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Mednax Inc (MD 1.57%)
Q4Â 2019 Earnings Call
Feb 20, 2020, 9:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the MEDNAX Fourth Quarter 2019 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]
I'll turn the call now to Mr. Charles Lynch, Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Thank you and good morning everyone, welcome to our fourth quarter call. With me today is our CEO, Roger Medel and our CFO, Stephen Farber. I'll quickly read our disclaimer and then we'll move to the call.
Certain statements and information during this conference call may be deemed to be forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are based on assumptions and assessments made by MEDNAX's management in light of their experience and assessment of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments, and other factors they believe to be appropriate. Any forward-looking statements made during this call are made as of today and MEDNAX undertakes no duty to update or revise any such statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Important factors that could cause actual results, developments and business decisions to differ materially from forward-looking statements are described in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q including the sections entitled Risk Factors.
In today's remarks by management, we will be discussing non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP measures can be found in this morning's earnings press release, our annual report on Form 10-K and in the Investors section of our website located at mednax.com.
With that, I'll turn the call over to Roger.
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Charlie. Good morning and thanks for joining our call. Our operating results for the fourth quarter and full year 2019 were in line with our expectations. 2019 was a year of significant organizational change, leadership restructuring, and broad spectrum transformational activity. We expect in 2020 to continue our full throttle efforts to improve and have provided a preliminary financial outlook for the year.
There is a lot I'd like to cover today, but I will start by discussing the payor matter that we announced alongside our earnings this morning. As we stated in our press release, we've been notified by UnitedHealthcare that they have unilaterally and with no prior notice terminated all of the contracts of our affiliated practices across four states covering all of the services our physicians provide in those states, including anesthesia, neonatology and maternal-fetal medicine. In doing so, United is eliminating many critical healthcare services from its networks in those states, which in a number of instances include the only physicians providing anesthesia coverage, neonatology or high-risk obstetrics in urban and rural geographic areas. These surprise terminations were not for contracts that were under negotiations. They were unilateral, without warning, and unprecedented.
We have been told that the only avenue for negotiation would be to accept a 50% reduction in the rates our practices are paid for their services. This is neither an approach nor an outcome of course that we will accept. And I sincerely doubt that our patients or their parents think that the work that we do is worth $0.50 on the $1.
We have also heard that we're not alone in receiving these notices and that several large anesthesia groups and other physician organizations have also recently received terminations with demands for 50% rate reduction. In fact the American Society of Anesthesiologists recently conducted a survey of its members and found that more than 60% of respondents have had their contracts terminated over the last six months. Of those, four out of five were terminated by United.
We are concerned that this type of broad scale reimbursement disruption may put hospital and ambulatory surgical operations at risk, as well as access to care for many patients. We are especially concerned how these actions may interfere with the ongoing discussions in Washington surrounding surprise billing. The overarching goal of that proposed legislation is to encourage payors and providers to work together in order to make sure that patients receive coverage for their healthcare services from the insurance companies that they or their employers buy it from and rely upon.
As we have repeatedly discussed, our internal policy and orientation has always been to be in-network. As a result, our total out-of-network revenues have historically been very low as you are all aware. The steps that United has taken fly in the face of both our efforts and those of Congress and if these terminations are made effective, we will have significant increases in out-of-network patients. We would be left with no choice, but to notify our patients who have United coverage that they will be out-of-network and billed directly for the services our physicians provide. This is a terrible and unfair outcome. The last thing that a mother needs to hear when her baby is in the NICU is that her insurance company doesn't cover that care because they kicked the doctors out-of-network.
I have reached out directly to the CEO of UnitedHealth and of course we hope to resolve this matter in a way that is acceptable to all parties, but absent that, you should be aware that against our will our out-of-network revenue will rise this year, that our collectible revenue will decrease, that United patients, including high-risk mothers, parents of premature babies, and the acutely sick children will be billed directly for their care and that our administrative cost of processing those bills and the time and stress for patients receiving and resolving these bills will increase meaningfully. This is precisely the opposite outcome of what we, our affiliated physicians, our hospital partners, and especially our patients, would want or expect from their insurance companies. It makes a mockery of the work legislators have been doing to prevent surprise billing. The surprise here is coming from the insurance company.
Our goal this morning is to be as transparent and possible -- as possible about this matter. So I'm going to have Steve provide some additional thoughts after which we'll have a more thorough discussion of our results, our outlook and our ongoing focus for the future of our medical groups. With that, I'll turn the call over to Steve.
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Roger. Good morning and thanks for joining our call. We have a lot to cover today, so I'll keep my comments brief, beginning with the United matter. The specific contract that United terminated represents $70 million to $80 million of annual net revenue, more than half of the terminated revenue relates to anesthesiology, with the remainder impacting neonatology and maternal-fetal medicine services.
In terms of timing, we're scheduled to be kicked out-of-network in batches over the next several months, with the first occurring on March 1st. These terminations represent about 2% of our total 2019 annual revenue, our total annual United revenue is about $350 million to $400 million or roughly 10% to 12% of our total 2019 revenue. Overall, about half of that total business with United is for neonatology and other women's and children's services. These terminations, if they occur, will have deferring impacts on revenue and EBITDA.
In some cases the impact may flow through dollars for dollar. In other cases, the impact may be partially offset by a range of items, including the financial dynamics and structure of individual practices, in many cases these terminations will reduce the compensation of highly specialized physicians who are scarce and clinicians that directly care for patients. Let me reiterate now. As we noted in our earnings release this morning, our financial guidance for 2020 does not include any estimated impact from these terminations. We expect impact, but right now it cannot be estimated. With that said, I'll turn to our fourth quarter results.
