Five9 Inc (FIVN) Q4 2020 Earnings Call Transcript

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Five9 Inc (FIVN 2.03%)
Q4 2020 Earnings Call
Feb 23, 2021, 9:30 p.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good day, everyone, and welcome to Five9's Fourth Quarter Fiscal Year 2020 Earnings Call. Today's webinar is being recorded.

At this time, I'd like to turn the conference over to Lauren Sloane. Please go ahead.

Lauren Sloane -- Investor Relations

Thank you. Thank you for joining us today. On the call are Rowan Trollope, CEO; Dan Burkland, President; and Barry Zwarenstein, CFO.

Certain statements made during the course of the call are not historical facts, including those regarding the future financial performance of the company, industry trends, company initiatives and other future events are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are simply predictions, should not be unduly relied upon by investors. Actual events or results may differ materially, and the company undertakes no obligation to update the information in such statements.

These statements are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect Five9's future results and cause these forward-looking statements to be inaccurate, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, our acquisition of Inference Technologies Group and other risks discussed under the caption Risk Factors and elsewhere in Five9's annual and quarterly reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

In addition, management will make reference to non-GAAP financial measures during this call, a discussion of why we use non-GAAP financial measures and information regarding the reconciliation of our GAAP versus non-GAAP results is currently available in our press release issued earlier this afternoon as well as in the appendix of our Investor deck available on the Investor Relations section of our Five9's website at investors.five9.com.

And now, I'd like to turn the call over to Five9's CEO, Rowan Trollope. Please go ahead.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Lauren and thanks to all of you for joining our call this afternoon, our very first using Zoom. I'm thrilled to share that we had outstanding results in both Q4 and 2020 driven by exceptional execution, new product innovation and a strong market. Our financial results demonstrate our accelerating leadership position in the market, and more importantly, underscore the great strides we're making on our mission to help businesses transform their contact centers and reimagine their customer experience.

First, the summary of the results. Fourth quarter revenue was $127.9 million accelerating to 39% year-over-year growth and 14% sequentially, both all-time record growth rates. For the full year of 2020, we closed with revenue of $434.9 million, an increase of 33% from 2019. In 2020, we continued the trend of increasing revenue growth rates every year since our IPO, which started in the low-20s, moved to the mid-20s, then the high-20s, and now to over 30%.

This acceleration revenue growth has been fueled primarily by increasing traction in enterprise. Enterprise customers now account for 83% of LTM revenue and enterprise revenue is mostly driven by enterprise subscription revenue, which rose to 39% from 35% last quarter. We're seeing especially strong growth in the high end of enterprise; wherein Q4, we had over 91 customers generating $1 million in ARR, up from 59 a year ago. Now, in a moment, we'll share some exciting news on orders, including a landmark enterprise deal for Five9.

Now on to commercial. We have continued to see fantastic execution by our team here and commercial business now accounts for 17% of LTM revenue and posted the year-over-year LTM growth in the teens. Now, let me turn to the bottom line. In the fourth quarter, our adjusted EBITDA margin was 22.8% and 19.7% for the full year, up approximately 120 basis points from 2019. Despite the stepped up investments we've been making, not the least of which was the 300 plus net hires we added to our team over the course of 2020.

Now, while I'm on the subject of team, I'd like to take a moment to thank our dedicated and hardworking Five9 employees for their contributions to the success of our company. I am incredibly proud of what we've achieved over the years and particularly through these very challenging times. So thank you, team.

With that, I'll turn to the market and briefly outline three of the key drivers helping to fuel our performance. First, the transition from on-prem to cloud. This transition continues to be a significant driver for us and it's accelerating as ever larger enterprises recognize the value and flexibility that's offered by the cloud delivery model.

Next digital transformation is accelerating, with Gartner recently reporting that 69% of boards have accelerated their digital transformation plans. More specifically, the topic of reimagining the customer experience is dominating most of our conversations with business leaders or increasingly focused on the contact center as the new front door for their businesses. Finally, we're seeing an emerging demand for AI-driven automation to increase efficiency, effectiveness, and optimization in the contact center and those are the top three drivers in the market.

Now, let's talk about product innovation. I am pleased to share that we've meaningfully strengthened our leadership position as a result of the investments we've made in our executive team, our doubling of R&D investments over the last two years, and with the acquisitions of Whendu, Virtual Observer and now Inference. We believe this leadership position will help us continue our new logo growth and should increase ARPU over time. And I'll share a few highlights right now.

First, we've made a big investment in our underlying cloud architecture, and I can now put a stake in the ground and say that after two years of hard work, we've reached a critical milestone in delivering a hyperscale architecture. Specifically, every Five9 product is now redesigned to run in the public cloud in a container-based architecture. What this does is it lets us leverage the many advantages of public cloud, such as storage, elastic, scaling, multi-zone redundancy and so on, just to name a few. So, to accommodate our rapid international growth, our full suite of products are now deployed in the public cloud in Canada and Europe with more rollouts coming throughout the year.

Next, we've increased the depth and breadth of our platform integrations and APIs. Our focus on Zoom and Microsoft teams' integrations, both launched in the fourth quarter and we saw over 30 deals right out of the gate. This isn't surprising given the traction that Zoom and Microsoft teams have seen in the enterprise space with Zoom recently announcing over 1 million phones sold.

Finally, our thesis around demand for AI-powered automation in the contact center is coming to fruition. And serendipitously, comes at a time when the technology has meaningfully matured. In a recent survey by Gartner, the number one priority for contact center leaders is to migrate away from human-only service to self-service through automation. To build a leadership position in this emerging category, we've launched AI-powered automation offers that target each of the three phases of an engagement in a contact center before, during and after an interaction with a human agent.

Starting with the first phase, before a human agent is even involved, our market-leading Inference IVA used this conversational AI to answer questions and perform simple tasks automatically. And here, we focus on the high volume and low value tasks that can be easily automated. For example, order status requests, address changes and so on. If the engagement cannot be handled by the IVA and a human agent needs to be involved, we pre-populate key information from the conversation that the agent is going to need. So, customers don't have to repeat themselves. Our AI-based Agent Assist then steps in and provides the human agent with real-time guidance based on the content of the conversation, covering areas like script adherence, compliance, upsell opportunities, and so on.

