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Eastman Chemical Co (EMN 0.42%)
Q4Â 2019 Earnings Call
Jan 31, 2020, 8:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good day everyone and welcome to the Eastman Chemical Fourth Quarter Full Year 2019 Conference Call. This conference is being recorded. This call is being broadcast live on the Eastman's website www.eastman.com.
We will now turn the call over to Mr. Greg Riddle of Eastman Chemical Company, Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Thank you. Deanna, and good morning everyone and thanks for joining us. On the call with me today are Mark Costa, Board Chair and CEO; Curt Espeland, Executive Vice President and CFO; Willie McLain, Vice President, Finance; and Jake LaRoe Manager, Investor Relations.
Before we begin, I'll cover two items. First, during this presentation, you will hear certain forward-looking statements concerning our plans and expectations. Actual results or events concerning our plans and expectations could change. Certain factors related to future expectations are or will be detailed in the company's fourth quarter and full year 2019 financial results news release, during this call and in the accompanying slides, and in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Form 10-Q filed for third quarter 2019 and the Form 10-K to be filed for full year 2019.
Second, earnings referenced in this presentation excludes certain non-core and unusual items. Reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures and other associated disclosures, including a description of the excluded and adjusted items are available in the fourth quarter and full year 2019 financial results news release, which could be found on our website www.eastman.com in the Investors section. Projections of future earnings exclude any non-core unusual or non-recurring items.
With that I will turn the call over to Mark.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks Greg and good morning everyone. I'll begin with the full year 2019 highlights on page 3. 2019 was a significant year of macroeconomic challenges, that continue to get tougher through the year. I am incredibly proud of how Eastman employees around the world responded to these challenges and stepped up to the plate to deliver; almost $400 million in new business revenue closes from innovation led by Advanced Materials, which has achieved a decade of EBIT growth in 2019.
We delivered on our cost management targets, while we continue to make progress on our innovation programs. I'm also proud of how our cash engine generated free cash flow at a record level of almost $1.1 billion for the third consecutive year. Although, we aren't satisfied with our earnings performance, in what was a difficult environment, we are well positioned for earnings growth in 2020 and going forward.
Here are few highlights from 2019; first, we're celebrating Eastman centennial this year. Our 100-year history is filled with many successes and meaningful innovations that have enhanced the quality of life in a material way. The segment that best demonstrates its innovative spirit is Advanced Materials, which delivered impressive results, considering the challenging macro environment. Advanced Materials greatly outperformed its underlying markets, despite this exposure to transportation on several other consumer discretionary markets. And as our free cash flow results demonstrate, we can consistently deliver in any environment.
We continue to push our cash to work in a disciplined way, including significant delevering, which will remain a priority for us in 2020. Bolt-on M&A, like you saw with Marlotherm and INACSA this year, two great businesses opening up new markets for our technologies. And capital returns through a combination of share repurchases and dividends, which have increased for 10 consecutive years.
Finally on a personal note, I want to highlight the Curt Espeland, our CFO of 11 years, has elected to retire in 2020, after nearly a quarter century of service. Curt's a hugely talented financial professional and has had an extraordinary career, I'm personally very grateful for his pragmatic leadership and the vital role he has played in the portfolio transformation, which has been a foundational element of our strategy to become a leading specialty materials company.
I'd also like to share that I have every confidence in Curt's successor, Willie McLain. Willie has been a key player to Eastman for 20 years, and has worked closely Curt as part of our long-term succession planning process. He has a proven experienced leader with deep knowledge of Eastman's financial organization, businesses, and capital markets, which will be integral as we continue the company's transformation.
With that, I'll hand the call over to Curt, to review some financial results, his final quarterly review, as he closes this chapter and opens another.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks Mark and good morning everyone. First of all, I appreciate the kind words. Mark and want to thank you, the Board and all the men and women at Eastman for allowing me to serve as the CFO since 2008. It has been a real honor. I'd also like to reiterate that Willie is absolutely the right CFO to take Eastman forward and is supported by very talented talented and motivated team in Eastman. We are in good hands.
With that said, let me start on slide 4. For the full year, revenue EBIT and EPS all declined as global growth decelerated and trade disputes created uncertainty for Eastman and our customers. At a corporate level, lower volumes due to destocking and reduced primary demand, alongside a strong dollar, contributed the most to the year-over-year decline in earnings. The lower volume resulted in lower utilization rates, variable margin spreads were flat at a corporate level for the year. Despite the difficult economic environment, we delivered strong growth across many of our innovative products, particularly in Advanced Materials.
Similar with the trends for the full year, fourth quarter results were impacted by a slowdown in the global economy, on top of normal seasonality. Revenue decreased mostly due to lower selling prices, as a result of lower raw material prices. EBIT increased slightly due to lower raw material costs and improved product mix. In an environment like we are in now, we remain focused on what we can control, closing new business revenue, reducing costs and generating strong free cash flow.
Moving now to segment results and starting with Advanced Materials; considering the business environment in 2019, full year performance was solid, with EBIT growing over 3%. While Advanced Materials had challenges in the early part of 2019, once destocking had largely played out in the supply chain between the U.S. and China, volumes return to a more normal level and the segment's innovation programs drove growth. The results in Advanced Materials are a great example of the importance of innovation. The core business was not immune due to the challenges with global trade uncertainty and transportation, but premium products provided resilience. We are also able to realize spread expansion in the second half, as lower cost raws flowed through and we remain disciplined on pricing.
Looking at the fourth quarter; revenue EBIT increased due to strong volume and more favorable product mix. Ahead in 2020, we expect to deliver another year of EBIT growth in this segment, as we benefit from both continued progress, growing new business revenue from innovation and a dollar headwind on foreign currency exchange rates. As a result, we expect Advanced Materials EBIT to be up mid single digits in 2020.
