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Hope Bancorp, Inc. (HOPE 2.04%)
Q2Â 2020 Earnings Call
Jul 31, 2020, 12:30 p.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good day and welcome to Hope Bancorp's 2020 Second Quarter Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] I would now like to turn the conference over to Angie Yang, Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Angie Yang -- Senior Vice President, Director of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications
Thank you, Andrew. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us for the Hope Bancorp 2018 Second Quarter Investor Conference Call. As usual, we will begin -- we will be using a slide presentation to accompany our discussion this morning. If you have not done so already, please visit the Presentations page of our Investor Relations website to download a copy of the presentation. Or if you are listening in through the webcast, you should be able to view the slides from your computer screen as we progress through the presentation.
Beginning on Slide 2, I'd like to begin with a brief statement regarding forward-looking remarks. The call today may contain forward-looking projections regarding the future financial performance of the Company and future events. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, projections and management assumptions about the future performance of the Company, including any impact as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the businesses and markets in which the company does and is expected to operate. These statements constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are not guarantees of future performance. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. We refer you to the documents the Company files periodically with the SEC, as well as the Safe Harbor statements in our press release issued yesterday. Hope Bancorp assumes no obligation to revise any forward-looking projections that may be made on today's call. The Company cautions that the complete financial results to be included in the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020 could differ materially from the financial results being reported today.
In addition, some of the information referenced on this call today are non-GAAP financial measures. Please refer to our 2020 second quarter earnings release for the reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures.
Now, we have allotted one hour for this call. Presenting from the management side today will be Kevin Kim, Hope Bancorp's Chairman, President and CEO; and Alex Ko, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Chief Credit Officer, Peter Koh, is also here with us today and will be available for the Q&A session.
With that, let me turn the call over to Kevin Kim. Kevin?
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Angie. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. Let's begin with Slide 3 with a brief overview of our financial results. We executed well despite the continuing challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic and delivered a solid quarter of earnings, driven by significant balance sheet growth and disciplined expense control. We generated net income of $26.8 million or $0.22 per diluted share in the second quarter, up from $26 million or $0.21 per diluted share in the preceding first quarter.
To some extent, the environment created by the pandemic has accelerated our progress on a number of the longer-term strategic initiatives that we have in place to enhance our profitability and franchise value. First, we are more effectively leveraging our cost structure. With the solid balance sheet growth we were able to generate, while maintaining disciplined expense control, our non-interest expense to average assets ratio improved to 1.60% in the second quarter from 1.87% in the preceding first quarter.
Next, during the second quarter, we made significant progress with our deposit initiatives and had very strong inflows of core deposits, which has enabled us to continue improving our deposit mix. Our total deposits increased 10% from the end of the prior quarter, with the vast majority of that growth coming in non-interest-bearing deposits. As a result, non-interest-bearing deposits increased to 28.6% of total deposits on June 30, up from 24.7% a year earlier. Over the same time period, our time deposits have decreased from 46.7% to 35.1% of total deposits. The improved deposit mix, combined with our ability to pass through rate cuts to our deposit customers, helped to reduce our cost of deposits to 87 basis points in the second quarter, a decline of 47 basis points from the preceding quarter.
Moving on to Slide 4, we had a strong quarter of business development with total loans increasing at an annualized rate of approximately 9%. We originated $832 million in new loans in the second quarter, which was 33% higher than the preceding first quarter and 65% higher than the same quarter in 2019. $480 million of our loan production was attributable to the PPP program. The remaining $352 million of loan production came from our traditional business development efforts. Excluding the PPP loans, we had $216 million in commercial real estate loan production, nearly $62 million of C&I loan production and $74 million of consumer loan production, primarily consisting of residential mortgages. With our concentrated effort to process PPP loans during the quarter, we had just a small amount of traditional SBA originations this quarter, approximately $6 million.
Moving on to Slide 5, I would like to share some additional information about the PPP loans that we originated in the second quarter. Excluding approximately $6 million of PPP loans that were paid off within 21 days of funding, we had a net $474 million of PPP loans, for which we expect to earn in aggregate $18.7 million in lender's fees. As shown on this slide, the vast majority of the PPP loans that we process were in amounts less than $350,000 and earning a 5% fee. Looking at the number of PPP applications processed, you can see that 96% of these loans were under $350,000, underscoring Bank of Hope's continued leadership position for the small business customers. While the vast majority of the PPP loans processed were for existing customers, we added 246 new customers that we hope to grow into larger relationships in the future.