And finally, when the agent is wrapping up after the interaction, Agent Assist automatically summarizes the call and inserts it into the CRM system dramatically cutting the time needed for wrap-up while also meaningfully improving the quality of the summaries. Agent Assist is also deeply integrated with our workflow automation platform, formerly known as Whendu. Together, they make it really simple for contact centers to implement proactive outreach and notifications with their customers, which normally requires considerable effort and development work.

In summary, AI-powered automation is hitting its stride and the contact center is going to increasingly deploy this technology. We intend to remain at the vanguard of this transition. Our trifecta of IVAs, Agent Assist and workflow automation is delivering results today, assisting us in winning deals and generating initial revenue. So, those are just a few of the highlights on the product innovation side. But now, let me shift to our go-to-market progress.

First, we've accelerated our progress with systems integrators. In Q4, SI bookings more than doubled compared to last year and as anticipated, 2020 bookings more than tripled what they were in 2019. SI has been leaning into the cloud transition and automation opportunities, particularly around IVAs, where they can add significant value building automations, and helping customer deployments. We are now significantly more diversified by SI partner and we expect another strong year in 2021.

Next, our AT&T partnership is making great progress. Just three quarters ago, we announced the AT&T cloud contact center based on Five9. And since then, we've consistently grown, both wins and pipeline, and this will continue to be an investment for us in product development and joint go-to-market efforts, and we look forward to this contributing to our 2021 revenue and momentum.

Finally, we're accelerating our global expansion. We increased international national headcount by more than 70% year-over-year although starting from a small base. The rollout of our platform on the public cloud will be a further enabler for accelerating international expansion. We saw strong bookings in Latin America growing more than 130% year-over-year in the fourth quarter. Our acquisition of Inference with operations in Australia has added to our global footprint and will help us drive expansion with global service providers.

But without a doubt, the star of the fourth quarter was EMEA, where we won the largest deal in the history of Five9 with a leading European insurance company. This five-year deal is expected to result in nearly $12 million of annual recurring revenue to Five9 more than two times the size of our previous record for a new logo.

In conclusion, we've executed like clockwork over the last year, and we believe, we positioned Five9 to capture this massive market opportunity and expand our leadership position with only 15% cloud penetration of the $24 billion contact center software market and the potential to more than double our current TAM with labor arbitrage, through AI-powered automation technologies, we believe we have a tremendous and long runway ahead. We've invested in both organic product development and strategic acquisitions to take an early leadership position in contact center automation.

And finally, we're going to stay laser-focused on investing in four key areas, strategic enterprise go-to-market, our technology platform, international penetration, and finally, channel growth. With an innovative product portfolio and a modern cloud platform, favorable industry trends and a veteran management team, we believe we can maintain 30th level enterprise subscription growth through 2021 and beyond.

With that, I'd now like to turn it over to our President, Dan Burkland, to share some specific customer wins. Dan?

Dan Burkland -- President

Thank you, Rowan. We continue to execute strongly on all fronts with our go-to-market machine. We have all-time records for any quarter, for both enterprise net new and enterprise installed base, and a Q4 record for commercial bookings. We also had record bookings for the year in 2020 with SIs more than tripling year-over-year, as Rowan mentioned, international bookings nearly doubling year-over-year and channel bookings growing over 80% year-over-year. In addition, over 65% of our deals were influenced by partners and our pipeline continues to grow at an all-time high.

And now, I'd like to share a few key wins for the quarter. The first is our largest deal to date. This leading European insurance company, which Rowan referred to, signed a five-year contract with Five9 to modernize, innovate, and automate the customer experience they deliver throughout Europe. We competed with many solution providers from carrier hosted services to premise-based upgrade proposals to their Cisco system to several other cloud providers. Five9 was chosen for our platform security and reliability, our robust innovation and automation solutions throughout the customer journey and our superior approach to supporting this customer throughout the European markets they serve.

We're leveraging technologies, including omnichannel interactions with chat, email, and social, in addition to workflow automation, performance dashboards, video engagement, our WFO suite powered by Verint and the integration to Microsoft teams. As Rowan mentioned, we anticipate this initial order to result in nearly $12 million in annual recurring revenue to Five9.

The second example I'd like to share is a large bank based in the Southeastern US, after competing with the usual cloud competitors, Five9 was chosen for several automation capabilities, which will drive efficiency and reduce the number of human interactions required across their contact centers, supporting their 11 divisions.

The first, the most dramatic impact, occurs from incorporating IVAs from our Inference acquisition to enable self-service. The second is they are using proactive outbound IVR and SMS notifications for confirmations, new services and account activity alerts. And third, our Agent Assist AI solution, which transcribes, summarizes and dispositions calls and uploads those into their Salesforce, ServiceNow CRMs.

These automation innovations along with our WFO suite powered by Verint, including QM, WFM, speech analytics and performance dashboards will help them transform the customer experience while improving agent efficiencies. We anticipate this initial order will result in approximately $2.7 million in annual recurring revenue to Five9.

The third example is a healthcare operational and financial systems provider to hospitals and healthcare facilities throughout the world. They've been using a cloud solution from one of our key competitors, but were not achieving the reliability and support they were promised. They chose Five9 for our reliability, high touch support model, as well as our innovative technologies to allow them to fulfill their customer experience goals.

They are leveraging chat, email, visual IVR, video engagement, our workflow automation from Whendu and the full WFO suite powered by Verint. They were also looking to improve agent utilization by truly blending inbound and outbound campaigns, something that was not achievable on their previous system. We anticipate this initial order will result in approximately $2.4 million in annual recurring revenue to Five9.

