Raytheon Technologies (RTX) Q4 2022 Earnings Call Transcript

Raytheon Technologies (RTX 0.68%)
Q4 2022 Earnings Call
Jan 24, 2023, 8:30 a.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Raytheon Technologies fourth quarter 2022 earnings conference call. My name is Latif, and I will be your operator for today. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded for replay purposes. On the call today are Greg Hayes, chairman and chief executive officer; Chris Calio, chief operating officer; Neil Mitchill, chief financial officer; and Jennifer Reed, vice president of investor relations.

This call is being carried live on the internet, and there is a presentation available for download from Raytheon Technologies website at www.rtx.com. Please note, except where otherwise noted, the company will speak to results from continuing operations, excluding acquisition, accounting adjustments, and net nonrecurring and/or significant, often referred to by management as other significant items. The company also reminds listeners that the earnings and cash flow expectations and any other forward-looking statements provided in this call are subject to risks and uncertainty. Raytheon Technologies' SEC filings, including its Form 8-K, 10-Q, and 10-K, provide details on important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statement.

[Operator instructions] With that, I will turn the call over to Mr. Hayes.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Latif. And good morning, everyone. Hope you all had a chance to review our press release this morning. Before we get into the highlights, I first like to welcome Chris Calio to the call.

As you know, Chris has been our chief operating officer for the last year, has been responsible for our business units, as well as our operations, engineering, and digital functions. Effective March 1, Chris has been elected to the position of president and chief operating officer of RTX. Chris has been instrumental over this past year in driving our focus on operational excellence and delivering for our customers in a very challenging environment. So, welcome, Chris.

OK. Let's go to the webcast slide for Slide 2, talk about some of the highlights for 2022. I don't need to tell anybody that '22 is an incredibly dynamic year, and I'm pleased to say that we were able to achieve, despite facing a number of significant challenges, including transitioning out of Russia, managing record levels of inflation, as well as supply chain and labor constraints. With all that as a backdrop, we still delivered 67.1 billion in sales for the full year, which was up 6% organically and adjusted EPS of $4.78, which was up 12% year over year.

We also returned almost $6 billion of capital to shareholders, which included $2.8 billion of share repurchases. And more importantly, even with the $1.6 billion headwind from the R&D tax legislation, we generated $4.9 billion of free cash flow, which exceeded our expectations. At the same time, we continue to position the business for sustained profitable growth. In 2022, we captured $86 billion in new bookings, resulting in backlog growth of 12%, a book-to-bill of 1.28, and a near-record backlog at the end of the year of $175 billion.

Additionally, we were granted over 2,600 patents last year. This places us in the top 10 of companies in the United States for the second consecutive year. While we invested $9 billion in R&D and capex, this allowed us to bring new technologies to our market and drive further automation and digitization through each phase of our product life cycle, from design, through development, through manufacturing, and product sustainment. Our investment in recent awards supports our mission to create a safer and more connected world, which was especially true in 2022.

Our products and technologies have been instrumental in helping the people of Ukraine defend itself. From the Stinger, Javelin, and Excalibur, to NASAMS, and now Patriot air and missile defense system, we remain in lockstep with the U.S. government to ensure we can continue to support our allies. On the commercial side of the business, we saw continued advancements on our path toward leading the future with a sustainable aviation with the start of development flight testing of the GTF Advantage engine, which, as you know, further enhances the GTF's position as the leader in fuel efficiency and CO2 emissions.

Importantly, we also completed the first engine test run for our regional hybrid electric flight demonstrator. This system integrates a one-megawatt electric motor, which was developed by Collins, with a highly efficient Pratt & Whitney fuel-burning engine, specifically adapted for hybrid electric operations. This new engine will reduce fuel burn and CO2 emissions by 30% compared to today's most advanced regional turboprop aircraft. These types of investments, along with strong demand across both the commercial and defense end markets, will position us for continued growth as we head into 2023.

We're particularly proud that RTX outperformed among all the companies in the Russell 1000 for local U.S. job creation in 2022. RTX leads the industry in employee-giving and volunteering, which is a testament to the impact our workforce has in the communities where we work and where we live. Before I turn it over to Chris, I just want to spend a minute to talk about the status of our integration and the next steps as we evolve as a pure-play aerospace and defense company.

As you know, in 2020, we brought together two great companies, UTC aerospace business and Raytheon, with combined strengths, scale, and capabilities that makes us uniquely equipped to innovate and deliver game-changing technologies and solutions for our customers. As we approach the third anniversary of this merger, we've accomplished many of our objectives, including exceeding our original synergy commitment, and we see even more opportunities ahead. So, today we're starting the next step in our integration and evolution. Our plan is to streamline our structure to a customer-centric organization with three focus segments, Collins Aerospace, Raytheon, and Pratt & Whitney.

This will better align us with our customers' needs and allow us to better collaborate on next-generation technology. There's still a lot of work to be done to make this happen. But let me turn it over to Chris to give you some of the additional details of this transformation and some additional business update. Chris?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

All right. Thank you, Greg. It's great to join today's call, and I'm looking forward to engaging more with everybody. Starting here on Slide 3, over the past year, I've been focused with our team on driving operational performance and program execution, as well as identifying ways to improve our cost position and to ensure alignment between our investments and our strategic priorities.

As Greg noted, our merger integration is nearly complete, having realized gross cost synergies of 1.4 billion. And so, we are now in the process of realigning RTX into three business units. Let me give you some additional color around our thinking on this. At its core, this move is about enabling us to better coordinate with our customers, aligning with their needs and collaborating more effectively across our businesses, all of which is feedback we've received from our customers.