Now, moving on to Slide 6, let me discuss the loan modification program we implemented to help our borrowers manage through the impact of the pandemic. At June 30, we had approximately $3.1 billion in loan modifications granted, accounting for 24.2% of our total loan portfolio. The majority of the modifications are payment deferrals related to our CRE portfolio, with just $151 million for C&I loans and $147 million in consumer loans, which largely represents residential mortgage loans. In terms of timing, you can see in the chart at the bottom of the slide that the peak of our modifications was from mid-April to mid-May, and these modifications have fallen off significantly since then.
As you can see in the pie chart, the vast majority of our loan deferrals, or more than 95% of loans modified, were for a short duration of 90 days or less. We are now in the process of having discussions with these borrowers to determine their need, if any, for additional deferral support. We have been proactively reaching out to our customers throughout this pandemic crisis. While it is still too early to project with a high degree of accuracy due to the fluid situation, based on our discussions to date, we currently expect approximately 60%, plus or minus, of our commercial borrowers will request a second deferral. For those borrowers that will consider a second round of modification support, will be requesting -- we will be requesting, on a best effort basis, concessions in the form of additional collateral, payment reserves or some other type of credit enhancement like additional guarantees.
Moving on to Slide 7, the hospitality sector is clearly one of the industries that have been most heavily impacted by the pandemic. As such, we would anticipate the majority of our business customers requesting a second round of modifications will be from our hotel and motel borrowers. However, as previously noted, our hotel/motel portfolio is largely composed of limited-service facilities, and these properties have been much less impacted by the lockdown than the destination full-service hotel properties. We believe the rebound for these properties will be felt much sooner than the other type -- other property types in the hospitality sector. It is also a positive factor that 73% of our portfolio is represented by flagged properties and 93% of our hotel/motel exposure is located in major MSAs in which we operate.
On another positive note, we are pleased to see that month-to-month occupancy trends have stabilized for a number of our larger hotel operators, and they have been able to operate at or near break-even during the month of June. We also have some hotel borrowers who have already indicated they will not require a second deferral. Even though occupancy trends are down year-over-year, they have other sources of income or liquidity that will enable them to resume servicing their debt as agreed upon. That said, the duration of the pandemic and the impact it is having on customer behavior and the economy have been longer lasting than any of us would like. As a result, we expect the majority of our hotel/motel borrowers may need some additional support by way of payment relief until their cash flows further improve.
Over the last quarter, we have undertaken a very comprehensive review of our hotel/motel portfolio loan-by-loan. We analyzed each credit and placed them into one of the three categories, low, medium or high, in terms of how long we believe it will take the property to stabilize and return to a more normalized level of occupancy and cash flow. This review took into account factors such as the location, the type of hotel, the customer base and current operating trends where available. Based on this review, approximately 75% of our hotel loans were placed in the low or medium categories. The remaining 25% that were placed in the high category include properties such as airports hotels, where we expect occupancy rates to lag a general economic recovery, given our assumption that business travel will remain muted for an extended period of time. However, when factoring in the low LTV and guarantor support on these loans, we believe, should the scenario of an extended recovery period play out, any potential losses to be experienced on these loans will be manageable.
With regard to our retail portfolio, the majority of this is represented by strip mall types of properties, many of larger properties of which are anchored by grocery markets. And as we have noted before, the tenants of our retail CRE properties are largely service-oriented businesses. As most cities and states across the country are in various phases of reopening, many of these tenants are operating at some degree of limited service, observing social distancing requirements. As such, our retail property owners by and large are beginning to receive some level of rent payments from their tenants. And thus, we are beginning to see some stability for these borrowers. Based on our discussion to date with our retail CRE customers, we currently anticipate that a fair number of these borrowers will also need an additional round of deferrals, but not to the same extent of our hotel/motel operators.
Underscoring the impact of the COVID-19, we have further increased our coverage ratio as of June 30, 2020 for these two segments of our portfolio. For hotel/motel properties, the coverage ratio increased to 1.23% from 1.04% as of March, 31 of 2020. Excluding impact of purchase accounting discount, the coverage would be 1.41% for our hotel/motel portfolio. For retail CRE properties, the coverage ratio increased to 1.46% from 1.15% as of March 31 of 2020. And excluding the impact of purchase accounting discount, the coverage ratio would be 1.6% for our retail CRE portfolio.
Now, I will ask Alex to provide additional details on our financial performance for the second quarter. Alex?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Kevin. Beginning with Slide 8, I will start with our net interest income, which totaled $109.8 million. This compares with $119.3 million in the preceding first quarter, which included $5.6 million in purchase accounting discount accretion due to a large payoff on acquired loan. While we had an increase in average loans and earnings assets, this was more than offset by a decline in our net interest margin.