And now, as I usually do, I'd like to share an example of an existing customer, who continues to expand their use of Five9. As a customer of ours since 2016, this well-known media company with streaming service of premium content in live TV was looking for contact center innovation in three subsidiaries, not being serviced by Five9. Due to our proven track record of reliability and support, ability to easily integrate with ServiceNow and Zendesk and providing self-service options to their customers throughout the experience -- through our Inference IVAs. They expanded their contract with Five9. With these additional subsidiaries, their ARR with Five9 is anticipated to go from $2.3 million to over $4.2 million.

So, as you can see, we continue to capitalize on market demand for contact center innovation. We're also seeing increased momentum as companies realize a strategic differentiation for them is to -- is the customer experience they deliver and the vast array of interaction choices they offer their customers throughout their journey. Several years ago, Rowan predicted that the contact center would change more in the next five years than it had in the previous 25 years and we are seeing that firsthand and we're helping our customers lead the way.

With that, I'll hand it over to Barry to share our financials. Barry?

Barry Zwarenstein -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Dan. First, a reminder that unless otherwise indicated, all financial figures I will disclose are non-GAAP. Reconciliations to GAAP are posted in the Investor Relations section on our website. We had another excellent quarter with both the top and bottom-line results far exceeding our expectations. The record revenue growth rates Rowan mentioned were driven by Enterprise business. Clearly, the market is healthy and our Enterprise offering is resonating and our commercial business continues to be resilient.

The split of our total revenue between recurring revenue and one-time professional services was 93% and 7% respectively. LTM dollar-based retention rates increased further to 110%, up from 107% last quarter and from 105% a year ago. Our record installed base bookings was the key driver of the continued improvement in LTM dollar-based retention rate.

I would like to expand on retention rates for a moment longer. The retention rates we have been reporting since we were in public have been calculated, using invoicing rather than revenue. We now have eight quarters of trended LTM retention rates based upon ASC 606 revenues. We are therefore conforming to how the vast majority of other SaaS peers' report, and we are not providing retention rates based upon revenue.

Going forward, we'll stop providing invoicing based retention rates. The revenue base retention data is as follows. For the fourth quarter of 2020, LTM dollar-based retention rate was 117%, up from 114% in the third quarter and up from 112% in the fourth quarter of 2019. Each of these revenue-based retention metrics is 7 percentage points higher than the invoicing based retention rates previously reported for the three periods. The LTM dollar-based retention data proposed revenue and the invoicing methodologies for the eight quarters to Q4 2020 have been posted in the IR section of our website.

I will now address the two most frequently asked questions, investors and analysts ask, namely how much of the improved top-line that we have been reporting is due to COVID? And second, what happens when hopefully in the not-too-distant future COVID is concerned? As Rowan mentioned, accelerated digitization has contributed to a heightened interest among prospects and to the strong bookings Dan talked about.

The biggest impact has been in installed base, which has seen a significant uptick in bookings and consequently, in revenue. overall, while difficult to estimate precisely, especially given the seasonal impact that fluctuates meaningfully from year-to-year, we believe that the COVID added approximately mid single-digit percentage points to our second half 2020 revenue growth, primarily from the increased installed-based bookings.

What about post-COVID? Were companies undigitized in the post-COVID world? Probably likely, although it is certainly possible that a portion of the bump caused by COVID may recede post-pandemic. Take retail as one example, retailers will reopen stores and customers will have other options beyond the contact center to engage with those companies again. However, in most cases, we believe that the pandemic only accelerated the inevitable and we'll see the new digital engagement options as being generally permanent. A role we believe much of our business will likely not return to pre-COVID levels and we could potentially retain some of the mid single-digit increase we saw in the second half of last year.

Turning now to the rest of the financials. Fourth quarter adjusted gross margin was 66.4%, a record and up 200 basis points year-over-year. Fourth quarter adjusted EBITDA margin was 22.8% also a record and up 160 basis points year-over-year. A strong overall performance resulted in us generating $2.7 million in GAAP operating income in the quarter. Fourth quarter non-GAAP net income was $23.7 million, an increase of $6.7 million year-over-year. Non-GAAP EPS for the fourth quarter was $0.34 per diluted share, up $0.07 year-over-year.

Before turning to our full-year performance, I would like to report that our average concurrent seat count for the fourth quarter grew to 184,483 seats, up a record 40% year-over-year and 15 percentage points higher than a 25% year-over-year growth in the fourth quarter of 2019. Note that we estimate our concurrency to be equivalent to approximately 277,000 seats on a named seat basis, a unit of measure that some others in the industry cite. As a reminder, we provide the seat count metric only on an annual basis.

And now, for closer look, at the key full year 2020 income statement metrics. 2020 revenue was $434.9 million, up a record 33% year-over-year. 2020 gross margin was 65.5%, up 130 basis points year-over-year. While on the subject of gross margin, I would like to underscore that in 2021, we are likely see an interruption of our seven-year track record of annual gross margin expansions due to a meaningful increase in public cloud spending to support international expansion and domestic growth. We expect this public cloud spending to reduce 2021 gross margins by approximately two percentage points.

2020 adjusted EBITDA margin was 19.7%, up 120 basis points year-over-year, despite the meaningful investments we have been making in R&D and go-to-market. Finally, before turning to guidance, some balance sheet and cash flow highlights. DSO was 29 days in Q4, a sequential improvement of two days despite the strong Enterprise business. Fourth quarter operating cash flow was $19.3 million and a record $67.3 million for the full year. We have now maintained our LTM operating cash flow margin in the team for 11 consecutive quarters and we remain optimistic about our potential for continuing cash flow generation, given a long-term model as substantial NOLs and our low DSO.

I'd like to finish today's prepared remarks with a brief discussion of our expectations for the full year and the first quarter of 2021. For the year, we are guiding revenue at the midpoint to grow 20% year-over-year to $520 million. For those of you have been following Five9 for some time now, you will know that for the past six years, we have always started the New Year with prudent revenue guidance of 16% year-over-year growth, mainly due to the uncertainties around the magnitude of the seasonal impact of our second half business. Approximately, 2 percentage points of the 4 percentage point increase from 16% to 20% is driven by the revenue contribution from Inference and the other 2 percentage points is driven by the evident strength of our core business.