Now moving to Additives & Functional Products on slide 6; unlike Advanced Materials, AFP was impacted more gradually with destocking picking up through 2019. While primary demand in many of the geographies we serve was decelerating, particularly in China and Europe. I'm encouraged that two-thirds of AFP delivered solid results in this environment, including strong growth in care chemicals, water treatment, and specialty fluids, as well as spread expansion across the portfolio.
We also had some challenges in this part of the segment, including slow demand in China for autos and disruptions in the ag market in China. All in, the bulk of AFPs businesses are performing how a specialty business should perform in this environment. The remaining one-third of the business, adhesives tires and formic acids, that we previously called at our third quarter call, contributed the significant majority of the earnings decline for the year. We are continuing to actively work on solutions for this part of the segment. Looking ahead to 2020, we expect solid growth in the two-thirds, offset by continued challenges in the one-third, impacting both spreads and volumes. Putting it all together, we expect AFPs EBIT to be flat to slightly down, compared to 2019.
Turning now to slide 7 in Chemical Intermediates; for the full year and the fourth quarter, sales revenue decreased for the reasons summarized on the slide. In the fourth quarter, EBIT decreased, mostly due to increased planned shutdown costs. As 2019 progressed and industry activity slowed, spreads in many of our derivative product lines declined, but we now think we're seeing signs of stabilization at this point. We expect to carry the lower level of spreads in the back half of 2019 into 2020, which will be a headwind in the first half of the year, but we also expect to see higher volumes at ag, as North America gets back to a more normal planting season, and we're expecting to see the benefits of our cost management programs and other stabilizing actions. All in, we think Chemical Intermediates EBIT in 2020 will be lower than 2019.
Finishing up the segment views, with Fibers on slide 8, revenue and EBIT declined in full year 2019 due to general market decline for acetate tow, and some chunkiness related to customer buying patterns. Fourth quarter EBIT was up due to increased tow volumes in China. In the textiles market, we continue to make progress with our key initiatives, including growth in women's wear, which was up approximately 20% this year. This progress was offset by softness in the global market for more traditional textile applications.
In 2020, we expect acetate tow to be down slightly, consistent with the market. For Textiles. We expect continued strong growth in key end markets such as women's wear to be offset by a softer overall textile market, impacting our more traditional textile applications. Putting it together, we expect Fibers segment EBIT in 2020 to be slightly lower than 2019, consistent with the market.
I'll finish with some financial highlights on slide 9; free cash flow was strong at almost $1.1 billion, sustaining the record level we achieved in 2018. Another great result delivered by a variety of BA teams across Eastman. We also continued our track record of returning cash to owners and reducing debt, which both created value for our stockholders. Reducing debt will remain a top priority in 2020, and we expect to de-lever greater than $400 million this upcoming year, further improving the strength of our balance sheet.
Our tax rate was approximately 15.5% for the full year and I expect the 2020 tax rate to be similar to 2019 in that 15% to 16% range. Capital expenditures for the year are expected to be $450 million to $475 million in 2020. The main driver behind the planned increase in capital spending, is associated with site tenant projects, which will be reimbursed across other lines of the cash flow statement over a number of periods.
Finally, don't miss the modeling slide in the appendix as well as our manufacturing shutdown scheduled for this year. One final comment on the appendix; in 2020, we project that depreciation and amortization will decline approximately $50 million, as part of the Taminco acquisition, Eastman mark-to-market and advantage methanol contract and certain other assets with a five year life. With the expiration of this advantage contract at the end of 2019, market based methanol purchases in 2020 will substantially offset the $30 million reduced amortization of the Taminco methanol contract.
With that, I'll turn it back to Mark.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Kurt. Now turning to our 2020 outlook on slide 10. As we all know, we are currently in a dynamic and certain macro environment. Despite this uncertainty, we needed to make a series of assumptions for our outlook. First, we expect modest volume growth and mix improvement from three factors. We are assuming global industrial production growth to be similar to '19. Second, we are expecting that destocking is predominantly behind us, although there may be some pockets where there is more to go, such as North American ag. Third, we expect to create our own growth through market development and innovation.
In 2020, we have a number of additional item and certain tailwinds. We expect our operating costs will be lower by $20 million to $40 million for the year, reflecting continued progress on productivity, and this is above offsetting normal inflation which is between $75 million and $100 million annually. We expect pension costs will be lower by about $25 million, and we also expect lower depreciation expense to be about a $20 million net benefit to EBIT, as Curt mentioned in his remarks. All in, these tailwinds total approximately $75 million. And we have a few headwinds for the year, such as higher variable comp and increased benefit comps, as we return to target levels, and a somewhat stronger U.S. dollar compared to the euro, with an assumption of exchange rate averages at $1.10 for the year. Together with a few other small items, we expect a headwind of $85 million.
In addition, we are expecting spreads to be lower, primarily in Chemical Intermediates and the one-third of AFP. This reflects the fact that these spreads in 2019 declined through the year, especially as a trade war escalated, and therefore we enter this year at a lower level relative to the first half of '19. Lastly, you should expect that we continue to be disciplined, as we allocate capital, including delevering, share repurchases, and bolt-on acquisitions, where they make sense.
Putting this altogether, we expect our 2020 EPS will be slightly -- will be between $7.20 and $7.60, with the first quarter EPS coming in flat to slightly down from the year ago quarter. We also expect our full year free cash flow to be between $1.0 billion to $1.1 billion. Of course, there are macroeconomic factors that could move us above or below this range. As we get through this short-term uncertainty, we expect we will have a more informed view in April, and we'll adjust as necessary at that time.
