Nucor Corp (NUE) Q4 2020 Earnings Call Transcript

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Nucor Corp (NUE 0.31%)
Q4 2020 Earnings Call
Jan 28, 2021, 2:00 p.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good day everyone and welcome to the Nucor Corporation Fourth Quarter of 2020 Earnings Call. [Operator Instructions]

Certain statements made during this conference call will be forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The words we expect, believe, anticipate and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify those forward-looking statements which are based on management's current expectations and information that is currently available. Although Nucor believes they are based on reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that future events will not affect their accuracy. More information about the risks and uncertainties relating to these forward-looking statements may be found in Nucor's latest 10-K and subsequently filed 10-Qs which are available on the SEC's and Nucor's website. The forward-looking statements made in this conference call can speak only as of this date and Nucor does not assume any obligation to update them either as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

For opening remarks and introductions, I would like to turn the call over to Mr. Leon Topalian, President and Chief Executive Officer of Nucor Corporation. Please go ahead.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Good afternoon and thank you for joining us for our fourth quarter earnings call. We hope everyone on the call is having a good start to the year and staying safe and healthy. The last 12 months have been incredibly challenging on so many different levels. The pandemic has impacted businesses and markets and taken a tremendous toll on so many that have cared for and lost loved ones during this time. The distractions we have faced as a nation and as a company are significant, yet the Nucor team has never lost its way in delivering the safest year in our history.

Let me repeat that again. 2020 was the safest year in the history of our company. I'm extremely grateful for the hard work, dedication, ownership of our nearly 27,000 team members who made this result possible. While there still is a great deal of work ahead of us in our journey to become the world's safest steel company, I am more convinced than ever that this team will accomplish our goal. To our Nucor teammates, thank you. I am proud for you all. Well done. Now let's make 2021 our safest year ever.

Joining me today on the call are the members of Nucor's executive team including Jim Frias, our Chief Financial Officer; Dave Sumoski; Chief Operating Officer; Al Behr, responsible for Plate and Structural products; Craig Feldman, responsible for Raw Materials; Doug Jellison, responsible for DJJ and Logistics; Greg Murphy, responsible for Business Services and our General Counsel; Ray Napolitan, responsible for Engineered Bar Products; Rex Query, responsible for Sheet and Tubular Products; MaryEmily Slate, responsible for our Commercial Strategy; Chad Utermark, responsible for Fabricated Construction Products; and Dan Needham, who will be joining our Charlotte team on February 1 and be responsible for Bar products.

At the end of the year, we announced several changes to our executive team. Dave Sumoski was promoted to Chief Operating Officer. Dave has been with Nucor since 1995 and has led multiple steel product groups and strategic initiatives. Most recently, combining our domestic rebar steel mill and fabrication businesses. Dave is uniquely positioned to help Nucor continue to build lasting partnerships while executing our enterprisewide strategy. MaryEmily Slate has taken on the new role as Executive Vice President for Commercial. This is the first time we have had an EVP level leader in this role at Nucor. The purpose is to enhance our ability to focus on our key markets and to better connect with our customers, meaning the future needs of our customers while maintaining and maximizing the benefits of the broad and diversified offering of Nucor will be a vital function of MaryEmily's team as we move forward.

I'd also like to welcome four new team members to our executive team. Rex Query; Doug Jellison; Greg Murphy and Dan Needham. Each of these executive management team promotions will enhance our ability to serve our customers and our shareholders.

Business conditions remained strong in the fourth quarter with improving pricing and healthy volumes across our diverse product portfolio. Of particular note, utilization rates at our sheet mills and plate mills continue their sharp upturn in the fourth quarter. While we were pleased with our operating performance and cash flow for the period, our earnings were impacted by non-cash charges, which were more than offset by tax benefits recognized in the quarter. The most substantial of these were related to our agreement to exit from the Duferdofin-Nucor joint venture and the impairment charge writing down the value of our of our Castrip operations, both of which impacted our steel mills segment earnings.

The capabilities of our new state-of-the-art cold mill in the Generation 3 galvanizing line we have under construction at Nucor Arkansas, have diminished our utilization of Castrip. We do plan on continuing to fully support existing customers as well as the technology to further improve Castrip's product offerings for Castrip licensees. The non-cash charge that we recorded upon exiting the Duferdofin-Nucor joint venture was actually more than offset by a tax benefit related to our investment. So it did not hurt our net income for the quarter. Jim Frias will elaborate more in his opening remarks.

Turning now to comment on 2020 as a whole. The year ended on much stronger than anyone would have anticipated when the pandemic first took hold of our global economy in March of last year. Our team and our business model proved to be incredibly resilient, and we were able to take advantage of the stronger than expected recovery, because of the Nucor team doing an excellent job keeping our mills running reliably and safely throughout the volatility that characterize 2020. This allowed us to reliably fulfill our customers' requirements. Our focus remains on continuing to deliver a differentiated value proposition to meet and exceed our customers' needs.

Looking at specific end use markets. Construction remained strong throughout the pandemic and automotive was quick to recover in the second half of the year, after shutting down in the second quarter. Together, these two markets account for nearly two-thirds of steel consumption. We are aware of certain leading indicators signaling a downturn in non-res construction activity, but so far we don't see much evidence of that. Our company is well positioned in attractive sub-segments of the non-res construction market. There are areas of strength, most notably warehouses and data centers that may not be fully reflected in the ABI and other indicators. We have worked to build relationships in these sub-segments that are bright spots, ensuring that we are providing the best solutions across steel making and steel products to serve those customers.