As Roger mentioned, our adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EPS for the fourth quarter were in line with our expectation. Our topline performance was also in line with our expectations. Same unit growth was 2.3% with one point of this growth, volume driven. And with the strongest growth in neonatology. Within neonatology NICU days grew by 1.7%, reflecting an effectively flat birth on an average at the roughly 400 hospitals where we manage the NICU. And slight increases in both rate of admission and length of stay. The remainder of our same unit growth was a net pricing increase of 1.3%. As we've discussed, while this level is generally in line with the pricing trend we've seen over the past couple of years, it is significantly less than the growth in our clinical cost and is at risk of further dislocation by the United terminations.
Specifically in the quarter, our practice salary, wages, and benefits costs grew 2.8%, roughly 1 percentage point faster than our reported unit revenue. Please note, however, that this understates the increase. If you recall, the 2018 fourth quarter included roughly $8 million in labor costs for physician at the North Carolina practice we were winding down, which costs did not recur in 2019. Adjusting for this, the comparable increase in practice salaries, wages and benefits quarter-over-quarter was roughly 4%. I also want to highlight, as we discussed last quarter that med mal, legal and other insurance costs, increased roughly $13 million year-over-year during the quarter, about a 11 of which is reported within our salaries, wages and benefit line.
In terms of our non-clinical expense, our combined G&A, supply and other operating expenses declined roughly $3 million in the fourth quarter compared to 2018. With a roughly $9 million reduction in G&A, G&A is partially offset by increases in other operating expense. On the G&A side, this reduction primarily reflected physician elimination. The offset were related primarily to earn out activity in both the current and prior year quarters.
Last, we recorded $44 million in transformational and restructuring expenses in the quarter. The majority of this investment related directly to our enterprise replatforming of our core systems and process reengineering, roughly $8 million was severance and termination cost, and another $3 million or so related to lease buyouts as we consolidate office space around the country. Overall, we reported adjusted EBITDA of $132 million in the upper half of our guidance range and slightly above consensus.
For those of you maintaining models on the company, keep in mind that after adjusting for the Q4 2018 North Carolina salary expense, I just discussed, our Q4 2019 adjusted EBITDA declined roughly $6 million. In terms of margins, our adjusted EBITDA margin for the fourth quarter was 14.6%. After adjusting for the North Carolina salary expense, the decline was roughly 1 percentage point.
Moving now to the full year 2019. Our adjusted EBITDA was $501 million with a margin of 14.3%. After adjusting the prior year for the North Carolina contracts, our full year 2019 adjusted EBITDA margin declined roughly 140 basis points. This is consistent with our comments on the third quarter call and in a few minutes I'll touch on how this plays into our forecasting for 2020.
Our operating cash flow for 2019 was strong, adjusting for cash transformation and restructuring costs of -- adjusting for cash transformation and restructuring costs of $69 million over the year, our adjusted operating cash flow was roughly $400 million, two items in particular benefited this result, first, our revenue cycle transformation efforts reduce DSOs by about 2 days, adding $15 million to $20 million to cash flow. Second, our cash taxes in Q4 were reduced by about $12 million from the sale of MedData. It is important to note that in 2020 we anticipate significant additional one-time cash tax benefits of roughly $80 million. Our capex for continuing operations in 2019 was $32 million, we expect a similar level in 2020. These amounts are down from a historical level of roughly $50 million driven down by the sale of MedData.
In terms of capital structure, we ended the year with zero borrowings on our $1.2 billion revolver, no debt due until 2023 and $112 million cash on the balance sheet. Our leverage at year end was 3.3 times net debt to adjusted EBITDA. Given the United matter, both on its own and combined with this potential intersection with pending surprise billing legislation, you should expect us to maintain our focus on a conservative leverage posture. If more patients moved out-of-network status, you should expect our time to collect and cost to collect to increase. For 2020, we plan to focus our cash resources on completing our transformation program. Although, I'll note that our budget also includes an estimated $50 million of tuck-in acquisition spend.
We've spoken at length over the past several quarters about our transformation and restructuring plan, at this point, the diagnostic and preparatory work is largely done. We are in full execution and implementation mode and we expect to end 2020 roughly three-quarters complete and plan to finish the restructuring in mid-2021. For 2020 we expect investment in third-party resources to be roughly $100 million, the majority of this investment is for the comprehensive systems replatforming across the organization to create efficiencies and greater effectiveness and our support functions to variablize our non-clinical cost structure and to enhance our scalability. We expect our 2021 investment to be roughly half of the 2020 level. And as I said, we expect to be done in mid 2021. It is important to note that the majority of these expenditures are tax deductible as incurred. So, the after-tax cost of these investments, is roughly $80 million to $90 million in the year. In total, over the aggregate 2019 to 2021 period, we are investing roughly half a year of cash flow in these third-party resources.
With that said, I want to turn to our guidance for the first quarter and our preliminary outlook for 2020. For both the quarter and the year our outlook of adjusted EBITDA brackets current consensus. We expect Q1 adjusted EBITDA to be between $90 million and $100 million with a midpoint of $95 million. This outlook is based on expected same unit revenue growth of 2% to 4%, which is consistent with our same-unit results for the fourth quarter, but also contemplates the extra day we'll have in Q1 given the leap year.
On the cost side, our outlook also contemplates a continuation of the broad trends we've seen in the recent past. In particular, the challenging unit cost growth and unit revenue growth mismatch and the elevated medical malpractice, legal and insurance expense we discussed last quarter. For full year 2020, our preliminary adjusted EBITDA outlook is $470 million at the midpoint, which we have historically bracketed in a range of plus or minus $20 million. While we generally don't guide to a revenue range, we have been engaging in aggressive portfolio management, particularly in anesthesia. In the last six weeks, we have exited two anesthesia practices, which with roughly $60 million of revenue and breakeven EBITDA. We expect additional portfolio activity and it will likely partially offset our normal level of revenue growth.
For those of you maintaining models of the Company, we would suggest contemplating revenue in the range of $3.5 billion to $3.6 billion. As I noted, our overall adjusted EBITDA margin in 2019 was down roughly 140 basis points year-over-year on an apples-to-apples basis. As we discussed on our last earnings call for 2020, we do anticipate less margin compression than in 2019. Looking forward, our goal is to stabilize our margin in 2021 as our transformation becomes complete and from there, return to growth. Before I turn it back to Roger, one last comment. Please remember that this financial outlook does not include any potential impact from the United matter.