Next, I'm going to discuss actions we are taking to increase performance in 2020 and for the next three years. First on slide 11; new business revenue from innovation. For those that follow Eastman, this won't be a new concept, as we made great progress. Key to our success has been our innovation-driven growth model, and in particular, the investment we've made in application development capability. In 2017, our new business revenue was approximately $300 million. By '19, we had increased it to $400 million and in '20, we expect new business revenue approach $500 million. The segment-leading the way, is Advanced Materials, which has numerous examples of innovative products driving new business revenues. They include Tritan copolyester, Saflex acoustic interlayers, heads up display interlayers and paint protection films. And with our two new commercial Chemical recycling technologies, we have enhanced our offering, especially plastics, for several applications such as cosmetics, ophthalmics, toys and more.
And while Advanced Materials has made the most progress, Additives and Functional Products is poised to make significant contribution in the coming years. We're getting commercial orders in a large number of innovation platforms, including Tetrashield for PPA non-intent food packaging and auto coatings, specialty ketone for sustainable coating solutions, next generation Crystex for tires and we have several new platforms, we will discuss with you throughout the year.
Lastly, I'd add that we have made great progress at Naia cellulosic yarn in the textiles markets, where we're particularly excited about our growth in women's wear. The offering of a biobase yarn, that uses cellulosics from certified sustainably managed forests is compelling in a market, where sustainability is a driving consumer behavior.
Now with our Circular Economy technology, we will commercialize Naia with recycled content, which makes the consumer even more excited and more compelled to buy our product. Overall, we've made outstanding progress in driving new business revenue. This has made our results more resilient in the current difficult environment, and it positions us for strong growth, as the economy rebounds.
The next year I'll cover is on slide 12; and it's about our investments in building an even more capable and efficient organization to execute our strategy. We are making great progress in our commercial capability. We implemented an improved business operating model, that is dramatically enhancing our decision-making to deliver growth and manage costs. We're also seeing significant improvement with our CRM investments, and are making several other digital investments. And application development investments are helping accelerate our commercialization rate of our innovation programs.
At the same time, we're also driving efficiency in how we offset inflation and these investment costs. As you can see with the bar graph, we are a disciplined operator in how we manage our costs relative to our peers, especially with this level of innovation efforts in our portfolio. And in these uncertain times, we are going to step up productivity significantly, as I mentioned on the third quarter call. We have developed a program to reduce our cost structure, net of inflation, by greater than $100 million, and as I said, we will get $20 million to $40 million of it, in 2020.
We will achieve these results in three areas; first, site optimization will allow us to adjust our footprint to these new market conditions. One example is our Singapore plant that makes olefins. We have made the difficult decision to not renew our raw material supply contract by the end of 2020, giving us options to realize $25 million of benefits. We also have a few other sites under consideration in the one-third of AFP.
Second, we have digital and other productivity investments. We have a wide range of productivity initiatives across maintenance, energy efficiency, improving yield and business process improvements. Third, we are driving supply chain optimization, as we look at opportunities across the globe, to adjust to changes in customer and geographic mix. In today's world, we must build our capability, continue to improve our safety performance, and at the same time, improve our cost structure to win.
On slide 13, in addition to building an even more capable and efficient organization, there are additional actions we are taking to improve our performance. First, better leveraging our sites could yield $30 million to $60 million in recurring EBIT by the end of three years. For example, we recently welcomed two new strategic tenants to our site in Texas City, Gulf Coast Ammonia and Air Products. At our site in St. Gabriel, Louisiana, we are building a new asset leveraging integration in alkylamines, to support [Indecipherable] innovative growth of their [Indecipherable] system, and we have several additional opportunities in development.
Second, we also see an opportunity to develop -- to step up our level of licensing, that could contribute another $25 million to $50 million in EBIT to our results in the next three years. Eastman has a rich portfolio of innovative technologies, that have significant value, such as olefins and acetyls, and a strong history of licensing.
We expect to step up this value creation with the partnership we have had with JM Davy technologies, which is expected to create a meaningful benefit in 2020. We developed a new mono ethylene glycol technology that could use a variety of raw materials, including coal, natural gas or biomass, unlike the majority of the world MEG, which is currently made from ethylene. This is the first of a number of agreements in the works.
Lastly, as we discussed in October, on our third quarter call, we remain fully committed to taking actions in the one-third of AFP, that has demonstrated more volatility than we expected in this challenging environment. These actions could be restructuring, partnerships or potential divestment. We are actively looking at all these options recognizing that they'd be sensitive to current market conditions. These actions, better leveraging our sites, stepping up licensing and portfolio optimization will continue to create value for Eastman, and are important contributors to our success in 2020 and for the next few years.
Finally on slide 14, let me bring everything together. I just shared with you our multi-year plan of actions we will take to improve performance in the coming years and win. Yet, none of this happens without the dedication and persistence of the people of Eastman, who continue to rise to the occasion and prove every day that they are the get it done team and bring to life, our commitment of enhancing the quality of life in a material way.
When the macroeconomic challenges reverse and we know they will, it's our innovative driven growth model that will allow us to be poised to create even more of our own growth, through innovation and leadership in specialty markets. In the meantime, big picture, we will continue to focus on what we can control and remain committed to long-term attractive earnings growth, and sustainable value creation forerunners, and for all of our stakeholders.
With that, I'll turn it back to Greg.
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
All right, thanks Mark. As usual, we've got a lot of people on the line this morning and we'd like to get to as many questions as possible. So I ask that you please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. With that, Deanna, we are ready for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions]. We will now take our first question from Vincent Andrews from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Vincent Andrews -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Thank you. Good morning everyone. Mark, maybe you could just talk about the volume growth in Advanced Materials, which continues to be impressive on an absolute and relative basis, versus what we're hearing elsewhere. Can you maybe just talk about how insulated or how much of a moat you have around that volume? We're hearing sort of generically, a pickup in competitive behavior and decreases in pricing and pricing is still holding up well. So how are you staying so differentiated there in an obviously difficult environment?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks Vincent. Good morning. Yeah, great question and it's really the heart of the whole company strategy around having a innovation-driven growth model, as a way you create your own growth in tough environments, as well as defend your margins. Across the entire segment, we've been investing in innovation and this is -- 2019 is sort of our decade of continuous earnings growth through it.
