Darren, and I will be your conference operator today. I would like to welcome everyone to the KB Home 2017 Fourth -Quarter and Full-Year Earnings Conference Call. At this time all participants are in a listen-only mode.

Following the company's opening remarks, we will open the lines for questions. Today's conference call is being recorded and will be available for replay at the company's website, kbhome.com, through February 10. Now I would like to turn the call over to Jill Peters, senior vice president, investor relations. Jill, you may begin.

Jill Peters -- Senior Vice President, Investor Relations

Thank you, Darren. Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us today to review our fourth-quarter and full-year results. With me are Jeff Mezger, chairman, president, and chief executive officer; Jeff Kaminski, executive vice president and chief financial officer; Bill Hollinger, senior vice president and chief accounting officer; and Thad Johnson, senior vice president and corporate treasurer. Before we begin, let me note that during this call, items will be discussed that are considered forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

These statements are not guarantees of future results, and the company does not undertake any obligation to update them. Due to factors outside of the company's control, including those detailed in today's press release and in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, actual results could be materially different from those stated or implied in the forward-looking statement. In addition, a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures referenced during today's discussion to their most directly comparable GAAP measures can be found in today's press release and/or on the Investor Relations page of our website at kbhome.com. And with that, I will turn the call over to Jeff Mezger.

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Jill. Good afternoon, and happy new year to all of you. We had an excellent finish to 2017, which was the first year of our three-year returns-focused growth plan. We increased our scale, growing revenues 22% to $4.4 billion.

We also significantly improved our profitability, with operating margin expansion of 140 basis points, excluding inventory-related charges, driving substantial growth in earnings and an increase in our stockholders' equity of over $200 million. At the heart of our returns-focused growth plan is the ability to generate substantial levels of cash flow and to redeploy this cash in a balanced way to fuel profitable growth and reduce our debt. In executing our plan, we enhanced our profitability, improved our asset efficiency, and accelerated the utilization of our deferred-tax assets. The cash produced by our operations in 2017 enabled investments of $1.5 billion in land acquisition and development and a reduction in our debt balance of $315 million.

Even with these sizable allocations of capital, we still ended the year with over $700 million in cash, decreased our net debt-to-capital ratio to 45%, and drove our return on equity higher by 370 basis points. Our strategy is producing solid results, and we feel very good about the progress we are making on our goals. Moving on to a review of the fourth quarter. Overall, our results were quite strong across the board, and I will highlight a few specific areas.

We increased total revenues by 18% to $1.4 billion. We are realizing the benefits of consistent multi-year land investments we have made in our West Coast, Southwest, and Central regions, areas that are demonstrating some of the strongest demand for housing nationally. As a result, we saw a broad-based growth in deliveries from these regions as we continue to expand our scale and our current footprint in alignment with our core business strategy. In addition to top-line growth, we also generated significant improvement in profitability.

We expected at the start of this fiscal year to see an acceleration in year-over-year gross margin performance by the fourth quarter. The factors driving this gross margin improvement came together as we expected, in a combination of deliveries from newer, higher-margin communities, favorable regional mix, and fixed cost leverage on a larger revenue base. As a result, we produced a 160 basis point increase in our gross margin to 18.6%, excluding inventory-related charges. Together with a record low fourth-quarter SG&A ratio of 8.7%, we generated total pre-tax income of $137 million.

Our mortgage joint venture, KBHS, was also a key contributor to our results as the joint venture continues to enhance its execution and increase its capture rate. Equally as important as growing its income stream, KBHS is also providing a dependable level of service to our homebuyers and is supporting our divisions in achieving more predictability in deliveries. During the fourth quarter, we continued our community strategy of maintaining our sales pace and taking price where possible to optimize each asset. We again successfully delivered on this objective, with a 9% increase in net order value to $935 million on a 2% increase in net orders.

Our net order comparable improved relative to the last update we provided on our November 7 conference call, at which point, net orders were down 1% for the first nine weeks in the quarter as compared to the prior year. Conditions in the markets we serve remained strong in November, and we outperformed the prior year in the final weeks of the quarter. Orders per community increased slightly in the fourth quarter to 3.4 per month, seasonally a good result, particularly given the disruptions from the hurricanes early in the quarter. We believe our differentiated built-to-order approach is a competitive advantage that drives one of the highest absorption rates in the industry, as homebuyers respond favorably to the personalization, choice, and value we offer.

On a regional basis, our West Coast region produced a 4% increase in net order value on a 9% decline in net orders, against a difficult comparison of over 30% net order growth in the fourth quarter the prior year. While market conditions remained strong, along the coast and the inland areas, the timing of grand openings and closeouts impacted our net order results. Although we had numerous communities close out in California, which limited sales in the fourth quarter, we are projecting a large number of community openings in the West Coast in 2018, beginning in the first quarter. Demand remained strong in California, and we expect to be well-positioned for the spring selling season with these new communities coming online.

The Southwest region produced a 21% increase in net order value on a 16% net order increase. The strength of this region's performance is notable, given its comparison to a 47% increase in net orders in the fourth quarter of 2016. Las Vegas continued to lead the region's results, as it has done throughout the year, with one of the highest net order rates per community companywide. In addition, results in Arizona were also favorable, as our operations continue to grow and contribute more meaningfully to our overall results.

Despite the disruption from Hurricane Harvey, net order value increased 13% in the Central region in the fourth quarter on a 1% increase in net orders. This is meaningful, as the region was up against a 25% increase in net orders in the year-ago quarter. As we shared with you on our last earnings call, we had already seen traffic and net order activity beginning to recover in the hurricane-impacted areas at the outset of the fourth quarter. Improvement was steady as we moved through the quarter to a strong finish.

