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Edwards Lifesciences Corp (EW -0.59%)
Q2Â 2019 Earnings Call
Jul 23, 2019, 5:00 p.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Greetings and welcome to the Edwards Lifesciences Second Quarter 2019 Results Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]
I would now like to turn the conference over to Mark Wilterding, Vice President, Investor Relations. Thank you. Please begin.
Mark Wilterding -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Roya. Good afternoon and thank you for joining us today. Just after the close of regular trading, Edwards Lifesciences released its second quarter 2019 financial results. During today's call, management will discuss the results included in the press release and accompanying financial schedules and then use the remaining time for Q&A.
Our presenters on today's call are Mike Mussallem, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; and Scott Ullem, Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that today's -- during today's call, management will be making forward-looking statements that are based on estimates, assumptions and projections. These statements include but aren't limited to financial guidance and expectations for longer-term growth opportunities, regulatory approvals, clinical trials, litigation, reimbursement, competitive matters and foreign currency fluctuations.
These statements speak only as of the date on which they are made and Edwards does not undertake any obligation to update them after today. Additionally, the statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Information concerning factors that could cause differences and important product safety information may be found in the press release, our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Edwards' other SEC filings, all of which are available on the company's website at edwards.com.
Finally, a quick reminder that when using terms underlying and adjusted, management is referring to non-GAAP financial measures, otherwise they are referring to GAAP results. Additional information about the use of non-GAAP measures is included in today's press release and available at edwards.com.
With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Mike for his comments.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Mark, and welcome to the team. We are pleased to report strong second quarter total adjusted sales of $1.1 billion, representing 14% underlying sales growth with ballad's strength across all four product lines. Sales were lifted by high teens global growth in TAVR, which reinforces our belief in our projection of a $7 billion opportunity by 2024. We continue to aggressively pursue breakthrough technologies with the potential to help an even broader group of patients and in turn drive significant future value.
Given our first half performance, we have increased confidence that we will again achieve double-digit sales growth in 2019. In transcatheter aortic valve replacement or TAVR, second quarter global sales were $678 million, up 18% on an underlying basis. We estimate global TAVR procedure growth was comparable with our growth. We anticipated growth would accelerate after the first quarter and our results this quarter exceeded our expectations. Globally, our average selling price remained stable as we continued to exercise price discipline. For the first half of 2019, we estimate global TAVR procedures grew in the mid-teens consistent with our guidance from the December investor conference.
In the U.S., our TAVR sales grew in the high teens and we estimate that our share of procedures was stable. We believe growth was stimulated by increased confidence in the therapy following the strong PARTNER 3 clinical results presented and published in late Q1. It was encouraging to note that growth was broad based across both high and low volume centers.
Nevertheless, based on our continued research, we are increasingly confident that there are many patients who would benefit from TAVR and who are not diagnosed, referred or treated today. We remain focused on our efforts to increase awareness and diagnosis, improve referral patterns and help patients receive the care that they need based on medical guidelines. Patients are continuing to be treated with the PARTNER 3 low risk continued access protocol in more than 30 high volume clinical trial sites.
We now estimate that in the third quarter, the FDA will approve SAPIEN 3 and SAPIEN 3 Ultra for patients at low surgical risk. Late in Q2, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services or CMS released the final updated NCD, which we believe better reflects today's practices and the needs of patients. We commend CMS on its thoughtful approach toward updating the TAVR policy, while the NCD did not achieve equipoise between surgery and TAVR, we believe the modernized requirements and more streamlined patient evaluation process are meaningful enhancements that should improve access for more patients suffering from severe aortic stenosis.
Outside the U.S., in the second quarter, we estimate total TAVR procedures grew in the mid-teens on a year-over-year basis with Edwards growth being comparable. We continue to see excellent opportunities for OUS growth as we believe international adoption of TAVR therapy remains quite low. In Europe, we estimate that TAVR procedures also grow in the mid-teens on a year-over-year basis and Edwards growth was comparable.
We're continuing our launch of SAPIEN 3 Ultra system in Europe, which we expect to account for a majority of our TAVR sales in Europe by year-end. CENTERA was a limited -- was in a limited number of centers and did not contribute meaningfully to this growth. In Japan, we continue to see strong TAVR adoption driven by SAPIEN 3 and new centers are being qualified. We remain focused on expanding the availability of TAVR therapy throughout the country, driven by our belief that aortic stenosis remains an immensely undertreated disease along this large elderly population. As we discussed earlier this year, the landmark PARTNER 3 trial clearly demonstrated superiority of SAPIEN 3 over surgery in the low-risk patient population. A highlight was a low 1% risk of death or stroke at one year. Combined with prior robust clinical evidence, we believe a great majority of patients with aortic stenosis are ideally treated with Edwards best-in-class SAPIEN 3 platform. Given the pending approval for patients at low risk and the continued excellence and versatility of our balloon-expandable platform, we have made the difficult decision to discontinue the CENTERA program. While the CENTERA valve has demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes and it is performing well for patients, the time and resources required to optimize deliverability as well as expanding the indications to max SAPIEN 3 are significant.