The differentiation really comes from innovating differentiated and sustainable products that are important to the marketplace. So our Triton success, which is a patented proprietary product being the only solution that is BPA free for polycarbonate placement, continues to have tremendous success in housewares and durables, and now growing in medical and that's just the story that continues to deliver performance. It's the same thing with heads up display interlayers and acoustic interlayers, where you can significantly enhance the driver experience and enable lightweighting in a car, and where we have not just this generation, but are now launching the next generation of even better HUD in acoustic as we speak, and this year to continue to drive differentiation and growth in that space. Same thing with paint protection films, where we've launched the best product to the marketplace last year, rolled out new software where we have the best cutting software support for the dealers. So it's always about enhancing and developing new features and growing these businesses at much higher rates than the underlying market.
This segment has a lot of consumer discretionary exposure, whether its autos or appliances or electronics that the underlying markets are down and we felt that some -- in our core interlayers or some of our core copolyesters. But it's that innovation allows you to continue to grow, and why our model works so well
Vincent Andrews -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Okay. And as a follow-up, could I just ask you that -- I believe you said you planned on paying down more debt this year versus last year with a similar amount of free cash flow. So I'm just curious what's driving that decision versus share repurchases, and congrats to Curt.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks Vince For the question and the comment as well. So as you know, we are always disciplined with our capital allocation across those buckets of share repurchases, bolt-on acquisitions and pay down of debt. And we you consider all three of them as very viable ways to create value for our stockholders. So as we finish 2019, we ended up shifting our cap allocation of that excess cash toward more further de-levering as a priority, and as Mark mentioned, that's going to continue in 2020. So the result was that, we used $370 million of our free cash flow for pay down versus the original $300 million that we promised.
So what we're looking at now for -- if you look at 2020, that kind of discipline is going to be maintained. So we're kind of looking at -- if you think about that, $1 billion to $1.1 billion and let's just take the midpoint of $1.050 billion. So $350 million of it will go kind of toward that increasing dividend that we're very proud of. Greater than $400 million will be used to reduce debt at a minimum. And then I'm sorry -- and at a minimum, we will repurchase shares to offset dilution, which is roughly $50 million. So that remaining $200 million to $300 million of free cash flow is going to be applied for acquisitions, additional share repurchases or further debt pay down, and really that's going to depend how the macro environment plays out, and that we will probably kind of hold that extra choices till the second half of this year, just so we have more time to see how it plays out.
Operator
And we will now take our next question
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Operator, can we have the...
Operator
Our next question comes from David Begleiter from Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead, your line is open.
David Begleiter -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Thank you. Good morning. Mark, on the one-third of AFP that you've identified for potential action here. Have you -- how much more clarity do you have on a potential option today than you did three months ago, and are outright sales possible or even likely for some of these businesses? Thank you.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks David. Good morning. So we are looking at all the options. This environment requires us to be thoughtful about what options makes sense. Certainly, we're looking at everything we can do on the restructuring front, and driving both innovation as well as how it optimizes the cost structure in this environment, and then we're looking at partnering and divestment options, as things we consider. Divestment is certainly in the consideration set, but we've got to make sure we don't overreact to short-term challenges in the marketplace, make sure we understand the impact of the restructuring activities for understanding both, the qualities, businesses, as well as how we position them to a potential new owner. So we're going to keep driving it forward and we'll update you, when we have more clarity.
David Begleiter -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
And Mark just on -- in the businesses that saw destocking over the last three to five quarters, etc, is all that do you think done, and where do we stand with supply chains and inventory levels heading into 2020 across your businesses? Any customers? Thank you.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, I'd say, across the entire company in most places. I think we've seen channels destock in Advanced Materials. I think the destocking has run its course, and even maybe a little bit of stabilization and inventory management, in a few of those businesses. In AFP, I'd say it's mostly destocked in the channels and we're more looking at where primary demand goes at this point. As I mentioned ag & Functional means and CI is one place where you could see some additional destocking here in the first quarter. We do believe in net volume growth for that business, assuming a normal weather pattern here in North America, but it may not be as dramatic as we still have a bit of inventory to work off. But I would say in North America, where the economy has been stronger, there is probably people sitting on a bit more inventory than where Asian and European customers are. So there is always a risk, if the U.S. economy slows down, you could see a better destocking there. So we'll just have to see how it plays out. But I do think net-net, the vast majority the destocking is behind us, and that lack of it will provide some volume growth this year versus last year, assuming similar economic growth between the two years.
David Begleiter -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
We will now take our next question from PJ Juvekar from Citi. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Prashant Juvekar -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Yes, thank you. First of all, Curt, congratulations on your retirement.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, PJ,
Prashant Juvekar -- Citigroup -- Analyst
And congrats to Eastman as well for your centennial year. I know it's not easy to survive for 100 years, through all the depressions and wars and all that. So congratulations.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you. We're proud of it.
Prashant Juvekar -- Citigroup -- Analyst
So, a question on some of Taminco assets; care chemicals. I think they have a lot of pass-through pricing, feed additives, and in the last quarter you had mentioned about Asian swine flu. So can you just update on some of those intermediate products? Thank you.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Overall, the Taminco businesses are doing great across the portfolio, with the exception of the formic acid business that we called out in the third quarter, which was a small acquisition Taminco had done, just ahead of us buying Taminco. But when we look at the core alklyamine platform, which is what we are centering acquiring care chemicals, has delivered really strong growth and very stable margins as you just highlighted, with cost pass-through contracts.