All of this will ultimately enhance performance, make us even more competitive, and allow us to capture additional revenue synergies in areas such as connected battlespace. For example, just this past year, we were awarded a phase of the JADC2 effort known as TITAN, where RAS and Collins are working together to deliver this cutting-edge solution to ensure our joint forces have one common operating picture of the battlespace. Additionally, this realignment will allow us to better leverage our scale so we can optimize our footprint, improve resource allocation, and reduce costs for both RTX and our customers. Now, we don't have a number for you today in terms of cost savings as we are in the early stages of that analysis, but we do believe there are additional material opportunities to be realized.

In connection with this reorganization, Ray Azevedo, president of our RAS business, informed us of his plan to retire. Roy will, however, stay on as an advisor over the next several months to help us with this important transformation. Shawn Mural, currently the CFO of RI&S, has been named acting president of RAS effective February 1st. While organizational changes like this are never easy, we have demonstrated our ability to successfully execute on these types of initiatives in the past.

And many members of the team involved in this process have experience from our recent portfolio in merger and transformations. The exact timing of this change isn't final yet. The current plan is to make it effective during the second half of the year. Until then, we'll manage the business under our current structure.

We'll provide updates on our progress over the coming months. Before I turn it over to Neil to discuss our results for the quarter and the outlook for the year, I want to turn to Slide 4 to share some of our critical assumptions for 2023 in the areas where we're focused to ensure we execute on our commitments. As Greg mentioned earlier, customer demand for our products and services continues to grow. In commercial aerospace, we expect global air traffic to fully recover to 2019 levels as we exit 2023.

The continued strength in the U.S. and Europe is pretty consistent from what we're all hearing from the airlines. And like everyone else, we're keeping a close eye on China. Historically, it has represented about 14% of global air traffic.

Our working assumption today is that China's lifting of COVID restrictions continues to be manageable, and the traffic levels will remain robust. We also see traffic in other parts of the world remain resilient. We're, therefore, expecting commercial aftermarket revenue growth across our aerospace businesses to approach 20% in 2023. Commercial production rates are also quickly accelerating.

We expect commercial aircraft volumes will be up around 20% year over year. On the defense side, our backlog is expected to continue to grow, given the heightened and increasingly complex threat environment. In the U.S., we continue to see strong bipartisan support as evidenced by the adoption of the Defense Authorization bill and the omnibus appropriations bill with a budget of 858 billion, which is up about 10% from 2022. Overseas, the E.U.

is targeting a 7 billion euro increase in defense spending over the next three years, and Japan will increase their defense budget by 26% this year. Given our current backlog and this continued strength in demand, we remain extremely focused on execution. And I see four key actions that will position us to be successful on this front. One, we continue to grow production capacity to deliver on this backlog as we move through 2023 and '24.

For example, we've made investments in key strategic locations like Asheville, North Carolina for turbine airfoils; McKinney, Texas for RF and EO/IR products; and Bangalore, India to expand the Collins India manufacturing strategy. Second, we, of course, need a skilled workforce to execute our development production programs. Labor availability remains a constraint. We've made some progress across RTX in Q4 through reduced attrition and other strategic retention and recruiting initiatives.

Third, we need to continue restoring health within our supply chain. We've actively maintained a physical presence at close to 400 supplier sites. We've continued to qualify additional suppliers and key programs. We secure sources of supply for critical commodities.

While we are broadly beginning to see our supply chain improve, it's not yet at the levels we need. We are assuming a recovery as we move into the back half of the year. And last week, we are taking a number of actions to deal with the elevated levels of inflation that everyone's experiencing. For perspective, we are expecting roughly 2 billion of labor and material inflation in 2023.

We are targeting to more than offset this headwind through higher pricing and aggressive cost reduction actions across of all RTX. Now, some of these actions are in the category of blocking and tackling, such as continual process improvement. And some are more strategic in nature, such as driving productivity through increasing the amount of connected equipment in automated factory hours. There's no doubt we've got a lot of work in front of us, but I think we all believe we've got the right actions identified and, more importantly, the right team in place to do it.

So, with that, let me turn it over to Neil to look at our financial results and outlook for '23.

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

Well, thank you, Chris. Let's turn to Slide 5. I'm pleased to see how we finished the year where we continue to see solid growth in organic sales and adjusted earnings per share and robust free cash flow in the quarter. Fourth quarter sales of $18.1 billion grew 7% organically versus the prior year.

This growth was primarily driven by our commercial aerospace businesses as the continued recovery in commercial air traffic more than offset the supply chain and labor challenges we saw during the year. Adjusted earnings per share of $1.27 was in line with our expectations and up 18%, led by the commercial aftermarket at Pratt and Collins, which more than offset the impact of lower productivity in our defense businesses. On a GAAP basis, earnings per share from continuing operations was $0.96 per share and included $0.31 of acquisition accounting adjustments, restructuring, and non-recurring items. It's worth noting that both GAAP and adjusted earnings per share had a tax benefit of about $0.06 associated with legal entity and operational reorganizations, which were completed during the quarter.

And finally, we had free cash flow of $3.8 billion in the quarter, bringing our total cash generation for the year to 4.9 billion, which exceeded our commitment as a result of stronger collections, particularly in international areas across the portfolio. With that, let's turn to Slide 6, and I'll get into the segment results. Starting with Collins, Collins sales were $5.7 billion in the quarter, up 15% on an adjusted basis and up 6% organically, driven primarily by the continued recovery in commercial aerospace end markets. By channel, commercial aftermarket sales were up 21%, driven by a 32% increase in provisioning and a 25% increase in parts and repair, while modifications and upgrades were up 5% organically in the quarter.

Sequentially, commercial aftermarket sales were up 6%. Commercial OE sales were up 20% versus prior year, driven principally by the continued strength in the narrowbody. Military sales were up 5%, driven primarily by improved material receipts, higher volume, and new program awards. Adjusted operating profit of $743 million was up $274 million from the prior year as drop-through on higher commercial aftermarket volume.

