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Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd (RCL 2.27%)
Q3Â 2019 Earnings Call
Oct 30, 2019, 10:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good morning. My name is Dorothy and I will be your conference operator today. At this time I would like to welcome everyone to the Royal Caribbean Cruises Limited Third Quarter 2019 Earnings Call. [Operator Instructions].
I would now like to introduce Chief Financial Officer Mr. Jason Liberty. Mr. Liberty the floor is yours.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you operator. Good morning and thank you for joining us today for our Third Quarter Earnings call. Joining me here in Miami are Richard Fain our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Michael Bayley President and CEO of Royal Caribbean International; and Carola Mengolini our Vice President of Investor Relations. During this call we will be referring to a few slides which have been posted on our Investor website www.rclinvestor.com. Before we get started I would like to refer you to our notice about forward-looking statements which is on our first slide. During this call we will be making comments that are forward-looking. These statements do not guarantee future performance and do involve risks and uncertainties. Examples are described in our SEC filing and other disclosures. Please note that we do not undertake to update the information in our filings as circumstances change.
Also we will be discussing certain non-GAAP financial measures which are adjusted as defined and a reconciliation of all non-GAAP historical items can be found on our website. Unless we state otherwise all metrics are on a constant currency-adjusted basis. Richard will begin by providing a strategic overview of the business. I will follow-up with a recap of our third quarter results provide an update on the current booking environment provide an update on our guidance for the full year and fourth quarter of 2019. And then close with some early thoughts on 2020.
We will then open up the call for your questions. Richard?
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you Jason and good morning everyone. It's been another very good quarter for Royal Caribbean and we're pleased to provide some color. Overall the results for the third quarter and our expectation for the fourth were all very encouraging. Our operating performance on virtually any metric we follow is equal to or better than we had expected. Of course Hurricane Dorian impacted us negatively but we've been able to offset over half of this impact with improved performance elsewhere. Of course no year and no industry goes exactly as predicted. And there will always be certain hiccups in any given year. Our job is to try and do 2 things. Firstly to minimize our exposure to such issues so that they can remain rare. And secondly to compensate for them elsewhere in the business so that they can just be background noise in our full report. We know that you expect us to accomplish both of these objectives and we have been surprisingly successful over the years in doing so.
However 2019 has been an unusual year with an unusual spate of such challenges. I would include in this things like the collapse of the drydock at Freeport which has never happened before. The impact of Hurricane Dorian which is the largest impact from any hurricane in our company's history the abrupt change in the government policy toward Cuba etc., etc. The result of all these impacts has been to change what would have been an amazingly successful year into simply a very successful year. I give credit for that to our unbelievable operating teams who continue to perform well in differentiating our brands and raising our prices while controlling expenses. I would point to a number of key drivers in this success. For example our investments in destinations are really paying off. Perfect Day at CocoCay continues to amaze our Royal Caribbean International guests and boost our bottom line. Our vessel modernization program is driving strong results. These upgrades are expensive but our guests love them and reward us accordingly. Take our investments in technology which are beginning to bear fruit. These investments are expensive and demanding but they improve the experience for crew and guests alike. They make us more attractive and more efficient. Or take for example our support of the travel agent community which is strong and long lasting. We treasure the value these advisors add to the process. And these advisors in turn reward us with their trust and their support. And cost control is always challenging. But doing so in our complex and ever-changing environment is especially so. Undertaking these significant innovations while controlling costs to low single digits is challenging but our teams are committed to the focus. And look at the China market which is paying off very nicely. It's a long-term strategic program but our focus on developing the market has exceeded our expectations in terms of performance. Our sales in China are holding up well despite any economic concerns. The result of all these things is a very positive year.
The markets in the U.S. and China have been particularly strong but every geographical market we serve is up from last year whether that's North America Europe China wherever. And our forward guidance shows that we expect that to continue. We operate in an incredible variety of source markets and destination markets and each market has its own ups and downs. But all the market share the same main characteristic and that diversification seems to balance out over time. This allows us to follow a remarkably consistent upward trajectory. We continue to believe that upward trajectory is an inevitable consequence of the shift in consumer spending habits concerning their money on material possessions to wanting experiences. The consumer's growing demand for experiential travel fits nicely into our sweet spot. It is making cruise vacations more relevant and more mainstream. And our innovations are making us more attractive therefore expanding our role in this market. As a result we expect to end this year with more revenue on the books than ever before with very high book load factors at very attractive pricing. All of that bodes well for an attractive 2020. Now one other overarching essential feature for us is sustainability.
We continue with our relentless efforts to eliminate single-use plastics onboard our ships reduce our carbon footprint sustainably source our food and other supplies etc., etc. One of the more interesting things we recently announced was our second Perfect day destination. I was just in Vanuatu where we finalized the deal to open our second Perfect Day experience at Lelepa there in Vanuatu. This is exciting because it expands on the amazingly successful Perfect Day concept. But there's also one very special aspect of this project that is also worth noting. We will be explaining more about this in a press release to be issued shortly. But Lelepa will be the first private cruise destination in the world that achieves carbon neutrality. All of the energy consumed will be generated from renewable sources. Accomplishing that requires both major investment and major innovation but Perfect Day at Lelepa will be rich in both. We are very excited about some of the techniques we're using to accomplish that carbon neutral goal. Global climate change is one of the defining issues of our time. And we want to do all we can to up our game in this very important struggle. So to recap it has been an unusual year but our business continues to be robust. And we are very optimistic about our operating model our business our investments in the future our people the future is bright.