Water treatment is having really great growth in this environment, with the environmental trends out there and again, doing quite well, stable margins. And then as you look at the functional means going into ag, those -- again very stable margins, given the market structures and the contracts we have in place. Obviously, there is demand that goes up and down with the seasons.
But overall, the whole portfolio has really been been great. The management team has been great. We've had phenomenal retention of the talent and the cost structure has been well managed.
Prashant Juvekar -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Thank you. And then for my follow up, I have sort of a big picture question. I know you've done some bolt on acquisitions over the years, but stayed away from any major M&A since Solutia deal. So in this slow environment, why not use low rates to get some growth? One company in Wilmington has some businesses for sale, especially in transportation, I know this is a large deal, but would you have risk appetite in looking at a deal of that size?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
So PJ, I think we've been really proud of the portfolio transformation, way ahead of what people are doing in the industry now, where we divested $3.5 billion of revenue of underperforming businesses, and did great acquisitions with Solutia and Taminco and some bolt-ons to add $4.2 billion of great attractive businesses. So I think we have a very impressive track record of not just doing good acquisitions at good prices, where we paid nine times EBITDA for the things that we bought, and have delivered very attractive returns with the synergies that we delivered. So we're very much open to portfolio management, both in and out of the portfolio. But when we look at the market conditions right now, they seem to be very expensive, and so we don't see that there is opportunities out there, especially large ones that are financially attractive.
More importantly, we like the portfolio that we have, and we've been focused on making sure we deliver return to our shareholders for the money that we spent on these acquisitions up through '14, and deliver growth and I think we've done that quite well. If you look at the two specialty businesses, we've had before the trade war started, over $600 million EBITDA growth from '14 to '18, one third of that was acquisition, but two thirds of it was organic growth that came from these acquisitions, as well as the core Eastman businesses. So we feel good about how we can integrate acquisitions. So I'm not saying we'll never do anything, but large ones right now don't seem necessary or financially prudent.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And PJ If I could add, I'm still a traditionalist and since Willie and I both went to the same MBA school, I think it will continue. And that is, when we look at investments, whether it's acquisitions or organic growth, we look at things on an unlevered basis. So that way, we make sure we're driving good value without considering the leverage. And then once we find good opportunities and/or growth programs, we find great ways to finance it. So we'll continue to look at things in a disciplined, unlevered basis.
Prashant Juvekar -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Our next question comes from Matthew DeYoe with Bank of America. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Matthew DeYoe -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Good morning. So, by my numbers, raw materials and Advanced Materials were maybe something like a $50 million tailwind to the second half of '19, and you mentioned giving some of that back with lower prices, but I think things get fairly sticky with Triton, and you did absorb a lot of inflation in 2018. So when it comes to 2020, where should we think about annualization of the second half tailwinds? Should there be more give back? Is there more opportunity, yeah, if you can expand on that.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. If you look at Advanced Materials, the main driver of their growth continues to be innovation and volume growth, and then there is an opportunity to really keep pricing off of what we'd call the product performance. There is some input costs that do vary, and they did have some tailwind in 2019. I think some of that will moderate, but it will still be there. And I think they've shown good discipline on pricing of their products, relative to the performance it provides. And so that's why we think this business will grow at mid-single digits EBIT in 2020.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
We do -- I mean we do expect prices to come down a little bit, as you share some of the raw material value. We've had thorough conversations with investors on previous calls on this topic, but we expect to hold onto a good portion of it. More importantly, we're going to have volume and mix growth, that is the heart of our strategy across the company, as well as the fixed cost leverage and other cost management activities that sort of flow into the segment.
Matthew DeYoe -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Okay. And then I know you plan on the bolt-on [Phonetic], a little bit more of this to come, but opportunities at Crystex, you doubled capacity in Malaysia and the market has been under pressure since. So I got to think that some are older cats and dogs out there, like these facilities, can you imagine opportunities for footprint rationalization there?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
So that's one of the areas, where we've added advantaged technology with the capacity that we added, that produces a far better product, which we call Cure Pro, relative to the current product we make, as well as our competitors. So we can help customers improve their tire mixing efficiency by 10% to 20% on their tire plants. So the new capacity is also differentiated and advantaged, and we are now looking at the overall footprint in this business. Just look at where demand is, where we expect demand to grow, what sort of assets really makes sense in that, and then we'll make some decisions on what's appropriate as we go forward.
Matthew DeYoe -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Next question comes from Kevin McCarthy from Vertical Research Partners. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Kevin McCarthy -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst
Yes, good morning. Mark. I'm intrigued by your program to leverage your sites, I think you indicated $30 million to $60 million of benefit on the EBIT line over the next three years. Can you talk a little bit about, which sites are in play? Are there any beyond for the GCA and Air Products project at Texas City? How will that flow through over the next three years, and which segments might be affected?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
So we did an acquisition at Sterling, the Texas City site, which is just a phenomenal site, when you look at the scale, infrastructure, ports, rail everything. It's just a great opportunity to leverage, and this is a great example -- one of I think several that will have at Texas City, and how we can sort of provide that site opportunity and the Gulf Coast Ammonia and the Air Products project set a great example of what several other opportunities could look like.
So I'd see multiple things there. I'd say what we're doing at St. Gabriel is more unique to supporting [Indecipherable] off our alkylamine platform. But there are other sites around the world we're looking at. But I do think it can be substantial and very reliably and predictable earnings.
William T. McLain, Jr. -- Vice President of Finance
Yes, Kevin, this is Willie, if I may add, I would also highlight the fact that on a segment basis that we would see that primarily benefiting CI and the Additives & Functional products businesses today. But as we think about further integration beyond those two projects, it could benefit other assets as well.