And lower R&D expense was more than offset by higher SG&A expense. So, shifting to Pratt & Whitney on Slide 7. Sales of 5.7 billion were up 10% on an adjusted basis and up 11% on an organic basis, with commercial OE sales growth in large commercial engines in Pratt Canada, as well as higher commercial aftermarket volume. Commercial OE sales were up 37%, driven by favorable volume and mix within Pratt's large commercial engine at Pratt Canada businesses.

Commercial aftermarket sales were up 11% in the quarter, with growth in both legacy large commercial and Pratt Canada shop visits. In the military business, sales were down 2%, driven by lower military legacy program aftermarket sales. Adjusted operating profit of 321 million was up $159 million from the prior year, driven primarily by drop-through on higher commercial aftermarket, which included a favorable contract adjustment and was partially offset by higher G&A and R&D. Turning now to RI&S on Slide 8.

Sales of 3.5 billion were down 8% versus prior year on an adjusted basis, driven by the divestiture of the global training and services business in the fourth quarter of 2021. On an organic basis, sales were down 5% versus prior year, driven by command, control, and communications; cyber training and services; and sensing and effects. Adjusted operating profit in the quarter of 278 million was down 122 million versus prior year. Excluding the impact of divestitures, operating profit was down 96 million, driven primarily by unfavorable mix, lower net program efficiencies, and lower volume.

RIS had a $2.9 billion of bookings in the quarter, resulting in a book-to-bill of 0.92 and a backlog of 16 billion. And on a full year basis, RIS' book-to-bill was 0.96. Turning now to Slide 9. RMD sales were 4.1 billion, up 6% on an adjusted basis and up 7% organically, primarily driven by higher volume in Naval Power programs, including SPY-6 production; higher volume and strategic missile defense, including next-generation interceptor development; and higher volume and advanced technology programs.

Adjusted operating profit of 418 million was $68 million lower than the prior year, driven by unfavorable program mix and lower net program efficiencies, partially offset by drop-through on higher volume. RMD's bookings in the quarter were $6 billion for a book-to-bill of 1.48. And for the full year, RMD's book-to-bill was 1.37, resulting in a record backlog of $34 billion. So, with that, let's turn to Slide 10 to discuss the financial outlook for the year.

At the RTX level, we expect full year 2023 sales of between $72 billion and $73 billion, which represents organic growth of 7% to 9% year over year. From an earnings perspective, we expect adjusted earnings per share of $4.90 to $5.05, up 3% to 6% year over year. And we expect to generate free cash flow of about 4.8 billion. I should note, we are not assuming the legislation requiring R&D capitalization for tax purposes will be repealed in our outlook.

And as a result, in 2023, we will have a cash payment of about 1.4 billion related to the current law. While there are more details on the cash flow walk in the appendix, let me share a few of the moving pieces. First, we are expecting segment operating profit growth. Offsetting that will be increases in working capital, capital expenditures, as well as a lower pension cost recovery.

Additionally, we're expecting to buy back approximately $3 billion of RTX shares in 2023, of course, subject to market conditions. Now, getting into the details around the earnings per share walk. Starting at the segment level, we expect strong operating profit growth of about 20%, which results in about $0.77 of earnings-per-share growth at the midpoint of our outlook range. And as Chris noted earlier, this overcomes about $2 billion of material and labor inflation.

And with respect to pension, although markets have improved since we spoke in October, pension will still be a substantial year-over-year headwind. Based on actual 2022 asset returns and where discount rates ended the year, that headwind will be about $0.22. Our tax rate in 2023 is expected to be approximately 18% versus the 14.4% we saw in 2022, which will result in a $0.22 headwind. This change is primarily driven by benefits recorded in 2022 that likely won't repeat in 2023.

And to wrap things up, we see about $0.14 of net headwind year over year, primarily driven by higher interest and corporate expenses. And all of this brings us to our outlook range of $4.90 to $5.05 per share. So, with that, let's go to Slide 11 for a little more detail on the segment outlooks. At Collins, we expect full year sales to be up low double digits, primarily driven by continuation of the commercial error recovery.

Military sales of Collins are expected to be up mid single digits for the year as well. We expect Collins' adjusted operating profit to grow between 750 million and 825 million versus last year. And this is primarily driven by drops from commercial aftermarket, higher OE production ramp, and increased defense volumes. At Pratt & Whitney, we expect full year sales to be up low to mid-teens versus prior year, principally driven by higher OE deliveries in both Pratt's large commercial engine in Pratt Canada businesses, as well as continued growth in legacy large commercial engines, GTF aftermarket, and Pratt Canada shop visits.

Military sales at Pratt are expected to be flat, driven by higher F135 sustainment volume, which will offset lower F135 material inputs. We expect Pratt's adjusted operating profit to grow between $200 million and $275 million versus last year, primarily on higher aftermarket volume, which is partially offset by a higher large commercial OE delivery impact. Turning to RI&S, we expect full year sales to be flat versus the prior year and adjusted operating profit to be up between 75 million and 125 million, driven by improved net program efficiencies. And in RMD, we expect sales to grow low to mid single digits versus 2022, as the effects of the supply chain constraints ease in the back half of the year, and for adjusted operating profit to be up between 175 million and 225 million versus prior year, driven by improved net program efficiencies, which will be partially offset by continued mix headwinds.

And finally, higher inter-company activity will increase sales eliminations by about 10% year over year. And it's also worth noting, we've included an outlook for some of the below-the-line items and pension in the webcast appendix. So, with that, let me hand it back to Greg to wrap things up.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

OK, Neil, thanks very much. So, we're going to close out on Slide 12 and take a quick look at our priorities. Obviously, there's no surprises here. As we head into 2023, I would tell you, the future remains bright for RTX, especially with $175 billion backlog and strong demand in all of our end markets.