With that, I'll turn it back to Roger.
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Stephen. We have talked for several quarters now about the transformational activity that we have under way. But today I'd like to spend some time to pull all of this in context, particularly related to the organizational changes that we have also undertaken. Over the last 40 years we've had tremendous success in our growth, attracted more physicians to join us, and created a true national medical group that is committed to our original mission, which is to take great care of our patients. Throughout this Company's history, we've taken it upon ourselves to invest continually in the pursuit of that mission. As one of the leading medical groups in the country, it's become our responsibility to help set the standards of care for our patients.
Through the support of physicians across all of our medical groups, our organization has distinguished itself as a leading innovator. Innovations such as our 100,000 Babies Campaign for neonatology, leadership in the development of treatment for babies born with neonatal abstinence syndrome, quality and safety programs in the operating room, simulation programs, and enhanced recovery after surgery, sub-specialty training for advanced radiological interpretations, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in radiology. MEDNAX is a leading innovator in all of these efforts and I am tremendously proud of the success we've had in caring for our patient.
In recent quarters, we take -- we've taken decisive action to address the challenges and headwinds in our business and position our Company for success. Although changes in our patient population in reimbursement and in the cost of providing care remain challenging, we are better equipped to face them today. I want to emphasize that as we entered 2020, we are now organized very differently than we were just a couple of years ago. In 2018 we took a deep look at the strategic opportunities available to our Company in order to decide what businesses we should be in and even whether we should remain a public company. Indeed we did explore whether we might go private and we talked to a large number of potential partners. None of our discussions during that process resulted in a proposed transaction, but the process itself was educational. Most importantly, we learnt what we needed to do to improve our Company and much of the actions you have seen from us since are the results.
Following our decision to divest MedData, we are now an organization wholly dedicated to physician services and patient care. The organizational and leadership changes we have made reflect that focus. We no longer have a Corporate President or Chief Operating Officer, instead our Medical Groups stand on their own with a dedicated Presidents who report to me.
While radiology has largely operated as its own group since we formed it, the separation of American Anesthesiology and Pediatrix and Obstetrix with a significant undertaken, spearheaded by our new Group President, Dr. Kathy Grichnik and Dr. Mack Hinson. Throughout the second half of 2019 Doctors Grichnik and Hinson built dedicated operating support national, regional and local for their organizations, and along with Matt Devine, our President of MEDNAX Radiology, they entered this year in full-motion with their operating plans. Just as importantly, each Medical Group fully utilized as a die add structure with physician and business leaders working together to execute on our operating plans up and down our organizational infrastructures.
We have a Chief Financial Officer with extensive experience and relationships to drive transformational and restructuring change, which Stephen has already outlined and which is well under way. We have new leadership within our managed care functions and we are in the process of identifying a new Chief Information Officer. We also have a new Chief Growth and Strategy Officer, charge with investing in the growth of our medical groups. And we have world-class consulting partners working alongside us to transform our organization and position us for adaptability, scalability growth and future success.
We are entering 2020 with a clear vision and the eminent capability to succeed in each of our medical groups and to succeed as MEDNAX. I also believe that based on our plans and operational forecasts, we have a pathway to stabilizing our EBITDA over the coming year and to setting the stage for growth beyond that. Looking specifically at our three medical groups, we continue to be very excited about radiology. In 2019, our radiology organization generated roughly $0.5 billion in revenue, up 9% from the prior year with almost half of that growth coming organically.
Following the acquisition of Boca Radiology Group, our organization comprises over 800 radiologists who interpret more than 12 million studies annually, both on-site and remotely through teleradiology. With our on-the-ground practices providing services in 15 states, combined with vRad's customer base, we provide radiology coverage across the country. We have also invested in some powerful innovations via both our practices in vRad. It has always been our belief that combining industry-leading clinical practices and industry-leading technology would provide great opportunities for our radiology organization and we're now seeing this come to reality.
During 2019 we invested in the installation of a common imaging platform for one of our foundational practices. This means that the physicians at this practice rather than reading from multiple PACS systems at different facilities can now interpret their entire volume of studies via a single workstation and a single cube, all linked directly to the hospitals that are submitting those studies to our radiologists for interpretation. This was a key initiative for this practice and we believe we are in a unique position to move forward based on the underlying IT and systems capabilities we bring to the table via vRad. We're excited about the growth opportunities for MEDNAX Radiology as we scale investments like these across the organization.
Turning to American Anesthesiology, as we have discussed in the past, financial results in this medical group have been negatively impacted by a combination of constraints to revenue growth and historically high clinical labor cost inflation. Unit labor cost inflation is a significant challenge across our organization, but it is particularly outsized in anesthesiology. The simple fact is there are not enough anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists to meet that demand, yet reimbursement rates are insufficient to address this mismatch. This is by no means unique to MEDNAX and our focus remains on aligning our topline and cost spreads. To that end, we've taken steps around compensation structure changes, data and analytics improvements, changes in our operations support, and augmentation of that support through our consulting partners.
As we undertake practice contract renewals, we remain focused on shifting our practices to a revenue share model similar to what we have in radiology. We believe this structure encourages the practice of leadership to focus on both the initial productivity and growth of the practice. We have been encouraged by the performance of some of our first practices to renew under this structure. In particular, we have seen measurable improvements in clinician productivity and a greater level of engagement by practice leadership, including with the hospitals where they are providing services.
As of the end of 2019, we had successfully completed contract renewals for practices that make up roughly a third of our anesthesia revenue and we have a goal of moving that percentage to one-half by the end of 2020. We believe that this alignment of incentives within our practices is the right way to go and a vital component of our operating plan. We have also undertaken and will continue to contemplate an aggressive approach to portfolio management. From a peak of 47 anesthesia groups, our organization now comprises 41 affording us additional operational bandwidth that we can redeploy to support our remaining sustainable markets and practices.