Our net interest margin declined by 52 basis points to 2.79%. On a core basis, excluding purchase accounting adjustment, our net interest margin declined by 33 basis points. Our core margin was largely impacted by our temporary increase in excess liquidity, which we expect to reduce and deploy in the second half of 2020. Without the increase in excess liquidity in the second quarter, our core margin would have declined by approximately 11 basis points for the second quarter. The compression in our net interest margin was largely attributable to a significant decline in our average loan yields due to the repricing of our variable-rate loans, following the 150 basis point reduction in rates in March.
In addition, our interest earning assets included a significantly higher balance of low yielding assets due to the excess liquidity that was a buildup when the pandemic crisis emerged. Together with a strong growth in core deposits throughout the quarter, the excess liquidity had an adverse impact to our net interest margin. These factors were partially offset by a 59 basis point decline in our cost of interest-bearing deposits, reflecting rate reductions in our money market accounts and time deposits. Together with a $1 billion increase in non-interest-bearing deposits, our total cost of deposits declined 47 basis points from the prior quarter to 87 basis points.
On an accounting note, we are amortizing the fees earned on PPP loans over a 24-month expected life of these loans. In the second quarter of 2020, we recognized $2.57 million in PPP loan fees, and we would expect this amount to increase in the third quarter with a full quarter's contribution from our PPP loans.
We believe the second quarter represents the trough in our net interest margin, and we expect to see some expansion in the second half of 2020 due to the following factors. First, given that we already had a full quarter's impact from the rate reductions in March, we should see relative stability in loan yields going forward, which should support growth in our interest income. Second, we have additional opportunities to pass through lower rates on our deposit, as our CDs are maturing at much higher rates than what is currently prevailing. So, we expect to have continued reduction in deposit cost, which will help contain our interest expense. And finally, we have built up significant excess liquidity that we plan to redeploy into higher yielding earning assets and reduce higher costing deposits in the second half of the year. The magnitude and timing of the deployment of our excess liquidity will certainly be an important factor in the movement of our net interest margin. So, we are currently expecting our net interest margin will expand throughout the second half of 2020 in excess of 3% by end of the fourth quarter.
Now, moving on to Slide 9, our non-interest income was $11.2 million for the 2020 second quarter, a decrease of 15% from the preceding first quarter. The decrease was largely due to the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns, which resulted in a significant reduction in business activity and account transactions. As such, we had a decline in deposit service charges, reflecting reduced non-sufficient fund and analysis fees, as well as lower international service and wire transfer fees. These reductions were partially offset by higher loan servicing fees quarter-over-quarter.
Moving on to non-interest expenses on Slide 10, our non-interest expense was $67 million, a decline of 7% from the preceding first quarter. In terms of significant variances, our salaries and employee benefit expenses declined by $3.7 million. This was primarily due to a significant increase in the number of loan transactions processed during the quarter as a result of SBA PPP program. The other major factor contributing to lower non-interest expense was a reduction in our professional fees, which declined by $1.8 million or 54% quarter-over-quarter. I will note that this is the second consecutive quarter with a considerable reduction in professional fees. In the preceding first quarter, professional fees were down quarter-over-quarter by 45%.
During the pandemic, we have further tightened up discretionary spending across our organization, which resulted in decline across most expense line items, including advertising and marketing expenses. As the pandemic has continued and now expect to be part of the new normal for some time, we have evaluated our staffing needs in light of the changes in our operation due to COVID-19. We are taking the perspective that this is an opportunity to more efficiently utilize our personnel. As a result, already in the third quarter, the Company effected a 4% workforce reduction in light of the impact the COVID-19 pandemic is having on the economy and business environment. This will reduce our salary and benefit expenses by more than $1.5 million per quarter, beginning with this third quarter. I would just note that we have recorded the full amount of severance expenses related to this staff reduction of $780,000 in our compensation expense in the second quarter of 2020.
Our effective tax rate for the quarter was 26.8%, an increase from 19.9% in the prior quarter due to our higher level of projected pre-tax income compared with our projection on the prior quarter. For the remainder of the year, we are projecting an effective tax rate of approximately 23.5%.
Now, moving on to Slide 11, I will discuss some of our key deposit trends. Our total deposits increased by 10% from the end of the prior quarter to a record $14.1 billion. We saw the strongest growth in non-interest-bearing deposits, which increased by approximately $1 billion or 34% from the end of the prior year quarter. Approximately $226 million of the increase was attributable to PPP-related deposits, while the rest largely reflect our commercial customers building up liquidity. This strong quarter-over-quarter increase in non-interest-bearing deposit contributed to the considerable reduction in our deposit cost in the second quarter. If you recall, our cost of deposits peaked in the third quarter of 2019 before beginning a month-by-month declining trend to its lowest level in the years. In the current third quarter, we have $1.6 billion of CDs maturing at an average blended rate of 1.81%. So, we are looking forward to having another quarter of meaningful reductions in our cost of deposits.