Going forward, we believe we best address patient's needs by focusing resources on our robust pipeline of next-generation balloon-expandable technologies and indication expansion trials. We continue to be pleased with the SAPIEN 3 Ultra valve performance, and throughout the discipline launch, our confidence has been reinforced by positive clinician feedback. Many clinicians have also expressed a preference for aspects of the SAPIEN 3 delivery system and we're working to incorporate those changes to optimize the SAPIEN 3 Ultra system. We expect these additions to continue to transition from SAPIEN 3 to SAPIEN 3 Ultra system around the world.
In summary, our year-to-date underlying sales growth in TAVR was 14% and we are raising our full year guidance to around the top end of our previous 11% to 15% range. Although the strategic decisions we made in the quarter resulted in a special charge, these decisions strengthen the execution of our long-term strategy. We are encouraged that the TAVR opportunity remains robust and continue to believe that our TAVR innovations will sustain our strong global leadership position.
Turning to Transcatheter Mitral and Tricuspid Therapies or TMTT, second quarter global revenue of $7 million was lifted by the continued rollout of PASCAL in Europe. In our early commercial experience, we remained focused on physician training, procedural success and great outcomes for patients. We're pleased with our progress as well as the positive physician feedback that we're receiving regarding PASCAL as a differentiated therapy. We also treated patients commercially with our Cardioband mitral and tricuspid annular reduction therapies and there have been improvement in supply as we continue transferring production to other Edward's manufacturing sites.
As we advance our comprehensive portfolio, we remained focused on developing clinical evidence. We recently presented positive data on our mitral and tricuspid experience with PASCAL and Cardioband at the EuroPCR and TVT medical meetings. We're encouraged by the data from the CLASP study of the PASCAL system at six months patients experienced substantial MR reduction as well as clinically and statistically significant improvements in functional status, exercise capability and quality of life.
Looking ahead in mitral repair, as previously announced, we receive approval of our CLASP IIF pivotal trial for patients with secondary or functional mitral valve disease and plan to initiate enrollment in late 2019. And we continue to enroll in our CLASP IID pivotal trial to study PASCAL in primary or degenerative mitral valve disease.
In mitral valve replacement, we're pleased with the ongoing early feasibility study experience in both EVOQUE and SAPIEN M3 transseptal therapies and we remain on track to initiate a U.S. pivotal trial of SAPIEN M3 in late 2019. In transcatheter tricuspid repair, we've gained significant clinical experience through our three simultaneous U.S. early feasibility studies for PASCAL, Cardioband and FORMA. We believe that PASCAL and Cardioband can treat a significant number of patients suffering from tricuspid regurgitation supporting further optimization of our portfolio. We plan to initiate a pivotal trial using PASCAL in the tricuspid position late this year and plan to initiate a second tricuspid pivotal trial with Cardioband in the future.
Further, while we have experienced positive clinical outcomes for patients who've been treated with FORMA, we've made the decision to discontinue work on FORMA to support the acceleration of other tricuspid programs. Overall, we remain enthusiastic about the opportunities to treat patients suffering from tricuspid and mitral disease with our transcatheter therapies. We remain on track to achieve our 2019 milestones, including continued enrollment in our CLASP IID Pivotal Trial as well as planning to initiate three additional pivotal trials by late 2019. And you can expect to hear more updates regarding our one-year CLASP study data at the upcoming TCT medical meeting.
In summary, we remain confident in achieving approximately $40 million of total TMTT revenue for 2019. We continue to estimate the global TMTT opportunity to reach approximately $3 billion by 2024 and are passionate about bringing a portfolio of solutions for patients in need.
In Surgical Structural Heart, sales for the quarter were $218 million or up 2% on an underlying basis. Growth was lifted by increased adoption of our premium high value technologies and strength outside the U.S. This was partially offset by lower surgical aortic heart valve procedures in the U.S. as TAVR adoption expanded. Of particular note, the INSPIRIS RESILIA aortic valve continue to grow in all regions with notable usage and more active patients who might otherwise got a mechanical valve.
Separately, we now anticipate that our Harpoon system and echo guided beating heart mitral valve repair therapy will be commercially available in Europe in late 2019 versus our previous expectation for a mid-2019 launch. The delay in timing reflects what we believe is generally a slower regulatory environment in Europe. We remain enthusiastic about this unique therapy and believe that it will offer the potential for earlier treatment of degenerative mitral valve disease, while providing faster recovery and more consistent outcomes for patients.
In summary, in Surgical Structural Heart, we remain comfortable with our full year underlying sales growth range of 1% to 3%. We remain excited about our ability to provide innovative surgical treatment options for more patients and to extend our global leadership in premium Surgical Structural Heart technologies.
In Critical Care, sales for the quarter were $184 million and grew 9% on an underlying basis. All product lines contributed to this performance boosted by HemoSphere sales primarily in the U.S. and Europe. HemoSphere is our all-in-one monitoring platform is an important growth driver in 2019 and with the recent full market launch of the platform that includes our FloTrac sensor and our Acumen Hypotension Index software. This platform is designed to provide greater clarity on a patient's hemodynamic status, while introducing a predictive algorithm to improve decision-making.
In April, we successfully completed our acquisition of CASMED's FORE-SIGHT a non-invasive cerebral oximetry monitoring technology. Sales of CASMED were $5 million in the quarter, integration is under way to enable the use of FORE-SIGHT on our HemoSphere platform. This combination will create a unique offering of enhanced recovery tools and predictive analytics capabilities to further strengthen our leadership in smart monitoring.