Elsewhere in the region, our Dallas division is reemerging, with two communities open in the fourth quarter and another two slated for the coming months. Demand is strong in Dallas, and we are enthusiastic about our growth opportunity for this business. Outside of Texas, our Colorado division delivered impressive performance fueled by improvement in both absorption rate as well as community count growth. Wrapping up the regional updates, net order value was up 7% in the Southeast region on a 10% increase in net orders.

While it had a relatively easy comparison from the fourth quarter the prior year, this was the first time in many quarters where the Southeast region produced a positive net order comparison. Our Florida divisions recovered nicely from the impact of Hurricane Irma at the start of the quarter, with solid demand driving increases in absorption rate, particularly in Jacksonville. This past year marked the start of reinvesting more heavily in our Southeast region, and we look forward to continued improvement in the region's results in 2018 and its contribution to our profitable growth. The positive increase in net order value in the fourth quarter contributed to an expansion in our year-end backlog value to $1.7 billion.

In particular, growth in our Southwest and West Coast business, which increased our backlog value by 44% and 15%, respectively, benefited our overall results. Our sizable backlog provides good visibility in the first half of 2018 and supports our ability to achieve our revenue growth projections for this year. We expect housing market conditions to remain solid in 2018. The economy is growing.

The labor market is healthy, and consumer confidence is high. November's existing home sales were the strongest in over a decade, a good sign of consumer demand. On the supply side, resell inventory continues to drift downward, now averaging 3.4 months across the country and much lower than that in many of the markets that we serve. And specific to KB, with over 50% of our deliveries to first-time buyers, the strength in demand from this buyer segment continues to be an opportunity for us.

Collectively, these favorable dynamics are setting up what we believe will be a very good spring selling season. As we have discussed in recent months, we are committed to growing our community count and we continue to expect that it will be higher by the end of 2018. We currently own or control all the lots we need for 2018 and about 80% of the lots we need for 2019. Each of our divisions has a clearly defined market strategy and seasoned land teams on the ground to accomplish their goal.

We are encouraged by the opportunity ahead of us in 2018 and expect it will mark another year of performance gains both operationally and financially, with further progress on our returns-focused growth plan. The year is off to a good start, with net orders in the initial five weeks of the first quarter, up 14% year over year. We typically provide an update on net order activity on our fourth quarter conference call, given that we are well into our first quarter. I will note that the quarter-to-date period represents a seasonally slower part of the quarter.

So while the percentage increase is meaningful, the unit increase of 96 is modest, and we do have some tougher comparisons in the weeks ahead. That being said, demand trends remain solid as we head into the spring selling season. As to the recently enacted federal tax legislation, overall, we believe it will be favorable to both the economy and our company. A majority of individual tax filers are expected to experience lower taxes, thereby increasing their net incomes, which should have a positive impact on the economy and consumer confidence.

For KB Home, a lower tax rate should drive higher earnings, returns, and cash flow over the longer term. Jeff will get into the details in a moment. In closing, we are tracking very well against the returns-focused growth plan that we laid out in October of 2016, with the expectation of further progress to be made this year. We look forward to sharing our results as the year unfolds.

With that, I'll now turn the call over to Jeff for the financial review. Jeff?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Jeff, and good afternoon, everyone. I will now review highlights of our financial operational performance for the 2017 fourth quarter and full year as well as provide outlook for 2018. As Jeff mentioned, we are pleased with the strong finish to our 2017 fiscal year, with improvement in virtually all key financial metrics and considerable top-line growth. In the fourth quarter, our housing revenues grew 17% from a year ago to nearly $1.4 billion, reflecting a 9% increase in homes delivered and an 8% rise in average selling price.

This stellar performance contributed to full-year housing revenues of $4.3 billion, up 21% year over year. Looking to the 2018 first quarter, we expect to generate housing revenues in the range of $840 million to $880 million. For the 2018 full year, we anticipate producing housing revenues in the range of $4.5 billion to $4.9 billion, in line with the guidance we provided during our investor call in November. Having ended our 2017 fiscal year with a backlog value of approximately $1.7 billion, up 9% from a year ago, we believe we are well-positioned to achieve these expectations.

In the fourth quarter, our overall average selling price of homes delivered increased 8% to $416,500. This improvement was mainly driven by the 10% increase in average selling price in our West Coast region. For the 2018 first quarter, we are projecting our overall average selling price to be in the range of $387,000 to $392,000. We believe our average selling price for 2018 will be in the range of $395,000 to $405,000.

Homebuilding operating income for the fourth quarter grew to $131.9 million from $56 million for the year-earlier quarter, including total inventory-related charges of $7.1 million, compared to charges of $36.1 million a year ago. As you will recall, most of the 2016 charges were associated with our decision to monetize certain nonstrategic land parcels through land sales as part of our returns-focused growth plan. Excluding inventory-related charges from both periods, our operating margin increased 220 basis points to 9.9%, driven by significant improvements in both our housing gross profit margin and our selling, general, and administrative expense ratio. For the 2018 first quarter, we anticipate our homebuilding operating income margin, excluding the impact of any inventory-related charges, will be in the range of 4.3% to 4.7%.

For full-year 2018, we expect this metric to be in the range of 7.2% to 7.7%, an increase versus prior guidance. Our 2017 fourth-quarter housing gross profit margin improved 160 basis points on a year-over-year basis to 18.1%, including the $7.1 million charge of, excuse me, of inventory impairment and land option contract abandonment charges. Our gross margin for the quarter was 18.6%, excluding the negative 50 basis point impact from the inventory-related charges. Excluding both the inventory-related charges and the amortization of previously capitalized interest, our adjusted housing gross profit margin was 23.5%, up 180 basis points sequentially from the third quarter and 190 basis points compared to the same period of 2016.