We are cautiously optimistic that a significant infrastructure spending bill will be passed by Congress and signed by the new President this year. After years of talk, this must get done. We are still driving on roads and bridges designed and built during the Eisenhower administration. This is not sustainable. We would not be surprised if the funding bill focused in part on green infrastructure spending, including renewable power generation and transmission. Nucor is well positioned to meet our country's needs of environmentally friendly steel and steel products. With roughly 50% of our steel used in the construction sector, there is arguably no company more poised and ready to meet the needs of rebuilding our country than Nucor.

In the automotive market we believe demand should continue its rebound. We think 2021 light vehicle production in North America will be around 16 million vehicles. Having ramped up the fall contract season, we feel good about our prospects for continuing share gains in the automotive market. The investments we have made at our sheet mills in Arkansas and in Kentucky to expand our production of value-added products are paying off. Demand from the oil and gas sector continues to be weak, even as oil prices have been rising along with many other commodities. I think that's significant continued improvement and that market is going to depend on how quickly vaccines can get out to large number of people and how long it takes for commuting and travel patterns to approach pre-pandemic levels.

Strong demand growth from the renewable energy sector has partially offset the weakness in oil. Our sales to the renewable power sector have been very strong this year with steel making segment orders related to these markets growing by double-digits compared to the 2019 total. The renewable power market is one Nucor is targeting and many of our steel and steel products are essential to its continued build out. We relied primarily on recycled steel to make these products and they themselves are 100% recyclable. This fact positions us well as the supplier of choice here as we see sustainability and product transparency becoming a more important factor and product sourcing decisions in the renewable power sector and most other end use markets. We are also seeing signs that other end use markets will rebound from this past year's depressed levels including heavy duty trucks, heavy equipment and agriculture.

Turning to our strategic growth projects. We continue to make excellent progress on them during the fourth quarter. Our new rebar micro mill in Frostproof, Florida started up operations on schedule in December. Congratulations to the entire Nucor Steel Florida team for getting this new steel mill up and running on time and for doing it safely. This past October, we celebrated the groundbreaking of our new steel plate mill in Kentucky. Our Nucor Steel Brandenburg team has done a great job keeping the project on schedule throughout this year and we are moving at full speed to bring the state-of-the-art plate mill to market during the fourth quarter of 2022. We're also making great progress on our expansion project at our Gallatin sheet mill. The expansion project is expected to start up in the second half of this year.

With regards to some of our facilities that are in operation, I'm pleased to report the new pickle galvanizing line at Gallatin had an excellent first full year of operation, despite the pandemic, shipping 39% more tons than we projected when we approved the project. Year one profitability was also ahead of plan. Gallatin's entry into the value-added coated sheet market has proven very timely with a strong flat rolled market conditions that emerged in the second half of 2020 and are continuing into Q1 2021. We have experienced very strong customer acceptance of Gallatin's coated product as we further develop target markets that include automotive, solar, tubing, roll forming, grain storage, culvert and cooling towers. Also the new cold mill at Nucor Steel Arkansas has gotten off to a strong start with shipments almost 30% ahead of our initial plan for the mill. Strong customer acceptance rates following trials were conducted throughout 2020 meaning that the new mill is now book out for this year at 85% of its nameplate capacity for contract customers. We are looking forward to running our first prime coil of our new Gen 3 galvline at Arkansas later this year. This is slightly behind our original schedule, due primarily to the slowdown in capital expenditures we instituted around the beginning of the pandemic.

Our new rebar micro mill in Sedalia has also exceeded our expectations. The team there have generated a solid operating profit during the most recent quarter and its spooled rebar product continues to be well received by our customers. At our galvanizing line joint venture with JFE in Mexico, we are back up running after government mandated shutdown and beginning to ship coils to automotive customers. Congratulations to the team there. Our Kankakee, Illinois bar mill completed commissioning of its new MBQ rolling mill in December. While the timeline of this project was slightly extended due to COVID related disruptions, customer acceptance of the new products has been extremely strong. We expect to achieve positive cash flow from this investment in Q1.

Construction on upgrades at Kankakee melt shop, including a new caster ladle stir station will begin in Ernest in February with final commissioning of this equipment expected in Q4 of this year. This investment will significantly improve the energy efficiency of the Kankakee mill.

Before I turn the call over to Jim, Let me give a shout out to our teammates at Louisiana DRI operations. As many of you are aware, we took some downtime at Louisiana in 2019 and have invested approximately $200 million to enhance operational reliability there. It has really paid off. In 2020, the Nucor Steel Louisiana team set new records for production, shipping and operating hours. Most importantly, our team there accomplished all of this while operating safely for more than 450 consecutive days. Later this quarter we will finish our work improving Louisiana's ore yard.

With that let me turn the call over to Jim to provide more details about our financial performance and outlook for the first part of 2021. Jim?

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

Thanks, Leon. Fourth quarter earnings of $1.30 per diluted share exceeded our guidance range of $1.15 to $1.20 per diluted share. As detailed in our news release, results for the just completed quarter included a number of non-operational items that were not included in our guidance. After-tax effects, again for the items not included in our guidance, the total impact has reduced [Phonetic] net income by just under $34 million or approximately $0.11 per diluted share. Earnings significantly exceed our guidance as the pace of margin expansion at our steel mills surpassed our expectations. Conditions improved for many of our businesses throughout the quarter and now are the strongest they've been in some years.