All that said, the business environment in this specialty remains one of persistent case volume growth, but with scarce clinical resources and a difficult environment to increase prices. As a result, we do anticipate additional compression of EBITDA in 2020. However, we believe that we have a demonstrable path toward a stabilized EBITDA profile for our anesthesia organization as we exit this year and look to 2021. Moreover, we had outreached from several of our hospital partners, asking us if our existing practices might consider covering more of their facilities in instances where the hospital is dissatisfied with their current anesthesia group. I believe that the investments that we have made have put us in an advantageous position to pursue some of these organic growth opportunities.
Finally, we are looking at Pediatrix and Obstetrix with fresh eyes. As you know, this is a large highly diversified organization comprising well over 3,000 clinicians across more than 15 specialties and providing critical health services across the country. Each year we touched the lives of a quarter of all of the babies born in the United States and many thousands more pregnant women and children with complex healthcare needs. This is also a very resilient organization. Operating results within Pediatrix and Obstetrix have remained very stable despite the challenges presented by soft birth trends and in some areas, the same elevated clinical wage inflation trends that we have seen elsewhere.
Following our organizational realignment in 2019, we entered 2020 with the leadership and support structure wholly dedicated to Pediatrix and Obstetrix. We developed distinct plans to address any cost challenges we may face to continue to expand our footprint and to execute on innovative strategies for each of our service lines. With all of our national, regional and local operating structures finalized, we're seeing a wealth of new ideas to put into place, more refined data capabilities and dashboards, more specific people resources for certain markets or specialties and shared services functions increasingly tailored to the specialties they support. We're expanding the die add structure that I mentioned earlier, into each of our individual service lines. Under this structure we can identify specific business steps to take, as well as specific growth plans for each specialty.
Across Pediatrix and Obstetrix, the most common theme that we're seeing is the opportunity for growth. Indeed, we are seeing an increasing number of opportunities to win new business. Beyond our normal and expected acquisition activity, we're getting more calls from hospitals who want to talk to us about the contract to provide neonatology services and we're doing just that, and a number of new NICUs just in the first couple of months of this year.
As a result of our investments to expand our coordinated sales and marketing efforts using data driven methods, we have positioned ourselves to be the provider of choice for these hospitals, and as a result, our new sales pipeline has increased measurably. Our Pediatrix and Obstetrix business will always be impacted by the broader trends in births in the United States, but with dedicated leadership and operations support, the opportunities for generationally driven acquisitions and the expansion of our sales organization, I believe we can become less reliant on these broader trends and generate accelerated growth.
Finally, as has always been the case across all of our medical groups, in Pediatrix and Obstetrix our highest priority remains to take great care of our patients. We take care of more sick and premature babies than any other organization in the world. This morning we have over 5,000 sick and premature newborns under care. Babies who were born last night, mothers went into early labor unexpectedly and we are taking care of them. And just this week we are hosting the country's largest Neonatology Conference, as well as our own Board review for neonatology, which includes more than 700 combined physician attendees.
Over the decades we have spent tens, if not hundreds of millions of dollars investing in clinical research, education, quality and patient safety, developing the tools and protocols to improve care across a collaborative network of thousands of physicians. We developed our own electronic medical record for neonatology in the '90s. We have the world's largest neonatology clinical base with over 27 million patient days and still growing. We've published more articles in neonatology in peer reviewed journals than anyone else. Our 100,000 Babies Campaign which began almost 20 years ago, actually ended up including more than 400,000 babies and we have put that investment into action in team teamwork with our hospital partners, their nursing staff and our peer clinicians.
With that in mind, it was a tremendous honor to have our clinicians who manage the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Saint Luke's Hospital in Kansas City recognized in the State of the Union address a couple of weeks ago for caring for in 21 week premature baby who was in the audience with her mother. I want to do the same today and recognize Dr. Barbara Carr, the Medical Director of that practice and her team for the incredible work they did to make that story come true. As a neonatologist, I know personally what kind of team it takes for this type of success. What we saw at the State of the Union and the news is truly just the tip of the iceberg. It's not just the neonatologist, it's the team of nurse practitioners, it's the nursing staff at the hospital, the obstetrician, the hospital administration, it's the investment in equipment and capabilities in the NICU, and it's decades of investments in clinical research, education and quality done at MEDNAX.
We will continue to invest to benefit our patients, our physicians, our partners and our shareholders for decades to come. I am confident that we have the plans in place across our medical groups, as well as for our shared services functions to address the challenges in our business and deliver value to our shareholders and our stakeholders. We've covered a lot of ground in our discussion today. So before we go to questions, I want to leave you with five key points to take away from our call.
First, the challenges we have faced and continue to face in our business are not unique to MEDNAX, but we do believe we are in a unique position to manage against them and to succeed. Second, we have made significant progress in addressing what we can control. I have tremendous confidence in our team, and in our plans and I do believe we will continue to build on this progress through 2020 and beyond. Third, we are at the most active period of our transformation and we expect to get it largely done and behind us by mid 2024. The United matter is of meaningful concern to us and to our patients, as we have discussed. We would prefer a sensible solution, but we'll have to wait and see how things play out. And fifth, we have been and will always be first and foremost a physician organization. Our physician-centric leadership structure, our investments in advancing clinical care and our commitment to taking great care of our patients remain our first priority. Alongside all of these takeaways, I commit to you that you should expect a lot from us over the coming couple of years. We'll certainly do it.
With that, operator, let's open up the call for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] And our first question is from the line of Ralph Giacobbe with Citi. Please go ahead.
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
Thanks, good morning. I guess what if anything can you infer or did United tell you about sort of the four states specifically, can you give us what those four states are? And then any other indication that this is just sort of phase one with more coming or anything along those lines?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Hey, Ralph. It's Stephen. Good morning. We've sort of said what we have to say on the United matter. So we aren't going to go beyond our prepared remarks. Do you mind telling me again the second part of your question?