In summary, given the strong first half sales performance and the momentum from the recent HemoSphere launches, we now expect full year 2019 underlying sales growth of 8% to 10%, an increase versus our previous 5% to 7% projection.
And now I'll turn the call over to Scott.
Scott Ullem -- Corporate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure Mike. Our top line performance this quarter was outstanding with underlying sales growth of 13.6%, reflecting strength in all four of our product lines across all regions. Particularly strong this quarter was our TAVR sales which likely benefited from the recent clinical evidence supporting SAPIEN 3 therapy. Our adjusted earnings per share in the second quarter of $1.38 grew 11% over the prior year and was driven by our strong sales performance, partially offset by higher research and development spending primarily in our transcatheter structural heart programs.
As Mike previously discussed, this quarter we made strategic decisions regarding our transcatheter aortic valve portfolio, which resulted in a $46 million special charge primarily comprised of finished goods inventory. This charge combined with other adjustments reduced our GAAP earnings per share to $1.14, a full reconciliation between our GAAP and adjusted earnings per share is included with today's release.
I'll now cover the details of our second quarter results and then discuss guidance for 2019. For the quarter, our adjusted gross profit margin was 76.4% compared to 74.4% in the same period last year. This improvement was driven primarily by the favorable impacts from foreign exchange and product mix, partially offset by investments in our global supply chain expansion. We continue to expect our full year 2019 adjusted gross profit margin to be between 76% and 78%, although, we are expecting a lower benefit from foreign exchange than originally anticipated at our investor conference.
Selling, general and administrative expenses in the second quarter were $308 million or 28.4% of sales. This 12% increase over the prior year was driven by transcatheter structural heart field personnel related expenses, including expanding the TMTT field organization in Europe, partially offset by the strengthening of the dollar.
We continue to expect SG&A, excluding special items to be between 28% and 29% of sales for the full year 2019. Research and development expenses in the quarter grew 25% over the prior year to $192 million or 17.7% of sales, increase was primarily the result of significant investments in our transcatheter structural heart programs, including an increase in clinical research for the PASCAL system. For the full year 2019, we continue to expect research and development, excluding special items to be between 17% and 18% of sales.
Turning to taxes, our reported tax rate was 10.7% for the quarter or 12% excluding the impact of special items. This rate included a 530 basis-point benefit or $0.08 from the accounting for employee stock-based compensation. We continue to expect our full year 2019 tax rate, excluding special items to be between 12% and 14%, which reflects the continuing benefit of accounting for employee stock-based compensation.
Foreign exchange rates decreased second quarter sales growth by approximately 2% or $20 million compared to the prior year. At current rates, we continue to estimate an approximate $60 million negative impact or about 1.5% to full year 2019 sales compared to the prior year. Foreign exchange rates positively impacted our second quarter gross profit margin by 260 basis points compared to the prior year. Relative to our April guidance, FX rates had less than $0.01 impact on earnings per share reflecting our effective currency hedging program.
Free cash flow for the second quarter was $277 million defined as cash flow from operating activities of $341 million, less capital spending of $64 million. We now expect full year 2019 adjusted free cash flow to be around the top of our $800 million to $900 million guidance. We remain on track in implementing capital expansion projects in line with our strategy to increase global capacity and increase the robustness of our global supply chain.
Turning to our balance sheet. At the end of the quarter, we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $934 million, total debt was $594 million. Consistent with the company's plans to offset dilution from equity-based compensation, Edwards repurchased 1.4 million shares in the second quarter for $250 million. Average shares outstanding during the second quarter remained level with the prior quarter at $212 million. We continue to expect average diluted shares outstanding for 2019 to be between $211 million and $213 million.
Turning to our 2019 guidance, given our strong first half performance, we have increased confidence in achieving our expectations for financial performance in 2019. We are increasing the bottom end of our sales guidance ranges for Edwards and for TAVR. For total Edwards, we now expect $4.0 billion to $4.3 billion, an underlying sales growth around the top end of our previous 9% to 12% range. For TAVR, we now expect $2.5 billion to $2.7 billion. We continue to expect TMTT sales of approximately $40 million and Surgical Structural Heart sales of $810 million to $850 million. We now expect Critical Care sales including CASMED around the top end of our previous $700 million to $750 million range.
We are raising our full year adjusted earnings per share guidance range to $5.20 to $5.40, up from our previous guidance of $5.10 to $5.35. For the third quarter of 2019, our seasonally lowest quarter, at current foreign exchange rates, we project total sales to be between $1.02 billion and $1.06 billion and adjusted earnings per share of $1.13 to $1.23.
And with that, I'll pass it back to Mike.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Scott. We're very pleased with our strong performance in the first half of 2019. As patients and clinicians increasingly understand the significant benefits of transcatheter-based technologies supported by the substantial body of compelling evidence, we remain as optimistic as ever about the long-term growth opportunity. Our foundation of leadership, combined with a robust product pipeline positions us well for continued success.
And with that, I'll turn it back over to Mark.
Mark Wilterding -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Thanks, Mike. We're ready to take questions now. In order to allow for broad participation, we ask that you please limit the number of questions to one plus one follow-up. If you have additional questions, please reenter the queue and management will answer as many questions as possible during the remainder of the call.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Bob Hopkins with Bank of America. Please proceed.