And with that I get to ask Jason to provide an overview of the results.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you Richard. I will begin by talking about our results for the third quarter of 2019. These results are summarized on Slide two. For the quarter we generated adjusted earnings of $4.27 per share which is $0.08 lower than our guidance and 7% higher than same time last year. Stronger close-in demand for our core products combined with the timing of expenses partially offset a $0.13 impact from Hurricane Dorian. Hurricane Dorian was one of the most operationally and financially disruptive hurricanes that we have ever experienced. The location timing and duration of the storm caused 3 of our main Florida ports to temporarily close during key turnaround days. Due to these closures we had to cancel one sailing and shorten or lengthen another 15 sailings resulting in a reduction in APCDs for the third quarter. Also we closed Perfect Day at CocoCay for 10 days. The size of the financial impact to our operation from disrupted sailings we have and will continue to contribute to ongoing relief efforts in the Bahamas. While some of our relief efforts were in the form of financial contributions. We are particularly proud of more than 0.5 million hot meals that our crew shore side employees and guests help prepare and deliver during this very difficult time.
Our net revenue yield increased 6.4% year-over-year which excluding Dorian exceeded our expectations for the quarter. The hurricane negatively impacted overall revenue by $21 million. Net cruise costs excluding fuel were up 11% for the quarter. The reduction in APCDs and relief expenses that relate to the hurricane impacted this metric by 150 basis points. On an absolute basis costs came in better than expected driven by timing. Now I'd like to share the trend that we have been seeing in the demand environment for the balance of 2019. As we move into the fourth quarter many of our ships transition out of Europe Alaska and Bermuda and begin their winter seasons. As such about 56% of our capacity will be in the Caribbean 18% will be in the Asia-Pacific region and 10% will be in Europe. Q4 bookings continue to be in line with our expectations at rates that are significantly higher year-over-year. Now let's turn to Slide three to talk about our guidance for the full year. We are updating our guidance to a range of $9.50 to $9.55 per share. This range includes the negative impact of approximately $0.15 from Hurricane Dorian that relates to disruption and the relief efforts.
Excluding this impact we are in effect increasing the midpoint of our guidance by approximately $0.08. As better third quarter results and improved revenue outlook for the fourth quarter and some expected improvements below the line are more than offsetting slightly higher costs. As it relates to our key metrics we expect our net revenue yields to increase approximately 8% for the year. This is in line with our previous guidance as strength in the revenue environment is offsetting the negative yield impact from the hurricane. From a cost perspective we expect net cruise costs excluding fuel to be up approximately 11%. The increase in guidance is driven by the reduction in capacity and relief efforts from the hurricane together with a further increase in technology and product development investments. We anticipate fuel expense of $696 million for the year and we are 60% hedged at a price of $380 per metric ton.
In summary based on the current business outlook along with current fuel prices interest and currency exchange rates our adjusted earnings per share are expected to be in the range of $9.50 to $9.55. Now we can turn to our guidance for the fourth quarter which is on Slide four. Net yields are expected to be up approximately 6.75% with the addition of Silversea Terminal A and Perfect Day at CocoCay driving approximately 300 basis points of year-over-year improvement. Net cruise costs excluding fuel for the fourth quarter are expected to increase 14.5%. Our cost metric includes approximately 300 basis points from the operations of Silversea the Cruise Terminal and Perfect Day. Also our cost metric is impacted by an increased number of drydock days versus last year which is affecting the metric by approximately 600 basis points. Other drivers for the expected cost increase for the quarter includes a shift in the timing of expenses for the third quarter some additional investments in technology and product development and relief efforts that relate to the hurricane.
Now including the outlook expressed above and based on currency fuel prices interest rates and currency exchange rates our adjusted earnings per share for the quarter are expected to be approximately $1.40 per share. Now I'd like to take you through some preliminary insights for 2020 which while still very early is currently shaping up to be another incredible year for the company. 3 of our brands will welcome new ships and we will continue to modernize our existing fleet by adding onboard revenue areas state rooms and activities. We will also significantly increase the number of guests experiencing Perfect Day at CocoCay. Now regarding new ship additions Celebrity Edge was a game changer for celebrity cruises when she joined the fleet about a year ago and we're thrilled that she will be joined by Celebrity Apex in April of 2020. Apex will spend the summer sailing in the Mediterranean before transitioning back to the Caribbean next fall. As in Apex our transforming Celebrity's fleet just as Silver Muse and Silver Moon are transforming Silverseas. Silver Moon will be delivered in August of 2020 and will spend the summer sailing a variety of European itineraries.