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
Well, I was hoping you can give us the states and then any indication if it's just sort of phase one or if there is sort of more coming?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Okay. I've already answered that I guess.
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
Okay. Can you give us a sense of when you received the notification from them and whether or not negotiations are still ongoing at this point or is there sort of no negotiation at this point?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Rob, I'd love to be able to answer your questions, but you got to ask me ones that I can actually answer. We aren't going to make any more comments on the United matter really beyond what we've already said.
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
Okay. Maybe you can discuss negotiations with other payors I guess at this point, is it getting more difficult to come to agreements on rate and/or are the balance billing headline sort of being used against you in those discussions and greater threat, if you will, of more payor sort of willing to go out-of-network?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Look, we've had fairly good relationships across our payor universe over the course of time many of the services that we provide are highly specialized which I think does and in many cases for physicians where there are true supply problems, there are meaningful imbalances between the availability of physicians and care and patient's demand. So I think we over the course of time have perhaps in a slightly different position than some of the more -- the more commoditized elements of medicine. But we've always sought to have good relationships and I think that is evidenced by the fact that we have, well, well, less than 5% of all of our contracts across hundreds, probably thousands of contracts that are in-network. We have -- we historically have had very, very small amounts and usually only transitory amounts of out-of-network patients, that is our goal of the company and I think that does sort of reflect the state of our relationships with our payor universe.
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
Okay, alright. And then just one last one if I can. Can you talk about recourse you have, whether it's with United or anybody else, in the past perhaps there was some willingness to balance bill and Roger based on your commentary, it sounds like you may not -- have no alternative, but to do that, but there's obviously greater sensitivities around that with all the headlines. So if you did have to go out-of-network and a payor decides to sort of pay you less, not more, can you just help us, I mean, what is the current process you employ and just give us a sense of whether or not this could bubble and sort of cause DSOs rise and cash flow implications? Thanks.
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, hey, Ralph. So this, of course, as I said earlier was unexpected and unique, and so we're gathering what our solutions -- potential solutions are. I think the biggest problem here is, it's just a big mockery to what the government is trying to do. I mean, you have the House and the Senate trying to take away these surprise bills from -- from the patients and all of a sudden, these guys are kicking us out of contract -- out-of-network and terminating the contracts. I mean, again, these are not contracts that we were negotiating or anything else, in fact a lot of the contracts they have terminated has been in place for almost 20 years and so -- and they say that in their communications.
So, I think the first thing we're going to do of course is try to publicize what's going on and go talk to the legislators and make sure that if they do put a bill in place that is one that hopefully takes this situation into account. One thing as we said in the press release is that these terminations are not immediate, in fact, none of them have taken place yet and will continue throughout the end of the year. So there is a slow accumulation of these. So, I think we have a lot of opportunity, I've written, as I said, the CEO of United a letter, I want to make sure that he understands what's going on here. And so, so we await that response. And those are the things for right now. I know that there are others -- other physician companies that have taken more legal actions against them and that kind of stuff, but we haven't done any of that as of now.
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
Okay, thank you.
Operator
[Operator Instructions] And next we go to A.J. Rice with Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.
A.J. Rice -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Well, I just wanted to -- hello everybody, ask maybe about what's happening with the transformational and cost restructuring program, so you ran $44.3 million in Q4. I know that includes beyond just the third-party vendor. It sounds like that's sort of the peak level, but is it going to be stable at that level of spending as you progress through the rest of this year? And then I guess as part of all of this two, you're exiting these couple of practices where you were breakeven. Is that -- can you give us a sense of how many more of those types of situations exists in the portfolio where you might walk away from business as part of your repositioning?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Good morning A.J., it's Stephen. Thanks for -- thanks for the questions. So in terms of transformation, we are -- we are probably at our peak spend levels. Right now we have a massive, as you know, systems replatforming effort under way with -- within selling, global [Phonetic] and cloud, ERP worldwide [Phonetic] across our organization, with redoing our entire revenue cycle platform, which has -- as I'm pretty sure we've discussed before, we have in the 1,100 person revenue cycle platform that carries itself more than $100 million of annual cost. So there is a tremendous amount of systems work going on and that's all under way. So I would think the heaviest part of that spend really is over the next sort of three quarters, as the bulk of that -- of those efforts get in place, and then it should start to scale down, but I wouldn't really think of it is that, that $44 million number quite as much, it's probably something more like in the $25 million, $28 million pre quarter type range for those third-party investments, because some of those dollars as I noted were severance or at lease buyouts or we have a lot of ancillary efforts under way.
From a portfolio perspective, I think the best way that I can answer that question, you know Roger noted in his comments that over the last series of quarters we've gone some 47 to 41 anesthesia contracts or from 47 to 41 practices in the anesthesia. We continue to work on that portfolio and I think it's really hard to give an outlook other than that we do expect some additional activities within that portfolio. I mean it, in some cases, we have practices that are marginally profitable or at breakeven and we have been putting a lot of effort over the past several quarters in determining whether those, the performance of those practices can be improved or not. Once we reach a conclusion, that the answer is not, then we're going to do something about it. So, we made that more as a directional comment and sort of frame revenue because otherwise -- otherwise the revenue guidance that we laid out for 2020 would seem a bit soft, it's soft because we're eliminating revenue that carries no margin.
A.J. Rice -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay, alright, thanks.
Operator
Next we'll go to Chad Vanacore with Stifel. Please go ahead.
Seth Canetto -- Stifel Nicolaus & Company,Inc. -- Analyst
Hey, good morning. This is Seth Canetto on for Chad. I just had a question on the 2020 outlook, you guys had mentioned that the adjusted EBITDA was down 140 basis points on an apples-to-apples basis, and for 2020 we're forecasting less margin compression than in 2019, but, how should we think about that compression. Will it be like closer to 70 bps, closer to that midpoint or just can you give us any more thoughts about how you guys are thinking about that?