As Leon mentioned and as detailed in our news release, we were able to claim tax deductions related to our investment in Duferdofin-Nucor joint venture that more than offset the related loss on assets we recorded in the fourth quarter. Cash provided by operating activities for full year 2020 was $2.7 billion. Nucor's free cash flow or cash provided by operations minus capital spending was $1.2 billion in 2020, comfortably exceeding cash dividends paid to stockholders of $492 million. Over the last three years Nucor has generated $3.9 billion of free cash flow even as we reinvested $4 billion in our businesses.

As mentioned on previous calls, we have intensified our focus on maintaining appropriate working capital levels and reducing the asset base we require to generate strong profitability. I am happy to report that even as steel market demand and pricing has rebounded strongly in recent months, our tons of raw material inventory are actually down by more than 6% from the prior year-end. At the close of the fourth quarter, our cash, short-term investments and restricted cash holdings totaled just under $3.2 billion. Nucor's liquidity also includes our undrawn $1.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, which matures in April of 2023. Total long-term debt including the current portion was approximately $5.3 billion. Gross debt as a percent of total capital was 32%, while net debt represented 13% of total capital.

The flexibility provided by Nucor's low-cost operating model and financial strength continues to be a critical underpinning to our company's ability to grow long-term earnings power and return capital to our shareholders. Dividends and share repurchases totaled $531 million or 74% of net income during 2020. And with the dividend increase announced in December, Nucor has increased its base dividend for 48 consecutive years, every year since we first began paying dividends in 1973.

Speaking of growing long-term earnings power, let me take a moment to provide a brief run down on where we stand on some of our organic growth projects. Three projects started operations in 2019. A new specialty cold rolling mill at our Arkansas Sheet Mill, our rolling mill modernization at our Ohio rebar mill and a hot band galvanizing line at our Kentucky Sheet Mill. Another four projects started production during 2020. Our rebar micro mill in Missouri, our Illinois merchant bar rolling mill, our joint venture sheet steel galvanizing line in Mexico and our Florida rebar micro mill. The remaining three projects are the expansion and modernization of our Kentucky Sheet Mill, our Generation 3 flexible galvanizing line at our Arkansas Sheet Mill and our Kentucky plate mill. At the close of 2020 remaining capital expenditures for these three are approximately $1.9 billion. With the Kentucky plate mill project representing about three-fourths of that total. We expect that Nucor's total capital spending for 2021 will be in the area of $2 billion. Approximately 80% of the 2021 spending is to improve product capabilities and reduce costs.

Turning to the outlook for the first quarter of 2021. As Leon indicated, we are encouraged by a number of positive factors impacting our markets. We expect earnings in the first quarter of 2021 to be significantly higher than our reported results for the fourth quarter of 2020. We expect the performance of the steel mills segment in the first quarter of 2021 as the primary driver for this increase as our sheet, plate, bar and structural mills are all forecasting increased profitability. Our downstream steel product segments performance in the first quarter is expected to decrease compared to the fourth quarter of 2020 due to typical seasonal patterns and some margin compression due to a lag between rising steel input costs and increased selling prices. The raw materials segment performance in the first quarter is expected to be significantly improved due to higher raw materials selling prices.

Thank you for your interest in our company. Leon?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you Jim. And we'd be now happy to take any of your questions.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

[Operator Instructions] And our first question will come from Seth Rosenfeld with Exane BNP.

Seth Rosenfeld -- Exane BNP Paribas -- Analyst

Good afternoon. Thank you for taking our questions today. If I get on please with the questions specifically on your raw materials segment. Obviously various line performance this last quarter, I was wondering if you can touch on a little bit your own expectations for scrap prices as we look ahead to 2021. I thought it's been a very strong last couple of months. What would be your expectation going into the February supplement and longer term given the growth in domestic EAF capacity where you see domestic scrap prices settling out. And as a follow-up please. You touched on earlier some of the work within your DRI business in Louisiana was easily paying off? Can you give us a little bit of color and the level of profitability in Louisiana and your broader DRI business and how should we think about that progressing going forward? Is there more upside or do we already have pretty strong level at Q4? Thank you.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Okay. Seth I'll start with the back half of your question regarding the DRI and while we don't specifically call out the individual divisions profitability what I would tell you is the results that I shared with you in my opening remarks regarding Louisiana's performance and reliability for uptime, again there are incredible safety record and the things that they've continued to be able to improve in our reliability is going to yield stronger financial performance. What I'd like to do now is maybe invite Craig Feldman -- Craig to share just a little bit of backdrop around scrap, where we're seeing some of the metallic spreads as well as how you think about prime scrap as we move forward. So Craig why don't you jump in and then I'll maybe close at the end.

Craig A. Feldman -- Executive Vice President, Raw Materials

Sure Leon. Thank you. And Seth thanks for the question. You asked the question about longer term view on scrap. Our crystal ball probably isn't significantly better than yours. So let me just share a few thoughts with you though. We certainly do anticipate a near term correction in the month of February, which I guess is not all that surprising given the nearly $200 increase that we've seen in the last 90 days or so. In fact, we've already seen some international scrap prices notably Turkey fall here just really in the recent days. So we certainly see some moderate corrections from the January level -- levels, especially on obsolete grades which are highly elastic and where flows have really been pretty good recently.