Bob Hopkins -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Great, thank you and congrats on a phenomenal second quarter. I guess the first and obvious question is really on the TAVR growth acceleration in the quarter both for yourselves and for the market. Can you just comment on what drove that acceleration? How much you think that was actually the low risk versus some other driver? Thank you.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Thanks, Bob. There were multiple factors that probably contributed to the growth in Q2 and it's pretty hard for us to isolate each one. I'll remind you, there has been high variability in the past quarter to quarter. It just has not been uncommon in TAVR. Recall the Q1 growth rate was lower than the recent past and the second quarter here was certainly higher. You look at the first half in total and it was around 14% back in the mid-teens but it was quite a difference between quarters and there could have been some seasonality associated with it.
But to add to that. I mean, to be fair, we believe that the growth might have been stimulated globally just by the increased confidence in the therapy following the strong PARTNER 3 clinical trial results. It could have had several influences, there was a lot of awareness and publicity that could have encouraged treatment. It's possible that there's some borderline patients that received TAVR. There was a minor increase in mor cap. But what we are encouraged by particular, Bob was that it was broad based growth across the globe and that even in the U.S., it was in both large and lower volume centers.
Bob Hopkins -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Okay. Thanks for that. I just wanted to ask as one follow-up just on mitral. You're still guiding to approximately $40 million. You need to almost triple your revenue in the back half. So just -- can you talk Mike a little bit about what gives you the confidence that PASCAL can accelerate as much as you're expecting in the back half of the year?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So we weren't really focused on the numbers this quarter. Our early commercial experience, we just stayed focused on physician training, procedural success and just trying to get great outcomes for patients. The procedures did actually increase quite a bit over Q2 and it's possible that some of the Q1 sales actually was consumed in Q2. But we're pleased with the kind of feedback that we've gotten on PASCAL and we remain confident in achieving the $40 million guidance.
Bob Hopkins -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Great. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of David Lewis with Morgan Stanley. Please proceed.
David Lewis -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Thanks for taking the question. Just two from me. Mike, just thinking about TAVR guidance for the back half of the year, it's pretty stable, frankly that's what we saw from a growth perspective in the second quarter. So is that how we should think about the business? Why should we not expect sort of further inflection or do you expect that after the approval an NCD? And then a quick follow-up.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
I'm not sure, I followed it exactly. You're saying, why shouldn't it be more. Is that the question David?
David Lewis -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Growth rates, your back half top end of the range means back half of the year is consistent with the second quarter. So the question is, why do you not see further inflection or do not expect that until we see the approval or NCD?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, we think it's premature. As you're well aware here, we've decided to discontinue the CENTERA program, so that won't be a driver of growth. We know that Boston Scientific is in the process of launching and we expect that to have some impact. So those are going to be some headwinds. And so we feel pretty good about where we guided things, David.
David Lewis -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Okay, that's helpful. And then Mike just new competition was a big debate this year. So competition in the U.S. from a third entrant, you suggested stable share this quarter. Was there any impact in the second quarter from new entrants? And how should we think about the second half of the year relative to new entrants? Thanks so much.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, it's always difficult for us to estimate market growth, but we assume that we -- that the growth in procedures overall and our growth was quite comparable. As it relates to the Boston, it appears that they're are executing a disciplined launch and that they're focusing on training and we expect them to get more active in the coming months. But we remain confident in our guidance.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question will come from the line of Vijay Kumar with Evercore ISI. Please proceed.
Vijay Kumar -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst
Hey guys. Congrats on a really nice quarter here. Mike, just back on I guess TAVR guidance for the back half. I just want to understand that, sequentially, we had 800 basis points of acceleration versus 1Q. Your comps did not seem like it was easier. And based on your comments, this is broad based, right? This was not just a U.S. phenomenon. You saw this across the geographies. Your comments on Europe accelerating, I think that's the first time we've seen Europe you guys being holding back to mid-teens in a while. And this is all happening before the formal approval, right.? So back to I guess the question 2Q was so strong, why shouldn't it accelerate post the approval in the back half?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. No. Thanks for that Vijay. And I can understand how you do that analysis. But when you do the sequential look of Q1 versus Q2, we certainly expected Q2 to be stronger than Q1 from a growth rate perspective. The way it turned out -- Q1 we think turned out surprisingly low and there may be some reasons behind it, but we don't fully understand that has to do with seasonality in the way the calendar fell. Q2 turned out to be even stronger. So I would caution you not to expect that kind of sequential growth on a routine basis. And so when we lay out the back half of the year, as I said, we would expect to get the approval sometime in Q3 and remember that Q3 has traditionally our slowest seasonal quarter as it is for our customers. And I mentioned without CENTERA and with Boston Scientific launching, we think that our guidance is in the appropriate place.
Vijay Kumar -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst
That's helpful, Mike. And maybe one on the mitral side, Cardioband, I'm not sure I heard Cardioband being mentioned on what its contribution was for in TMTT? Is it being used in mitral because I certainly heard about tricuspid and the trial starts, but I'm just curious on Cardioband in the mitral area?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, so Cardioband supply situation has improved. It was used in both the mitral and the tricuspid position, actually more tricuspid this last quarter. And so we're pleased to see that supply situation get better, so that we can allow some of our operators to really get in -- get to come down the learning curve and that'll apply that on a regular basis. Yeah.