Before sharing the specifics on the 2021 bottom-line guidance, please keep two important factors in mind. First, as we pointed out on our last call, we will have meaningful dilution from the Inference acquisition. Second, and I'd like to underscore this point, we are awash with high-quality opportunities, which will require incremental expenses and given the healthy market environment, it would be irresponsible for us not to continue investing in our business. Thus as the year unfolds, we will continue our tried and true pragmatic approach of balance growth, but with some slight temporary moderation on emphasis that we have placed on a strong bottom-line performance.

We are firmly of the opinion that making these investments will position us even better to achieve our long-term model, which as a reminder, is to reach 27% plus adjusted EBITDA margin in about four years from now. As a result of these two factors, we are guiding 2021 non-GAAP net income to a midpoint of $60.6 million, which implies a year-over-year decrease of $6.8 million. As for the first quarter, we are guiding revenue to a midpoint of $122.5 million, which represents a 4% sequential decline, which closely followed the guidance patterns that we have established over the last several years heading into Q1.

However, I would like to point out that the implied year-over-year growth at the midpoint is 29%, which is the highest growth rate we have ever guided to in any quarter. With respect to the bottom line, we are guiding first quarter non-GAAP net income to a midpoint of $10 million, which reflects a $13.7 million quarter-over-quarter decrease, which is driven by the same two key items I mentioned a moment ago, namely dilution from Inference and the increase we are -- investments we are making as well as the customary FICO reset.

Additionally, I would like to provide more color on the quarterly profile of both the top and bottom line for the remainder of 2021. For revenue, consistent with guidance in past years, we do not expect sequential growth in the second quarter. However, following seasonal business patterns, we do expect revenue to increase sequentially in the third quarter and more strongly in the fourth quarter. Given the shape of this revenue curve and the ramping of expenses, we expect second quarter non-GAAP net income to be lower than Q1 at $9 million, which should improve modestly in the third quarter and most significantly in the fourth quarter.

Finally, here are the customary estimates for modeling purposes. For calculating earnings per share, we expect our diluted shares to be 76.5 million and basic shares to be 67.5 million for the first quarter of 2021, and 78.6 million and 69.5 million respectively for the full year 2021. Please note that diluted shares of 78.6 million for the full year 2021, represents a year-over-year growth of 15%. This higher than normal increase is primarily driven by early adoption of ASC 2020-06. This standard reduces the complexity of accounting for convertible debt by eliminating the non-cash interest expense from the debt discount created by separating out the equity component, but also meaningfully increases diluted shares by requiring the use of the if-converted method rather than treasury stock method.

We expect our Texas, which ran many department subsidiaries to be approximately $290,000 for the first quarter of 2021 and $1.2 million for the full year 2021. Capital expenditures for the first quarter of 2021 are expected to total approximately $13.5 million to $14.5 million. For the full year of 2021, we expect capital expenditures to be between $42 million and $45 million. At the midpoint, this represents approximately 8% on the full-year revenue guidance, relatively in line with what we reported in 2020, but higher than historical trends. This higher than typical level of capital spend is primarily driven by international expansion and the build-out of our new headquarters.

In summary, we are very pleased with our fourth quarter and full-year performance achieving all-time records on multiple metrics. We continue to execute like clockwork against this massive market opportunity, and we believe our ongoing and increased investments position us very well to continue to expand a leadership position.

Operator, please go ahead.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

Great. Our first call is -- our first question, excuse me, is from DJ Hynes with Canaccord.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Hi, DJ.

DJ Hynes -- Canaccord -- Analyst

Hey, guys. how are we doing? There we are.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Good.

DJ Hynes -- Canaccord -- Analyst

Good to see everyone. I like new format and congrats on the strong results. Rowan, one for you, I want to ask -- there are kind of two related questions around IVA. So first, just how often are your big deals now landing with IVA as part of them?

And then the second question would just be kind of, as we think about the back to base opportunity, like, can you use usage as an indicator of who would be apt to get leverage out of an IVA sale? In other words, I would think there has to be demand is correlated with increasing usage. So maybe, just talk about that motion of the back to base with IVA as well.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Maybe Dan, I'll throw the big deals one to you.

Dan Burkland -- President

Sure. On the big deals, IVA is the hottest thing right now. Every one of our big deals has interest in figuring out how to automate, and how to bring choices to their end customers on how to interact with them. And there's several ways for us to automate, right. One is self-service using the IVAs, other ways of automating is to provide agent assistance and be able to bring more leverage and more power to the agent -- empowering the agent to be more efficient and more effective, so that the customer can do more with fewer resources.

And then the third is through our workforce automation, right. The Whendu acquisition of WFA allows us to automate a lot of the functions that were done manually within a contact center can now be done automatically triggering alerts and notifications of upcoming appointments, upcoming shipments, whatever they might be. You can trigger activities based on conditions. So, a great question. Rowan?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. As far as the base question, I think that -- make sure I understand the question you're asking if it gets around, like how do we decide where to take this offer within the existing base of Five9 customers? Is that the question?

DJ Hynes -- Canaccord -- Analyst

Yes. That's right. And like, can you use usage as a leading indicator of kind of who would be leveraging...

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. There's probably -- there are a few signals and the inference team are really good at identifying where to get the most traction the fastest. So, we've actually staffed up and put one of our top leaders onto a new team in the sales organization that's helping both on the sort of the net new positioning, but also the go after the base side. And so him and his team are sort of trapping that strategy, but we're starting from a good place, because we already know, to name first -- it's already had a fairly strong revenue run rate on their own outside of us in terms of the growth of that revenue.

And so we're able to go after and sort of use their sales strategy in terms of which industry verticals and what other signals we can use to figure out, where there's going to be taken. It wouldn't just be usage. It would be other things as well like industry vertical and then also like we have TAMs in many cases and customer success managers covering these accounts. So, we can do a very sort of surgical job of identifying, where it's going to be the highest return on our time speaking to the base.