Now, moving on to Slide 12, I will review our asset quality. Due to our ability to work with our COVID-19 impacted borrowers under the CARES Act, despite a significant stress on the economy during the second quarter, we have relatively modest increases in delinquent loans, criticized loans and performing loans. Our loss experience, however, continues to be minimal, with net charge-offs representing just 2 basis points of average loans in the quarter.
Now, moving onto Slide 13, we recorded a provision for credit losses of $17.5 million in the quarter, which increased our allowance for credit losses after net charge-off by $16.9 million to $161.8 million as of June 30, 2020. The provision for the second quarter reflects declines in the macroeconomic factors, enhanced qualitative factors, including additional reserve on top of that for our hotel/motel properties, and additional management overlay for all COVID-19 modified loans. Our allowance for credit losses increased to $161.8 million as of June 30, 2020 from $144.9 million at the end of the first quarter.
Moving on to Slide 14, as a percentage of total loans, our allowance for credit losses increased to 1.26% at June 30 from 1.15% at March 31. When purchase accounting discounts are included, our coverage ratio increases to 1.54% of total loans, or 1.6% of total loans if you also exclude PPP loans. As a side note, our PPP loans are included in our C&I portfolio.
Now moving on to Slide 15, let me provide an overview of our liquidity and capital position. We entered the COVID-19 pandemic from a strong position, and this was further strengthened with a strong buildup in liquidity during the quarter. The $1 billion increase in non-interest-bearing demand deposits was a major factor contributing to the reduction in our deposit costs and certainly supported our liquidity needs during this volatile and uncertain pandemic crisis. Looking at our overall liquidity position, it remains very strong as of June 30, 2020. And our primary sources of funds continued to be customer deposits.
We also continue to maintain a robust capital position with our total risk-based capital ratio, Tier 1 common equity ratio and Tier 1 capital ratios, all strengthening from March 31, 2020. We also continued to grow equity with our book value per share and tangible common equity per share increasing quarter-over-quarter by 1% and year-over-year by 5%. As of June 30, 2020, we maintained a meaningful cushion of excess capital above the minimum amount required to be considered well capitalized. We had a minimum 3.23% in cushion or $433 million in excess capital before any of our capital ratios reaches the well capitalized threshold.
Finally, I would like to note that we have completed our quarterly goodwill impairment analysis, which took into account the recent decline in our bank valuations and a prolonged COVID-19 pandemic and determined that no [Phonetic] impairment has occurred.
With that, let me turn the call back to Kevin.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Alex. Let's move on to Slide 16. As we move into the second half of the year, we continue to deal with a great deal of uncertainty regarding the length and impact of the current crisis. Given the impact COVID-19 is having on the hospitality and retail sectors in particular, we are not currently pursuing new loans in these areas. And while this has had an impact on our loan pipeline, we are budgeting for meaningful loan growth for the full year, driven by higher levels of business activity by our corporate banking, warehouse line and residential mortgage teams.
In addition to relatively healthy loan growth, we anticipate that a number of other factors will contribute to improved performance in the second half of the year. First, as Alex mentioned, we believe we should see expansion in our net interest margin due to stabilization in our loan yields, continued reduction in our deposit costs and deployment of our excess liquidity. Second, we continue to see strong demand for refinancings in our residential mortgage origination business, which should lead to higher levels of production and gain on sale. And finally, we will continue to look out for opportunities to make adjustments in our overall cost structure to reflect the new environment we are operating in. Alex mentioned, the recent staff reductions we made will save approximately $1.5 million per quarter, and optimizing our use of human resources is an ongoing initiative that could result in additional cost savings in the future. Over the longer term, the changes we are seeing in customer behavior, particularly related to the use of our digital banking platform during the pandemic, will certainly create additional opportunities for us to evaluate and optimize our branch footprint.
While the crisis continues, we will remain conservative in our operating philosophies: maintaining a strong capital position, growing core deposits, staying disciplined in our expense control, and building our credit loss reserve. We believe this will enable us to continue supporting our customers and communities, while delivering solid performance for our shareholders. As we have been communicating to our customers and communities throughout the pandemic, with Hope, we will get through this together.
Now, we would be happy to take your questions and add any additional color as requested. Operator, please open up the call.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] First question comes from Matthew Clark of Piper Sandler. Please go ahead.
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Hi, good morning.
Angie Yang -- Senior Vice President, Director of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications
Good morning.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Good morning.