Vijay Kumar -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst
Thank you, guys.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Larry Biegelsen with Wells Fargo. Please proceed.
Larry Biegelsen -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Thanks guys. So thanks for taking the question and congrats on the really, really impressive quarter. One on the EPS guidance, one on Ultra. So if I'm doing the math right, Scott, EPS beat by the midpoint of the Q2 guidance by about $0.06, but you raised the fiscal Q2 -- fiscal 2018 EPS guidance by only about $0.07 at the midpoint. Why is that? And I had one follow-up.
Scott Ullem -- Corporate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
So you're generally right about the math, Larry. This is by the way about $0.12 over our investor conference guidance. But effectively expenses and sales in the second quarter came in higher than we expected. And so as we look at the second half of the year, we're also expecting expenses to come in higher than we originally expected. Remember, we've got -- new pivotal trial is coming online and some additional other R&D and SG&A expenses that go along with those.
Larry Biegelsen -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Thank you. And then Mike on SAPIEN 3 Ultra, do you think the balloon issues have been resolved with the update to the IFU? And are you now planning to rollout Ultra more aggressively? And could you provide a little more color on the SAPIEN 3 delivery system comments you mentioned in your prepared remarks? Thanks for taking the questions.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks, Larry. Yeah, what we expressed is we're getting a lot of favorable feedback on the SAPIEN 3 Ultra valve itself and the way that that valve is performing. But we are seeing many clinicians also express a preference for aspects of the SAPIEN 3 delivery system. So we're working to incorporate those into the Ultra system. Ultimately, we think that that will have impact on the balloon issue. The balloon issue we identified some factors that were associated with that and actually there has been less of that occurred with the SAPIEN 3 delivery systems. So we expect that to be a real enhancement in that regard.
Larry Biegelsen -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Joanne Wuensch with BMO Capital Markets. Please proceed.
Joanne Wuensch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Congratulations on a very good quarter. Two quick questions, I want to spend a moment on the international market, the pricing dynamics. And last quarter, we talked about stable market share in a slower market. This quarter we're talking about stable market share in a faster market. And I'm just trying to make sure I understand what's going on here?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks Joanne. Yeah, so we do think that OUS procedure growth did pick up in the second quarter. And you did hear correctly that we feel like our growth was comparable with the market. So we didn't really see a share shift in our minds either last quarter or this quarter. And this is true year-over-year and quarter-over-quarter. Now exactly why it picked up is a little difficult to say, our team would say that there was probably some positive influence that came from the PARTNER 3 news that came in the end of Q1.
Joanne Wuensch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Okay, that's helpful. And then I just want to also understand the impact of the continue to access program in low risk and what you may think it helped in the second quarter. And how you're thinking about that for the second half contribution? Thank you.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks. So that stays in place until there is an approval. The cap program in the second quarter generated a little more than the first quarter, but it was pretty small. It was minor. I want to say something maybe in the 10% improvement. So I think maybe a couple of million dollars.
Joanne Wuensch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Thank you.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Sure.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Robbie Marcus, JPMorgan. Please proceed.
Robbie Marcus -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Great and congrats on a nice quarter. I heard you mentioned comments that the M3 is moving into pivotal trials late in this year. I didn't hear an update on timing for EVOQUE. Can you just give us an update on, if you're doing implants in patients in both of those right now and the status for EVOQUE?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yes, we are doing patients with both systems. We've been really pleased with the feedback on both systems. We have at this point decided that we are going to initiate the SAPIEN M3 clinical trial before the end of the year. One of the reasons that we feel comfortable going first with that is because we have literally thousands of patients in which the SAPIEN valve has been used in the mitral position. So it gives us an opportunity to start there, but we don't mean to send a signal that we're not excited about the EVOQUE platform. We also feel great SAPIEN M3 is going to go first.
Robbie Marcus -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
And you gave some good color on what you thought about second quarter and maybe some of the drivers of growth there. But maybe just diving into the international markets a little bit and if you could break out Europe and outside of Europe. This is a market that's been doing low risk for a while, it's been growing mid-teens for an impressive number of years. What is it there that you're seeing in trends that drove the growth this quarter, well above the expectations? Was it less competitive pricing? Was it some change in competitive dynamics? Was it some markets doing better than others? Any kind of color you could give would be great. Thanks.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Sure. So I mean, this was a really remarkably level quarter for us and that we experienced double-digit growth really around the globe, and that was driven by TAVR. In Europe in particular, what we have seen is that the less penetrated countries continue to grow faster than the more penetrated countries, but there is still ways to go. Europe is influenced to some extent by its reimbursement programs and so that's the key element of this. But I think you said that there was already low risk in Europe. Actually, there is no low risk approval at the EU level, that will probably come in 2020. But we do think that there were some influence from the PARTNER 3 data that appeared at the end of Q1 and that probably had some impact on the treatment of patients in the quarter.
Robbie Marcus -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Thanks a lot.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jason Mills with Canaccord Genuity. Please proceed.