DJ Hynes -- Canaccord -- Analyst

Yes, yes. Makes sense. Awesome. Thanks for the color guys and congrats.

Operator

The next question is from Meta Marshall with Morgan Stanley.

Meta Marshall -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Great, thanks. Just a question on -- kind of delving on the DJ's question, just what are you seeing as far as initial deal composition? Is it -- they're looking at, UC contact center, WFO, AI kind of all at the same time, or just how is that evolving, what you're seeing kind of -- what customers are trying to do in the initial deal cycle. And then maybe, as -- just the second question, just any update on the AT&T relationship. Thanks.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Sure. I'll let Dan take the first part.

Dan Burkland -- President

Okay. Yes. Regarding the deals themselves, it really runs the gamut. When you look at companies that are trying to deliver a better optimal customer experience that can mean different things to different companies. Some have mastered certain portions of the mix if you will. But what we look for is going in and consultatively working with that customer to say, what is it that you're trying to deliver and how can we help? And oftentimes that comes down to -- they have lacked automation in the past and they're looking for ways to give their customer more choices and that can mean even things as basic as adding chat or email the omnichannel solutions to the full automation that I described earlier.

So, it does run the gamut and it really depends on the particular customer. But that's the key for us is being able to deliver a full end-to-end portfolio that can allow us to tailor a solution for the given customer. Regarding the AT&T relationship, we're seeing tremendous traction there. We're building up a tremendous pipeline and executing, and selling more and more deals, the larger deals are starting to come through with AT&T, not because there wasn't interest in the larger deal. The larger deals have a longer sales cycle and a larger engagement cycle. So, those are starting to come to fruition and as we had mentioned last year, 2021 is the year to really capitalize and see a revenue mover from that activity.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Meta.

Meta Marshall -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Thanks.

Operator

The next question is from Terry Tillman with Truist.

Terry Tillman -- Truist -- Analyst

Hey, congratulations on the results. Great job. My two-part question, Rowan, you were very proactive and helpful on AI before, during, and after an interaction. I'm curious of those three kind of areas or phases, we're seeing the most activity. And again, I know it's early days, but it does seem strategically important for the business, particularly like driving revenue in the middle and during the interaction, that held the pricing and the packaging and working out. Thank you.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Sure. The interest is strongest on the before, because if you can handle the interaction before it ever hits an agent, you get the most savings. And then the second is really, I would call it after is where we're getting traction and that is doing after call work, and call summarization automatically for customers. So, those are the two areas and the during is something I would say, we're still working on delivering the capabilities and -- but yes, really before and after, and before being very, very much the place that I think people are most interested in looking right now.

Terry Tillman -- Truist -- Analyst

Could you maybe, just talk real quick about the packaging or the -- how's it working out in terms of the pricing and monetization?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes, yes. So, we already have established market pricing from Inference before the acquisition, before the acquisition and so we've kind of used that as our baseline. So our -- and we've introduced a default offer that comes with Five9 and then sort of three tiers above that. So, you can sort of buy the silver -- the bronze, silver, and the gold version of Inference with the sweet spot, probably being in the $450 per digital agent pricing -- price range.

Terry Tillman -- Truist -- Analyst

Thank you.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Terry.

Operator

Our next question is from Sterling Auty with JPMorgan.

Ina Drew -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Hey, guys. This is Drew on for Sterling. I was wondering if you could provide a little more color on the incremental investments in 2021 and kind of which operating expenses you plan to ramp up specifically. Thanks.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Barry?

Barry Zwarenstein -- Chief Financial Officer

Yes. So, this is basically, an order of importance. We are investing increasingly deleveraging slightly, in our sales and marketing expenses, so, number one. Number two is R&D again, we expected another year, in which the percentage will inch up. Now separately, we've also got to be spending a fair amount on -- like relatedly on Inference. They -- as part of our agreement to buy them, there was an earn-out, we ring-fenced the sales marketing R&D, and that's quite a big change and year-to-year, so that again, is sales and marketing and R&D.

And then finally, as we alluded to in the prepared remarks, we are spending a fair amount this year, especially in second quarter onwards on public cloud. As we rolled that out across different regions that however will not show up in expenses primarily, it'll show up mostly in cost revenue.

Ina Drew -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you.

Operator

The next question is from Will Power with Baird.

Will Power -- Baird -- Analyst

Right. Great. Thanks for taking the question and congratulations on the strong results. I wanted to ask on the international results. I think you indicated bookings doubled year-over-year, but it seems like you're really seeing strong growth and of course, alluded to -- I guess, what's your biggest deal ever? So maybe, if you could just talk about what the key drivers have been, as you look over this past year of traction you've generated internationally and what are the next key drivers, right. As you look over the next three years, what helps you maintain that kind of traction?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes, will. We started -- thanks Will. we started the investments there as you know; we started talking about that a couple of years ago. We hired a new leader in EMEA. And so we really began staffing out and investing there as well as making the investment in porting our infrastructure to public cloud, which has allowed us now to very quickly stand up new instances. So, some of the bigger deals that we're now starting to win are directly on the back of that investment, because we wouldn't have been in these very, very large accounts had we not been able to satisfy local European data, residency requirements and so on.

So, it's a combination of factors. No one factor, I think the last background I would throw out is market readiness. This is another one, where -- and maybe, probably even COVID right with sort of, OK, we got to finally look at the cloud kind of a recognition of that being a new reality. So, I think just a combination of factors, not any one individual thing and just all hitting at the -- kind of all coming into play at the -- in 2020 for us.

Will Power -- Baird -- Analyst

Thank you.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Thanks, Will.

Operator

Our next question is from Michael Turrin with Wells Fargo.

Michael Turrin -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst

Hey, there. Thanks. Good afternoon. I appreciate you taking the question. So clearly, a great close to the year here, heading into 2021, just wondering if there's anything you can add in terms of how you're thinking about the progression throughout the course of the coming year versus what you're seeing today. There's certainly potential for rebound from some of the impacted industries, but then also a chance for normalization of some of the accelerated trends toward remote you've seen.