Assuming no inventory-related charges, we are forecasting a housing gross profit margin for the first quarter of 2018 in a range of 16% to 16.5%, reflecting a typical, seasonal first-quarter decrease in operating leverage from lower revenues. Compared to the same period of 2017, this expectation represents an improvement of 90 to 140 basis points. As we begin 2018, we believe improvements in our housing gross profit margin generated from community-specific action plans, as well as higher margins in recently opened communities, will offset expected increases in trade labor, building materials, and land costs. Considering our improved level of visibility since the conference call in early November, and the continued strength of the housing market, we have increased our 2018 full-year gross margin expectations, excluding inventory-related charges, to the range of 17.2% to 17.7%, an improvement of 30 to 80 basis points as compared to 2017.

Our selling, general, and administrative expense ratio of 8.7% for the fourth quarter improved 50 basis points from the year-earlier quarter and represented a record low fourth-quarter level. We are pleased with the considerable improvement we have seen in our SG&A ratio and the record performance we have reported for each quarter of 2017. We expect our first-quarter ratio to be in the range of 11.7% to 12%, reflecting the decrease in operating leverage from lower revenues. We also still anticipate that our full-year 2018 SG&A expense ratio will be in a range of 9.7% to 10%, approximately the same as our 2017 ratio, as our continued cost-containment efforts and leverage from generating higher revenues are partially offset by investments supporting community count growth.

Moving on to taxes. Our income tax expense for the fourth quarter of $53 million, which was predominantly a noncash charge against earnings due to our deferred-tax assets, represented an effective tax rate of approximately 39%. Regarding 2018, while we are still reviewing and accessing the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was enacted in December, we believe it will have a significant positive impact on our future financial results for several reasons. Our current deferred-tax assets are comprised of numerous items, which can be grouped into three general categories: tax credits, net operating loss carry-forwards, and other temporary book-to-tax differences.

The federal tax credits portion of our deferred-tax assets is approximately $210 million. It will now shield with the new lower tax rate approximately $400 million of additional pre-tax earnings from federal corporate income taxes and will not be subject to an adjustment due to the lower rate. The federal net operating loss carry-forward component of our DTA, along with the various other temporary book-to-tax differences, will continue to shield the same amount of pre-tax earnings but will be subject to evaluation adjustment, as I will discuss in more detail in a moment. Finally, future net income, earnings per share, after-tax cash flow, and returns will all be enhanced due to the lower statutory income tax rate.

As a result of the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, we will record a one-time noncash accounting charge to our first quarter tax provision of approximately $115 million for the remeasurement of our deferred-tax assets. At the same time, the federal tax rate reduction will obviously have a favorable impact on our effective tax rate for the remainder of 2018. Excluding the impact of the noncash adjustment, we currently expect our effective tax rate for the full year to be approximately 27%. This estimate reflects a fiscal 2018 blended federal rate of 22.2% plus our estimate of state taxes.

Also, it is worth noting that, based on our understanding of the tax legislation, homebuilders are not subject to the limitation on interest expense deductibility to 30% of EBITDA. In summary, despite the expected one-time noncash adjustment in the first quarter, we believe the impact of the lower tax rate will be accretive to our enterprise value due to the resulting increases in both net income and returns, as well as significantly enhanced future after-tax cash flow.

Turning now to community count. Our fourth-quarter average of 228 was down slightly from 231 in the same quarter of 2016. We ended the year with 224 communities, down 5% from a year ago. Of the 224 communities, 41 communities, or 18%, were previously classified as land held for future development. We expect our first-quarter ending community count to be approximately flat as compared to year-end 2017. On a year-over-year basis, we anticipate our first-quarter average community count will decline by approximately 5%.

For full-year 2018, we continue to expect our average community count to remain relatively flat as compared to 2017. During the fourth quarter, to drive future community openings, we invested $393 million in land, land development, and fees, with $181 million or 46% of the total representing new land acquisition. We ended the year with $721 million of cash and total liquidity of nearly $1.2 billion, including availability under our unsecured revolving credit facility. We generated $513 million of net operating cash flow in 2017, an increase of $324 million as compared to 2016.

During 2017, we invested $1.52 billion in land acquisition and development, compared to $1.36 billion in the prior year. In addition, we retired all $265 million of our 9.1% senior notes and funded a $56 million net reduction of project-related debt, utilizing internally generated cash. Our increased cash flow and delevering activities resulted in an 890-basis-point improvement in our year-end net debt-to-capital ratio to 45.4%. These metrics reflect the achievement of one of the key components of our returns-focused growth plan, using significant cash flow generated from core operations, along with monetizing our deferred-tax assets and inactive inventory to both reduce debt and increase land investment to drive future growth.

As we reflect on 2017, we are pleased with the progress we've made on our returns-focused growth plan objective, the solid financial results we delivered, and the trajectory of our business into 2018. For the full year, we increased our total revenues to $4.4 billion and grew our housing revenues by 21% on an 11% increase in deliveries. Our net orders per community per month of 3.9 were up 8% in 2017, driving a 17% increase to net order value and a 9% increase in the value of our year-end backlog. With strong operational execution and favorable market conditions, we increased net income by 71% year over year to $181 million and improved diluted earnings per share by 65% to $1.85.