We also know the challenges that we saw in 2022 will continue, and we'll keep working to mitigate the big three that we continue to focus on, supply chain, labor, and inflation. And although we're monitoring the macro environment, we remain optimistic in the economic outlook as the demand drivers for our businesses remain incredibly strong. As Chris mentioned, we're actively preparing for the demand ahead by expanding capacity, investing in digital solutions, and leveraging automation to unlock efficiencies across our value streams. We have the right team in place, and we're making the right investments.

We're also taking proactive actions to mitigate the risks we see today and to ensure success not just in 2023 but beyond. The streamlining of our businesses is just the next step in our journey by leveraging the unique scale and capabilities of RTX to deliver value for our customers and our shareholders. Right now, it's all about program execution and managing costs. We have the backlog, we have the demand, and we have the technology.

And our balance between defense and commercial aero will help us navigate into the future. We will, of course, continue to stay disciplined in capital allocation. And we're going to generate strong free cash flow this year and beyond, all of which enables us to return significant value to our shareholders. Most importantly, we remain confident in our ability to achieve our 2025 targets.

We're going to provide an update at our upcoming investor day, which will be on June 19th at the Paris Air Show. Before I close, I really want to say a special thank you to Roy Azevedo for his many contributions to Raytheon over these past 34 years. Roy has been a key member of our senior leadership team at RTX for the past three years, and we wish him nothing but health and success as he moves into the next phase of his career. So with that, let's close out this portion and open it up for questions.

Latif?

Questions & Answers:

Operator

[Operator instructions] The first question comes from the line of Robert Stallard of Vertical Research. Please go ahead, Robert.

Rob Stallard -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst

Thanks so much. Good morning.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning.

Rob Stallard -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst

Greg, I'd just like to follow up on your final comment there on your confidence in 2025, whether this confidence is being shaken anyway by this change in the R&D tax legislation, but also the supply chain challenges. Because, you know, you basically have to double the cash flow between now and then to get through your target.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

You know, Rob, that is a great question, one that we have been working through over these last couple of months. We obviously thought, going into the end of 2022, that the tax legislation there, the amortization, would get eliminated. Unfortunately, that didn't happen. That cost us $1.6 billion last year.

As Neil said, it'd be another $1.4 billion. And as we go into the 2025 timeframe, that drag will still be about $1 billion. About 800 million of that is actual net R&D deferral, and there's a couple of hundred million dollars of additional interest expense in financing our little loan to the government. So, all that being equal, we still see -- and we had always talked about a $10 billion free cash flow in 2025.

Realistically, I think that number is going to be 9 billion. Now, most of that growth from, let's call it, $5 billion this year to $9 billion is going to come from a segment operating profit, which should grow between 2022 and 2025 by about $5 billion. And that just assumes an execution on the current demand that we have in backlog. I mean, there's nothing else magic about that except the continued return of people flying and the defense budgets remaining very robust.

So, we see a path to that 9 billion. I don't see a path to the $10 billion today because of the R&D, but it's a long time. Maybe -- we hope that people in Washington will understand that they're making a very, very bad tactical decision here and not allowing us to deduct R&D. But it is the reality that we face today.

Rob Stallard -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst

That's great. Thanks, Greg.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Robert.

Operator

Now, our next question comes from the line of Sheila Kahyaoglu of Jefferies. Your question, please, Sheila.

Sheila Kahyaoglu -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Hi. Good morning, guys, and thank you. Maybe a little bit more focused on 2023. You know, you mentioned 400 suppliers in the supply chain.

How are you expecting the supply chain to unravel across both the commercial aerospace and defense segments? And you mentioned 2 billion of inflation headwinds. Can you talk about the impact of pricing on a net basis and across the businesses and maybe where you're seeing the most impact?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Hey, Sheila. It's Chris. I'll start with this one and then invite Neil and Greg to chime in. So, let's talk about supply chain, you know, for a minute.

Maybe start with the positive, which was saw some stabilization as we exited the year last year. If you look at RMD, material receipts were up 30% Q3 to Q4. Supplier delinquencies were down. At Pratt, we saw some uptick in casting deliveries.

So, those are some of the green shoots that we saw at the end of the year. But I'll tell you, it's not where we need to be, especially for the back half of '23. The kinds of things that we're focused on, can we have things that we can control? Well, we've got the people on-site, as you mentioned, and they're responding to engineering and quality issues, giving us better visibility to what's going on, relieving, you know, bottlenecks, and also finding issues earlier than perhaps we were previously, giving us more time to react. We've qualified some additional suppliers and negotiated additional LTAs.

I think we did about 400 agreements last year. It was about $1.8 billion in annual spend. So, again, giving our suppliers better visibility into our demand and what we're doing. And then, you know, candidly, we're taking some actions in our own house to better enable supply chain performance, small things like reducing the time it takes to place a PO to, perhaps, more complex things like engineering changes to improve the yields on some of our complex parts and ensuring that we've got sort of a stable configuration as programs move from development into production.

So, those are all the things that we're focused on to continue to drive health and supply chain. But you're right, we're going to need it to perform to hit these numbers we've got here in '23 and beyond.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

So, Sheila, the other question that you had there was on inflation. And, you know, I think, again, the $2 billion of inflation is a real number. We saw it last year. We were able to overcome it through cost reduction, as well as some additional pricing.

And again, we will see pricing benefits again in 2023, especially on the commercial and aftermarket side. Keep in mind, also on the defense side, about a third of our business is cost type, cost reimbursable. And so, some of that inflation gets passed automatically along to our customer at the Department of Defense. As I think about that $2 billion, right about 1.2 billion, I think Chris said, is product-related, and about $800 million of that is people cost.

And that is a real number. We've got roughly $20 billion in compensation cost across RTX. That's about a 4% increase year over year for $800 million. It's a big number.

But again, we've got plans in place for cost reduction, both in the supply chain and in the factories, as well as in the back office. And some of this transformation activity that Chris mentioned with the realignment of the businesses will also present us an opportunity to get after some of that cost. So, it's real, but we've got plans. And I think we have more than provided for that in the guidance as Neil covered.