Cecilia Furlong -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst
Hi. This is actually Cecilia on for Jason and thank you for taking the questions. I just wanted to ask about Japan and the strong TAVR adoption trends you've seen recently, juxtaposed with the current number of qualified centers in the region. And as you look forward, can you talk about the TAVR off-sided [Ph] view here and the lag work necessary to really open up the opportunity, what still needs to be done to increase the total number of qualified centers as well as establish and improve current referral patterns?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Thank you, Cecilia. Yeah, the growth rate in Japan has been nice and we've been pleased with that. But we are not pleased at all with the treatment rates in Japan. Given the large elderly population there, we would expect TAVR penetration to be much higher at this stage of the game and we believe that one of the reasons it's not higher is because it's really been limited in terms of the way their system has allowed centers to start up and that there should be more centers and the centers that are doing it should probably be doing more procedures.
So we still have our work to do to make sure that proper policies are put in place and we are applying energy to do that. So although, Japan is nice, it's still a big opportunity for patients to be treated at a much higher rate.
Cecilia Furlong -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst
Okay, great. Thank you. And then just turning to Europe, I realize it's still very early in the process, but could you talk more about your ongoing PASCAL launch in the region and specifically the training programs that you're implementing, the learning curve associated with the platform and adoption trends within centers following initial utilization. And just what types of patients are you seeing the platform be used in initially as centers trial the device? And where does this expand in your view longer term?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks. So early on here, we've really put a premium on making sure that the training was very well done that we have great procedural success that patients had great outcomes and that's been job one for us. It really hasn't been so much about the numbers. We've gotten a lot of great feedback. We saw the number of procedures really accelerate in Q2 and we are indeed adding centers in Europe during Q3 and Q4. So you can tell from our projection that we expect to do around $40 million in 2019. And that's going to be primarily from PASCAL. So I think it kind of speaks for itself in terms of what we think the adoption rate will be.
Cecilia Furlong -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst
Great. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Taylor with UBS. Please proceed.
Matt Taylor -- UBS -- Analyst
Hi, thanks for taking the question. So the first question I wanted to ask was, you mentioned it's a difficult decision to discontinue CENTERA. I was wondering if you could talk a little bit more about that as it certainly implies a lot of confidence in SAPIEN 3 which is, you should have. But you're not going to have a self-expanding option going forward. And what does that do to you in terms of the additional flexibility or horsepower [Ph]that you get from discontinuing now that you could put behind your PASCAL or some of these other programs?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Thanks a lot, Matt. You're right, a lot of this was headlined -- the incredible body of evidence that exists on SAPIEN platform and SAPIEN 3 in particular than the way it performed in the PARTNER 3 data has just given us a lot of confidence and it's also placed a very high bar in terms of how systems need to perform. And although we are really pleased and excited about CENTERA. There is a number of clinicians are as well and that valve performed well. The way that valve delivers didn't work as well in all anatomies as we would have liked. So it would have required us to make some enhancements to delivery system. And at the same time, remember the CENTERA trial that we're involved in now would only give us an intermediate risk indication that we would have to continue to do trials. So when we put that altogether and thought about where we're going to apply the resources of our team and how much confidence we have in the existing platform and how excited we are on future platforms. It was a tough decision, but we made it and decided that we're going to focus our resources on the next generations as well as the excitement we have on our existing platforms.
Matt Taylor -- UBS -- Analyst
Okay, understood. And then can you just spend a second on how you've kind of retooled the investments in mitral and tricuspid as kind of a follow-up to that and where are you accelerating these more -- you mentioned the PASCAL trial starting in tricuspid later this year. Maybe give us some intel on where you're really trying to accelerate?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So a few things, one is PASCAL is really kind of going first on the repair side. So we are pleased, now that we already had a program that was focused on these primary or degenerative patients and to be able to launch a pivotal trial for the functional or secondary patients we're excited about, because that's a significant group of patients that we're looking for to treat.
On the tricuspid side, after a lot of deliberation we decided that our first tricuspid trial should be done with PASCAL. So we made that call. You also heard that we decided and made the tough decision to discontinue the work that we have on FORMA. And so that one, we're in discussions with FDA in terms of what that trial design would look like. And so hopefully that gives you a sense, and at the same time, I think we just explained where we are on the mitral replacement with M3 going into a clinical trial late this year.
Matt Taylor -- UBS -- Analyst
Great. Yeah, thanks. It's very helpful.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Sure.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Matt Miksic with Credit Suisse. Please proceed.
Matt Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Hi, thanks for taking the questions. And I'll echo everyone's congrats on the quarter. So I think one of the things that folks have been trying to get to on the quarter is sort of the strengths and what drove it and it doesn't sound like it was continue to access per se. And I guess Mike, if you could elaborate, maybe it doesn't really sound like it was low risk patients that came in, but you said a few times awareness of and the impact of the PARTNER data. So is it -- I mean is it something like stroke risk or something that stood out or change the conversation for the, let's say, the intermediate risk indications or any kind of color that you can provide on -- how does awareness translate into volumes? And then I had one follow up.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks very much, Matt. I understand the confusion and I wish I could point to one thing that really drove this and I know this call feels a little bit like a birthday party, but it is -- there are a bunch of serious issues in here. We think that there was just plain variability between the first quarter and the second quarter. We believe that all of this data that was presented at the end of Q1 generated a lot of buzz, a lot of excitement and that people started moving through the system. We know that people don't move through the system that fast. And so oftentimes, we think it could take 90 or 120 days, even more for people to move through it. So how much could have gotten stimulated and move in Q2 is a question mark. So we have -- again, we don't think it's about cap. We don't think there were a significant number of low risk patients that were treated in the quarter. We really think that it was just the stimulation of the overall number of TAVR procedures.