And so I know you've referenced many times, this is a patient market, this is secular from your perspective, just outweigh some of those puts and takes in terms of the various industries or anything you can add just around how you're classifying the company here, I think is helpful as we're just parsing through what we're seeing right now?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Barry, do you want to comment on that please?

Barry Zwarenstein -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure. So, a couple of things, first of all, about 80% of our revenue comes from eight industries ranging from education to technology, to healthcare and so on. And only and our money considering that 80%, because we didn't do much of an analysis on the other 20%, and in that 80%, there's very little that sort of squarely hit by COVID in a negative way, thinking of things like discretionary and travel and vacations and leisure and so on.

So basically, our business is fine pre-COVID or post-COVID or during COVID. What is now changed is the fact that people are relying more and more on the contact center to work with companies, and in that environment, I referenced back Michael to our prepared remarks where basically saying that we saw a very strong growth in our installed base bookings maybe, added mid single-digits in terms of overall growth, and we expect much of that to remain post-COVID.

Michael Turrin -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst

Excellent. Great finish to the year. Thanks, guys.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Michael.

Operator

Our next question is from George Kurosawa with KeyBanc.

George Kurosawa -- KeyBanc -- Analyst

Hi, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I'm dialing in for Alex here. My question is about the competitive landscape. You referenced very impressive deals in the quarter. I believe in all three of the wins that you've highlighted, you mentioned you either competed against cloud offerings or in one case actually beat out a competitor's cloud offering. Just from a high level, would you say Five9 is still a story of displacing incumbent solutions or is there more an element of feeding out competitive cloud offerings? Thank you.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Well, we always run into competitors on these deals. It's a competitive market and it's by and large, still a replacement of on-prem that drives most of our business. However, sometimes we see that in third, if number one and number two are the two incumbents in on-prem systems. They are the ones that we've replaced the most, but number three is actually -- another cloud vendor that we compete with.

So, we're actually sometimes replacing other cloud vendors that the company has tried and it wasn't right for them. So, we are seeing that, but by far, the biggest driver is continuing to replace on-prem. And on that front, we continue to see the same competitors, not -- strong competitors and NICE inContact and Genesys are the two big ones that we see. And they're in most of the deals I would say.

George Kurosawa -- KeyBanc -- Analyst

Great. Thank you very much and congrats again, on the quarter.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, George.

Operator

Our next question is from Scott Berg with Needham.

Scott Berg -- Needham -- Analyst

Hey, Rowan, Barry, and Dan, congrats on a really good quarter and thanks for taking my question here. I guess my question is around the big deal environment, it looks like it's going pretty well for you guys, including your largest deal ever. And I guess as you look at the big deal environments, I know it's early on the automation side, Rowan. But is -- are those solutions starting to impact how you're selling those deals or what the bookings in those looks like? Or should we imagine or view the automation solutions is really being more of a 2021 bookings event versus maybe, what you've done last quarter or two?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

I'll let Dan. Thanks, Scott for the questions. Good one. Dan, quick on that?

Dan Burkland -- President

Yes. Scott, great question. And we're coming to every opportunity with the automation story and the ability for these companies to take on and automate more of the functions that they used to do manually and the key there is many companies will go ahead and implement automation day one, but it doesn't move the revenue needle as much so far to your point earlier, the bookings that we've done thus far, haven't really moved the needle on the revenue front and part of that is because they see our story, they test those solutions and they say, great in many cases, get me to the cloud with Five9. I know you guys are my long-term solution and the automation will occur over several years.

We'll definitely get impact in 2021. But when you start to say, OK, let's put in IVAs to self-serve; are the consumers all going to self-serve and get all of their transactions handled that way? No, but there's a small percentage that will, and I think overtime, as our society gets more and more comfortable talking to machines, we all do it at home with Siri and Alexa and other devices, the spoken commands into a system and expecting to get the right response is going to only get better and better adoption overtime, and you think about it where we are today versus where we were three, four years ago, it's come a long way. And now, it's starting to creep into the contact center in ways that we hadn't seen before.

So, to answer your question, I think it's going to be a -- it's going to be several years of labor arbitrage that we're going to be able to benefit from, but it's not going to happen overnight. It's going to be an adoption that'll probably take over the next decade, and it'll just keep increasing each and every year. And a part of that is societal, a part of it's the technology, but a big part of that is just our societal acceptance and comfort level with getting self-service that way.

Scott Berg -- Needham -- Analyst

Excellent. Great quarter, again.

Dan Burkland -- President

Yes. Thanks, Scott.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Scott.

Operator

Our next question is from Raimo Lenschow from Barclays.

Raimo Lenschow -- Barclays -- Analyst

Hey, congrats from me as well. Enterprise is doing really well. So like, I -- when we talked a lot about it, we talked less about the SMB part of the business, but that has been also like a mini success story for you guys. So, I just wanted to talk a little bit about that -- you're talking about teams grow much better than the high single-digit we had before. How much of that is just the new leadership, and it's a one one-year fact versus actually, you haven't having been done like fundamental changes to that to kind of make that a sustainable trend? Thank you.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Dan?

Dan Burkland -- President

Yes. So, a part of it is that leadership change and really that team coming in and focusing on solution selling more of a Enterprise like sales motion than what we had had prior to that several years ago. The other is channels. We talk a lot about these channel organizations that we signed on, and they -- many of them do business across the spectrum from small customers to larger customers. And so we get handed and brought into a lot of transactions that we wouldn't otherwise have seen.

They wouldn't have reached out and found Five9 on their own, but the channel can bring us that business. And so that's been another driver for why we've been able to see a resurgence in that growth model within what you call SMB, which is really what we call commercial, but same thing. Yeah.

Raimo Lenschow -- Barclays -- Analyst

Okay. Thank you.

Operator

Our next question is from Ryan MacWilliams with Stephens.