Sheila Kahyaoglu -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Great. Thank you, both.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Sheila.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ronald Epstein of Bank of America. Your question, please, Ronald.

Ron Epstein -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Hey. Yeah. Good morning, everyone.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Ron.

Ron Epstein -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Question for you about this restructuring and reorganization, I guess, in the defense business in Raytheon. I think we all understand that you'll get cost synergies out of it. But if you look at -- excuse me, RIS in the quarter, with the sales down 5%, how does the reorganization, you know, boost sales synergies? I guess that's the first question. And then, you know, the second question is -- I mean, it's really, I mean, you know, how do you boost that? And then, the second question is, is there some restructuring that actually has to go on that portfolio? Because there are some businesses in there that are just structurally lagging?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Hey, Ron. It's Chris. Maybe I'll take a crack at the sales synergy. So, again, as we kind of said upfront, this is about taking the organization to the next level, right? You got a tremendous defense backlog, something like $70 billion RIS, RMD.

And this is really about enhancing customer alignment coordination. We've had customer feedback throughout the last couple of years about the need for us to figure out how to better integrate some of our solutions, providing mission solutions to the customers, coming in with a unified narrative and an investment story. All of these things, I think, will enable us to work better and frankly collaborate better across businesses. In large organizations like ours, you won't be surprised to hear that, sometimes, there's some friction there.

And we think this will help remove some of that friction and, again, provide better solutions to the customer. So, thus far, the customer feedback, those that we've spoken to, sort of see that potential. And it's up to us to execute on it. As for the portfolio, I think, again, RIS has a very strong portfolio.

Book-to-bill was 0.96, not necessarily where we want it. We had some campaigns push-out over the year. But we're really strong, again, about the portfolio, and we're going to continue to invest in it.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

You know, Ron, let me just jump in and add to that. As we look at this reorganization, this is not just about putting RIS and RMD together to recreate the old legacy Raytheon company. We're going to take the entire portfolio of RIS, Collins, RMD and move the pieces where they are most appropriately aligned from a technology and a customer standpoint. So, you may well see pieces, especially related to JADC2 moving into the Collins business.

We'll see how all of this evolves over the next several months. I would say, by the time we get to the end of the first quarter, we should have a really good understanding of what the new organization is going to look like. We'll share that with everybody at that point. It's going to take us longer than that to actually do the rewiring.

That's why we're talking about kind of a mid-year. But I agree with Chris. I think, you know, the portfolio that we have across the legacy Raytheon and Collins businesses is really quite strong. And the book-to-bill will be -- we'll get better at some of those legacy RI&S businesses, especially in the space segment.

I would also tell you that, you know, the performance in Q4 was not great, but it was really legacy programs from many years ago that we still have not completed. So, there's some work to do there. But I would tell you, the portfolio is not broken or the business is not broken.

Ron Epstein -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Noah Poponak of Goldman Sachs. Your question, please, Noah.

Noah Poponak -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Hey, good morning, everybody.

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Hey, Noah. How are you? Good morning.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Noah.

Noah Poponak -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Good. You know, recognizing that there's multiple top-line inputs that are out of your control at the moment, which of the 2025 segment margin target hold and which do not at this point. Because, you know, in the two aerospace segments, the '24 or '25 incrementals required to get there are a lot better than '23. And then, you know, obviously, on the defense side, it requires a pretty big step-up.

So, help me with that math. And I guess just what's the latest medium-term outlook for each of the segment margins?

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. Noah, let me take a stab at that one for you, because, you know, as you look out to 2025, clearly, we've had, in 2022, some supply chain and labor impacts that have, you know, kind of caused us to come in a little lower than our initial expectations. However, when you think about that backlog that we've been talking about, it's 175 billion at the company level; $69 billion, $70 billion within the defense. We have a lot to deliver ahead of us.

And so, I think there's going to be some puts and takes as we look at the segments, you know, on an individual basis as you get out to 2025. But as I step back and look at the totality of RTX and where we projected to be and where we're aiming to go, and with that backlog, we feel confident that we can get there. We get the sales growth, we get the earnings growth. And Greg already hit on the cash flow pieces there.

So, you know, some things have changed since we've talked in 2021. We're certainly dealing with a lot more inflation. But we've also, you know, got the situation in Ukraine that has given R&D some tailwind. So, when we get to June, we'll be able to lay out that in more detail and also be, you know, aligned with the format of our new operating segments at that time.

But, you know, I think there's going to be some puts and takes, but we're all focused on driving margin improvements and making the right investments to drive that, you know, automation in the factory and digitization. I should add to Greg's comments earlier about the free cash flow walk. We'll probably see about a $0.5 billion of capital headwind between 2022 and 2023. So, making the right investments, you know, I'm really focused on earnings growth and conversion of cash.

And so, you know, we'll see where the margins land. But I do think we're going to get that earnings growth.

Noah Poponak -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Is it your anticipation that you'll have a few hundred basis points of defense segment margin expansion over the next, you know, few years? And is that all cost, or is that mix, or is it not dealing with supply chain? Or, you know, how do you do that?

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

I would tell you, it is a combination of all of those things. It's supply chain getting better, which allows us to see productivity in our factories. It's also, as we move from these LRIP contracts, initial rates of production on LTMs and SPY-6 and others to full-rate production to see an improvement in margin on the production side, as well as the mix of DOD versus international sales. Today, we're actually at a low point of about 30% at RMD of international versus DOD sales.

That actually transitions back toward a more historical level, you know, 40%, 45% as we do more exports, especially around LTMs and some of these other new systems.

Noah Poponak -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

OK. Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Peter Arment of Baird. Your question, please. Peter.