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
In the press release, you mentioned additional initiatives in light of the new normal, designed to restructure our balance sheet. Can you just provide some more color on how you plan to restructure the balance sheet from here?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure, Matthew. Definitely, management believes balance sheet restructuring is one of the key to effectively deal with this very challenging environment. Let me start with our liquidity buildup during the quarter. We have about $1 billion of non-interest-bearing deposits. Partially, about $350 million is coming from PPP loan deposits. But the excess, like $700 million plus is coming from non-interest-bearing deposits from the customers. And we believe this is really strengthening our balance sheet position, because if you recall, we had like a 99% of loan to deposit ratio. The funding side, we had a quite expensive funding cost we have had, but it was really -- management's real big focus is to stabilize the funding side, and we were able to achieve those low-cost funding side, which again enables us to kind of use effectively for our operating efficiencies. So, with those good funding sources, our kind of strategy to the asset side is more fee income driven, as well as dealing with, again, this very compressed interest rate environment. But certain products such as warehouse businesses and also some mortgage businesses, given this rate environment, it is very attractive. Especially for the warehouse businesses, the credit cost we have seen is very, very minimum, and fee incomes, we can also recognized from there. So the asset side -- those are the areas. Obviously, we will continue to look for the industry very close to specialize and maximize our earning asset opportunities.
And also, as we discussed during the prepared remarks and all the discussion, expense control -- we have made a quite good strategy, implemented already, and we see the reduction started. But I think this will continue going forward. Examples of those expense controls, obviously, effective utilization of HR, human resources, which we already said, $1.5 million per quarter savings, but we will continue to do that. And also, we learned good lessons from the office space optimization opportunities. So, we are reevaluating the office spaces or occupancy expenses. I think we can get some efficiencies from there. It might take a little bit time. I don't expect that we have a big dollar amount of savings from the occupancy next quarter or two, but that's more longer, but certainly we think that will be coming in terms of expense savings, and also branch consolidations, optimizing the branch locations. And kind of recently, the technology-driven businesses convinced us that we can have much more branch -- effective branch consolidation, which will save our expenses. So, those are the kind of high-level basis of our balance sheet and expense savings strategy. This will continue, and this will be our top priority to make sure we deliver the financial results at optimal level in this very challenging environment.
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Okay, great. And then, the core loan -- the new loan origination rate was 3.39%. I think that includes PPP though. Do you have that rate ex-PPP? And then, you suggest loan yields being flat from here. I think the core loan yield was 4.21% ex-purchase accounting. So I'm just trying to make sure we're on the same page in terms of loan yields and where the new business came on, on a core basis.
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes. Given this -- PPP contractual coupon rate is 1%, but we have loan fees or lender's fee because our -- majority of those PPP loans are under $350,000 at a rate of 5% we can earn. So, reflecting those amortization of those lender's fees, the effective interest rate for those PPP was about 3.4%. So it's not that different from what we originated all the loans, including PPP. So I think it's in the neighborhood of 3.4% as well for the new originations, including PPP. And just separate the PPP, it's at 3.39% or 3.4%. And also, total loan yield -- the actual loan yield, we had 4.23%. But without the PPP, it's very minor changes. It's 4.25%. So only 2 basis point differences.
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Okay. I guess, what I'm getting at is, how are loan yields going to stay flat if you're putting on new production at 3.40%.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
And Matthew, keep in mind that the -- during the second quarter, we had a very low level of SBA loan productions because our resources were tied to the PPP activities. In the second half of the year, we expect a robust production from the SBA unit. The SBA rates are much more lucrative than the other type of loans, and I think they will make some difference in the second half also.
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Okay. And then, just circling back to the excess liquidity, the strong non-interest-bearing deposit growth, excluding the PPP, 700 -- sorry, $650 million or so. I guess, what's your sense that all that sticks, just given that the -- people pay their tax -- were able to pay their taxes July 15, and obviously there's some stimulus money in there that's likely to get spent. I guess, how much of that do you actually think is going to stick?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. I think it is really difficult to have a real accurate expectation because there's so many moving parts. As you mentioned, the forgivenesses of those in the period, also the depositors, their own liquidity buildup or their operating philosophy or their expectation. However, I also wanted to talk about non-PPP deposit that we gathered. I know you asked about the 350 -- 600 -- $350 million of the PPP specifically. Maybe that, given the kind of expense -- qualified expense period extended from eight to 24 weeks, so just considering 24 weeks maybe -- majority of that in the $350 million can be drawn down or utilized during the Q4. That would be our expectation. But the remaining $650 million -- actually, it's a little bit more than $650 million. That we expect to stay much longer period. When we look at the actual composition of this $1 billion DDA increases, we saw about 800 new customers who never had a business with us, but they started business with us. So, we believe that is the non-interest-bearing deposit. New customers, in this environment, very important. So, we will try to serve them and retain them as much as we can. So, I would expect that the remaining $650 million or $700 million, the attrition, if any, will be minimum. To support that, we have looked at the actual non-interest-bearing deposit balances subsequent to June 30. And as of actually last night, when I checked it, the balance was very stable. It didn't change. So, one month, it didn't change at all. So we will see. But I think this is really great for us to secure our funding at a very low cost, which is one of our key strategy to enhance our net interest margin and profitability going forward.