Prime scrap grades are also likely to moderate a bit, but we don't believe will fall as much as the obsolete grades. February pricing would likely be down $30 to $50 a ton depending on both the grade and the region, but we would certainly characterize that as a, I would say a fairly normal correction, given the size of the recent run up in prices. And just a couple of other things, and Leon alluded to this in his opening remarks. But there's some other factors that work here too. The overall commodity price environment is pretty darn solid and I don't think Leon mentioned this, but a relatively weak dollar really could help put a floor under that, really sustain the general commodity environment.

The other thing I would point to is there are some seasonal factors. The month of February is typically a pretty weak month for scrap pricing overall and meanwhile March typically sees higher prices. And we track this pretty closely with some heat maps, as you might imagine Seth. Historically, scrap prices in the calendar month of February are either flat or down around 70% of the time and we're going back to last 20 years or so. And March is the exact opposite of that with prices rising or flat around 70% of the time. So we certainly could see some exceptions to those trends, but we really believe that this year will follow that more typical seasonal pattern, if you will.

So bottom line, our near-term view on scrap pricing is some downward pressure and it is likely to stabilize after that. And if I may one final comment on this, just an observation with regard to scrap and steel pricing and this may not be fully apparent or intuitive to the most folks. But scrap pricing follows steel pricing and not the other way around. Again steel demand and steel pricing lead scrap demand and scrap prices and as Jim and Leon alluded to in their opening remarks, our view is pretty darn optimistic right now. So hopefully that gives you some color.

Seth Rosenfeld -- Exane BNP Paribas -- Analyst

Great, thank you very much.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks Craig.

Craig A. Feldman -- Executive Vice President, Raw Materials

Thanks, Seth.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Moving on, we'll go to David Gagliano with BMO Capital Markets.

David Gagliano -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Hi. Thanks for taking my question. I just have really just one. I was wondering if you can talk a little bit more about the spending plans beyond the $2 billion in 2021 given the timing of the remaining capital spend on the Kentucky plate now. I know it's early, but can you just give us a bit of a sense as to what your thoughts are with regards to 2022 on the capital spend timing?

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

Yes, this is Jim. I'll take a shot at that. I had some things in my opening comments regarding capital spending and I'm trying to find that to make sure I repeat it in the exact, the same fashion. When we think about 2021 spending, roughly $900 million of that will be on the plate mill, roughly $250 million of it is going to be on Gallatin and roughly another $100 million is going to be completing the galvanizing line in Arkansas. And we have about $1.9 billion overall on those three projects going forward. So you can then extrapolate off of that, what's left beyond 2021 in those projects. $1.9 billion minus the $900 million and $250 million and $100 million and that ties what's going to carry over roughly into 2022. Beyond that we're always working on possible capital projects across our portfolio and it's way premature of us talking about what new major capital projects could be at first. But there is always ideas that are being worked on across the company.

David Gagliano -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Okay. Can you remind us again is maintenance capex again is what these days?

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

There is no exact number, but we think it's been in the range of $400 million to $500 million and it's never pure maintenance as you know as we said in our comments, a significant portion of this year's capex roughly 80% can be categorized as creating some incremental value by reducing costs to broadening our value-add product mix.

David Gagliano -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Okay. That's all. Thank you.

Operator

And moving on, we'll go to Timna Tanners with Bank of America Securities.

Timna Tanners -- Bank of America Securities -- Analyst

Hey, good afternoon, everyone.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Good afternoon, Timna. How are you?

Timna Tanners -- Bank of America Securities -- Analyst

Thanks. I wanted to ask a little bit more to understand the flat rolled segments volume and pricing and not to dwell on the past, but just on, looking at your average realized selling price in the fourth quarter, it rose like $80 a ton and the spot increase that we calculated at least was about 3 times that. So I'm just trying to figure out how to do the right calculation in terms of the average realized selling price for you guys on flat rolled, especially as we see this really sharp increase into the first quarter. Trying to think about how to calculate that? And then along those same lines, what -- can you remind us, what is the capability of the flat rolled segment, because when I look at your volume shy of 2.3 million that was less than the first quarter, and given how high prices where I would have expected volumes to be maxed out. So can you just run through what the capabilities and how to think about prices? That would be great.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. Why don't I start off and MaryEmily if you've got some comments regarding kind of how we look forward in terms of the contract versus spot market. But at the end of the day Timna I'll begin kind of little broader and so as we think about the supply demand picture, the demand side, really to give all product groups are incredibly strong. We're at or near historic levels of backlogs in almost every product groups that that we have including our downstream groups as well. Order activity and entry rates remain very robust and continue to be strong. I think a further strengthening sign of that or supported that. As we talk to our customers, they're experiencing similar things with their customers and incredibly strong backlogs order, entry rates again at the customer level. So as we look forward and I think Jim framed out well in his opening remarks, as we look at our sheet mills, but really all product groups, but in particular as we look at Q1 we see any significant improvement as we move forward. Emily you want to share just a little bit about again how we're looking at 2021 and now that we completed the contract here.