Peter Arment -- Robert W. Baird and Company -- Analyst

Hey. Good morning, Greg.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Peter.

Peter Arment -- Robert W. Baird and Company -- Analyst

Hey. Greg, I want to stay in RMD. It's just, you know, up low to mid single digits, you know, on an organic basis. Just in the backdrop, it seems like it should be, you know, potentially better than that, obviously.

You know, wondering if you could just kind of parse out, you know, how much, you know, is being impacted by the supply chain. And if, you know, just when we think about all the DOD potential replenishment activity, plus you've got strong demand from NATO allies, just a lot of opportunities for the space. It feels like you should have a more potentially sustained top-line growth. Maybe just your thoughts on that over the coming next couple of years.

Thanks.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, you know, Peter, I think you're spot on. I think as we look at '23 and then '24, there is more growth potential of RMD than there probably is any business outside of Collins just because, again, the backlog is so strong. I would tell you, you know, given the challenges that we saw in supply chain last year and driving material in, I think we've taken a more conservative view of 2023 performance there. I think total material inputs at RMD last year were around $6 billion.

This year, we're looking at about 6.5 billion. But quite frankly, the demand is out there for more. So, you know, that 6.5 billion should also drive some productivity, $100 million to $150 million. Again, I think that's actually light by historical standards.

But I hate to say the word conservative again and again, but, really, we set these targets where we think we can absolutely deliver. We're not going to have to go back and relook at these in the middle of the year. But there are certainly the demand out there for higher top line that would result in higher bottom line. But most of that growth, I think, will come in 2024, when we really see supply chain back to where we had seen it pre-pandemic.

And that is the key for RMD. We've got the orders, we've got the capacity. We just have to bring and drive the material in. And that 6.5 billion that we see next year is going to have to continue to grow significantly to meet the demand out there that we see.

Peter Arment -- Robert W. Baird and Company -- Analyst

Appreciate the color. Thanks, Greg.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Peter.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Myles Walton of Wolfe Research. Your question, please, Myles.

Myles Walton -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

Thanks. Hey, good morning. And, Greg, just a follow-up first, I think you just said RMD might have the fastest growth outside of Collins. I just want to clarify.

Is Pratt still the faster growing of the two, or is Collins now faster growing?

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

From a bottom-line perspective, it's going to be Collins, right? I think, again, top line, you're going to see -- what is the number, Neil, for '23 here for Pratt?

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

For '23, they'll be up low to mid-teens. So, very substantial growth for '23. And, you know, sort of as you look out, you know, over the next several years, you know, these four businesses are in the same zip code of high single-digit type of sales growth on a CAGR basis.

Myles Walton -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

And maybe a more detailed question on Pratt, if you can just give a little color on where GTF is in the aftermarket composition, where legacy, you know, higher-margin aftermarket is in that composition, and how those two play out over the next several years, and also, how the GTF aftermarket is trending versus your sort of assumptions of profitability on those long-term contracts.

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Hey, Myles. This is Chris. Maybe just to step back for a minute on GTF. You know, demand remains really, really strong.

As you know, we continue to do the block upgrades to drive improved time-on-wing. Obviously, improved time-on-wing helps with the contract profitability. We continue to incorporate upgrades to sort of improve the customer experience. On the aftermarket side in 2022, turned slightly positive.

And so, from this point, it's about accelerating those margins. You're going to see that through some better contract mix, as we talked about back in investor day in '21. You're going to see that through increased time-on-wing through some of these upgrades. And so, the GTF aftermarket profitability is something that is of high focus at Pratt, given the growing installed base gets about 2,500 engines out there and a very large backlog.

So, GTF aftermarket is a huge driver.

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

And maybe I'll just put a couple of financial numbers around that to help out a little bit. But at Pratt for 2023, we think the aftermarket there will be up between 20% and 25% from a sales perspective. So, think about the legacy shop visits being about 15 to 20% up year over year. You know, on the OE side, that would imply about a mid-teens sort of sales growth there.

So, we see strong growth, obviously, in the commercial business. And I guess, while I'm on Pratt, I'll just throw out a couple of Collins numbers just so everyone has them. In their aftermarket business, you know, think about that as being up sort of low double digit to low teens sequentially, kind of growing in the low single-digit percentage kind of range. And on the OE side, up low to mid-teens year over year.

So, again, with all that OE growth that we see across the narrow and wide-body platforms, you'll see that both at Pratt and Collins.

Myles Walton -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

OK. Thank you.

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

Welcome.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of David Strauss of Barclays. Your question, please, David.

David Strauss -- Barclays -- Analyst

Good morning, everyone.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, David.

David Strauss -- Barclays -- Analyst

Greg, I guess following up on that, could you just comment where you are on, you know, I guess across mainly Collins but also touching on Pratt, where you are relative to the manufacturers stated rates, I guess, in particular on the MACs in the low 30s, A320 in the mid to high 40s, and 787 around two a month. Thanks.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, David, it's something we focus a lot on. Obviously, we are -- I would tell you, Collins and Pratt are in lockstep with Boeing and Airbus in terms of their production rates. Obviously, some of the challenges that we've talked about at Pratt on the supply chain with structural castings is limited. I would say, some of our ability to meet some of the demand out there, that's starting to ease.

And again, we are working very closely with Airbus on the A320 production rate. As far as 737, you know, that's really a Collins story. And, you know, the outlook that Neil talked about, that assumes those rates that you talked about, around 31 aircraft or so a month on average. I think they were a little light on that in the fourth quarter, but we think we'll get back to that.

They still have a roughly 200 aircraft to be delivered that are in inventory, too, from when the line was shut down, which, again, also, is part of Collins's upside for the year. As far as 787, you know, we see that. As you said, I think it's one a month, going to two a month, and, perhaps, up to three. Again, I think that will all depend upon Boeing's ability to continue to get the aircraft out the door.