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Okay, thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from Chris McGratty of KBW. Please go ahead.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Good afternoon. Thanks for the question. I just want to go back to your mix [Technical Issues] margin by the end of the year.
Operator
Sir, if you can speak up. It's kind of breaking up, sir.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Sorry, is that better?
Operator
Yeah, thank you. Please go ahead.
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
That's better, Chris.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Hey, sorry about that. Is that better, Alex?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Okay, great. Sorry about that. [Technical Issues] guidance on the margin and net interest income. I think you said, [Technical Issues] 3% by the end of the year. Is that [Indecipherable] not inclusive of accretion and the PPP contribution?
Angie Yang -- Senior Vice President, Director of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications
Okay. Chris, I'm going to try and repeat your question because it was difficult to hear. He is asking about our NIM giudance reaching in excess of 3% and whether that includes accretion, the purchase discount.
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah. Okay. Thank you, Angie. Sorry. Yeah. To answer your question, Chris, yes, it does include. But I think the core kind of margin is more important. And as you know, we have accretion income. And last quarter, in Q1, we have accretion income like 5 -- more than $5 million, which kind of overstated in Q1, but it does actually have an impact. In the second quarter, it looks like a much bigger margin compression. Actually, it did have 18 basis point of accretion differences, which impacted negatively on net interest margin. So, our projection for 3% or higher until the year end is just core deposit, our core net interest margin, assuming the consistent like accretion embedded there. And I don't think we have -- I don't anticipate a big payoff or paydown or charge-offs on the purchased loan. So, it will be stable, and that does include in our 3% or higher margin expectation.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
That's helpful. Thank you. And in terms of just net interest income dollars, obviously, appreciate all the moving parts of the balance sheet and liquidity. Should we expect stability in net interest income, growth in interest income, modest pressure? I'm just trying to get a sense of where to start for the end of the year? Thanks.
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. Net interest income, yeah. as we discussed, I don't anticipate -- and also I think as Fed said, they would maintain the interest rate at this rate for, like, the next year or, like, for the time being. And assuming there is no big interest rate, market interest changes, our loan yield, I don't think it will have a significant change. Especially, I don't think it will decrease much further because we did have already 150 basis point rate reduction in full to our variable-rate loans, and it is very low lean we are earning already. But I think the deposit side is -- we have more flexibility, or we can continue to better, meaning the CD that is maturing for Q3, as I said, like is 1.81%, but we can renew it in the neighborhood of 60 basis point, 65 basis point. And also, continuously, we monitor our money market account and we reduce the rate. And I didn't see any real alarming negative reaction from our depositors from the rate that we continue to lower. So, with that, I think net interest income, I don't think it will go back to like a year ago, the level, given the rate environment. But the dollar amount of net interest income, I think, it will be stabilized going forward.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Okay, that's helpful. And just, Alex, I want to make sure I'm clear on the expenses. So this quarter included a little over $5 million benefit from the PPP originations. You have the merger -- severance cost in there as well. And then you announced $1.5 million prospective savings. How do we think about all of this -- expense levels in the back half of the year? Just absolute, like, where should the run rate be?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. The run rate, I would expect, will increase from Q2. Reason, as you mentioned, we had a $5.2 million of PPP loan origination cost. I don't think we'll have that repeated going forward, but those will be offset by our already executed HR optimization plan or $1.5 million savings. So those two will have, let's say, about $2.5 million increase compared to Q2 going forward. But as I said, kind of expense control is management's kind of [Indecipherable] focuses that I mentioned like branch rationalizations, the continued professional fee reductions. If you recall, as I said, we had a quite elevated level of professional fees last year, but we have been continuously reducing it. And I think there is further room for us to reduce a little bit. So with all those, I think about $70 million of run rate. I feel comfortable to say that. And in terms of efficiency ratio, it will be in the neighborhood of, let's say, 55%, and net interest expense -- or average asset ratio, it will be between like 1.65% or 1.6% ranges.
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Okay. Thank you for the questions.