In addition, our return on invested capital expanded to -- by 220 basis points to 7.4% and our return on equity improved by 370 basis points to 10%. We expect 2018 to be another solid year on the path toward achieving our original three-year plan, 2019 targets, as we continue executing on our road map for returns-focused growth plan and work to expand our revenues within our served markets, improve operating margin, increase returns, reduce our leverage, and enhance long-term stockholder value. We will now take your questions. Darren, please open the lines.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

At this time we will be conducting a question-and-answer session. If you'd like to ask a question, please press *1 on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press *2 if you would like to remove your question from the queue.

For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the * keys. In the interest of time, we ask that you please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. Our first question comes from Ivy Zelman of Zelman and Associates. Please proceed with your question.

Thomas Maguire -- Zelman and Associates -- Analyst

Hey, guys, it's actually Thomas on for Ivy. How are you? Great quarter. Just good to see the land investment and the community count expected to hold flat. Can you just talk about, a little bit about the allocation of those dollars and the price points you're focusing on there? Clearly, a lot of success in the lower-priced, entry-level communities.

So is the thinking to skew even further into that price point, or is kind of indexing in the various segments where you want it to be, and it's kind of a go-forward run rate from here?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Our strategy, Thomas, really hasn't changed in the last couple of years. We refer to it as bracketing the income. We target products and price points that are attainable by the median income and at submarket, and therefore can tap the biggest demand segments in that submarket. And as a result of that, we've been averaging 50%, 52%, 54% first-time for many years now, and I expect it will continue in that range.

If demand moves more to first-time, you may see our product shift a little bit downward, but today it's working well, and we've been pretty consistent.

Thomas Maguire -- Zelman and Associates -- Analyst

Got it.Thanks. And then just quickly to touch on tax reform. There's a little bit of concern out there around some of the higher state tax, California, and potential for consumers to be negatively impacted, just a really subset of high-income individuals and recognizing that that's not the everyday consumer, in terms of taxes going up. But are you guys seeing any indication of that in some of your communities at all, or around tax reform or any commentary from the field, relative to the consumer, specific in California?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

I haven't seen anything whatsoever, Thomas. A couple of points to ponder, I'll say, on the tax. First off, people are buying homes because of life-changing events. They get married, they have families, they retire, they move down, they graduate from college, they relocate.

Those are the types of things that are driving demand. And I think you'll continue to see that, coupled with a real desire to be a homeowner. But past that, if you look in the state, the interest deduction is now up to $750,000 on a mortgage, our average selling price is $600,000.

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

In the $600s.

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, in the $600s. So the majority of our products are under the $750,000, and you have to get well above $750,000 because of the down payments that our customers are making. You'd have to get well above $750,000 in price to get above that $750,000 hurdle. So we don't think, certainly in our business, it's had an impact at all.

Operator

Our next question comes from Michael Rehaut of JPMorgan. Please proceed with your question.

Neal BasuMullick -- JP Morgan -- Analyst

Hey, afternoon. This is Neal BasuMulick on for Mike. So I guess, starting on gross margins. What do you think were the big drivers of differential versus guidance for the quarter? The remaining costs coming in a little lighter, so if you could give us the puts and takes there.

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Well, we were at the upside or higher portion of the range of guidance on revenues, so that helped us a little bit on fixed-cost leverage, so that certainly was a positive. We did have a slightly different mix as we always do in the quarter of where those deliveries were coming from, so that was a bit of a positive. Saw very nice cost-containment, basically brought our closings in, our deliveries in, at above budget as far as costs go, and revenues, as you know, are pretty well locked for us because a lot of that is delivering out of our backlog on a built-to-order basis. But I think probably the final factor is just any of the spec sales that we did have in the quarter, we always run 70%, 30%, 65%, 35%, sort of in that range.

And some of the spec sales that actually sold and closed in the quarter were at pretty good margins. So overall, we were pleased. As you pointed out, we were a little bit above our guidance. I don't think too far outside of the range, but we just had the number of small, favorable factors that helped us out there.

Neal BasuMullick -- JP Morgan -- Analyst

OK. That's good to hear. And then I guess you had touched on this earlier, but what are the kind of the base assumption, baked into the full-year guidance? Maybe cost, land, labor, and materials --

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Right, yes. Typically, we don't bake in either price increase or cost inflation in. We've been seeing cost run about 5% for the past couple of years. As we look forward into 2018, that's -- we can usually recover what I'd say, 3% or so price increase, kind of keeps it flat, even at a 5% cost increase.

So we're pretty comfortable from that point of view. We'll see how the spring selling season goes and then update everyone again. We did lift our full-year margin guidance a little bit on this call, just based on what we saw for the sales in the back half of the fourth quarter and the first few weeks of the first quarter coming through. And typically, those sales we deliver out in our second half of the fiscal year.

So we're seeing a little offside right now, and depending on how spring goes, we'll bubble back up and give you guys an update at the end of the first quarter.

Operator

Our next question comes from Nishu Sood of Deutsche Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Tim Daley -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Hey, this is actually Tim on for Nishu. So I guess my first question, it's for Jeff M. You mentioned that the Southeast expects to see some improvement in '18 as you burn off some of that reactivated community mix. So just curious as to what was the differential between the Southeast gross margins compared to the overall mix? And what do you expect that to get to by the end of '18? Is there any recoupling expected, or you think they'll still lag for a bit?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Well, Tim, we really don't get into regional gross margins on the call. And the region is no different than our other regions, in that we have communities performing very well, and then we have things like deactivation. You touched on where the margins are below average, but still profitable and generating cash. So on a blended basis, what we like about the region is, we have spent years reactivating, repositioning, working on our execution.

The execution has been improving, and we started opening up the spigot on more investment as the year played out last year, and you'll see the Southeast be more of a contributor, both to top line and profits going forward.