MaryEmily Slate -- Executive Vice President, Commercial

Absolutely. Thank you for that question Timna. In fourth quarter we actually were still working on contracts for 2020 and as we talked before there is a lag in contract pricing. It's usually done on a monthly or quarterly basis and we're really well positioned. You saw that increase in fourth quarter, but we're really well positioned going into 2021 with a healthy contract versus spot mix. And I think one area to note is that almost 20% of our sheet capacity is dedicated to internal downstream customers, including Vulcraft Building systems and Nucor Tubular. And each of these businesses are growing, doing very well, projecting very good years and our backlog right now is at close to historic high and it's about 50% better than this time last year. And so, as I stated that 20% is for internal downstream customers and then we also have about 50% to 55% of our capacity locked at with external customer contracts. The pricing follows the market on a monthly or quarterly basis. Does that answer your question?

Timna Tanners -- Bank of America Securities -- Analyst

I was on mute. Sorry, I guess, but I mean in the first quarter you also had strong internal sales from what I could tell in fact if anything your tubular products were higher in the first quarter than the second quarter? So I'd just trying to figure that out. And I understand that you have contract business, and I don't expect you to detail it and tell your customers on the line and all that. But if you only achieved a third of the spot price increase in the last quarter than that would have suggest that you have contract tons absorbing more than half of your quarter-over-quarter move, just back of the envelope. So I'm just wondering, do we expect like the similar contract percentages of fixed versus variable or lag variable into the future? Has anything changed in your contract structure? And is it possible to regain the volumes you did in the first quarter or is the fourth quarter a better run rate?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Timna let me jump in. First off, I think it's important to remember these contracts are about fixed-price contracts. Like there are things that slowly have been [Indecipherable], again that exact writedown as you described on the back of the envelope, we are not bringing that on this call, but at the end of the day, there is a lag effect on the way up and as well on the way down and so our expectation as we move forward, yes, there is obviously more opportunities because the price increases that we've passed and certainly the movement that you've seen in the indices like CRU, we think are going to move forward and stay strong.

In terms of the volume our sheet mills are operating at a incredibly high utilization rate at -- well they are at capacity and so that we see continuing and again I think their production levels will stay very high.

Craig A. Feldman -- Executive Vice President, Raw Materials

Yes. Timna some details on capacity utilization. We marked our capacity at 2,942,000 tons for the fourth quarter, and we actually produced 2,902.000 tons, so we computed 98.65% utilization rates. Now the reason as shipments are so different compared to the first quarter, we may have had some extra inventory at the end of 2019 that helped us boost our shipments. We do have more downstream processing now with more galvanizing lines. So with inventory in our system is probably a little higher when we think about what fits for the Gallatin that would have just concentrate to have been shipped in the past. So there's other factors that come into play in terms of the timing on the shipment versus production. But we would expect to have a strong shipping month in the first quarter as well as a strong production month.

Timna Tanners -- Bank of America Securities -- Analyst

Okay, thank you. If I have room for another one. I just wanted to get your thoughts on the like higher level philosophical view on the scrap market. So I know we talked about the near-term dynamic, which makes a lot of sense. But if you listen to Steel Dynamics call they sounded pretty relaxed about scrap availability, even with all the new capacity consuming more scrap over the next couple of years. And if you listen to Cliff's [Phonetic] they'll tell you that there's going to be a run on scrap. So, kind of wanted to hear where Nucor stands in terms of your perspective and clearly you have the DRI capability that enables you to be more vertically integrated in the iron units, but do you think that it's going to be an issue? Do you think that it makes sense to expand your position? Just would be great to hear your thoughts.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, maybe I'll kick it off and Jim or Craig jump in if you've got some other points. As we look out to the long-term as the mix continues to shift from integrating mills to EAFs and getting about 70% of the steel making capacity today in the United States. The EAF sector demand on prime scrap is going to stay very tight, that's going to only increase. As we've pointed out on previous calls, because we need more prime, the automakers are going to make more units, because the steel mills need that scrap. So the high metallic, the quality metallics side of things and controlling our own downstream input to that for us is really very strategic and so I don't think we're at a point where we're going to increase the efforts there. There are things that we're doing every day to continue to maximize that investments in Louisiana and continuing some of those investments in the ore yard to increase the efficiency and increase the yield and throughputs there will be areas of that.

But again as we move forward, I do see is more EAF based mill come online and the demand as we move up the value chain even for ourselves in automotive, this year had put continued pressure on the prime market. Craig anything you'd like to add to that.

Craig A. Feldman -- Executive Vice President, Raw Materials

Yes, actually I do. And you touched on some of it, but Timna you're right, there is a lot of dialog around this topic and it's something that we've been thinking about for frankly for years. We do agree with the assertion that high quality metallics as Leon just said will become tighter going forward. Even obsolete grades, we do envision that getting tighter with the conversion from integrated to EAF. And maybe what I'd like to talk about more is what we've been doing and preparing for in that regard and how -- what we've been doing with our overall raw material strategy if I could.

And I guess the key to that strategy really is around our flexibility and optionality and it's really around three key components that give us access to an influence over our total raw material needs. And first of all and we talk about this a lot with regard to the DRI plants, but our capability there is roughly 4 million tons of high quality material and those plants, the two DRI plants really can reach all of our DRI consuming mills on the river of the East Coast in a very economical or freight logical way. And as Leon alluded to that the Louisiana team really has made tremendous progress to improve the production and the reliability and meanwhile, and sometimes, it gets overlooked because we wanted a team in Trinidad, just keeps chugging along and they've got a long history of low-cost production and really world-class quality and reliability in the way they produce DRI.