Ryan MacWilliams -- Stephens -- Analyst

Thanks for taking the question. So, when I used to work at a contact center back in college, we always talked about two things that would never happen, remote agents and virtual agents. So, you have seemingly opened Pandora's Box for contact center now. I would love to double click on your expanding net retention rates. Are you seeing an expanded Enterprise opportunity with existing customers? So, are you seeing organizations that use contact center for an individual business silo, expanded implementation throughout the organization over the last year? Thanks.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

I've seen that. Yes, I'll let Dan comment as well. But we definitely have seen expansion within our existing customers as they look at totally new use cases. I'll give you one example, customer that I'm the exec sponsor for, in the healthcare space and big hospital network. And they figured out that their receptionists in their offices and their doctor's offices that they have many, many, many are sort of doing the job of a contact center agent. And especially, now that they're remote and they sort of said, well, how can we repurpose these folks, so that when they're not dealing with customers, who are in front of them, if they have extra time, they can actually start dealing with other virtual requests that are coming and not even to that office necessarily, but into any office.

So that's one example sort of an adjacent use of contact center, getting more broadly embedded into the fabric of an organization and Dan's probably got a lot of other examples like that.

Dan Burkland -- President

Yes. Well, the one that first comes to mind, Ryan is, if you look at the $1 million customer base that we have, and we talk about that every year, that group of customers is growing tremendously. But if you look at that group of customers over the last several years, they've grown at a 67% CAGR. And if you think about that for a moment, that's all due to what you just described, that's a land and expand model. When you go into a large enterprise, they're not going to flash cut and say, get rid of all my premises equipment and bring it, take me to the cloud.

The beauty of the cloud is, you can pick off group-by-group or department-by-department, where they need us most, right. They need to innovate, they need to automate. And so they look at those groups first and then once you get that momentum going, it's easy for them to internally use the other groups as references and that makes it really easy to then go after the rest of the enterprise. And so that's why we see that CAGR so high within those large installed base customers.

Ryan MacWilliams -- Stephens -- Analyst

Thanks. Yes. I'm excited to see how lasting remote agents change things next, but appreciate it. Thanks, guys.

Dan Burkland -- President

Yeah.

Operator

The next question is from Andrew King with Colliers.

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Hey, guys. Can you hear me?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Hi, Andrew. Go ahead.

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Thanks for taking the question. So obviously, you guys have really strong [Technical Issues]

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Unfortunately, Andrew, I'm not able to hear you. I don't think we're able to hear you.

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Can you hear me now?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

It sounds like. No, not really.

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Can you guys hear me now?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yes. that's better. Thank you.

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Okay, great. So obviously, you guys had a really strong quarter with Zoom phones and it seems like a lot of that adoption is coming from the phone solution. Can you talk a little bit about any new use cases you're seeing pairing CCAPS with video solutions?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Dan, do you want to take that one?

Dan Burkland -- President

Yeah. We've seen several adopted video engagement. Particularly, we have a couple of key customers in healthcare that doing remote Teladoc being one of our big customers, being able to do those remote interactions and being able to service a patient via a Zoom or a video -- another video type solution and there are some very specific products that allow that to happen. It's not as simple as, hey, just turn on video for every interaction you're going to have within a contact center, but there's some specific solutions that do cater directly to healthcare and some other key verticals.

It's still niche play when it comes to video in the contact center. Some organizations are -- it's not the right fit and they don't necessarily want their agents being viewed by in every interaction, but it is a growing trend and it does have its place, especially with today's remote workforce. And if I touch on that for a moment, the previous question was being asked about remote workforce and will that be kind of a permanent thing?

We're finding lots of our customers for a couple of reasons, several reasons, are looking at having a remote workforce well after the pandemic ends. And the reason is because they can cast, they now find with the technology, they can observe, monitor, track performance, and they're getting the productivity that they never imagined that they would out of a remote workforce.

Ryan's point earlier was, oh, I never thought I'd see remote agents. Well, we've now proven it. And customers are finding the data is reflecting that they can get that productivity and when you look at the remote workforce, I can now cast a wider net. I don't need to hire within 30 mile radius of my contact center. I can also get a higher educated workforce, because I'm able to hire people that may have had to stay at home previously for other personal reasons, but they now can be part of that workforce.

And so there's -- and I have the tools, like I mentioned, to be able to track and monitor them. So, lots of customers are finding will they go back to the way it was before? Very few. There's studies coming out right now with statistics that show, very few will go back to the way it was. Few will completely stay remote. Most of them will have a combination or a hybrid model. So, we're looking forward to that as well.

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Great. Thank you.

Dan Burkland -- President

Thank you.

Operator

Our next question is from Jeff Van Rhee with Craig-Hallum.

Jeff Van Rhee -- Craig-Hallum -- Analyst

Great. Thanks, guys. Hey, congrats. I mean a great quarter, lot to love. I like the format. Barry, I love the cap in crunch in the background. That's good stuff. So, just a couple from me, I guess, guys, one for you, Dan, what have you done from your lately category? How long is it going to take to beat this deal size? Do you think this record deal size stands for the year? Obvious question. How many more are these in the pipe?

Dan Burkland -- President

Boy, you put me on the spot with that one, huh? Yeah, we keep -- in the last several quarters, we've put a record on the wall. What is it, February 22, I'm not going to make that prediction at this point in the quarter, but we've seen a pipeline that grows. I'll make a generic statement and that is when you go in and you sell significantly meaningful global enterprise, that considers themselves having some of the most complex requirements and needs. Once you execute successfully within that enterprise, there's going to be many more that are going to come to the table and say, wow, if you can support them, I have confidence you can support me, and that reference settling when you get up market is so, so important.

And we've seen that with help of our SI partners, as well as the customers themselves being able to say, yes, Five9 executes, they get it. They're helping me. I'm extracting the value I expected. So, will there be continued momentum further and further up market? Absolutely, I don't want to try to put a timing on beating the record though.