Operator
[Operator Instructions] The next question comes from Gary Tenner of D.A. Davidson. Please go ahead.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
Thanks. Good morning.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
I wonder if you have the average PPP loans outstanding for the quarter versus the $480 million -- or $474 million at quarter end?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. We have a total origination balance of $474 million after $6 million paid off. The average balance for Q2 for PPP was about $343 million.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
Okay, thanks. And then, I just wanted to follow up in terms of your comments on the amount of deposit stickiness, which ex PPP-related deposits, you feel pretty good about. When you talk about kind of using that excess liquidity, and part of it maybe goes into loan growth, which you all seem positive on for the back half of the year, but any other plans in terms of the investment portfolio? Do you have any goals for how you'd like that balance to look toward the end of the year?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, sure. In terms of our investment portfolio, in conjunction with our increased or excess liquidity, actually second half -- no, actually two-third of the second quarter, we started to purchase investment security. So, total amount of investment security that we purchased was in excess of $300 million, and the yield is not that great, given again the interest rate environment. But I we will utilize [Phonetic] because the excess liquidity deployment plan is very important. That does have a direct impact to our net interest income and margin. And our priority is obviously a higher earning assets, i.e. loan portfolio, which include warehouse and mortgage. And as Kevin mentioned, our SBA production for the second quarter was only $6 million. And I would expect that SBA production will pick up. So, if we have the deployment of our excess to loan, again, that will be our priority. But I think having investment security purchase as a backup or alternative to use the excess liquidity, we'll continue to look for and continue to purchase the investment security.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
Okay. And then, just to go back to the expectations for meaningful loan growth, I think, as it was put in the slide deck, I assume that that is kind of on the base of loans at period-end excluding the PPP balances? Is that fair?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, that's fair. And year-over-year, we expect high-single digit or low-double digit growth.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
Okay, thank you. And then, last question for me, I think. You guys delayed the earnings release because of the kind of challenges of completing the goodwill impairment test. I just wonder if you could talk about that a little bit? Given where -- the stock is trading at a deep discount to tangible book. How that process went? And obviously, you didn't incur any goodwill this quarter. So, any comments on that?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. Let me start with what was the reason -- why we spent time. Actually, we were very cautious to make sure we do the right assessment. And we wanted to give our accountant enough time so that their actually national office signed off our management's assessment. And the triggering event was, as you mentioned, our stock price, where we are traded. Compared to even tangible book value, our trade valid is much lower. So, having that triggering event, we did have a robust analysis of our goodwill impairment by looking at income approaches. And it's a kind of accounting terminology, income -- actually valuation terminology, income approach versus fair market value approaches. Fair value -- fair market value approaches, that's kind of our traded stock value, which does seem to be much lower, which might lead to a goodwill impairment. But actually, if we look at our income approaches, which makes more sense, this income approaches take into the consideration of our future income going forward, five years with a more accurate projection, the growth rate, and then also after the terminal value we use. So long story short, based on our projected income, discounted with the right amount of discount rate, we concluded we have a significant amount of cushion or the excess fair value over book value. So we have a total of $465 million of goodwill, and the cushion that we come up with was about $700 million. So we believe that was good enough, but our auditor definitely need to make sure. So, we wanted to make sure everybody be comfortable with that. So, going forward, we will continue to have the assessment, unless our stock price bounced back to the level that we wanted to. So -- but given the significant amount of excess fair value over book value that we have determined as of June 30, going forward, we will continue to do assessment, but unless there is really unexpected big changes of our expected earnings or something -- I don't know, we will assess again, but less likely that immediate quarters, we'll have a different conclusion on our goodwill impairment.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
Okay. That's great color, Alex. I appreciate it. And actually, if I could squeeze one last question, your dividend payout ratio is around the 65% to 70% range based on the first half of the year earnings. What are the current thoughts, Kevin, in terms of the dividend payout [Indecipherable] going forward?
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. We feel comfortable about the dividend payout ratio that we currently have. And our intention is to keep on -- keep our quarterly dividend at current levels, absent any material unexpected developments in the future. This is based upon our strong capital ratios. We feel very comfortable with our capital situation, including our Tier 1 common equity ratio. And we regularly perform rigorous stress testing analysis on our capital situation. And based upon what we have so far, we expect and we intend to keep our quarterly dividend at current levels. But that is something that we have to assess every quarter, but that is currently what we have in mind.
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
Got it. All right. Thanks again.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
Next question comes from David Feaster of Raymond James. Please go ahead.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
Good morning, everybody. Happy Friday.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
I just wanted to start out on the commentary about loan growth. I'm just curious, A, have you guys tightened the credit box at all with regards to new loan? And then, B, where are you seeing demand -- within that commercial segment where are you seeing demand and where are you interested in growing?