And the second leg of this is really the David Joseph Company or DJJ recycling operations with 4 million to 5 million tons a year of ferrous processing capacity, and they're just really well positioned to supply our own mills. Most of these DJJ locations and there's about 65 sites in total are focused on producing scrap again within the freight logical range of our own mills. And we continue to, I would say opportunistically add capacity to the DJJ processing platform as we did in the last 18 months or so with a handful of tuck-in acquisitions, including a couple of shredders.

And finally the third leg of the overall strategy is again the DJJ brokerage and trading team really gives excellent coverage of both the domestic and international markets from a -- on a third-party supply basis, which we think is a big advantage. And I know the DJJ brokerage team prides itself on knowing its supply base extremely well and has access to scrap and scrap substitutes not only in the US but globally. And for example, the team did a really nice job here recently with the tightness in supply, which I do believe, Timna, back to your question is symptomatic of what we're going to see in the future. But they've been able to capitalize on both, some I would say long-standing relationships with key supply partners, but also into some areas of the world that we haven't been to in a long time. And they've done a really good job with that to secure all the material need despite those supply constraints.

So to sum it up, yes, we certainly envision the metallics market could and probably will tighten up, but the flexibility and the options that we have from our own DRI scrap processing assets of around 8 million or 9 million tons a year in total, along with the third-party relationships that gives us the access and influence just on the material that we have or own assets dedicated to gives us about one-third of our total metallics demand covered. So that 8 million to 9 million tons represents about a third. So yes, I feel very confident, very comfortable on our ability to economically and efficiently secure metallics needs going forward. Will it be the normal market gyrations, of course, but feel like our strategies are well established and we're in a good spot to navigate it well. Hopefully, it gives you the electric color Timna.

Timna Tanners -- Bank of America Securities -- Analyst

Yes, no, for sure. Thanks guys.

Operator

[Operator Instructions] Moving on, we'll go to Carlos De Alba with Morgan Stanley.

Carlos De Alba -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Yes. Thank you very much. Good afternoon. So, two questions if I may. Just first one. How do you see the profitability in the downstream businesses and throughout the year? Do you expect the bottom in the first quarter as you highlighted obviously a sequential decline there? But do you think we will see the bottom in the coming months and then improvements as we move into the second quarter? And then the other question is regarding working capital. Again any comments that you can provide us there in terms of the evolution of working capital throughout the year? That'll be a useful. Thank you.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks for the question, Carlos. And let me begin with the first one and Chad Utermark, I might ask you to chime in as well, if I don't cover all of this. But at the end of the day, 2020 was, as I mentioned in my opening remarks, certainly a very challenging year and at the same time Carlos, Nucor downstream businesses we had three product groups that set record for profitability. And so we ended up in a very, very strong position. And again as we moved forward, looking at our order entry rates and backlogs, we were at or near historic highs. And so while we expect to see some compression there, the recent price increases or metal margins are actually going to continue to grow in most businesses. Again certainly the downstream side, we will face a little bit of compression, but again it's coming off again in most of our downstream near record profitability standpoint. So again, we do see it staying very strong as we move forward.

To your point around working capital, that's something that we as a team are really proud of our executive leadership team. The onset of this pandemic in February last year we met and we put some things in place with our leadership across all of the mills and operations to be incredibly disciplined and took very, very deliberate steps to manage our working inventory in scrap, in finished goods and that discipline and that -- well that discipline is going to continue and it has continued. And so we're now long and we think about the product, which we're now long in scrap, we're now long in the steel mills providing two of our downstream product groups. So we feel very good about the through cycle profitability of all of our businesses. Chad, any comments you like to add on the product segment?

D. Chad Utermark -- Executive Vice President, Fabricated Construction Products

Yes, thanks, Leon. And Carlos, thanks for that question. Yes, I want to echo what was said by Leon and Jim about the forward look, that we see in non-res construction and for most of our downstream businesses and we are very excited as we enter 2021. And I know there are some sources out there that are indicating non-res may not be as strong as perhaps we say it is or even looking into the future, but we derive our business outlook from numerous sources. But we do put a heavy emphasis on our customer input and our internal order entry data points. And we are excited as many of our downstream businesses have very strong backlogs and as in some cases, we have a record backlogs, all time record backlogs as we head into 2021.

And also we monitor our recent quoting activity. And I can tell you in a lot of our businesses over the last four, five, six, seven weeks, we've seen activity rise. I want to repeat something Jim Frias said in his opening comments. And while we respect and do monitor the industry trade group data, we offer that some of the rising non-res construction arenas may not be fully reflected in that architectural data. So our strong relationships with key customers, our breadth of products that we offer to the market, I guess I would just summarize by saying we're excited as we head into 2021. There will be some compression in some of our downstream businesses with rising steel costs, but those prices are being passed on in the marketplace, are being accepted and we look forward to the coming months. Thanks, Leon.

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

Carlos, this is Jim Frias. I just want to add two ideas. One I want to say on commercial discipline. Leon touched on how the team got together and was very thoughtful about managing working capital as a result of the crisis. We also were very thoughtful about the volatility downward in pricing that we're seeing last summer and not getting caught up in that and taking too much business on our books at below market pricing. And so that discipline has positioned us well as we go into 2021 to not have a lot of low priced backlog to work through. And so, yes, with the extreme movement in steel prices we've seen in the last 90 days, there is some minor compression at downstream business, but this can be minor, set the first point.