In addition we are adding Silver Origin to Silversea's fleet of expedition ships next July. Finally Royal Caribbean will welcome Odyssey of the Seas at the end of next year. Odyssey will sail in the Caribbean for the 2020 and 2021 winter season we'll call it the Perfect Day. She will then transition to Europe for the summer of '21. These 4 ships are contributing to a capacity increase of just under 5% in 2020. The timing of new ship deliveries combined with the quarter reporting lag for Silversea result in more significant growth in the back half of the year than in the first half. Now I'd like to provide you with an update on our 2020 deployment. Our Caribbean capacity is growing about 2% year-over-year and will represent half of our overall deployment. Key itinerary changes include the addition of year-round short Caribbean sailings on Independence of the Seas a Northeast based product for Oasis of the Seas and the additions of both Celebrity Apex and Odyssey of the Seas in the fourth quarter.
In total more than 70% of our guests sailing on the Caribbean cruise will experience Perfect Day at CocoCay. European itineraries will account for 17% of our capacity in 2020. We have increased capacity in Europe by approximately 10% driven by the normal summer season for Celebrity Apex and Silver Moon. In addition Allure of the Seas will be sailing from Barcelona immediately after undergoing a $165 million modernization. Asia-Pacific itineraries will represent 17% of our capacity next year with increased deployment in China Australia and Southeast Asia. Finally we are slightly increasing our capacity in Alaska although the product will still only account for 5% of our overall inventory. Bookings and pricing for 2020 have been trending ahead of same time last year for the past three months. We did experience a brief low in demand surrounding Hurricane Dorian but bookings quickly rebounded to previous levels and are now nicely ahead. At this point our booked APDs are higher than same time last year in all 4 quarters and our load factors are up slightly on a like-for-like basis.
We have also seen an outward shift in the booking window relative to the same time last year since our last earnings call. While we are not going to provide guidance for 2020 until January I will note that we do expect yields to vary by quarter with Q2 and Q4 likely to be our strongest periods due to the timing of new ship deliveries. The itinerary changes related to Cuba will continue to compress our yields for the first half of 2020. The most significant Cuba impact is expected during the first quarter when 3 of our brands including our high-yielding Silversea and Azamara brands are scheduled to visit the island. I want to take a moment to highlight certain changes in our cost base that will take place over the coming years. Last year at this time I discussed expected future increases to our depreciation expense.
As Richard mentioned today and in past calls destinations technology and our fleet modernization program are key elements of our growth strategy. These investment areas offer attractive returns but sometimes have shorter depreciable lives than our traditional new building investments. Also some technology investments are not capitalizable and will result in an increase to our cost base. Finally the new ship additions for celebrity and Silversea will result in those brands being a larger percentage of our overall mix in 2020. These additions are expected to add to our yield and return profile but also have a higher cost per berth. While it's still too early to provide guidance for 2020 the combination of strong -- of our strong book position and an accelerating demand environment is certainly pointing to another year of robust yields and earnings growth.
With that I will ask the operator to open up the call for a question-and-answer session.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Jared Shojaian of Wolfe Research.
Jared Shojaian -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst
Hi, good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my question. So in the last few months we've seen some of the macro data get a little bit weaker some of the agent checks haven't been as positive as what we had seen earlier in the year. Obviously none of that seems to reconcile with what you're reporting and with what you're saying. So can you just talk about why you think there's a disconnect right now?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
I don't -- I mean I don't know if it's necessarily a disconnect. I think some of the -- for us we operate as global platform and we're sourcing guests throughout the world. And I think sometimes that does not connect itself to some of the price checks that the investment community is doing regularly with the trade. As you commented our experience at least since our last call for sure has been much different which at the time period you were referring to. And the environment has shown us acceleration above our expectations outside of the short lull we experienced on and around the Dorian Hurricane.
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
And Jared it's Richard and I'll just add besides the diversification that we have which helps support us. There's an awful lot of company-specific things that we've been implementing over this period. And it's the investments in the vessel upgrades has been very impactful. Michael might be willing to comment on Perfect Day and the technology improvements that we've made. We think all of these things are helping us run slightly ahead of just what normal momentum would get you.
Jared Shojaian -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst
Great. And just one quick follow-up for me. On the fuel I know you gave the disclosure on the hedge position but it's still noisy. And I know you're hedging more of the MGO. Can you just tell us as you sit here today looking at the forward curve what your fuel expense would look like in 2020? And then Jason I know you gave the color on increased D&A for next year. Do you have a number that you can refer us to?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Okay. So on the fuel side again we're still going through our planning process. So it's still too early for us to comment on what our fuel expense will be and what our depreciation expense will be. We've obviously invested significantly and implemented in a rapid pace our AEP systems which will allow our fuel mix to look very similar next year as it does this year. And so we should be able to take advantage of the IFO benefits that we're seeing here in the forward curve. On the depreciation side what I would say is that we can -- just another comment on the fuel side at least what we have seen generally from the analysts in terms of their fuel estimates. Again while it's still early in our planning process seems generally aligned with where we see fuel consensus. Same comment on -- moving on to the depreciation side. You saw it here in 2019 and you'll continue to see this trend that investments that we're making mainly in the technology space have much more shorter lives. And so I would just say while we're still in our planning process there is a reason why I'm emphasizing that there's going to be a higher depreciation cost because of that. And so I would just kind of point to take a look at that.