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Yeah. Hi, Seth, it's Charlie. Stephen gave you a couple of parameters to think about for 2020 at the top line and we did that early purposely to think about how you look at your models, so something that's comparable to slightly higher at the top line in 2022 what we reported in 2019 of $3.5 billion. And if you look at the midpoint of our adjusted EBITDA guidance range, I think you'd see something that is moderating from the 140 bps that we referenced for 2019 and the margin compression we saw there, and moving toward the -- the 100 bps range or something like that. But I think you can work out the math on that looking at our EBITDA guidance range versus that topline.
Seth Canetto -- Stifel Nicolaus & Company,Inc. -- Analyst
Okay, thanks. And then just a question on G&A spend. In the fourth quarter, you guys had talked about how it is a little bit better than expected from the true-up of the North Carolina business, but just given the cost initiatives there, what should we expect for that going forward throughout 2020 in terms of dollar amount?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, you know, we don't generally comment too much prospectively about -- about G&A as a line items to some extent because a lot of expenses through the restructuring are getting remapped, so we are pushing more out of the practices. So, in some cases, something that may have previously been G&A will migrate into COGS. In other cases, we have things moving in the other direction. We're also doing a lot of installations technology, which will have some substitution effect on some labor cost and we are working in general on many efforts for labor efficiency. So, I guess it's not a terribly satisfying answer to say we expect it to move around a bit, but we expect it to move around a bit as we -- as we worked through all these, all these transformation efforts. Alright, I'll stop there. Thanks for taking my questions.
Operator
Next we'll go to line of Rishi Parekh with Barclays. Please go ahead.
Rishi Parekh -- Barclays Capital -- Analyst
How are you doing? Thanks for taking my questions. I guess two questions, one, I appreciate that you are not giving us any information on the UNH contract. But in general, can you provide us what your average commercial and Medicare spread is for Anesthesiology, Radiology and Neonatology? And then in terms of the UNH contract, is that a regional contract or a national contract?
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Good morning. The first part of your question, I can't -- I can't answer, because I think I'd break much laws if I did. The second part of your question is, we have many, many contracts with United as we do with most of our payor. We generally don't have national contracts.
Rishi Parekh -- Barclays Capital -- Analyst
Okay. And then on the -- on the out-of-network payments, can you just maybe give us an idea how you get paid on those out-of-network, payments, is it less than, or more than your in-network, as you see today? And then what is your blues exposure?
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, I think we're going to keep our comments around -- around that too to what we discussed, Rishi, related to United and particularly related to out-of-network payments. So, there is just simply too much diversity of how those are administered, collected etc., to give a blanket comment. I would add two factors which is out there, one, one would be that, as we said before, we typically have had well under 5% of our total revenue in out-of-network because we -- it is not good for our patients or anybody else to be out-of-network. So we are fully supported and wish to have all of our patients being in-network. But when you go out-of-network, well, I can't speak to any individual contract. I will say, in general, going from in-network to out-of-network imposes a lot of inefficiency and a lot of extra costs and longer time periods to collect and that's on top of what's most important thing, which is a lot of stress and burden on our patients.
Think about it this way. Typically, when we are in-network with most of our payors we can electronically adjudicate the majority of our clients. Out-of-network clients, particularly because we have so few of them require a high degree, if not complete annual -- manual handling. In many cases payors and we have had -- we had some experience with this and we have heard from others as well that if you get kicked out-of-network that some payors including United will cut off our access to their systems and will require our people to literally pickup the telephone and call them two status and accounts or to find out what co-pays are required. I don't want to go too into the weeds, but it is essentially in effort to encourage us to stay, and anyone to stay in-network, they impose lots and lots of speed bumps that makes -- that make adjudicating plans significantly more expensive, significantly slower and a significant burden upon the provider and in particular the patient. So, I just wanted to give you a little bit of color that consistent with the comments that I made before, getting kicked out-of-network creates a ton hardship for everybody.
Operator
Next we'll go to the line of Kevin Fischbeck with Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Please go ahead.
Kevin Fischbeck -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Great, thanks. I wanted to focus on the comments on kind of returning to growth in 2021. How much of that is kind of a view on the topline, reaccelerating versus a view that you're going to get a more balanced cost growth versus rate growth dynamic, and to the extent that it's the latter, what gives you confidence that the cost growth is going to no longer be the margin pressure once we get past 2020?
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Yeah. Kevin, it's Charlie. Let me frame that a little bit, because it's a multitude of factors that we're looking at, I would say that part of it, within our Medical Group reflects something that Roger talked about pretty emphatically surrounding Anesthesiology that we do believe we have a demonstrable path as we move through 2020 to go into and exit from this year with a stabilized EBITDA profile for that Medical Group. We also believe that there is a meaningful amount of growth opportunity still remaining in radiology and the trends have been very favorable for us in that business. And in Pediatrix with the investments that we've made, with the dedicated leadership, we do believe that there is an opportunity for an acceleration of growth, so a part of our view is looking at 2020 as a whole reflects to some of those inflection in trajectory.
And while we do envision some continued compression of EBITDA and margin this year, we do believe we have a high visibility of where that can go. And exiting 2020, we do think that trajectory can continue to change, with cost alignments to our topline in particular, and the acceleration of topline growth in Medical Groups where we're making concerted investments. So, I think that we kind of frame it as a view that we believe we're on a visible path for exiting this year with a stable dollar EBITDA profile, that is our goal and with the early stage investments and ongoing investments in growth of our Medical Groups, those can take greater and greater hold as we move out of 2020 and 2021. I hope that's helpful.
Kevin Fischbeck -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
I guess the question is, kind of just going to you guys maybe a resetting kind of the EBITDA base here, but it sounded a bit like in the prepared remarks that you guys were talking about kind of structural supply pressures that there is shortages of doctors in certain specialties, which is making it hard and that's putting upward pressure on labor. Even if you're able to reset this, you [Phonetic] had your confidence that that's just not going to say, OK, but now we'll see pressure again the following year off of these rebased numbers.