And then back to your question on working capital. We think by use of working capital to think about on a tons basis will be similar. Scrap prices will be relatively flat. We think inventory values will be relatively flat. But receivables values will go up because still we are pricing on average selling price will be higher in Q1 than they were in Q4. So we'll let you estimate, what you think average prices are going up to take that times the amount of tons we ship and that should be the build working capital for one month, because we basically pull out receivables in about 30 days. And I think that's pretty much it. So thank you for the question.

Carlos De Alba -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Thank you very much.

Operator

Next we'll hear from Tyler Kenyon with Cowen & Company.

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

Thanks very much. Good afternoon. Just -- first question here on the wind down of the Duferdofin JV. Was there operating headwinds from that JV in 2020 and was that flowing through the steel mills segment. Just curious with how large that is then?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

When you say an operating wind down, you mean, were we incurring operating losses at the joint venture?

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

Correct. And was that flowing through the steel mills segment?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, it was incurring operating losses. They were not very material, but they were generating losses and it was going through steel mills segment.

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

Okay. And then just maybe your outlook just for start-up costs as we move into the New Year and maybe in comparison to 2020 that I believe we're over $100 million?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, we did $28 million in the fourth quarter in both '19 and '20 relatively flat just over $100 million. We're going to start up with the first quarter pre-operating start-up being about $42 million and it's probably going to be on average higher than last year. It might be in the range of $120 million. We don't really give the one year outlook. But I would think that that $40 million pace is probably going to be the right range. We're going to have a few areas winding down the Galletin and Brandenburg will be ramping up. So we'll get more of the updates as we go, but right now $42 million in Q1. And there is another part of your question I wanted to speak to and I lost track of it. What's the part I didn't answer.

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

No. That was -- that's helpful. And I just wanted to ask one more.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Go ahead.

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

I'm sorry, I just wanted to ask one more on the capex. So Jim, you said roughly $2 billion for 2021. If I sum all the spend this year, just on the major projects the plate mill, the Gallatin expansion and Galvan in Arkansas, I get about $1.25 billion and then assuming $400 million, $500 million of maintenance related spend, the difference is a bucket somewhere around $300 million, $350 million. Just curious as to what kind of projects these are? It sounds like it may be additional growth and maybe how we should be thinking about that bucket moving into 2022?

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

One of the projects was at our NYX plant we had a roughing mill that had been in service since the infancy of NYS which makes the bigger sections. And it had really been reaching its end of useful life, we need to replace a bubble and replaced it. We didn't just replace it with [Indecipherable] put something in that was more robust could -- Leon you should speak steadily, I started, why don't you pitch in, I'll continue with...

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Actually I think you were doing great. I might invite Al there. Why don't you just quickly share with how are the tremendous work at the NYX team has done in bringing that project online and really expanding the capability of what ranges they can run is again that investment wasn't just a maintenance replacement. So Al why don't you make a few comments?

Al Behr -- Executive Vice President, Plate and Structural Products

Yes, I'm happy to. And thanks Alex. I want to make sure we addressed your question, because that was a 2020 project. Were you asking about '21 or '20?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

He was asking about both. He wanted to know what we put in the bucket for 2020 and then what's going to be in '21. So I'll talk about '21, if you could sort of give him what it was for '20 and maybe what's that project capabilities are?

Al Behr -- Executive Vice President, Plate and Structural Products

Yes. So that was about $145 million Alex at our Arkansas B mill and that was just a modernization of one of the rolling mills and it's not -- it's an example of one of the many capital projects we do that don't always get a lot of press, the new stuff, the new mills for good reason, get a lot of press, but we continually upgrade and add to the capabilities of these mills on a regular basis. So that gave us improvements in quality, certainly in safety and flexibility and agility, the ability to move between sections more seamlessly. And so I think it's a great example of that. Our mills -- that mill has been around for 30 years, it's not a 30-year-old mill by any stretch. It's continually upgraded its state-of-the-art and we maintain those facilities to be competitive into the future. So we're excited about that and I think it -- we'll ensure that we maintain our leadership position in beams and compete effectively for a number of more years.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

And I would just add Tyler that there are projects of the similar nature. Next year we are doing some investing in our process gas business adding process gas plant at Gallatin and Brandenburg those I think are in that $40 million, $50 million range each. And then there's another project that is being work ended. Our team has asked us to keep silent, because we're still negotiating some things, but it's in the mid $100 million range, like $150 million range kind of project. We'll talk more about that in future ones some things are finalized in terms of negotiations.

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

Thanks very much.

Operator

And next we'll hear from Alex Hacking with Citi.

Alex Hacking -- Citi -- Analyst

Yes. Good afternoon and thanks for the call. I have a couple of questions. The first one is just on the cadence of the ramp up at Gallatin, obviously with flat roll market so tight, there's a lot of interest and exactly how much tonnage Gallatin can contribute in the second half of the year. So, any color there, I would appreciate. And then secondly just following up on Timna's question around metallics. If we go back 12, 18 months ago, that's quite a bit of chat in the marketplace about some of the North American integrated mills might be interested in selling pig iron, haven't really heard much about that recently and obviously some of the structure there has changed on the integrated side. From where you sit, is that something that seems like it could be possible at some point. And would that help ease up some of the potential tightness in prime scrap? Thanks.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Hey. Alex, thanks for the questions. I'll start with the back half of your question or the second question around metallics first and maybe ask Dave Sumoski to address the -- your opening question. As we -- look the short answer we looked at the domestic supply have pig iron absolutely. But the caveat is at a price competitive point in the marketplace. And so if those integrated can come back on and in produce pig iron at a competitive price, we will absolutely be planning up and purchasing pig iron domestically. But again, that certainly is a challenge. We will see what happens and to your point, several of our competitors have talked about restarts in doing just that. And we'll see how that unfolds and as we move forward but that's -- I'm certainly not going to speak to their strategies in executing. But again, it's got to be at a price competitive standpoint and today, I'm not sure if they can reset that cost or not. So really no other comment to add there. Dave, do you want to comment on the first part of his question.