Jared Shojaian -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst
Okay, thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Steve Wieczynski of Stifel.
Steven Moyer Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst
So Richard or Jason you gave a lot of good details about how 2020 is shaping up? And I understand you're not prepared to give any quantitative guidance right now. But in the past you guys have talked about this this 2% to 4% range being a somewhat of a fair starting point. I guess the simple question is should that yield range still hold true for next year or I guess a different way of asking that would be Jason what does the word robust mean to you?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Well thanks Steve. So as you know it is obviously too early for us to begin to comment on what our yield guidance is going to be for next year. That 2% to 4% has generally represented on how our yields on a constant currency have grown now for several years. Obviously 2019 our like-for-like yields are 4.5% so it's a little bit above that range. I think what I would mean by the word robust is that the bookings and the demand trends that we're seeing shows that we will have a very good year strong year in terms of our yield profile for next year but we'll be more specific about where that lands in January when we provide guidance.
Steven Moyer Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst
Okay got you. I won't try to press that anymore. Second question would be around your island developments. I mean yesterday you obviously announced Antigua on top of South Pacific announcement a couple of weeks ago. And I guess the question would be how do you guys think about returns on these investments. And obviously so far CocoCay has been a home run but the question is going to be how do returns look for these future developments?
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
I think Michael might just be willing to comment on that.
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
I would yes it's true. So Steve I think as Richard mentioned and Jason has mentioned we're really delighted with the performance of Perfect Day at CocoCay. And the demand that we are seeing for the product -- and this year we've put 11 ships into Perfect Day has been outstanding. And then the demand for the products that we sell on Perfect Day has also been outstanding. I mean to give you one great price point overwater cabanas is opening in February they're selling for $1400 a day. So we've got we think a really great product and there's a huge amount of demand for this product. And we believe that the work that we're doing with Perfect Day in Vanuatu is going to have exactly the same kind of demand from the Australian market. And then the announcement yesterday that we made about the Beach Club the Royal Beach Club in Antigua we've put a lot of thought and analytics into creating this experience and we have a good understanding of the kind of revenue that we'll generate from that product. And I think in its simplest form because I have to talk to Jason about this. When we look at the investment and the returns that we get we're genuinely delighted with the returns.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And Steve just to add to it it's really clear that our guests are looking for authentic experiences and those experiences we have been investing quite considerably on our ships as we modernize our ships. And what we find is when we're making those investments on island especially with the volumes that we have our guests are willing to pay for that. And that's all yielding very high returns on these investments that we're making.
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
And just to add on Jason's point I think the strategy that we launched literally a couple of years ago by taking the Navigator and Mariner and now Independence and putting them through Royal Amplified and into the short cruise market combined with Perfect Day there's been a real game changer for that segment of the market. And that segments of the market is about 24% of the entire American cruise market. So we've really scooped up a lot of demand for those products and we see that demand continuing.
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
And Steve I think one of the things -- this actually comes back to earlier question about why we're doing differently than maybe you're seeing in some of your price checks. We've really said strategically we think focusing on 3 areas will help differentiate us. And those are destinations people and technology. And we think that emphasis is paying off with higher returns.
Steven Moyer Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst
Okay got you. And then one simple one for Jason and I'll get off. But Jason I think you mentioned I think in your prepared remarks about Thomas Cook and I just wanted to see if you guys saw any impact from them in the quarter?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes. Thanks Steve. Obviously the unfortunate circumstances with Thomas Cook has been a situation we've been monitoring for some time. But with the recent events it did impact our yields by about 15 basis points in the third quarter. Now saying that we really don't expect there to be any kind of forward impact from Thomas Cook being in a situation that they're in. And our sales and marketing teams feel like we're in a very healthy demand environment and able to use other distribution to support our business in the U.K.
Steven Moyer Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst
Okay, great. Thanks. I appreciate it.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Robin Farley with UBS.
Robin Margaret Farley -- UBS Investment Bank Research Division -- Analyst
I wanted to ask it looks like since last quarter your capex for next year is up by about $500 million. And I know I think since then you announced the Freedom of the Seas getting $100 million refurb. Is the other $400 million going to the destination development projects that you've talked about? Or just wondering what the biggest chunk of that is?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure sure. Thanks Robin for noticing. It did go up. And the key drivers of that is -- are the investments in destination. Also additional investments in terms of the modernization of our ships. Some of our investments in sustainability and technology as well as some of the new ship investments that we're making that are part of that increase.
Robin Farley -- UBS -- Analyst
Okay great. And then just on the outlook just to clarify. I know in the release you talked about load factor being up like-for-like. And rate you set up but I didn't know if you were drawing a distinction -- is rate for 2020 also up like-for-like? Or were you not really saying one way or the other?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes. So APDs whether like-for-like or just in the absolute are up nicely for 2020. On the load factor side we were just making -- there's just some structural things in terms of the timing of the new builds coming in the quarter lag. Still if you were to look at our load factors in general they're flattish which is exactly where we want them to be relative to last year. But when you adjust for some of the structural elements our load factors are nicely up.