Kevin McCarthy -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst
Okay. Then a financial question for Curt or Willie perhaps, you've raised your dividend for 10 years in a row, would you expect that streak to continue, notwithstanding the current choppy industrial production environment? What is the level of commitment to long-term growth there, recognizing that it's ultimately a Board decision?
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Kevin, to your point, it is definitely -- we collaborate with the Board on that decision. I think you will also see that we moderated our dividend as our dividend payout ratio is -- I'll call it, gotten back in line with where we would expect it to be, post the Solutia and Taminco acquisition. and as we think about future growth, we will continue to grow it, but it will be based on the long-term expectation, consistent with how we have in the past.
Kevin McCarthy -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst
Thank you. And Curt, it has been a pleasure. Willie, we look forward to working with you.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks Kevin.
Operator
Our next question comes from Jim Sheehan from SunTrust Robinson Humphrey. Please go ahead, your line is open.
James Sheehan -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Yes, thank you. Curious about your comments on an advantaged methanol contract that's expiring, are you going to be exposed to a lot more methanol price volatility, and in which segments would that occur and how would you expect to deal with it?
William T. McLain, Jr. -- Vice President of Finance
Yes, this is Willie. What I would tell you is, we're diversified across our methanol exposure as we think about -- we produce methanol here at our Kingsport site as well as we purchase methanol market-based as well as other benchmark. So I think we've diversified our exposure, as we think about going forward, and that exposure is primarily in our Chemical Intermediates and Additives & Functional Product segments.
James Sheehan -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Thanks. And can you give us your thoughts on the Corona virus impacts in China, what's embedded in your guidance for post-Chinese New Year demand?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
So as I said in our outlook statement, our outlook statement does not include the impact of the Corona virus. I think it's -- we can all agree it's a little too early to call what those impacts were going to be. But most importantly, we're focused on safety and health of the people in China as well as around the world, including our employees, and making sure we're taking the right set of actions which we've implemented around controlling travel within China, travel in and out of China and making sure people are as safe as possible. We do have nine plants in China and two offices. So we're focused on those and there is obviously going to be a delay, based on the Chinese extending the New Year out by one to two weeks, depending on where you look at the location. So we'll have to sort of factor that into our thinking.
I don't think it's a simple conclusion though, where you just look at the impact of what's going to happen to demand in China, which obviously will occur. So our customers will be shut down, but it's important to keep in mind that our competitors are going to be shut down as well, both in China, as well as how they compete around the world. So there is probably some opportunities for us to see some volume improvement outside of China, as a lot of customers have become dependent on some Chinese sources, and we want to make sure we're there to help them, when those sources may not be available, and and help them be a reliable supplier that we're proud of, our more global and diverse and reliable footprint.
James Sheehan -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Our next question comes from Duffy Fischer from Barclays. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Duffy Fischer -- Barclays -- Analyst
Yeah, good morning. I think most of us know we had ag issues here in North America. Curt mentioned some ag issues, it sounds like, in China. So can you just kind of size the headwind that you saw in your ag business last year, and do you think you get all of that back this year to a normalization level?
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, the ag is actually animal nutrition. So it's mostly about in China. So it's mostly about the pig population that was hit by the African swine flu. It's hard to give exact numbers, but somewhere around 30% to 50% reduction in that population, which is a huge consumer of these organic acids, that we and some others sell. So we saw a volume hit associated with that, that's also contributed to some of the pricing challenges in Formic Acid, and a couple other products. So it's really that dynamic. Obviously, they've got that flu under control, the swine flu, and with the rebuilding of that population. So we'll start to see it recover this year and next, but it doesn't snap back like the North American ag market could this year.
Duffy Fischer -- Barclays -- Analyst
Okay. And then on the licensing effort, is that kind of a proactive effort on your side, that will be a lot of little projects, or is that kind of reverse inquiries, where one or two big guys are coming to you for some of your technology and we'll see one or two big lumpy contracts signed?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Well, our historical program is more of the former, where we get some inbound inquiries around acetyls and olefins which we always do. But what we're identifying here and calling out is this value is a more substantial proactive approach. So a number of years ago, we had developed a breakthrough technology to make MEG through an alternate process than ethylene, to leverage coal gasification and we sort of turned down that effort internally, as we focused more on specialty growth.
So we partner with JM Davy to work with us and finish off that technology and take it to market and leveraging their strength as a licensing organization. So we've been in the background working that with them, and they're close to success in the first license. These licenses are are quite large and significant in the scale of what plants will be built. MEG is a critical product and this technology is a lot better than the obsolete technology they've been trying to use, which has some quality problems. So I think it's a great opportunity for sort of multiple licenses as we go forward. Important to remember, these licenses show up in chunky ways. So it's real hard to predict exactly when they're going to hit, and you register the value.
Duffy Fischer -- Barclays -- Analyst
All right, thank you guys.
Operator
We will now take our next question from Frank Mitsch from Fermium Research. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Frank Mitsch -- Fermium Research -- Analyst
Thank you so much and best wishes. Mr. Espeland. I hope our paths continue to cross.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you.
Frank Mitsch -- Fermium Research -- Analyst
Mark, I apologize I didn't quite catch what you were talking about with respect to Singapore and the raw material contract in the order of magnitude there. Can you give a little more detail there?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Sure, I'll start and I'll let Willie finish off. The contract there was a long-term supply contract that we had in place for a number of years, and it's finally coming up for expiration at the end of this year, and it allows us to terminate it and then consider other options, I will let Willie cover what those options are.
William T. McLain, Jr. -- Vice President of Finance
As we consider as other options, obviously we look at our existing footprint and our integrated facilities in Texas to support the Chemical Intermediates business. Obviously, this gives us the ability to use that footprint, the sort of the market and the regions where we are best leveraged to compete, based on the cost curve of that business. But you can think about, probably in 2021, that we would have an improvement of $25 million versus our current run rate.