Matt Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay, that's helpful color. I understand it's difficult to pin down, but then a similar question heading into Q3 and again cap not -- let's just say not a factor, per se. Maybe talk about seasonality, I mean last year you're down about 30 million or so sequentially Q2 to Q3. I think. And maybe what does cause a number to come down the way say it would need to come down sequentially in order to hit the guidance you've laid out for Q3?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, it's a good question. So that Q3 is a seasonably slow quarter for our customers. And so that kind of goes without saying. It wasn't so long ago, I'll remind you, back in 2016, after we got the approval that Q3 was lower growth than Q2. And I'm not sure we fully explained exactly why that was the case, but it happened. And so it causes us to just stay thoughtful and moderate about what our expectations are. We expect to have approval. But again, if the approval does comes probably it's likely to come during one of the slowest times of the year.
Matt Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Fair enough. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Josh Jennings with Cowen & Company. Please proceed.
Josh Jennings -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Hi, good afternoon and thanks for taking the questions. Just two questions on low risk approval. First one is what gives you confidence to kind of narrow the guidance range for approval timelines to 3Q. And should we be thinking about that -- could the approval occur this in the next week or should we be thinking later in the quarter in September? And then I just have one follow-up.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks for the question. I understand where you're coming from, Josh. So what happens usually as we go through questions back and forth with FDA and you can usually tell when the questions are winding down or when they're coming down to the final questions. And so it makes us feel we're pretty close. One of the things that's not clear is whether our approval would come at the same time or was the FDA might choose to move to competitors at the same time could be a factor. So we're saying based on everything we know probably Q3, but we just can't be any more specific than that.
Josh Jennings -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Understood. And just in terms of low risk approval in the label. I think you've been clear you don't expect any kind of exclusion of bicuspid, I just wanted to sanity check that that's still your view. But to follow up on top of that is, I mean could you have a labeling advantage in the early days of low risk approval? It's our understanding that the Medtronic bicuspid arm is still enrolling just gotten started enrolling couple of months ago. Could you have an advantage in the bicuspid segment for a period until Medtronic gets that data together? Thanks for taking the questions.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks. Yeah, I'll just remind the audience that bicuspid is not contraindicated today and we do not expect it to be contraindicated in the label or in the future. You saw Raj Makkar's data, which was quite encouraging. So I'm not sure it's going to be much of a competitive dynamic going forward. We feel comfortable that it will be treated in the future much like it is today.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Chris Pasquale with Guggenheim. Please proceed.
Chris Pasquale -- Guggenheim -- Analyst
Yeah, thanks. Congrats on the quarter guys. So Mike just start off with how close is CLASP IID into completing enrollment? Just trying to get a better sense for the regulatory timeline there?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks. So we've been enrolling for a while. It's proceeding largely as planned. We're continuing to activate more centers. I don't think we have anything more to share on that. We really haven't laid out what we think it's going to take us. This is the first time that we've been engaged in a mitral transcatheter trial just like this. But it is going largely as we planned.
Chris Pasquale -- Guggenheim -- Analyst
Okay. Can you talk a little bit more about the tricuspid opportunity? We haven't seen a ton of data yet on these devices in that position, but you guys are moving ahead into two trials that suggests you're encouraged by what you're seeing. What types of patients you're looking to treat new studies? Is there going to be any difference in terms of how you set up the one for Cardioband versus PASCAL? Anything you can share there would be helpful.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks. So this is really going to be new for these patients. Today they don't have very much options. One of the reasons that we're enthused as clinicians are enthused when they say we really could use a transcatheter option to be able to help these patients. As we mentioned earlier on the call, we actually have done three early feasibility studies in the tricuspid position and even though each of those systems behave differently. We've consistently heard back that patients really get an improvement in their quality of life following that. Now of course that's anecdotal we need to do that in a high-quality fashion. We really have not defined the clinical trial at this point. We're working with FDA at this point, but it's going to be some kind of a trial that actually compares it to medical management probably. And so it will be back fundamental.
Chris Pasquale -- Guggenheim -- Analyst
Thanks.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Raj Denhoy with Jefferies. Please proceed.
Raj Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Yeah, hi, good afternoon. I wonder if I could maybe get your thoughts on the NCD, the expanded NCD or the updated and see that came out a few weeks ago. Any thoughts on what impact that will have on the market and are you seeing new centers already starting to gear up to start offering TAVR?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks for the question Raj. So yeah, we often think that the primary risk that have faced severe aortic stenosis patients is not the treatment complications, but the risk of not receiving treatment at all and we really commend CMS for a thoughtful approach that I think really is going to modernize the requirements and it will be more streamlined for patients. We know that there are a number of centers that are anxious to open TAVR programs and when we look ahead, we say it's reasonable to estimate that approximately 200 new sites could achieve eligibility to initiate a TAVR program by the end of 2020.
