Image source: The Motley Fool.
Owens-Illinois Inc (OI -0.62%)
Q2 2020 Earnings Call
Aug 5, 2020, 8:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the O-I Second Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]
With that, I would now like to hand the conference over your speaker, Mr. Chris Manuel, Vice President of Investor Relations. Thank you, and please go ahead.
Chris Manuel -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Thank you, Myra, and welcome everyone to the O-I Glass second quarter earnings conference call. Our discussion today will be led by Andres Lopez, our CEO; and John Haudrich, our CFO.
Today we will discuss key business developments and review our financial results. Following prepared remarks, we will host a Q&A session. Presentation materials for today's call are available on the Company's website at o-i.com. Please review the safe harbor comments and disclosure of our use of non-GAAP financial measures included in those materials. Some of the financials we're presenting today relate to non-GAAP measures such as adjusted earnings per share, free cash flow, segment operating profit, leverage ratio and net debt, which exclude certain items that management considers not representative of ongoing operations. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP items can be found in our earnings press release and in the appendix of this presentation.
I'd now like to turn the call over to Andres, who will start on Slide 3.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Chris. Good morning everyone and thank you for your interest in O-I Glass. First, let me say thank you to the entire O-I Glass team for their agile decision-making and effective execution during the pandemic. Despite many challenges, we continue to protect the health and safety of our employees, which is our top priority as we deliver high quality sustainable glass packaging for the critical food and beverage industry.
Last night, we reported results for the second quarter of 2020. Our adjusted earnings were $0.01 per share and free cash flow was $112 million. These results were consistent with our most recent business update as trends improved over the course of the quarter. Despite the most challenging business conditions in decades, we remain slightly profitable, generated a strong cash flow and positioned the business well for the recovery. I'm proud of the -- of our results given significant demand volatility and severe operating disruptions due to the pandemic, in particular, drastic lockdowns across key markets such as Mexico and the Andeans.
As we manage through the brunt of the pandemic, we continued to advance our strategy by taking bold actions to execute our investment thesis. Results benefited from exceptional execution of our turnaround initiatives. Likewise, we continued to advance MAGMA and we took important steps to optimize our structure. This includes the divestiture of our ANZ business at an attractive valuation to rebalance our portfolio and help improve our balance sheet.
While the second quarter was very challenging and disruptive, business conditions did improve over the course of the quarter. Sales volume was down about 15% overall, yet we exited June down just 3% as markets began to reopen and volumes were up 2% in July. Given the ongoing uncertainties COVID-19, we are limited our guidance to sales volume outlook. Reflecting recent encouraging trends, we have revised our full year sales guidance. We now expect shipments will be down 4% to 7% from last year, which compares favorably to our prior outlook of down 5% to 10%. Likewise, we continue to operate under key guiding principles that prioritize strong liquidity, maximizing free cash flow and reducing debt. Overall, I believe O-I responded to pandemic with resilience and speed as we continue to execute our long-term strategy despite the challenging backdrop. We are encouraged by recent business trends as markets reopen.
If you flip ahead to Slide 4, you will see some of the steps we have taken to mitigate these turbulent times. Back in March, we established our COVID response plan to focus on cash generation, mitigate the financial impact of the pandemic and maintain financial flexibility. We swiftly aligned supply with demand to avoid costly inventory growth and you will see that our inventories in June were in line with prior year. Likewise, we have set the right conditions to reduce inventories on a year-over-year basis starting in July and through the second half of the year.
As we balance capacity, we optimize our network to managed fixed cost absorption and establish the right flexibility for the business recovery. Our turnaround initiatives have been the perfect platform to ensure we successfully navigate COVID-19. Our revenue optimization efforts have helped us achieve the best possible top-line, given the pressures imposed by the pandemic. Our factory profitability efforts have improved operating efficiency, including at our focus factories, which were impacted by increased complexity in 2019.
Additionally, we have quickly implemented strict cost controls, which have generated significant and immediate results. Importantly, we established a new operating model for the company that simplifies the organization as well as improve decision-making and execution. We are watching capital like a hawk. During the second quarter, both capex and working capital compared favorably to the prior year period.
Finally, we reoriented our capital allocation priorities to focus on debt free option. While we content with the most difficult business environment in our lifetime, O-I remain focused on the bold structural actions to change the company's business fundamentals.
I'm now on Slide 6. As indicated, we continue to make great progress with our turnaround initiatives. In fact, this is the best I've seen the company perform in a long time. MAGMA continues to advance and we remain on track for our first quarter of 2021 Generation 1 installation in Holzminden, Germany. This will be an important milestone, which will pave the way for broader Gen 1 deployment commencing in 2022.
Finally, we are optimizing our structure as we rebalance our portfolio and improve our balance sheet. Late last year, we divested our soda ash joint venture and reduce debt by nearly $200 million. In January, we initiated the Chapter 11 filing for Paddock as we seek a final resolution for our legacy asbestos liability. And last week, we completed the previously announced sale of our ANZ unit. I strongly believe, these had been right steps for O-I, our customers, our employees and our investors.