Robin Farley -- UBS -- Analyst
Great. Thank you,
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Your next question comes from the line of Felicia Hendrix with Barclays.
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
So Jason just getting back to the Thomas Cook answer. Just to be clear the 15 basis point yield impact that you're seeing there was more from the distribution side and not the competitive side correct?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
It was purely from the distribution side and that really had to relate to more bad debt related elements to cruises that they had sold that we had not collected payment on. And of course we want to make sure that if those guests paid for those cruises whether we had gotten the cash or not we want to make sure we fulfill that vacation experience that they were promised.
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
And then just bigger picture kind of switching to the competitive environment and maybe some competitive pressures that you may or may not be seeing globally. I think that there's a lot of concern in the investment community about some of the challenges Carnival is facing not only in Europe but also now in the Caribbean and the narrative out there is that with perhaps a brand or a company that's kind of facing some challenges to alleviate those they may drop prices particularly in the Caribbean and that might affect your brand. So I'm just wondering if you could talk about how you are positioned relative to Carnival maybe globally but also more specifically in the Caribbean. And why you may or may not be affected by pricing decisions that they make?
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
So Felicia it's Richard. And I would just comment. I think our biggest competitor continues not to be Carnival or the other cruise lines. We really think that there are much more competitive forces coming from elsewhere in the industry that is from tourism from land tourism and ultimately from things like flat screen TVs. I think we've seen a major change for people going to buying vacations in especially cruise vacations versus flat screen TVs. But I think we see that more of a factor. And in terms of pricing from other competitors whether it's Carnival or anyone else because of the way the industry manages pricing and the fact that we fill the ship. If one company lowers its price in a period it will in effect shift the timing of bookings. But in the end there's -- the number of bookings is going to equal roughly the number of berths out there. So I would actually say we are seeing strong industry demand in general cruising in general is I think benefiting from the change in the way people are buying. But I don't think how any one competitor is doing is particularly impactful. I think it's the industry and it's the economy and it's all the other kind of competitive choices that people have.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And just to add just one other comment to it Felicia. Our commentary around 2020 whether it's on volume rate and obviously we feel very good about that. You could apply that commentary to every one of our core markets. You can apply that commentary to our core products. So as we just said I mean it's tough to comment specifically on your question. But when you bring out things like Europe you bring out things like the Caribbean whether it's from -- on a sourcing basis or on a product basis. The strength and the acceleration that we hear in the demand environment really kind of applies to all of our core products and core markets.
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
Okay. I guess I was kind of more just getting to asking you a question if one of your competitors starts putting more attractive prices in a particular market is price the only deciding factor that they use to take a cruise?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Felicia. I mean we're kind of used to this this is an ongoing kind of normal operating environment. We see at times different brands or products either discounting for multiple reasons. And I think there's a certain amount of value seekers who will go after a lower price. But there's probably 80% of customers seeking a specific product and we found they're willing to pay a higher price for the kind of experience and the almost guarantee of the satisfaction for them and their families. So there is a difference between the brands and the products in the marketplace. And I think for informed and educated customers they realize that. So it's true that sometimes lower pricing can be temporarily disruptive but it passes fairly quickly. And I think our long relationship with the travel partners is also something that's the strength of Royal Caribbean. They know our brands extremely well and they know how to position the brands toward the right customers. And we feel we have a certain degree of confidence in terms of the quality of our brands and products in the marketplace. So it's problematic at times but it's something that we deal with quite frequently.
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
And I'm assuming that your price integrity strategy that you've implemented several years ago would stay intact anyway? Correct?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Absolutely. Yes.
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
Yes that's been -- thank you for that Felicia because it's been an important factor. I think it is also something that distinguishes the cruise industry. Every company some quarters do better some quarters do worse. But the fact that the industry has resisted the temptation to marginalize itself coming back to Michael's point we have our brands and the brands stand on their own. And we don't see the current situation is anything other than the same kind of thing we've done over time. And yes the price integrity strategy has been helpful. And it's made the travel agent and the consumer both feel more confident about what they're doing when they buy their cruise.
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
And Jason just a quick housekeeping. So you said there was a slight impact from Dorian in your third quarter results. I was just wondering if you could quantify that? And then what the like-for-like yields were in the third quarter and for the full year?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes sure. So on a like-for-like basis our yields were up about 30 basis points for the third quarter. So one there was a little bit of rounding but the hurricane was a little bit over 10 basis points. Thomas Cook I said it was about 15 basis points. And then there were a few other little things there that impacted us in the quarter on the top line side. But on a like-for-like basis our yields were up over 30 basis points.
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
Okay. And then -- OK and then we can figure out how with respect to the full year. Okay.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
You got it.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Harry Curtis with Instinet.