Tim Daly -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Got it. No, that's helpful. So -- and then, from a, the prior question, it seems, I guess from a -- the answer to the prior question seemed that it wasn't really the mix, rather I guess, the price appreciation and the cost containment that helps you get to the higher end of that gross margin range. So just curious to, I guess the incremental increase in the guidance for the full year, is that due to West Coast performance getting in a bit better than expected in the first couple of weeks of the year?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

No, not just West Coast. I mean, it was really what we're seeing coming through in sales and what we're seeing happening with our backlog, variable contribution margin, and we have to do a fair amount of work to convert from the variable contribution margin that we track internally to the gross margin GAAP number that we had externally. But basically, we're seeing that shore up and seeing, just some nice trends throughout the business. Some of the new communities that we've opened recently, performing pretty well in accordance with our expectations, and we just gained a little bit more confidence on the back half of the year.

Operator

Our next question comes from Stephen Kim of Evercore ISI. Please go ahead with your question.

Chris Shook -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst

Hi, this is actually Chris Shook on for Steve. So we were just driving around in Florida, ahead of the builder show, and some low, some entry-level communities were basically saying that, sort of, rates are becoming much more of a conversation among potential buyers. And I was just wondering if that's anything you've seen in your communities and also how you'd investigate any rise in rates in the near future.

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Chris, we really aren't hearing much. And rates are still very compelling. They're just under 4%, at 4%.

So rates are attractive. And if you visit any of our communities, you'd see that we're heavily tilted to built-to-order and people want homes. So if rates were to tick up a little, and they can't afford the larger plan, they just rotate to a different plan and still become a homebuyer. I think rates would have to move a lot before you'd see a significant impact on our buyer.

Chris Shook -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst

And then another question on your ASP. So in 4Q, you revised down your guidance twice, and still kind of just fell short of the lower end of that range. Is there any sort of a specific area responsible for that, or kind of what explains the shortfall?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Right. You're right, I mean we revised it down and then we came in 30 basis points below the guidance. There were really three main factors that contributed to the beat this quarter on the SG&A. The first one was, again on our revenues, we came in at the higher end of our range, so we were up at the $1.4 billion mark as opposed to $1.35 billion midpoint than we usually, typically calculate our SG&A and our gross margins at the midpoints of our revenue range, so that was a help.

We saw strong cost-containment efforts again this quarter and saw some various decreases across certain line items, but nothing that really stood out. And then, finally, I would point out one item that was favorable for us, that it's hard to always count on, but the market, the market performed really well in general, and we do have a couple of legacy benefit plans that are priced based on -- or expenses are based partially on market performance, and that contributed a little bit as well. So probably about 10 basis points from each of those factors is the reason for the beat.

Operator

Our next question comes from James McCanless of Wedbush Securities. Please proceed with your question.

James McCanless -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Hey, good afternoon, thanks for taking my questions. The first one I had is on the community count. Just wanted to make sure you guys are expecting a flat community count with the year-ending number at the end of fiscal '18, is that correct?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

We're expecting a flat average count for the full-year 2018. So a little bit down the first quarter, and hopefully, some favorability as we travel through the year. But flat for the total year.

James McCanless -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

And then, just wanted to ask, any updates to the '19 guidance, or should we still be using the same numbers that you all put out back in November?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, I think we're -- just as we did in 2017, as we traveled through the year, we laid out the three-year plan. We've laid out our targets. We focused very much on hitting or exceeding our 2017 targets, and I think we'll go down the same path this year. We'll update guidance on '19 when we get closer to the end of the year.

But I think as you're probably thinking, I mean, we're trailing quite well. Seventeen came in a bit above of where our expectations were, and we've lifted a little bit on '18, but we're still pretty firmly focused on those '19 goals. There were three-year targets, and we'll continue to focus on one year at a time as we go, and now we're into the 2018 targets.

Operator

Our next question comes from Michael Eisen of RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

Michael Eisen -- RBC Capital -- Analyst

Good afternoon, let me also throw in my congrats on a great quarter. You guys continue to really outperform and shine in your reduction in SG&A ratio. Are there any key things you guys are doing that's really driving this? And, kind of, how can we think about the guidance you guys have put out for next year, and the potential for continued improvement ahead of what you guys are talking about? Are there, were there any specifics in our -- of driving that?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Well, I think if you flashback, as you pointed out over the last few years, we've had tremendous success in driving down the ratio, and it's come from really a couple of things. One is overall cost-containment. We've been very, very careful with fixed cost and adding to structure, right in line with Jeff's strategy of growing in our existing markets. It's a very efficient way and profitable way to grow the business.

So to the extent you can grow with your current infrastructure and grow significantly, it adds a lot to the bottom line. So we've been really successful, I think, in implementing that based on that strategy. So two really important factors. I think as you -- as I think everyone's aware with SG&A, there is a limit.

I mean, unlike other things, the limit, I guess, is a little bit above 0 at some point. But the lower it gets, the tougher it gets. Sub-10% is -- are some pretty good numbers for us. And like I pointed out during the scripted portion of this call, we set a record, quarterly record, every single quarter in 2017 on revenues that were much lower than this company achieved when we were last this -- last time this low in SG&A.

So it's been, in my opinion, a very, very solid performance along those factors, and we'll continue to try to push it, but I think it's a little bit a law of diminishing returns. We're looking to see operating margin improvement coming from, more from the gross margin side of the equation in 2018 as opposed to the SG&A side. But, look, as always, we'll take it from both, and we'll drive from both and we'll see where we end up with. But as of right now, the guidance range that we threw out there for next year, for SG&A, I think that's, that those are pretty good numbers based on what we're currently seeing.