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Well, as I mentioned in the prepared script, our corporate banking group, our warehouse line business unit and our mortgage unit, those are the units that we expect to be most active in the second half of the year. In terms of the mortgage productions, we did not have a very productive first and second quarter. But I think that we have a very nice pipeline building up right now. And the reason that the performance was not as good as we would like to see was because of some of our operations in the back office. And I think we have resolved all the issues. So, I think we can have a much better mortgage production. And in addition, we are starting up a non-QM loan program, which we plan to retain on our portfolio. So, that will contribute to the loan growth. And as you can easily see, our corporate banking group and warehouse line business unit are the major units who will contribute to the growth.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
Yeah. Within there, have you tightened up underwriting standards at all or the credit box within the corporate banking space at all? And then, again, within corporate banking, where are you seeing demand, what segments, and where are you interested in growing?
Peter Koh -- Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer
Actually, this is Peter. So, in terms of the credit box, overall, we had tightened the credit box in areas that we see impact from the COVID pandemic. So, obviously, our CRE portfolio in various places like hotels and retail, definitely we have built a lot more buffer or actually done some moratoriums. In corporate banking, there are opportunities in that sector. With basically maintaining the same credit box, we're finding good opportunities to grow. Whether that is in asset managers or capital call lines, telecom industries, we see various opportunities throughout that. We see some pipeline -- meaningful pipelines building.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
Okay. That's helpful. And then, I guess just on the redeferrals, appreciate all the commentary that you guys gave. Just curious, as these redeferrals start coming in, would you expect to see additional risk rating downgrades in reserve builds in the back half of the year? And maybe, I guess, just how do you think about the overall reserve in your comfort level there?
Peter Koh -- Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer
Sure. We feel comfortable with the level of reserves, as we have assessed the portfolio very closely. I think we've done very deep dive assessments in particularly the higher-risk areas such as the hotel and the retail, as well as our C&I portfolio. So, we feel comfortable where we are now. As we move forward, obviously, there is a lot of uncertainties in the marketplace right now, so it really depends on the speed of the economic recovery, the success and speed of health vaccines, treatments for the coronavirus, a lot of variables in place. So, unless we see further deterioration in the portfolio, right now, these loans are basically put into a past watch COVID-19 rated grade. And so, the impact on reserve levels are starting to build, as you have seen in the second quarter. As you move forward, we just have to see how fast the recovery pace is for our borrowers. As we mentioned in our prepared remarks, as we assess the hotel portfolio, which is -- I think everyone is looking at that as one of the higher exposures. Really, as expected, what we're finding, as we do individual loan assessment, is that these hotels are much more limited-service local or drive-to destination type of hotels. And so, we have seen less of an impact. Obviously, there has been impact through the months of March and April through some of the artificial kind of closures of the economy. But in the months of June and July -- we look at both the metro regions, so we're looking at individual county hotel data that's coming out from industry reports, as well as comparing that to our actual portfolio performance, and we're actually seeing hotel recoveries in our portfolio starting to definitely pick up. And we actually have seen some hotels reach even break-even points already. So, we are monitoring this situation very closely. I think we'll continue to assess the risk rating as we move forward, as we always do. And we really have to kind of see how the recovery looks like.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
Okay. That's terrific. And then, just one more kind of -- a couple of quick buttoned-up ones. Do you have the levels of purchase accounting remaining on the books? Does that -- 3% margin target by the fourth quarter, is that inclusive of the PPP? And then, maybe what are your expectations for the timing of PPP fees? Thanks.
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. The remaining total $36 million -- $26 million remaining on the PCD discount we have. And as I kind of answered to Chris' question earlier, this accretion impact has reflected on the 3% or slightly higher net interest margin forecast by Q4. This actually, as you know -- the discount is continuously decreasing as we amortize or recognized the interest income.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
And then, just the expectations for the timing of the PPP fees?
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. Got it. We -- I think we also mentioned during the script, we estimate over the next two years, 24 months, we'll amortize over that period, using straight-line method. So including the loan fee and the loan cost, in terms of dollar amount, we recognize about $2.9 million in Q3 and going forward. It will be a little bit higher than Q2 -- compared to Q2. So, it will be about $3.9 [Phonetic] million in Q3 we will recognized as income. So, that will again spread out the next 24 months.
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
Okay, thank you.
Operator
This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to management for any closing remarks.
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you. Once again, thank you all for joining us today. We hope everyone of you stay safe and healthy. And we look forward to speaking with you again next quarter. So long, everyone.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 71 minutes
Call participants:
Angie Yang -- Senior Vice President, Director of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications
Kevin S. Kim -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Alex Ko -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Peter Koh -- Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer
Matthew Clark -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Christopher McGratty -- Keefe, Bruyette & Woods North America -- Analyst
Gary P. Tenner -- D. A. Davidson & Co. -- Analyst
David Feaster -- Raymond James -- Analyst