But we are working with them on a daily, weekly basis to make sure that we can support them. But we don't see anything in our supply chain today that would prevent us from delivering either Boeing or Airbus to the rates that they need.

David Strauss -- Barclays -- Analyst

Great. And, Greg, can you just comment on the Interiors business, how that's doing? Is that -- if you're starting to see a pickup there from the wide-body side. Thanks.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, it's -- yeah, David, it's one of those -- it is probably the slowest recovery of all of the Collins businesses, to your point, because it is primarily wide-body. And as the airlines were conserving cash these last couple of years, we saw sales down significantly. We don't expect a recovery in the interiors business literally for the next three years. So, it gets better, but it's still not back to what it was pre-pandemic.

It will remain a challenge.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Cai von Rumohr of Cowen. Your question, please, Cai.

Cai von Rumohr -- Cowen and Company -- Analyst

Yes. Thank you so much. So, cash flow in the fourth quarter, you had a 900 million uptick in payables, a huge uptick in contract liabilities. And yet, inventory, where you normally get a benefit in the fourth quarter, were actually up a bit.

Maybe comment on some of those trends and how that translates to a flat year in 2023.

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Cai. Good morning. Let me let me start on 2022 and where we ended the year. You're right.

The inventory was up. I would say most of that was at Pratt and Collins. As you think about the backlog, the growth rates we just talked, and on the commercial aerospace side and the supply chain issues that we're all, you know, working to overcome, we were pretty strategic in our thinking around making sure we're bringing in the materials so that we can deliver and meet the customer commitments. You pointed out the accounts payable growth there.

So, you know, not all, but a large portion of that inventory growth was sort of offset by the payables that kind of go along with that. On the advances side or the contract side, really, that was driven by some -- a couple of large international advances that we received in December that contributed to our overdrive of free cash flow, which was about 500 million relative to our expectations. That will be a drag on working capital as you get into 2023. And as I look at the '23 free cash flow, we see a little bit of a headwind on the working capital, in part because of some of the advances that we got at the end of 2022.

And I'd say in part because we're going to continue to be pretty strategic about making sure that we bring in, you know, parts and materials where we need them and where there's constraints and bottlenecks in the supply chain value stream right now. So, on balance, you know, we're always targeting to take that inventory balance down, but we want to be smart and make sure we have the products and we can deliver it. We will be seeing, you know, improved velocity through our factories as we go through '23. So, I'd expect the terms to improve here.

But all eyes on the inventory management for sure and then managing through, you know, the collections as we get into 2023 at our international customer sites.

Cai von Rumohr -- Cowen and Company -- Analyst

Thank you very much.

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

You're welcome.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Kristine Liwag of Morgan Stanley. Your question, please. Christine?

Kristine Liwag -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Hey. Good morning, everyone.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey.

Kristine Liwag -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Greg and Chris -- Hey. Following up on the supply chain, what issues are the same versus 2022 versus what issues are different? I mean, considering the strengthening visibility on demand, I would have assumed that we'd seen a lot more improvement by now. So, what's the root of the problem? And can you provide more details on the actions you're taking to get this resolved, you know, by the second half of the year?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Hey, Christine. It's Chris. So, I would say the constraints are those that we've talked about previously. I said, we saw some improvement on castings.

It's not where it needs to be. So, castings is still there. Rocket motors continues to be a pacing item at RMD. And microelectronics, while the lead times have stabilized, they haven't come down and back to 2019 historical levels.

And so, those are sort of the three main areas that I talked about, we've talked about in the past, that continue to be a headwind as we're moving into '23. In terms of the specific actions, I talked about, a few of them, you know, earlier, but again, some of this is what I would call blocking and tackling in the factories, whether it be ours or our supply chain. And I mentioned that before. In some cases, we'll try to make an engineering change to improve producibility and, ultimately, yield.

In other places, we just need to be in with our customer answering quality questions and making sure we can help them relieve bottlenecks. On microelectronics, a lot of that was about, really, the supply base, understanding our demand, and then working some interesting agreements, negotiated agreements on making sure that we had our priority place in line and we made sure that we had our right, you know, allocation. With what you're seeing on the consumer side in terms of microelectronics coming down, we expect to see our allocation get better in that area. But again, still not where it needs to be here in '23.

We are assuming a back-half recovery. So, certainly, not all is lost, but it will be the man-to-man defense here to get to that point.

Kristine Liwag -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Thanks, Chris. And then, Greg, maybe a follow-up. You mentioned on your commentary on commercial large structural casting, it sounded more constructive today than your commentary in previous quarters. I was wondering what changed in the supply chain that you're seeing to make you more confident? How much of that is the OEMs, you know, walking away from, like Airbus walking away from 75 per month versus, you know, you're seeing that ease through investments they're making or maybe labor easing?

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

I think, Kristine, if you think about the structural casting issue, we're not out of the woods, as Chris said, but it has certainly gotten a lot better from where we were a year ago today. And we continue to work with the suppliers there, primarily around the requirements side, making sure that, you know, the specifications that were flowing down are actually producible in the supply chain. So, that's giving us this confidence. But, you know, as Chris said, it's going to be the end of 2023 before we see structural castings back to 2019 levels.

Again, we've got confidence. They have been bringing people on. They have been training people. We have folks out there helping them.

But all of that would support the OE rates that we need to support for 2023. Anything you want to add there, Chris?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

I would just support what you said, Greg, that our supply chain is bringing in labor. They're starting to see more success on that front. But in some cases, like take castings, it is a pretty complex process. And there's a learning curve for folks that you bring in, and it takes some time to come down that learning curve to get to a level of productivity that we need to see for the improvements here.

But again, focused on that in the back half of '23.

Kristine Liwag -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Great. Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Doug Harned of Bernstein. Please go ahead, Doug.

Doug Harned -- AllianceBernstein -- Analyst

Thank you. Good morning.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Doug.