Michael Eisen -- RBC Capital -- Analyst

OK, that's very helpful. And then, thinking a little more kind of longer term and your guys' '19 targets have gone to 8% to 9% operating margins. If I'm just using the midpoint of the guidance range as you put out, it looks like there's a slight step-down in improvement next year and then a reacceleration in '19. Is there anything to read into that? Or is there just more, kind of conservatism in some of the numbers for next year and will continue to update as the year unfolds?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, I wouldn't say right now there's conservatism. It's just, as we see it today, those are the numbers. We haven't sold, really any, very few, if any, deliveries for the second half next year right now, and we'll start selling those -- we've started, I guess, in the first quarter, beginning part of the first quarter. But as we get through the spring selling season, we'll have better visibility.

But based on what we're seeing now and the estimates for our new communities and deliveries in the third and fourth quarter, I think the numbers are pretty solid. We've continued to maintain our 2019 targets to the original targets that we set when we laid the plan out. We just thought that was, in some -- many respects, the fairest way to show it and I think a good way to judge a company and the company's progress. We've been executing very well against those targets with an operating margin this year that was approaching our -- the bottom end of our range for next year as we talked about during that conference call, we were pleased with that.

In fact, a little bit above the bottom end of the range that we gave for '18 or the 17.1% operating margin. And we'll continue to progress. So that 8% to 9%, I think, is looking more and more doable, I think, for everyone, and I think we're starting to grasp that and we're very pleased with it.

Operator

Our next question comes from Susan Maklari of Crédit Suisse. Please proceed with your question.

Susan Maklari -- Crédit Suisse -- Analyst

Thank you. You guys noted that Las Vegas continues to be really strong for you in there. Can you just talk a little bit about maybe what you're seeing? Give us a little bit more color on that. And then as we do think about, maybe on a broader level, some of the changes that are coming from a tax perspective, how do you think about this market, just given the relative affordability and maybe your positioning within that?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Susan, on your first question, Vegas is and has for many years now, been a top performer for us. I think it's in part because of the brand and the scale and the reputation we have in the market because we've been a Top 3 builder for many years, No.1 many years. Inspirada's a very nice community to have as your aircraft carrier, continues to perform very well, was just identified it as one of the top-selling master plans in the country, and we own a sizable chunk of the Inspirada business. But the sales are pretty broad-based geographically.

It's affordable product, not necessarily just first-time, first-time, first move-up product. If you think of it this way, Vegas, as well as it's doing, it's still less than half of normal volumes on the new-home side and sales prices are still well below the previous peak. So this is nothing but a good market with job growth and a strengthening economy, and we have some really good positions there. So Vegas is a very good homebuilding opportunity for us right now.

On the tax side, I don't know that we've really thought much that this would do anything but improve consumption for the buyers. And when we looked at it, over 80%, the reports we're reading, 80% to 85% of taxpayers are going to see a lower tax rate and more money in their pocket. So if it doesn't help them with their buying power on a house, it definitely puts more cash into the economy, it creates more jobs and lifts the overall economy. So I don't know the tax shift here is going to change buyer profiles much.

I just think in general, you'll see stronger consumer confidence and stronger demand across the different buyer segments.

Susan Maklari -- Crédit Suisse -- Analyst

OK, that's helpful. And then just, you noted that you've got a tough comp coming up in the first quarter here. Can you just remind us maybe of the quarterly cadence of those comps as we think about moving through the time or the monthly -- I'm sorry, the monthly comps that are coming up for the first quarter?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Well, what I can tell you and you could do the math. I mean, we had 798 net sales this year and 700 net sales last year during the first five weeks. So that should give you a good idea on how the quarter plays out. As Jeff mentioned, the first five weeks of the quarter, seasonally the slowest five weeks.

So it's sort of the low point of the quarter. But we like the trend, and we had really nice sales results for those five weeks, and gives us some flexibility for the rest of the quarter. So let's see how it goes from here, but they were -- numbers definitely racks it up as we get further into the spring selling season in late January and into February.

Operator

Our next question comes from John Lovallo of Bank of America. Please proceed with your question.

Pete Galbo -- Bank of America -- Analyst

Hey, guys, good afternoon. It's actually Pete Galbo on for John. Jeff, I just wanted to get some clarification on the tax rate for 2018. If we do strip out the $115 million noncash charge, at least in the first quarter, there's still a month that was under the old tax regime.

So should we be thinking about the first-quarter tax rate that's higher than the rest of the year, above that 27% on 2Q or 4Q was kind of below that, or am I thinking about that the wrong way?

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

It's a very good question. We spent a fair amount of time grappling with that ourselves. The way it will work out for the accounting is, it will just be a flat rate for the full year. In fact, the same way to work out for the tax side as well, where we actually file the returns.

So the 27% is basically more or less a flat rate for full year, and it excludes the one month as you point out at 35%, and then 11 months at the lower rate.

Pete Galbo -- Bank of America -- Analyst

Got it. No, that's helpful. And you guys mentioned, kind of, I realize it's the low point of the quarter, but the 14% improvement for the first five weeks, I mean, absorption rates, if things carry out, even at a fraction of that, start pushing up closer to four homes a month. Is there a point, maybe in terms of homes per month, there's something where you guys kind of pull back a little bit and say we're in too quick of a pace, and we want to take more price, or is that not how you're thinking about it?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Pete, that's -- in our prepared comments, I referred to as optimizing the asset. And there's a balance of absorption and price or margin that gets you to the highest return per asset. And typically for us, it's optimal around four a month. So -- and it depends on how many lots are in the community and whether the lots are easily replaceable in that submarket or not, and if it's in coastal California, you're going to push hard for price because you can't necessarily replace it with ease.