Frank Mitsch -- Fermium Research -- Analyst
All right, terrific. That's what I thought I heard, but I wanted to clarify that And you also discussed some of the -- in the AFP business, the part that was doing well. You mentioned Specialty Fluids. And I know that that business can be chunky from time to time. Is there -- can you expand upon what might have been the benefit that we saw in 4Q? And is that going to recur in 1Q, in your opinion?
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Yeah, the, the Fluids business has been great and developed a much more robust portfolio of end market applications. So historically, it was very dependent on PET applications, for example on the heat transfer fluids, we've now diversified into LNG facilities and some other things. So we've diversified our market exposure, which is helpful. And we continue to have a very strong competitive position in this business relative to a couple of other small players.
As we see that business continuing on, there is always capital construction cycles, Frank, as you pointed out, where this business will moderate up and down, the solar field sometimes that can be fairly chunky and how they show up. It's also important to mention, that a good portion of this business is the Aviation Fluids business that is actually very steady. This is our hydraulic fluids and turbine oil fluids that go into aircraft, and have a much more stable continuous revenue stream, where we've had great growth in revenue, as well as margin improvement, and that's just been a great acquisition that we've done as well.
Frank Mitsch -- Fermium Research -- Analyst
Very helpful and best wishes for your next 100 years.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
And our next question comes from Bob Koort from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Bob Koort -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Thank you very much. Couple of questions, first, Mark on slide 12, you showed some interesting metrics around R&D and admin to profitability to revenue base. I guess, I'm sort of struck it would seem like that would be more favorable for commodity companies than specialties. I mean, what are the metrics do you look at from a benchmarking standpoint, that can help us sort of dimensionalize your business relative to those peers?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So Bob, I think the point we're trying to make there, is we're a very lean organization that are good stewards of our shareholders' money and trying to make sure every dollar we spend delivers a return. And I'm incredibly proud of how our Chief Technology Officer has, within within the budget, transformed our technology organization in a dramatic way. So we had a lot of projects going on around process development, new technologies that we're going to have a payback for very long time, and you put those to a stop, reorient the organization much more toward application development and product development. But this AD capability we built is really the key to our success, and we've doubled the amount of resources and capability we've had in that business since 2014 to where we are now,within that mix of spend. That AD as we explained in our Innovation Day in '18 is how we can do what our customers do, we can make a tire, we can make a windshield, we can make thermoplastic final products, we can make a coating, and so we can accelerate our innovation, accelerate the value we understand in those formulations and accelerate how we can go to market, not just with our direct customers, but downstream to drive specification through the market, by showing what we can do. So that is really the real test of it and we're, of course, adding the commercial resources, as we gear that side up and find efficiency in the support functions.
The metrics, I think the one that we shared with you, the new business revenue from innovation is the real test. It's the revenue we're getting every year, that's the -- the metric is, year one. So it's really about the next year, when you see that $400 million last year, that's about helping this year. The $500 million we're aiming for this year, will help next year. But we keep very careful track of that and that's the most important metric to sort of say you are getting results from this portfolio. We have a bunch of internal stage gate project metrics and milestones and everything else to have good discipline, to manage our portfolio on a very disciplined way, and we're constantly optimizing and focusing and shifting resources where we see the best value.
Bob Koort -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Got it. That's helpful. Thank you. And then at your third quarter call, it seems you're putting the brakes on a little bit of your working capital and production levels trying to lean out into the end of the year. Do you have any sense or can you help us quantify what that fixed cost absorption pain might have been, and when that might release, as you go through '20? Is the recovery of that an advantage to that, as you go through the year?
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, the way I'd characterize it, where you are seeing that right now is kind of in the margin. So while we were able to implement the cost reduction actions, those cost reduction actions are harder to see COGS and our margins, is because we had to slow down our plans. We don't give our specific utilization rates etc, but when you get our 10-K, you'll see that our finished goods in intermediate products in inventory declined 5%. Some of that is value, but also some of its --- some of the slowdown we did in our production rates. [Multiple Speakers]. And Bob, I'd just add that we're going to be careful about how we run our plants as we go into the first half of this year. So that volume growth is a way to sort of move inventory down and continue -- making progress on that. It's a great opportunity for us to release a lot of cash as we go forward.
Bob Koort -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Thanks guys.
Operator
And our next question comes from Laurence Alexander from Jefferies. Pleas go ahead, your line is open.
Laurence Alexander -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Good morning. Can you give a sense for the recycling technologies, what commodity environments would not be competitive? And secondly, I may have missed this, in terms of the spreads stabilizing in the middle to back half of the year, are you seeing competitor shutdowns helping improve the prospect for the spreads or is it purely tied to your perspective on end market demand?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Okay. Good questions. So the first one on the Circular Economy, at this point with the trends in the marketplace, it's not as much about competing against the price of oil or fossil fuel feedstocks. The train has left the station, right, you've got legislation in Europe and coming in multiple other jurisdictions of banning single use plastics or putting what they call EPRs, Enhanced Producer Responsibility, which is basically taxes on single use plastic. So the drive for recycling and the value that it's putting on it, is creating a real cost choice, not just a consumer preference choice for brands around the world. Even China now is banning plastic bags in all major cities by the end of this year for groceries and things like that.
So the recycled content part, we're really excited about what we're doing, is a critical differentiator for us. Fortunately, we got out of the single use plastic business, so we're not trying to defend it, when we got rid of the PET business in 2011. We're more focused on how we provide solutions to customers around the actual recycled content, as well as put our recycled content in finished products and durables, so whole another differentiation back to Vince's questions earlier, is not only do we have a lot of product differentiation in the performance of the product, we now have a whole new vector of growth in specialty plastics, as well as over in textiles and fibers, by putting recycled content in these products, which is a very significant demand.