Doug Harned -- AllianceBernstein -- Analyst

You know, on Pratt, you're talking about 15% to 20% growth in the aftermarket and the legacy programs this year. You know, one of the things that we've been concerned about has been capacity constraints. Just it's taking longer to, say, get a V2500 into a shop for an overhaul and longer to get it through. When you look at that upside, your forecasting, how are you thinking about the capacity issue, labor availability? And is there potentially further upside from that if you can actually have more success there?

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

Doug, let me start with that, and maybe Chris will add. So, you know, as we think about outlook, you know, you're right to say that we see the large commercial engine -- legacy commercial engine shop as it's up 15% to 20%. Think about the Vs being up around 20. And if you think about the map there, we were a little over 700 or so as we exited 2022.

So, that puts us in, you know, mid-800 is kind of a range expectation for 2023, which is the level we've been at before. So, as it relates to capacity, you know, we have that level of capacity for the legacy shop visits. And, you know, it really then comes back to the conversation we've been having here for the last hour about ensuring that the supply chain is there, ready to support that level of shop visit inductions, which, again, you know, we've been planning. These expectations are in line with the numbers that Chris put out there back in May of 2021.

So, again, the supply chain, I think, expects this level of an uptick, and our shops do as well. In terms of, is there upside? You know, as you think about retirements of this aircraft, for example, it was 21 aircraft in the last year that got retired that were V2500-powered. So, I'm not going to get ahead of ourselves. But I think that, you know, when you look at the dynamics around, you know, OE delivery today of new aircraft, we think the V2500 still has a lot of life left in it.

About a third of that fleet has yet to see its first shop visit. And so, you know, I'm cautiously optimistic that we will see that, you know, fly for a longer period of time at these elevated levels. Chris, I don't know if there's anything else you want to add to that?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Doug, I would add that you're right. Turn times have been elevated on V and other platforms. And so, we don't see as many supply chain constraints there, perhaps, as we do another in other areas. I would say, the labor is stabilizing.

Again, you bring in people off the street to do MRO. There is a learning curve associated with that individual becoming, you know, a productive technician and maintenance personnel. But we believe we've got the plan in place there. In terms of upside, I mean, again, if you listen to lessors and others out there today, Neil kind of referenced this, given the supply chain challenges we're having on, perhaps, new production, you're seeing airlines hold on to older assets longer, signing up for longer leases.

So, again, kind of goes to the -- for the life of the V2500, and maybe being some upside there.

Doug Harned -- AllianceBernstein -- Analyst

And just really quick, what was the favorable contract adjustment, the size of that, perhaps, for the quarter?

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

From an operating profit, think about a few pennies.

Doug Harned -- AllianceBernstein -- Analyst

OK. All right. Great. OK.

Thank you.

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

You're welcome.

Operator

Thank you. Our final question will come from the line of Seth Seifman of JPMorgan. Your question, please. Seth.

Seth Seifman -- JPMorgan Chase and Company -- Analyst

Oh, great. Thanks. Thanks for the final question. Guys, I wonder if we could dig in a little bit more on the GTF.

And you talked, Chris, a little bit about the time-on-wing. You know, what we've been reading lately from comments from some of the leasing companies and comments in the press is the time-on-wing on new-generation engines has been falling short of expectations. And so, you know, a, kind of, you know, to what degree do you share that perception and kind of where does that need to get? You know, b, what specifically in the engine do you need to kind of improve to get it there? And then, the last part is, I think you mentioned that GTF aftermarket profits were positive for the first time. And just, you know, with the relatively young pool of engines and, you know, maybe some time-on-wing challenges, you know, how do profits get to positive?

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

So, I would say that I generally agree with the sentiment that you're hearing. Time-on-wing -- and we've been pretty open about this and very open dialogue with our customers about time-on-wing on newer platforms not necessarily being where we wanted them to be when we launched the program. We have done a number of block upgrades. As I said, we've got a black upgrade going in now through MRO.

That increases time-on-wing. On average, about 20% just based on the geography, you know, that you're in. And we've got some other, I think, durability and reliability hardware and software fixes that we put in as well. So, we obviously want to get to the contractual levels that we have promised, and we've got a plan to go do that with these upgrades, Seth.

I will tell you, keep in mind, you've got the GTF Advantage that's going to start cutting in, in 2024. As you know, that's the next generation of the GTF, more thrust, better fuel burn. Started flight testing in Q4 with Airbus, and we remain on track there for a 2024 EIS. That takes all of the lessons learned we've had on the, what I call, base GTF program and some enhanced testing.

And we think that's the next generation that will get to the levels of performance in time-on-wing that our customers are anticipating. But even on, what I'll call, the existing fleet today, we've got upgrade plans to continue to push that time-on-wing, you know, higher and higher. Our customers, you know, are demanding it, and our contracts are dependent on it. So, we're aligned there.

Seth Seifman -- JPMorgan Chase and Company -- Analyst

All right. OK. Thanks very much.

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

OK. Thanks, Seth, and thank you, everyone, for listening today. As always, Jennifer and her team are going to be available today, tomorrow, the rest of the week to answer any follow-up questions that you have. Thank you for listening, and take care, everyone.

Operator

[Operator signoff]

Duration: 0 minutes

Call participants:

Greg Hayes -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Chris Calio -- Chief Operating Officer

Neil Mitchill -- Chief Financial Officer

Rob Stallard -- Vertical Research Partners -- Analyst

Sheila Kahyaoglu -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Ron Epstein -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Noah Poponak -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Peter Arment -- Robert W. Baird and Company -- Analyst

Myles Walton -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

David Strauss -- Barclays -- Analyst

Cai von Rumohr -- Cowen and Company -- Analyst

Kristine Liwag -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Doug Harned -- AllianceBernstein -- Analyst

Seth Seifman -- JPMorgan Chase and Company -- Analyst

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