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Kevin, it's Stephen. Good morning. You know part of it, to add to Charlie's comments and to go direct to your follow-up. We are investing a tremendous amount of technology efforts to better manage all of our labor. The vast majority of our P&L is physician and clinician labor and we want to have those physicians and clinicians utilize their time as efficiently as they possibly can. So we are investing in, in a lot of things to help with that, which should help close that gap in terms of labor costs.
We also are making a ton of investments in trying to make our G&A and shared services more efficient and automate as many tests as we can. That should also help somewhat to close that gap, but the bottom line is, we also have to get paid for the services that we provide. And it is very difficult going on some period of time now with these sort of 1%, 1.5% type unit reimbursement growth in the face of the real world of providing highly specialized physicians and clinicians that take -- it takes a decade and a half to make a neonatologist. So the -- and demand at this point does outstrip supply, so that is at the end of the day the fundamental question, and I think we're taking a very broad and hard effort against it and our hope is that we managed to find a way to get closer to balanced and how we manage to drive both organic and M&A driven growth that took the balance toward -- toward upside as we get through the transformation and back into ordinary way operation. Okay, great. That's helpful, thanks.
Operator
Next question is from Whit Mayo with UBS. Please go ahead.
Whit Mayo -- UBS Securities -- Analyst
Thanks. Just one question from me. I think, Roger, in your prepared remarks you discussed prior conversations you've had with private equity sponsors, none of which seem to manifest into additional conversations were a bit. I'm just kind of curious what the timeframe is you're referencing, just any other thoughts you care to share would be helpful? Thanks.
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Whit, it's Charlie. That was in 2018, that Roger was referencing.
Whit Mayo -- UBS Securities -- Analyst
Okay, thanks.
Operator
And next we'll go to Gary Taylor with JPMorgan. Please go ahead.
Gary Taylor -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Hi, can you hear me.
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Hey, Gary. Yeah.
Gary Taylor -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Hey, good morning. I guess maybe following on Whit's question, I want to ask about Starboard and I certainly appreciate there's probably a lot of what we'd like to know that you can't answer, but maybe any help. I mean, I think last week they announced to increase their stake by a third, they made their alternative slate of directors public. So maybe the few of the questions I have is, is the annual meeting set for May? Do you have an ability to delay that if you wanted to, did Starboard have any confidentiality agreements? Do they have any access to non-public info that we don't have. And there also were headlines last week about possibly line of business sales being considered. So, I know investors have a lot of questions about all of that. So anything you could help us with there would be great?
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Well, excuse me, as you've already figured out, there just isn't much along those lines we're going to be able to talk about. Your questions sort of fall under a different -- a different type of questions and we're just not prepared to answer any of that stuff right now.
Gary Taylor -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
What about just the annual meeting, is that -- is that yet set and do you have the ability...
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
No, that hasn't been set. Yeah, that has not been set.
Gary Taylor -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
And is there -- is there a outside date on how far you could push that out, if you chose to?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Gary, Roger, as I think already answered what we're -- what we're able to...
Gary Taylor -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Okay, last one if I could just do one more, sorry just on United, I know we're trying to limit what we've said there. I know some states over the last few years have -- have implemented the laws and regulations that have really defined way what you have to get paid or what you're allowed to get paid on out-of-network, and then there's other states, as Steve as you mentioned, or there is no ray, there's a lot of diversity, it's more nebulous. Is there anything in these states that United has chosen to terminate that -- I guess, are these would potentially be the more nebulous state. So it puts you a little more at risk or, I wanted to ask a -- take a shot at it?
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Gary, we -- we are generally happy with most of the laws that each state has passed as far as being out-of-network, now most of that our stamps [Phonetic], because you remember, last time we had this conversation, I said I wasn't losing mostly over the out-of-networks not because we weren't out-of-network, but in those states where for whatever reason we may be out-of-network for a few days or whatever, we're not unhappy with the bills that have been passed, we find them to be mostly reasonable.
I think the problem most physicians are having is with the federal legislation that's being proposed and as you know, there is more than one bill that is being proposed at this point in time, probably some time to go before anything really becomes more official. But you know the lack of being able to negotiate etc. is what -- what most people are unhappy with. I wouldn't say there's anything, just to answer the question, I wouldn't say there is any special about any of these states. Thank you very much.
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
For those in the audience, we have gotten over our normal hour, but to be respectful we still have a few questions in the queue. And with your patience, we're happy to take those and try to move through them pretty quickly.
Operator
And next we'll go to Jason Plagman with Jefferies. Please go ahead.
Jason Plagman -- Jefferies & Company, Inc. -- Analyst
Hey, good morning. Just a question on the comment on variabilizing the clinician compensation model. I think you mentioned a target of 50% of the anesthesia practices making the switch by the end of 2020. Can you just add any color on the timing of contract renewals beyond -- in 2021 and beyond and the trajectory to get that eventually to 80% or 90% of anesthesia practices on a more variable compensation model?
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Yes, Jason, it's Charlie. Roger was correct that that's what we had in our sights related to the coming year. And moving beyond 2020, I think the best way for you to look at it is, we would probably have some ratable amounts over the next couple to three years beyond 2020 that we would also be interested in moving, so moving from, if we're successful, roughly half of our revenue base converted to a revenue share model and then moving into a solid majority and then mostly a predominant amount of that over the coming -- over the couple years beyond that. Subject to some of the calendar renewal schedules and the like.
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, it's mostly a function of when their current contracts expire. So as their current contracts expire, they get renegotiated and we're just following the calendar of when those contracts expire.