Harry Croyle Curtis -- Instinet -- Analyst
I've got a quick question on cost and then one on yield. The cost question relates to vessel modernization. And if you could give us a sense of what inning you're in on the ship refurbishment process and specifically if it's further down the road how many fewer drydock days might you have in 2020?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes. So I'll start off with the easier question which is 2020. On the drydock days side we expect to have similar number of dry docks next year though the timing of those dry docks are a little bit different depending on the yard availability. In terms of on the modernization side we continue to find opportunities to modernize our ships in ways in which we see our guests paying higher yields for ability to add more onboard revenue venues more state rooms which is further improving our overall return profile. So I would expect that we will continue at least for the next several years investing in modernizing our ships to the point where it's -- to make sure the ships are relevant to the current and future guests as well as making sure that we have as many activities for them to do that they're certainly willing to pay for and having more and more onboard revenue venues for them to be able to experience and spend money on.
Harry Croyle Curtis -- Instinet -- Analyst
Very good. And then the revenue related one it's really kind of a cyclical question. Back in 2019 the gross yields were down 14% in a rough economy. And you've probably done some modeling should we go into kind of a garden variety slow down. And so my question is how will you manage differently? How are you positioned as we go into 2020 or 2021 that would make your at least top line somewhat less vulnerable?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. Great question Harry. So I think there's a lot of elements to this which derisks us relative to the position we were in '08 and '09. First off we're a much more globally diverse business sourcing little bit less than half of our guests are from outside of the U.S. and having that sales and marketing platform globally to be able to shift the sourcing around depending on the demand trends that we're seeing. We're also a much more diverse set of brands and our brands really lead in their different segments. And so we're able to manage our inventory and so forth based on a different kind of platform of brands than we had before. And then I would also lead into -- there's lots of consumer and demographic trends that support our business that are very much in the underlying support for cruising. And so I think a combination of all those different things puts us in a much better posture. And then of course you consider a stronger balance sheet allows us to be better prepared at some point when there is a change in that business cycle. Of course you picked an extreme situation which is the '08 '09 period of time but we feel the broader business. Our business model has been positioned well to be able to ride through bumps in the night.
Harry Croyle Curtis -- Instinet -- Analyst
Very helpful. Thanks.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Greg Badishkanian with Citi.
Frederick Charles Wightman -- Citigroup Inc Research Division -- Analyst
It's actually Fred Wightman on for Greg. You've mentioned a few times the strong results in China wondering if you could just talk about that market overall. I mean it looks like industry capacity there is going to return to growth after a few years of declines. Are you concerned in any way shape or form about what that might mean for yields or promo activity going forward?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
It's Michael. We've been on our journey in China for sure. We've been 10 years in the market. And we've been quite thoughtful about the development of the distribution channels. We all have a confidence that there's a market there. We've done a lot of work and we made a lot of progress and we're feeling quite comfortable with the progress that we made with the distribution. We more recently a couple of weeks ago announced in Shanghai that Oasis 5 would be going into Shanghai in 2021. And Spectrum entered the China market this year and we've been very pleased with the results from Spectrum of the Seas. So I think it is a -- there is a big opportunity. Sometimes supply and demand gets a little bit out of whack as we've seen in the past. But we really feel as if we've stuck the course and treated it like a marathon and we've built the distribution. We built the brand and we feel as if we've got a good relationship with our travel partners and customers. And so we're feeling comfortable and relatively confident with our China strategy.
Frederick Charles Wightman -- Citigroup Inc Research Division -- Analyst
Perfect. That's helpful. And then in Richard's prepared remarks I think he mentioned that over half of the hurricane impact was offset with improved trends in other areas. So was that $0.15 number that you guys cited is that a gross number or is that net of what you are able to offset?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
That $0.15 is a gross number. And so if you just look at our earnings for the year we had guided before to a midpoint of $9.60. We're guiding to a midpoint of $9.52 and so that $0.15 impact hit us and the strength in our business has helped us offset half of that.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Jaime Katz with Morningstar.
Jaime M. Katz -- Morningstar Inc -- Analyst
You guys have discussed the vessel modification program on the cost side. But I'm wondering if there's a way to quantify the lift that you get when those ships return to the fleet just so we can better think about the ROI that those ships are getting?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
I think the way that I would look at it is we wake up every day trying to improve our double-digit ROIC number. And so clearly we would be looking to make investments that help pull up that ROIC number over time. We don't have an internal target per se or certainly an internal -- a public target. But we certainly take on investments that will move that mid or north not -- we certainly wouldn't look for an investment that would be dragging on to that ROIC investment. And by the way what we have typically seen in our modernization work is that the investments that we make do better much better than we had expected them to do as they come online.
Jaime M. Katz -- Morningstar Inc -- Analyst
Okay. And then on an economic sort of global economic environment thought process are you guys thinking about shifting your sourcing in any meaningful way next year that you'd care to share with us?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
It's Michael. I mean we're always monitoring currency and macroeconomic conditions. We have a pretty disciplined process in place as it relates to utilizing what we think is a significant global sales and marketing infrastructure. So we literally are moving our sourcing targets obviously on an annual basis but on a quarterly and monthly basis to our different teams and groups in different markets based upon currency and demand and other factors that may influence the market. So I think we're very focused on this. I would say one of the key drivers of change is typically currency. And when currency is obviously going in the wrong direction and we're fundamentally a U.S. dollar company then of course that will shift to sourcing around. I mean we're fortunate that the American market has been as strong as it's been and the demand out of the American market is very good for us. But we're always we're in the kind of a constant state of monitoring sourcing targets and achievements and currency and all of these different factors.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of James Hardiman with Wedbush.