Jeff Van Rhee -- Craig-Hallum -- Analyst

Can you get us in the ballpark on how many seats a deal like that might be even within a range?

Dan Burkland -- President

Well, if you can kind of back into it with our typical model of around $200 seats, and then you add a few of the extra skew of technologies and for some of the larger organizations that do buy more and you can figure out where that falls, it's actually hard for customers to estimate their concurrent usage when they purchase, because they're looking at it with, well, geez, I never really had to worry about concurrency that, they are worried about overall licenses for every end users. So it's some of that is estimating at the front and then truing up as you go.

Jeff Van Rhee -- Craig-Hallum -- Analyst

Yeah. Makes sense. Different day. One last sort if I could sneak it in, Rowan, you got a question earlier on competitive landscape, but I wanted to revisit it. Obviously, the space is on fire customer engagement, digital engagement, digital transformation is a super-strong space. Avaya is out talking about their move to the cloud and you've talked about the legacy guys that you're in there frequently displacing.

I'm more interested in both the UCaaS guys that are there trying to sell contact center into the base, and then also Amazon/Twilio, Twilio, great numbers the other day, Amazon has thrown out some big numbers. I mean, there's a lot of room to play with these numbers. But I'm just kind of curious in the positioning, like where you're seeing them, just how everybody's carving out their relative spaces for future dominance?

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Well, this is -- probably, this is definitely an oversimplification, but the UCaaS vendors tend to be in the smaller end of the customer base RingCentral and 8x8, for example. And then Amazon tends to at least, they're either -- they're both, there are sort of the very, very small, less than five or 10 agents, and then very, very large. So, we're not running into Amazon that much. And we don't run into the UCaaS vendors that much. That's why, when we talk about our competitors, who we face head on it is those pure-play cloud contact center as a service companies.

And to remind you, the distribution of contact centers, it really follows a bell curve, where the 50% of the contact center seats are in these sort of mid-sized contact centers between 50 seats to 500 seats and we play from sort of call it, two to five seats at the low end, all the way up into the -- into that 50 to 500 space and beyond now, obviously, you're seeing that traction as we're getting up into that top end of the market, but net of it is there is plenty of market to go after in the segment without actually bumping into some of the competitors that you mentioned.

Jeff Van Rhee -- Craig-Hallum -- Analyst

Yeah, yeah. Well, fair enough. Congrats guys. This is great.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Dan Burkland -- President

Thank you.

Operator

We have time for just one more question. So, our last question is coming from Matt VanVliet with BTIG.

Matt VanVliet -- BTIG -- Analyst

Hi, guys. congrats on the quarter. You mentioned in the prepared remarks, a growing ecosystem of SI partners, but I wanted to dig in a little bit there and kind of maybe, what's -- what do you feel like are some of the biggest catalyst of them increasingly joining and joining the fray. And then also as you look at kind of an omnichannel, and especially, the digital channel inclusion, is that something that customers are driving? Are you educating them about that? And are those the kind of deals, where the SI partners are really getting involved in bringing in communications from a multitude of different areas of your organization?

Dan Burkland -- President

Yeah. So, awesome question. And I'll tell you right now, when you look at the SIs, they've been in this business for decades. So, they've been helping companies with their contact center purchases and applying technology, and consulting with how to apply technology, to solve the customer experience. They've just done it historically with premises based legacy vendors and they had built their practice around that. We kind of cracked the code for the first time and was deployed several years ago and said, hey, time to start leading with cloud, did they run out and lead with cloud on every deal? No. But we were kind of first mover with them to build a practice around that.

And as we saw a momentum come, it really comes from customers. It's the customer saying, no, no, I want to consider cloud, you bring me a cloud, bring me a portfolio of cloud options. And so for the SIs, they had to respond to their clients and really come to us and say, OK, it's time. So, when you look at Accenture and IBM and Slalom, and Deloitte and others, they really had to build their practice around it, not because they just woke up one day and made a decision. It was because the customers were driving it. And that's actually the same. It's very analogous to the channels, right? When you look at the channels that distributed Avaya and Cisco and Genesys for years, OK, they had the same thing happened there, which is, hey, we're going to sell this as long as we can, as long as our customers will accept it. And then customers started saying, no, no, I need to innovate. I need to be in the cloud. And so they had to bring a cloud offer. So that's why we're seeing increased momentum in both of those areas. So, great question.

Matt VanVliet -- BTIG -- Analyst

Thank you.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Yeah.

Operator

All right. And that does it for all of the questions we have time for today. I'm going to give the conference back over to Rowan for some closing remarks.

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

All right. Thank you so much. Well, thanks everybody for joining our call today and for all the great questions. The record financial results for Q4 and 2020 should really be viewed simply as the outcome and a reflection of the fact that we're doing a terrific job of making customers happy, and that we're making progress on our mission to help them reimagine customer service. And the integration of Inference as well, has given us the leadership position in this expanding TAM opportunity for automation.

And I said it at the beginning of the prepared remarks, but I'll say it again, this progress is a direct reflection of the hard work and the efforts of our incredible employees, who deserve all the credit for the performance that you have seen from Five9.

So, thanks to our employees and thanks to all of you for joining today. We'll see you next quarter. Thank you.

Duration: 64 minutes

Call participants:

Lauren Sloane -- Investor Relations

Rowan Trollope -- Chief Executive Officer

Dan Burkland -- President

Barry Zwarenstein -- Chief Financial Officer

DJ Hynes -- Canaccord -- Analyst

Meta Marshall -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Terry Tillman -- Truist -- Analyst

Ina Drew -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Will Power -- Baird -- Analyst

Michael Turrin -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst

George Kurosawa -- KeyBanc -- Analyst

Scott Berg -- Needham -- Analyst

Raimo Lenschow -- Barclays -- Analyst

Ryan MacWilliams -- Stephens -- Analyst

Andrew King -- Colliers -- Analyst

Jeff Van Rhee -- Craig-Hallum -- Analyst

Matt VanVliet -- BTIG -- Analyst

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