Furthermore, I remain highly confident in our ability to execute across these fronts and unlock shareholder value. Let me share additional color on our business trends for context before I turn it over to John, who will discuss our final -- financial results.
I'm now on Slide 6. The charts provide two sets of information. On the left, you'll see O-I's recent shipment rates. On the right, we have share retail purchase trends for key markets and categories for glass. Let me share some thoughts starting with O-I. While our volumes were stable for most of the first quarter, the pandemic sharply impacted orders in April and May. On an encouraging note, volumes covered significantly in June and July as markets reopen, consistent with the evolution of the pandemic, we realize the contraction and subsequent recovery in Europe first, followed by the Americas.
Let's shift to the retail patterns on the right. As you can clearly, see off-premise sales has remained elevated since the pandemic consistently up between 10% and 35% depending on category. This makes sense considering the sharp fall off in demand at bars and restaurants. Prior to the pandemic, retail represented about 75% to 80% of our sales, while off-premise was the remaining 20% to 25%. Bottom-line, we believe that strong retail activities generally offsetting the lost sales from bars and restaurants, with consumer consumption trends balanced overall.
While consumption was relatively stable, our shipment levels were quite volatile. After a period of disruption, our demand rebounded and supply chains rebalanced for this channel chain. Going forward, we believe glass demand and underlying consumption patterns will eventually converge, but it could be choppy for a while the supply chains adjustment depending on any further developments with the virus. Despite 2020 volumes being down for -- from market disruption, we are confident our glass volumes will return and eventually exceed pre-pandemic levels.
Now I turn it over to John.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Andres, and good morning, everyone. I'm on Slide 7. As Andres mentioned, our second quarter results were $0.01 per share, which was consistent with our most recent business update. Let me walk through our earnings reconciliation on the right. Segment operating profit was $95 million, which compared to $236 million in the prior year. As noted, FX was a $6 million headwind. Higher selling prices offset cost inflation, which was elevated due to FX induced inflation, especially in Latin America.
Sales volume and mix was an $84 million headwind, which was fully attributed to the pandemic. This reflected a 15% decline in shipment levels plus the impact at our JVs. Operating costs were a $52 million headwind, which is the net effect of lower production and improved operating and cost performance. Production was down 20%, which impacted results by $109 million. The decline in production levels exceeded the decline in sales volume. This reflected our disciplined efforts to align supply with lower demand and control inventory levels, as well as the forced curtailment to comply with government decrease to address the virus. In particular, forced curtailment was drastic in both Mexico and the Andeans.
Lower production was partially offset by $57 million in benefits from our turnaround initiatives and other cost control efforts. We expect the clear majority of these savings will be sustained and benefit future earnings. Non-operating items including lower interest expense, following the recent refinancing activities. Our tax rate was elevated reflecting a shift in regional EBIT mix and other factors, given lower earnings. We will likely contend with an elevated tax rate for the balance of the year, which will not impact cash in 2020.
All of these results pertain to adjusted earnings. The appendix includes more details on items, management does not consider representative of ongoing operations. These include charges for employee severance related to our recent reduction in force initiative, refinancing costs as we retired near-term debt, as well as restructuring, primarily related to one site in Latin America. We continue to expect 2020 cash restructuring will approximate prior year levels. Bottom line, adjusted EPS was $0.01 compared to $0.69 in the prior year, as earnings were significantly impacted by lower volumes due to the pandemic, partially offset by favorable operating and cost performance.
Moving to Slide 8, let me share a little color on regional performance during the quarter. In the Americas, profit was $52 million, down $88 million on a currency neutral basis. Higher selling prices, mostly offset cost inflation, which was elevated due to FX induced inflation in Latin America. Sales volumes were down 18% during the quarter, but improved significantly later in the period and shipments were down about 8% in June.
During June volumes were about flat in North America and down high single-digits across most of Latin America. The exception was the Andean countries, which were still down double-digits. In July sales volume was up low single-digits across the Americas, including mid single-digit growth in North America. Second quarter production was down as we balance supply with demand and comply with government decrease. Improved operating performance and cost controls partially offset the impact of the pandemic.
Europe's operating profit was $42 million, down $45 million on a currency neutral basis. Higher selling prices more than offset cost inflation, which included the benefit of the region's revenue optimization efforts. Sales volumes were down 14% during the second quarter, but improved as markets began to reopen. June sales volumes were up 3% in the region and shipments were down slightly in July. Like the Americas, second quarter production was lower than last year to control inventory and improved operating performance and cost controls help to mitigate the impact of lower volumes.
Asia Pacific's operating profit was $1 million, which was comparable to the prior year. As noted, we completed the sale of ANZ last week, which is the clear majority Asia Pacific segment. Pro forma information is provided in the appendix.
Let's shift to cash flows and the balance sheet. I'm now on Slide 10. We are operating under a set a specific capital allocation principles amid the pandemic. Let me review these principles and the progress we have made through mid-year. First, we are squarely focused on maximizing free cash flow. To support this, we are aligning supply with demand and limiting capex to normal maintenance investment in MAGMA. We have been making very good progress. Our second quarter free cash flow was $112 million, despite this period often being a seasonal use of cash for business. In fact, cash flow was about $160 million higher than the prior year, normalized for changes in AR factoring activity.