James Lloyd Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities Inc -- Analyst
So another quarter obviously another and a growing list of headwinds that you had to overcome this year. So my question is as I think about 2020 and sort of what we should be adding back for lack of a better word. Obviously $0.15 from the hurricane I think it was $0.25 from the Grand Bahamas shipyard. Maybe $0.20 from Cuba. So I get to about $0.60. I guess first is that a good math? But then secondly it seems like most of that is on the net cruise cost side. And that you could potentially have a really good year on that line in 2020. But then there was some commentary in the prepared remarks about increased mix of Celebrity and Silversea does that potentially undo some of the benefits that you might get next year?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Okay. Well there are certainly things that are clearly kind of more onetime-ish which is the Grand Bahama incidents where we had to take Oasis effectively out of operations for about a month. The Cuba thing a lot of that is -- we'll see how that kind of sorts out over time. We have been able to move our ships around to very attractive itineraries that -- now that we have a proper period of time to sell and market those cruises we do expect to recover a lot of it. The question will be will we recover all of that impact that's associated with that. The one thing I would say on the hurricane side we experienced -- there's always hurricanes that we experience in most years. This one was much more difficult because of how long it was out there for and the ports that it -- the turnaround ports that it impacted. My comments around Celebrity and Silversea and the mix is kind of twofold one of which is obviously the operating costs of those ships are higher as they are more of a premium product and certainly Silversea is a ultra-luxury product our an exhibition product which has a higher operating cost. But I was really more pointing to the depreciation side and those ships have a higher cost per berth. And so just taking the -- an average appreciation rate may not be the way to model that going forward?
James Lloyd Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities Inc -- Analyst
Okay that's helpful. And then secondly for me sort of on the use of capital side didn't see any buyback in the quarter? I think you talked about being opportunistic in the back half of the year. Obviously as we talked about in previous question the capex guidance is up for next year. I guess I'm just trying to figure out is it more when than if the share repurchase will resume? Or is that taken somewhat of a backseat? And then on the interest side maybe how to think about interest in 2020. There's a refinancing opportunity with some of the Silversea that maybe some updated thoughts there?
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. So on the buyback side at the end of the third quarter we were in a position where we are in a more comfortable debt-to-EBITDA range. And of course we're making sure that we continue to behave like an investment-grade credit and stay within our bookends on a leverage standpoint is very important to us. And so now that we've kind of reached that position we will -- we have about $700 million left on our buyback program and that is some -- certainly something that will be in our consideration going forward. But as we stated before we will be doing that on an opportunistic standpoint. On the interest side the kind of core action that you pointed to which will reduce our interest expense going forward. If we do it will be for us to take out the Silversea bond and the first time that's really available to do is in the first quarter of next year.
James Lloyd Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities Inc -- Analyst
Got it. Thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Tim Conder with Wells Fargo Securities.
Timothy Andrew Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Just wanted to follow-up a little bit on the China distribution development. Can you talk about a little bit how you -- the mix is of charter versus let's call it traditional travel agents versus direct kind of where you are exiting this year versus maybe where you were three years ago? And then the second question is just Jason maybe cadence of what you're seeing in the U.K. and Germany from those sourced markets Germany in particular through your TUI joint venture. Just the cadence of how those bookings and pricings going within your overall context that you gave on 2020?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Tim kind of hesitant to give you percentages on the progress that we made with the distribution. I can tell you that if you look back a few years we were heavily dependent upon the charterers probably 80% 85% of our business was through the charterers. And we learnt a lot of lessons during that period and that really gave us the impetus to change the model. And we've made significant progress with that change. So if you look at our charter business now it's probably somewhere around 5% to 10% of that. And we really been pleased with the development of our direct business. It's grown at a significant rates. I mean direct in China and utilization of web etcis high. So we've been very pleased with the progress that we made. So the landscape of our distribution today versus a few years ago is remarkably different.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And Tim before answering your question I just wanted to make 1 clarifying point. When I was talking about the 30 basis point improvement in the third quarter what I was referring to was versus our guidance that our like-for-like was better by 30 basis points than we had expected to in the third quarter. Our like-for-like yield growth year-over-year about half of -- actually a little over half of that came from our like-for-like business doing better than we had expected. So I just wanted to clarify that the like-for-like growth was very healthy in the third quarter. And of course that excludes the Silversea port of Miami and Perfect Day. But our performance for the quarter was actually 30 basis points better than we had expected it to be from that business? On the Germany question certainly Germany has been a little bit more of a challenging market. I think fortunately for TUI cruises demand for that brand has done very well. There's been a little bit of pricing pressure. But overall they're going to -- their expectation is to continue to perform as expected on a bottom line standpoint. There might be a little bit of softness on the revenue side but it's very immaterial.