Jason Plagman -- Jefferies & Company, Inc. -- Analyst
Great, that's helpful. And then last one for me, it looked like my math would say admin -- hospital admin fees in Q4 were up about $10 million from the prior quarter. Can you just comment on the negotiations or discussions you're having with your hospital partners on admin fees and subsidies?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, Jason, that's -- this has come up in the past, because our line item has moved up, I think in general the -- that point that you are thinking about are, some of it is purely business growth where we have certain different service lines that have a greater admin fee associated with them and that are more funded by the hospitals and we've often brought up the example of OB hospitalist program. So some of it has been business growth with our service lines that has the greater admin fee component. Some of it has also be different -- different negotiations and contract updates with hospitals themselves, but it's been a mix of those factors. That said, has moved that line particularly over the past couple of years.
Jason Plagman -- Jefferies & Company, Inc. -- Analyst
Okay, thanks.
Operator
Next question is from Pito Chickering with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Good morning, guys, thanks for taking my questions. I'll take another shot at this one, I apologize, but last quarter I asked about, so what percent of managed contracts are locked in for 2020? With the changes to the United contract, investors are obviously skittish about this topic due to private competitors bonds trading at $0.50 on the dollar. Any chance you can share with us what percent of your contracts you have visibility to be on for 2020 and how it compares versus this time last year?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
That's really not something that we've ever really commented on, Pito. We have a tremendous diversification of our managed care contracts within payors, within states across service line. So we've generally not looked at it in that fashion. And secondary to that, if you go back to some of Roger's comments, these terminations were unilateral and in instances that Roger brought up related to contracts that have been in place for 10 years to 20 years or longer. So our focus here is on the process by which this was undertaken and not at any kind of renewal schedule or anything like that.
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Alright. And then may I ask a different question. Capital deployment, you're guiding to share is higher to be for 2020 versus fourth quarter, you bought back a truckload of stock in 2018, should we read this as any signs due to your capital deployment strategy, you sort of talked about capital deployment in 2020 versus 2019, any changes we should read into or not?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure Pito, good morning, it's Stephen. The only comment that we made in our prepared remarks was that, especially in the face of this United matter with an unknown -- unknown outcome and unknown impact or scale, do you suggest that over the near-term for us to have a pretty conservative posture from a leverage -- from a leverage perspective, we obviously need to finish the transformation work that we have begun. We do want to continue with M&A, particularly in the Pediatrix, and Women's and Children's business and we put out there the big numbers we contemplated in our model, which was about $50 million. If you look at 2019, what you'll see is our, our total M&A spend was roughly around $110 million, $120 million, but half of that was related to radiology and the rest was women and children. So kind of a consistent type of women and children spend over 2020 is at least the underlying assumption in the model. You know, in terms of other -- other historical share repurchase activities. I think there were certain circumstances at those times around those -- around those repurchases and I'm really not advised to make any comment about any sort forward-looking activity on that one.
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Great, thanks so much.
Operator
And next we'll go to Matt Borsch with BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Matt Borsch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
So my question is not about UNH specifically, but just to understand the contracting more broadly to the extent that's in focus. Generally speaking, is it more the case that your physician contracts are based on regional or statewide fee schedules or would you say, are the majority of them at least you will be, want to look at the revenue volume whatever based on practice specific negotiation?
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
I will say there, B, is the right answer, they are practice-specific, depending on geography, as well as specialty types and number of physicians required to cover, we do have just in our Pediatric Group, we do have pediatric cardiologists, pediatric intensivist, neonatologists, hearing, screen. I mean there is just a number of different services that we're able to provide. So it's going to be dependent on all of that.
Matt Borsch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
[Speech Overlap] No, I was just going to ask, if the customization I would think would be correlated with that market or pricing power that you have, but maybe I'm wrong?
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Like, I would just go back to a comment that I made earlier, is that, look, we, for the most part, provide really sensitive and important services to a very vulnerable patient population rather vulnerable because they are premature baby, they are vulnerable because of the high-risk pregnancies, they're vulnerable because more than half the patients that we serve are Medicaid babies and our Pediatrix business. I mean, we take care of really sick little kids and that the dynamics of our payor discussions for the most part and over the course of time have been fragile [Phonetic] and nothing that you would find extraordinary. We have not been in any meaningful way as subject to heavy-handed or abusive approaches to figuring out how to make sure that these -- that these -- that these folks are -- have access to these -- to these services. So this is a significant departure and that is -- and it's a very significant -- has the potential to be a very significant this quarter and that's why we were highlighting, the way that we are, because it deserves to be highlighted.
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
And I want to stress one point that we keep making over and over again, which is that it's never been our strategy to be out-of-network. And I think it's really important to know that there are a number of times when we acquire a group of physicians who are out-of-network and we automatically and immediately bring them into network and our negotiations take into consideration what the new revenue from the Group is going to be once they get into -- into network. So we have been adamant from the beginning, when you're taking care of these very sick newborns, you're developing relationships with the patients and the parents. You are there with them at night time, you're -- when the times are bad you sit there and you hold their hands. These people are going to be -- have patients in their hospital for two, three weeks or much more than that. There is a special relationship that is built between the parents and the physicians who were there, from the delivery until the time to maybe get discharged and the good -- the news are not always -- the news are not always good news, there are times when you unfortunately have to deliver some bad news. So there is a very special relationship and now to go tell the parent, listen your insurance company is not going to pay the bill. I'm going to have to send you a bill is not something we want to do.
Matt Borsch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Absolutely. Alright, I'll leave it at that. Thank you.
Operator
And with no further questions in queue, I'll turn it back to the Company, if you have any closing comments.
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
No. Thank you, John. I appreciate your help. And thanks everyone for listening this morning.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 73 minutes
Call participants:
Charles Lynch -- Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations
Roger J. Medel -- Chief Executive Officer
Stephen D. Farber -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Ralph Giacobbe -- Citi Investment Research -- Analyst
A.J. Rice -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Seth Canetto -- Stifel Nicolaus & Company,Inc. -- Analyst
Rishi Parekh -- Barclays Capital -- Analyst
Kevin Fischbeck -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Whit Mayo -- UBS Securities -- Analyst
Gary Taylor -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Jason Plagman -- Jefferies & Company, Inc. -- Analyst
Pito Chickering -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Matt Borsch -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