And we do think that we will get a premium relative to fossil fuel-based products, for providing these solutions to the marketplace. You can look at rPET through last year in Europe, they traded at roughly a 60% premium to PET in the marketplace. I think that's a bit high. But we do think on a long-term basis and we do think our technologies provide real solutions, because we can access feedstock that's going to landfill not compete against some mechanical recycled streams. So the cost structure for us will be more advantaged for our feedstock, because it has no alternative value, and that's an important differentiator for what we're doing. So we feel really good about that and we feel like, we're in a good differentiated position to sort of move those programs forward in both AM and fibers.
The second question was on spreads in the back half of last year. As we said, you know, spreads declined through the back half relative to the first half of '19, as people realize that the economy was not going to improve with the settlement of the trade war, and so that elongated economic stress led to a more competitive behavior, in particular, CI and that one-third of AFP.
In CI, we do see prices very much stabilizing out relative to competitors, who are hitting their cash cost in Asia. So we have seen that, and we are seeing people will start moderating run rates or potentially shut down plants temporarily. I'm not sure I think any of these plants are going to shut down permanently. So when the market recovers, some of these people will come back in the marketplace, which is why we've been cautious on how we think about spreads this year and we're assuming spreads do not improve this year. And so I think we're in a good place there.
Laurence Alexander -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
And our next question comes from John Roberts from UBS. Please go ahead, your line is open.
John Roberts -- UBS -- Analyst
Yes, best wishes Curt, and welcome Willie. I assume most of the lower raw materials for the overall company are purchased, paraxylene and glycols, but could you talk a little bit about acetyls and propylene? Did the Advanced Materials in fiber segment benefit from the lower acetyls prices? And how does lower propylene play out between C&I and AFP?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
So you're correct polyester benefited from lower PX prices. The olefins benefited from lower ethane and propane prices, as well as a propylene supply contract that's formulated to propane. So we saw a raw material benefits in the olefin chain. On the asset yield chain, we are coal-based on how we make our our asset yields with our gasifier, coal prices have been relatively stable, so there wasn't any tailwind there.
John Roberts -- UBS -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
And our next question comes from Matthew Blair from Tudor Pickering Holt. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Matthew Blair -- Tudor Pickering Holt -- Analyst
Good morning. Willie, could you quantify the currency impact on EPS in 2019?
William T. McLain, Jr. -- Vice President of Finance
Yes, it's basically consistent with what we were saying in Q3, which is about $0.30 a share. So it was slightly up. I'd also remind you that about 85% of that's in our Advanced Materials, and it is in Functional Products businesses.
Matthew Blair -- Tudor Pickering Holt -- Analyst
Great. And then could you provide any color on the overall trajectory of the business during Q4. You do come in a little bit above the midpoint guidance provided in October. Does that imply that things are picking up a little bit in December?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
They did. So we had a good October, we had a weak November that gave us some concern about what might happen in December. And then both volume came in better than expected and cost came in quite a bit better than expected on the raw material side.
Matthew Blair -- Tudor Pickering Holt -- Analyst
Great, thank you.
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Let's make the next question our last one, please.
Operator
So the last question comes from Michael Sison from Wells Fargo. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Michael Sison -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Hey, guys. Curt congrats and it was great working with you. In terms of your outlook for AFP, I just want to make sure I understood flat to down for EBIT. The specialty side, the two-thirds grow pretty -- there is a grow next year, maybe mid-single digits and the one-third that's more challenged, down double digits or something. Can you just give us a little bit of color on each of the pieces?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, so first of all through '19, the two-thirds did quite well as Curt laid out, prices were relatively flat outside of the cost pass-through contracts, and we expect that continue this year, where prices will be stable and we saw a raw material benefits as a result, we saw volume growth and we have this headwind, especially in these high-value additives for automotive in China net out to being modestly down for last year. So as we look at this year, we see volume, we see raws stable as well as pricing, so that's going to deliver some growth as well as some cost reduction. So you do see some earnings growth in the two-third side of the portfolio. And you're correct, the potential for down net earnings for the AFP segment is in the one-third segment, as we take in those lower spreads from the back half of last year.
We do regain some volume, so as we had good discipline on pricing through the first half of 2019, we lost some volume in adhesives and tires,regaining that with some pricing in the fourth quarter. So will have a volume improvement, but some pricing down net in the one-third, as well as you're going to have some earnings challenges there, just given where spreads are at this point. So I think you're directionally correct.
Michael Sison -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Great and then one quick one on China, it's been a good growth business for several years. How are you on capacity? Do you need to add capacity or do you have enough to sort of support the growth that you're seeing?
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
We're well positioned capacity. We had doubled the capacity in 2018, because we had run our capacity, because the volume growth had been so strong. This was one of several plants that we brought online in 2018, where volume was really great, across AFP and AM, with the growth we've been having, until the trade war hit. So we're well positioned to support growth there.
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And if I could add, Mike, that's an example for this business, not only you get volume growth, you get mix upgrade, and now you get fixed cost leverage as well.
Michael Sison -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Great, thank you.
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, everyone.
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Thanks again everyone for joining us this morning. Appreciate your time. Have a great day. There'll be a replay of this available on our website later this morning. Thanks again.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks].
Duration: 62 minutes
Call participants:
Gregory A. Riddle -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Mark J. Costa -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Curt E. Espeland -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
William T. McLain, Jr. -- Vice President of Finance
Vincent Andrews -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
David Begleiter -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Prashant Juvekar -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Matthew DeYoe -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Kevin McCarthy -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst
James Sheehan -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Duffy Fischer -- Barclays -- Analyst
Frank Mitsch -- Fermium Research -- Analyst
Bob Koort -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Laurence Alexander -- Jefferies -- Analyst
John Roberts -- UBS -- Analyst
Matthew Blair -- Tudor Pickering Holt -- Analyst
Michael Sison -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