Timothy Andrew Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Great. Thank you, gentlemen.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Brandt Montour with JPMorgan.
Brandt Antoine Montour -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
So obviously strong 2020 commentary. I was hoping that maybe you could just dig in a little bit to the first half of 2020 in the Caribbean more on a qualitative basis looking at the market maybe in Cuba tonnage -- ex-Cuba tonnage versus the markets that aren't affected by that tonnage or potentially in the longer cruise market versus the short -- the short cruise market. Any differences along those lines will be helpful.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Well so just kind of focusing on the first half and your question on the Caribbean side. What we talked about on a rate and volume basis very much supports what we're seeing in the Caribbean. Q1 which I pointed to in my remarks has a little bit more headwind to it because of the bookings that relate to Azamara and to Silversea and those are higher yielding and those guests book much further out. So that will weigh a little bit on our Q1. But if you look at the first half of the year we expect the environment for the Caribbean to be very good which also is our point of view for the back half of 2020.
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
It's also worth pointing out that as Cuba dropped out Perfect Day came online and I think that was more than compensated for the drop out of Cuba.
Brandt Antoine Montour -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Got it helpful. And then on Vanuatu obviously an exciting announcement there. Just if anything else you guys can help us out with kind of thinking about that opportunity? Obviously it feels like it's fair to assume it's a smaller sort of absolute opportunity than CocoCay but maybe give us some context around when you expect it to potentially open? What's the total dollar investment and also sort of maybe what you think the daily or annual passenger capacity that eventually it could be able to handle that would all be -- anything could be helpful.
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So we're thinking late 2021 early '22 we will open Vanuatu. Obviously the collection of Perfect Day and the collection of Beach Club is very much connected to how we see growth in volume for the brand or brands as it relates to the itineraries it will take the ships to those destinations. So we have a five year and a 10-year view of the kind of volume that we'll take into Vanuatu based upon the development of the Australian market. And so the volume would be less than Perfect Day at CocoCay which I think is peak in a few years we'll get to close to 3 million people going there. The number for Vanuatu I think reaches close to 750000 800000 is currently in our plans. The investment number I don't think we started really talking about the investment number yet. We're still working through the details of that. But we thought through obviously quite carefully the kind of volume that we can take to these destinations. That's why we've really got 2 offerings Perfect Day and the Beach Club. Perfect Day is a lot of volume and Beach Club is significant volume but doesn't reach the same levels as a Perfect Day.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Dorothy we have time for one more question.
Operator
And your last question comes from the line of Sharon Zackfia with William Blair.
Sharon Zackfia -- William Blair & Company L.L.C. -- Analyst
I'll take pity on you and ask one question. I think one of the big differences today versus during the last recession is how much you bundle the onboard spending with the initial purchase? Or alternatively have the prebooking availability prior to the crews. I'm just curious given that that kind of used to be the canary in the coal mine of any kind of slowdown how much of your onboard spending now is kind of pre-booked before somebody even gets on the ship?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So we're really delighted with our pre-cruise revenue. And I think our level of sophistication with our marketing and the technology that we've got has really dramatically improved over the past several years certainly over the past decade. I can't even imagine what the number was a decade ago but the number today is significant. And we've got just so much better across this whole spectrum of opportunities. So we're pleased with the progress that we're making with pre-cruise and we -- I think we said before that the theory that's been proven out is that for every dollar you get in pre-cruise you'll get another $0.50 on board spend above a normal guests who just spends onboard. So it's very positive environment. We're excited that in 2020 we start bringing online new software. It'll improve even further our sophistication as it relates to pre-cruise revenue. So it's a good environment and I think we've made a lot of progress and we've reached this level of sophistication and we're improving all of the time. We've got new software coming. And so I think we feel quite comfortable with it.
Sharon Zackfia -- William Blair & Company L.L.C. -- Analyst
Is there a metric you'd share on how much is prebooked at this point?
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
No. I would say that every single year we're improving that metric significantly.
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And we do think Sharon that there will be significant growth in that number as the new technology roles in '20 and '21. Okay. Thank you for your assistance Dorothy with the call today and we thank all of you for your participation and interest in the company. Carola will be available for any follow-up calls or questions you might have and we wish you all a very good day. Take care.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 63 minutes
Call participants:
Jason T. Liberty -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Richard D. Fain -- Chairman and Chief Financial Officer
Michael W. Bayley -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Jared Shojaian -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst
Steven Moyer Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst
Robin Margaret Farley -- UBS Investment Bank Research Division -- Analyst
Robin Farley -- UBS -- Analyst
Felicia Hendrix -- Barclays -- Analyst
Harry Croyle Curtis -- Instinet -- Analyst
Frederick Charles Wightman -- Citigroup Inc Research Division -- Analyst
Jaime M. Katz -- Morningstar Inc -- Analyst
James Lloyd Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities Inc -- Analyst
Timothy Andrew Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Brandt Antoine Montour -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Sharon Zackfia -- William Blair & Company L.L.C. -- Analyst