If you're in inland California or Texas, where lots are easier to replace, you may go for a higher volume as well. And in part, as you look at our order comp quarter-to-date, if it were to run at 14% -- if it was heading toward that kind of a comp for the whole quarter, we'd probably push harder on taking some price.

Operator

Our next question comes from Mike Dahl of Barclays. Please proceed with your question.

Mike Dahl -- Barclays -- Analyst

Hi, thanks for taking my questions. I appreciate the color. A couple of quick ones from me. On the community count side, I was hoping you could provide a little bit more detail on California or West Coast specifically, just given the trends you were pointing out in some of your opening comments about tougher comps, but thinking that you'll get a large number of openings in the West Coast, starting in 1Q.

Could you give us a little more flavor for how to think about the growth trajectory and communities on the West Coast and also within California, where those are coming from?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

I don't know that we'll get into within the region, as to where they're coming from, there's a lot of detail in that question. But as Jeff pointed out, we do hope to grow and to open a lot of communities in California, particularly in the early part of the year. We'll update more on that as we get through the year. We typically don't provide a lot of regional color, go forward, on community count.

It's a very tough metric. I think you hear this from most homebuilders. It's a very tough metric to predict, just due to the variability mainly at closeout. You just don't know where the closeouts are coming from.

And in some cases, the openings can vary by quarter. So as some things bleed into the next quarter, some things get pulled ahead into the current quarter, so I think we'd probably just leave it with, we're pretty optimistic and very happy with what we're seeing trend-wise in the state, and hope to continue to push the openings here as we do across the business. But it's half our business. So in revenue terms, so it's an important component for us, and something we always remain focused on.

We don't see -- with all that said, we don't see a major regional shift in delivery percentages for next year. So we're looking to more or less maintain that, if that's where your question's coming from, whether you see more shift toward California regional deliveries, higher ASPs, margins, etc. We think it's going to be relatively stable, relative to, or as compared to 2017.

Mike Dahl -- Barclays -- Analyst

OK, yes, that is part of where I was going and also the other part which you touched on, is trying to get at if your comment was, kind of gross opens or net opens, in terms of thinking about how many net communities we could really be adding there.

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, the commentary is more on grand openings, new openings.

Mike Dahl -- Barclays -- Analyst

And then, sticking with California for a second. Is there anything you're seeing, either positive or negative, in terms of people who've been displaced by the wildfires and in terms of potential boost to demand, or conversely, there were a couple locations that were, or at least, in the vicinity of some of these fires? And anything you're seeing in terms of impact to whether it's your communities directly or more of an indirect, negative impact from just the people being displaced and also the diversion of resources to those areas?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Mike, it's impacted things, you touched on a lot of different influences. And if you think about it, most of the fires were in areas that aren't heavily inhabited. But the fire over -- the Thomas fire was mostly up in the hills. And where it's creating damage to homes, it's typically land-constrained areas, higher-priced goods, and there's no question, up in the Santa Rosa, for instance, there was a few thousand homes that were demolished or burned down, but it's in an area that's no-growth without a lot of developable land where you can quickly address it.

So in Santa Rosa, we do have one community in the general area, and there's a very strong demand in that community, but it's not a big part of our business. And for the state, this is a real issue. You have all these people that were displaced, trying to find somewhere to go. I've seen articles in the media about landlords really taking advantage of this and getting criticized for opportunistically pushing their rent.

We've continued to run our ad site and are managing our price and pace, but it's one community, it's not a big mover for us. On the business side, I don't know. Because it's going to be such a slow recovery, I also don't think it's a major impact on our subbase for the suppliers, other than it has been a real hit to utility companies. We had difficulties in the fourth quarter getting meters set in Southern Cal because all the utility crews have been shifted up to the Santa Rosa area to help them rebuild the utility infrastructure.

And we did -- some of the communities that didn't open yet, were in part because we couldn't get the utility infrastructure completed in order to energize the model parts. And that's why they're open now in Q1. But, again, that's a very short-term hit to us. And I think we're actually, for the most part, are past it now.

So big state, a lot going on with demographics in the market. And I don't know that the fires are going to be a significant impact, really, up or down.

Operator

Our next question comes from Will Randow of Citi.

Will Randow -- Citi -- Analyst

I guess I just wanted to delve into the tax piece a bit more, kind of the positives and potential negatives. It sounds like states of California, New York, and one or two others are trying to sidestep the state and local tax deduction. And in California, your average is, if I remember correctly, about $20,000 per home, for SALT, which obviously would be a $3,000 impact. I guess, from that perspective, do you have any insight in terms of sidestepping the SALT deduction, if that's actually plausible in terms of the news headlines we're seeing? And then, on a slightly more negative note, obviously, the more stretched first-time homebuyer takes a hit.

So how do you think about that from a pricing perspective and portfolio perspective, for how you're going to build out in California going forward, if you can sidestep SALT?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Your crystal ball is as good as mine on whether the high-tax-rate states come up with a way to get around this new federal tax law. I do think it puts pressure on these states where people have been paying taxes, and were able to write it off and no longer can. I think there's going to be some challenge to the state governments for how do you support your programs and fund them, when people may push back on the taxes, but that's all political and speculation. We haven't spent a lot of time thinking through, OK for a first-time buyer, what does this really mean in that, the first-time buyer incomes, where they've upped the standard deduction, probably is as much of a help as the fact that they can't deduct it on a federal level.