Raj Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
And in that context, what's your sense on how expansive that will be procedure volumes versus sort of cannibalizing patients that would have been referred previously?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. We don't know this for sure, but based on our past experience, we think new centers often mean new patients. We think that often patients are trapped in the referral pathways and don't necessarily get referred out to other larger centers. So we think it is going to be additive. But overall, remember that we have an estimate that the overall opportunity is going to grow to $7 billion by 2024 which infers a pretty significant growth rate between now and then. And we think that's all part of it. The NCD kind of turned out the way we had hoped it would turn out and had planned for it to turn out. So not really outside of our existing guidance.
Raj Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
That's great. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Danielle Antalffy with SVB Leerink. Please proceed.
Danielle Antalffy -- SVB Leerink -- Analyst
Hey, good afternoon guys. Thanks so much for taking the question. Congrats on a really good quarter. And Mike, I wish it was a birthday party. But anyway, just a quick question on, you mentioned that a lot of these page, or you didn't say a lot. I'm sorry, you've mentioned that some of these patients might have been borderline patients, do you have any sense of how many patients would be considered borderline? And maybe to answer this question, do you have any a better way would be to look at age? Any sense of where the age is creeping right now? Is it still about average age of 80? Is it moving well or have you seen in this quarter?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks, Danielle, I appreciate the favorable comments. You know what, we just don't have anything quantifiable. What we hear back is pretty anecdotal. So I really can't track it for you. The borderline patients we don't think was the majority, we think it was a factor. But we just think that for whatever reason, there was an acceleration. So we track what's going on in age, but that generally lags by a quarter or two. So we don't have a really clear handle on that at this time.
Danielle Antalffy -- SVB Leerink -- Analyst
Yeah. Okay, that's totally fair. And then just a quick follow-up on Europe and following up on Joanne's question around cost and just wondering what's happening as you have conversations with some of the healthcare systems over in Europe because some of the feedback I got at PCR was we love SAPIEN 3, but it's too expensive and we actually can't grow volumes because we're limited by the cost of the valve they need to get cheaper they need to get cheaper. What are you hearing, I understand you guys have been very disciplined about price, but not even as it relates to competition, but just from a volume perspective and act -- patient access in Europe and how might you address that longer term?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks Danielle. Yeah, we think some of the healthcare systems in Europe aren't fully prepared to pay for the quality and value that goes along with therapies like TAVR. Actually, I think when you compare with the value that it adds to the system. What it would cost to add a quality year of life and so forth, TAVR compares wonderfully with so many other therapies. We need to do a better job of influencing the policy makers about the importance of this therapy and that's really what's key for us. We can understand why physicians are in a tough place, they have to live within the existing reimbursement system, but we think in some cases they don't fully reflect the value of the technology. That's our job to do.
Danielle Antalffy -- SVB Leerink -- Analyst
Thank you so much.
Operator
Thank you. Our last question will come from the line of Pito Chickering with Deutsche Bank. Please proceed.
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my questions and fitting in on to the end of this call. Couple of questions. The first one, can you refresh us on the number of centers in the U.S. that are using Ultra? What is the order rate for these centers on Ultra versus SAPIEN 3? And how quickly are you converting into 100% of Ultra?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
So I don't know the number of Ultra in the U.S. It's a small number. We were further along in Europe. We didn't give a projection of how far we were going to be overall, we did say that we thought it would account for the majority of procedures in Europe, before the end of the year and that ultimately we think that the Ultra system will replace SAPIEN 3 in all geographies.
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Okay. And then two housekeeping questions. What impact discontinuing CENTERA have in your gross margins? Now as you shift more valves into Ultra in Europe, how should we think about how that impacts your gross margins as they need to ramp up two production line to full capacity?
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
So you're saying, how is our gross margin impacted by the switch to Ultra from SAPIEN 3?
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Yes.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, thanks, Pito. We think that's pretty, it's pretty negligible. CENTERA would have been a more expensive system to make, but Ultra is comparable to the SAPIEN 3.
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Great. Thanks so much.
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Sure. All right. Well thank you everybody for your continued interest in Edwards. Scott, Mark and I welcome any additional questions by telephone. And with that, now back to you, Mark.
Mark Wilterding -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Thanks, Scott (sic) [ Mike ]. And thank you all for joining us on today's call. Reconciliations between GAAP and non-GAAP numbers mentioned during the call, which include underlying sales and growth rates as well as amounts adjusted for special items are included in today's press release and can be found in the Investor Relations section of the website at edwards.com. If you missed any portion of today's call, replay will be available for 72 hours. To access this, please dial 877-660-6853 or 201-612-7415 and use the conference ID number 13691682. Additionally, an audio replay will be available on the Investor Relations section of the Edwards Lifesciences website. Thank you.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 59 minutes
Call participants:
Mark Wilterding -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Michael Mussallem -- Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
Scott Ullem -- Corporate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Bob Hopkins -- Bank of America -- Analyst
David Lewis -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Vijay Kumar -- Evercore ISI -- Analyst
Larry Biegelsen -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Joanne Wuensch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Robbie Marcus -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Cecilia Furlong -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst
Matt Taylor -- UBS -- Analyst
Matt Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Josh Jennings -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Chris Pasquale -- Guggenheim -- Analyst
Raj Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Danielle Antalffy -- SVB Leerink -- Analyst
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