David A. Sumoski -- Chief Operating Officer

Yes, sure. Alex, our Gallatin mill was the expansion will be able to produce about 3 million tons a year, which is about 1.4 million ton add. And the start-up is in the fourth quarter. So it's hard to imagine if there will be any material tonnage coming out of Gallatin this year, but the start-up beginning of next year-well, the start-up at the end of this year goes smoothly, we'll be able to run that rate sometime in the first quarter.

Alex Hacking -- Citi -- Analyst

Perfect. Thanks so much.

Operator

Next we'll hear from Chris Terry with Deutsche Bank.

Chris Terry -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Hi, Leon and Jim and team. Thanks for taking my questions. I just had two. Just wanted to flush out one final thing on the capex. I know you talked about this a bit on the call, but just looking at 2020 the guidance $1.7 billion has been about $1.5 billion and then 2021 the $2 billion, I think, is unchanged. I just wanted to check, is that -- catch up from 2020 is that now not in play, because that was sort of like an unallocated project that you're talking about? Or should we expect that to then be added back in '22?

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, that's a great question Chris. It's -- when we estimate capex, we have aligned each between the business units and I think that sometimes you get a bit conservative in trying to make sure that they give us the maximum amount we are going to spend in any year. And so that was the reason for the shortfall and there will be carryover what we didn't spend this year into next year. But I would still say that the same thing goes true for their expectations for 2021. So this would probably be carryover at the end of '21 as well. So I still think that overall spending should be in the range of $2 billion for '21, even with that carryover effect.

Chris Terry -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Okay. So, are you able to say what your '22 number of expectation is?

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

No, I cannot. I don't know.

Chris Terry -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Okay and. And just another quick one maybe for you Jim. Just the tax rate. The cash tax and the P&L tax for '21 and maybe further out, if you can maybe into '22?

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

Yes, that's a normalized tax rate is going to be in the neighborhood of 24% and -- for book purposes, but for cash purposes, obviously we received significant tax benefit this year. We paid very little tax in the first half of the year and we are going to be seeking a refund in the neighborhood of $140 million when we -- we don't have to paddle them -- we have to be in that range when we do our tax return in August as a result of the great work our tax team did this year.

To share with you folks Deb Douglas was our International Tax Manager. She's the one who figured out the opportunity to take advantage of the work to stock deduction that allowed us to capture so much value after we made the decision to exit at the end, and then of course the overall tax team including all the managers, John Taylor, Amy Cathell and the others just did a great job of doing all the year-end work that's necessary for us to come up with those figures. But we're going to have cash benefits beyond this year, because of the accelerated depreciation of big projects. And we think that over the three-year period is $575 million, if you give me a minute to look at next year's cash benefit is going to be in the neighborhood to $240 million and year after that when we finalize Gallatin because that's going to be the -- Brandenburg, that's going to be the biggest impact or it should be north of $330 million of cash benefit. But our book rate should be in a normalized range of that 24%, which includes the federal and state rate assuming there is no tax increase during that time period.

Chris Terry -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Thanks, Jim. Appreciate it.

Operator

And that does conclude our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn it back to Mr. Leon Topalian for any closing comments.

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you. I'd like to conclude by once again thanking my Nucor team for your focus and commitment to living our culture as we work through a very challenging year. As you look back and reflect on 2020, I wanted you to know that you've displayed the very best of the Nucor culture by working safely, being innovative, as we adjusted our operations, relying on team work and taking care of our customers and serving each and every one of them, both the pandemic and the process for racial justice caused us to rethink how we define safety. We started to think more broadly about how safety means to one another and how inclusive that is as a team. I'm proud of the steps we took in 2020 to commit ourselves to becoming an even more inclusive and diverse company where every team member feels a strong sense of belonging and ownership.

I've said many times during the pandemic, that will not commercial this crisis -- will emerge from this crisis, a stronger company not just financially but also culturally, and I believe we have seen the results and are already showing to be true. Thank you for your interest in our company.

Operator

[Operator Closing Remarks]

Duration: 60 minutes

Call participants:

Leon J. Topalian -- President and Chief Executive Officer

James D. Frias -- Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer & Executive Vice President

Craig A. Feldman -- Executive Vice President, Raw Materials

MaryEmily Slate -- Executive Vice President, Commercial

D. Chad Utermark -- Executive Vice President, Fabricated Construction Products

Al Behr -- Executive Vice President, Plate and Structural Products

David A. Sumoski -- Chief Operating Officer

Seth Rosenfeld -- Exane BNP Paribas -- Analyst

David Gagliano -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Timna Tanners -- Bank of America Securities -- Analyst

Carlos De Alba -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Tyler Kenyon -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst

Alex Hacking -- Citi -- Analyst

Chris Terry -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

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