So I don't know. We're not hearing anything here, where first-time buyers just got hammered, or they were out of pocket now, compared to what they were before. I think for the most part, first-time buyers going to have a little more money in their pocket.

Will Randow -- Citi -- Analyst

And then, as a follow-up. In terms of mortgage overlays, given your experience there, nothing's been adjusted regarding SALT. And I apologize for dovetailing this in, but can you go through the DTA math in terms of the writedown?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

On the mortgage overlays, if you're referring to changes in underwriting because of changes in the tax law, I haven't heard anything on that. I don't know if that -- either they qualify or they don't. What is good news, that FHA lifted the loan limits in many of the higher-priced suburbs, I'll say, inland California. So I think that will actually help demand a little, that's good, but haven't heard anything on the tax and underwriting side.

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Right. I mean, in underwriting, they never gave breaks for deductions, so I don't think they're taking anything away now, so. I think, look, overall, my view is, more income in the market, better economy, a strong stock market, higher consumer confidence. It's a net benefit, real positive for us.

And we're really excited about the spring selling season. And I don't have any hesitation saying that whatsoever on the tax side. I think it's going to be across-the-board, positive, but that's, again, my opinion. On the DTA math, it's very complicated.

So I'm not going to walk through line by line, but I can give you the high level on it. If you look at our total deferred-tax assets, No. 1, it's not just pure deferred-tax assets. There are some deferred-tax liabilities in there that are netted out.

So it is a net number to start with. Out of the net number, you would then pull out the portion relating to tax credits, which is, I mentioned, is roughly $210 million, as having no impact on an adjustment due to lower rate, so $210 million then comes out. Then you would also pull out the portion of our DTA relating to state taxes because, obviously, at this point, state taxes have not been affected by lower rates, and there's been no rate adjustment on that, so there's no recalculation on that piece. What you're then left with is basically the portion of our DTA that relates to federal net operating losses, and a portion of our DTA that relates to federal book-to-tax temporary differences and you gross those amounts up at the 35%, you then recalculate those amounts at the 21%, and you come up with a difference.

And the difference that we believe we'll be booking during the first quarter is about $115 million. And it's, pretty much sums up. I mean, there's a lot of complications, a lot of calculations that go into it, but at a high level, that's how it works.

Operator

We'll take our last question from Carl Reichardt of BTIG. Please proceed with your question.

Carl Reichardt -- BTIG -- Analyst

Jeff M., you were talking about this idea that folks will trade down within a community to smaller homes, if rates move up aggressively. I'm curious, with two things on that regard. One, when rates were falling during the course of the year, were folks trading up to larger homes or was there a move toward larger homes within the community offering? And then, can you talk a little bit about options and upgrades and what percentage they are of your selling price and what your sense is, and what would happen if rates went up to those elements of the business?

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Carl, I don't know that our footage moved much at all, as the year rolls along with interest rates ticking up. I'll say it wasn't a major move, it was a slight uptick, and you've followed our business. We have communities where we'll operate 10 floor plans, and the incremental footage in price can be 100 square feet and the price goes down five grand. Then it's the same bedroom count, a little different living configuration in the kitchen and living room and dining room.

And people want a home, and they want a home in that area, and they want the biggest home they can afford. So if all they can afford is 2,400 square feet instead of 2,550, they're still going to buy that house, and that's what we've seen over the years as rates go up and down and the economy goes up and down. People -- we call it moving with demand. People will tell you what they want and you accommodate what they can afford at the time, and the same thing on the studio.

Every buyer's unique. Some buyers want to really load up the granite counters and a lot of upgrades into a smaller footage, and others want not much upgrades at all, and the biggest footage they can get. And we can flex with that. But as the year unfolded here in '17, I don't know if you have any specifics, but my impression is, the studio sales held pretty [Inaudible].

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, the studio sales, yes, it's been trending, sort of 9, 10, 11% for several years now, and then a following right around the [Indiscernible] that it changes and goes up and down a little bit based on mix, I mean it's depending on product mix and where the sales are coming from, relative West Coast versus other parts of the country, even specifically certain communities where maybe there's less choice because of detached products or whatever. But outside of that, they've been kind of within those ranges for quite some time.

Carl Reichardt -- BTIG -- Analyst

OK. Thanks, Jeff. And then, talking about a different kind of option. Can you guys comment at all about the availability of option lots, and whether or not that's changed over the course of the last couple of quarters? We have a little information that says to us, lot availability's getting a little better into some markets.

I'm just kind of curious to what you were seeing.

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Carl, I'd agree with the comment that it's getting better in some markets, and it's getting better in that, for years, nothing really got entitled, and so we had to churn through all of the entitled land first, and then there was a shortage of developable lots, and now the entitlement process has caught up again. So in some of the cities, we are seeing it free up some. In the land-constrained areas, the states we're in, the most desirable areas it's still a, pretty much a cash transaction. As you get to areas where there's more supply, you can go and get options.

So it's pretty typical of what we've seen for the last several years.

Duration: 65 minutes

Call Participants:

Jill Peters -- Senior Vice President, Investor Relations

Jeff Mezger -- Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

Jeff Kaminski -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thomas Maguire -- Zelman and Associates -- Analyst

Neal BasuMullick -- JP Morgan -- Analyst

Tim Daley -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Chris Shook -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst

James McCanless -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Michael Eisen -- RBC Capital -- Analyst

Susan Maklari -- Crédit Suisse -- Analyst

Pete Galbo -- Bank of America -- Analyst

Mike Dahl -- Barclays -- Analyst

Will Randow -- Citi -- Analyst

Carl Reichardt -- BTIG -- Analyst

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