Likewise, the Paddock Chapter 11 process has suspended any asbestos-related payments. All of this reflects a highly disciplined focus on cash and capital management, as our year-to-date cash flows compare favorably to the prior year.
Second, we are preserving our strong liquidity. Despite the pandemic, our committed liquidity actually improved during the second quarter and exceeded $1.8 billion at mid-year. This is well above the liquidity floor we have identified for 2020. Third, we are reducing debt. As illustrated on the chart, net debt was $5.4 billion as of mid-year, which compared favorably both to the prior year period and first quarter levels. Our leverage ratio at mid-year was 4.1 for our bank credit agreement, which was just slightly higher than the first quarter despite the pandemic and well below our covenant limit of 5.0.
With the completion of ANZ divestiture last week, net proceeds are being used to improve the balance sheet. We have already repaid over $350 million in debt and the remaining debt reduction will occur in the near future. As our tactical divestiture program continues, we are in advanced stages on the sale of a few close plant properties. While minor, we expect the transaction should be completed by year-end. All these actions will further improve our leverage position and we are highly confident O-I will remain in compliance with its bank covenant in 2020. Overall, we are making solid progress on our capital allocation priorities in 2020, despite the challenges of the pandemic.
Let me wrap up with a few comments on our business outlook. I'm now on Slide 11. While we believe the worst of the pandemic is behind us, significant uncertainties remain, given O-I's earning sensitivities to changes in volume, we are not providing specific earnings and cash flow guidance. We will consider reinstating guidance in the future, when there is more market and public health stability. However, we are providing our best estimates on demand trends, which could change due to the fluid nature of COVID-19.
Reflecting recent favorable trends, we now expect our full-year 2020 sales volume will be down between 4% and 7% compared to the prior year. This reflects a more favorable outlook compared to our previous guidance of down 5% to 10% in 2020. Given the recent trends, we expect third quarter sales volumes will be flat to modestly lower than prior year. Yet, we do expect third quarter production levels will be down 7% to 10% compared to last year, as we continue to trim our IDS levels. Most of this rebalancing is complete in our IDS at the end of July was below the prior year. After this quarter, production should be aligned with sales volume trends. Please note that our sales volume outlook has been normalized for the divestiture of ANZ,effective July 31st. We do anticipate providing continued regular business updates during the pandemic that will include our evolving business outlook.
With that, I'll turn it back to Andres.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, John. Let me conclude with a few comments. The second quarter presented many unique challenges, which we met with high resilience, speed and agility. Despite this difficulties, we remain profitable and generated a strong cash flow supported by solid operating performance. After an abrupt downturn in demand earlier in the quarter, we've seen an equally strong rebound in demand since June, which is reflected in our improved sales volume outlook.
Despite the global pandemic, we continue to advance our strategy and successfully take the bold actions to change our business fundamentals. Let me reiterate what I have said in the past. We remain focused on creating long-term value. I'm confident the steps we're taking today will enable O-I to emerge a stronger position, that will benefit the company and its stakeholders in 2021 and beyond.
Thank you for your interest in O-I glass and we now welcome your questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] We have our first question comes from the line of Ghansham Panjabi from Baird. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
Ghansham Panjabi -- Robert W. Baird & Co. -- Analyst
Hey, guys. Good morning.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Good morning.
Ghansham Panjabi -- Robert W. Baird & Co. -- Analyst
Hey. So, I guess, first off on the July volumes up 2%, can you give us a breakdown by region? And then why are volumes implied to decelerate during the third quarter, just given tight theoretical end market inventory levels in Mexico and the Andean region?
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yes, Ghansham. So sales shipments were up about 2% year-on-year in July and North America was the strongest performance being might -- mid-to-high single-digits year-on-year. Europe was slightly down, but is about flat when you put June and July together. So that market is stabilizing quite well in line with prior year in those two months. Now Brazil was up mid-teens, a very strong performance, Mexico is still down, but is significantly improved, and in particular the local market has improved quite well. We're still soft in the export market and Andean was about flat. Peru and Ecuador very strong, Colombia still down but recovering well.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
And on the other part of your question, which was why did the quarter -- why are we up by 2% in July and then declining in the back part of it. I'll kick that off and...
Ghansham Panjabi -- Robert W. Baird & Co. -- Analyst
Sure. Yeah go ahead.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
But I think we're certainly seeing a inventory restocking process going on, right, with -- after the dislocation in the second quarter we're certainly seeing that, but the question is how long will that be sustained and whatnot. So, Andres...
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So demand signals, Ghansham are encouraging across all markets. Nevertheless, we want to be cautious because there is high volatility and we've seen lots of instability in the market over the last few months. Now we got to be mindful that there is uncertainty with regards to Illinois's future evolution and the impact it might have in lockdowns and economies.
Now there is the inventory replenishment that John just mentioned. Now in the encouraging side, when we look at off-premise demand is been stronger than expected and its been four months, four consecutive months of very high demand and glass has been performing quite a strong in off-premise and just giving you a little bit of data related to the United States based on IRI, the premium products are performing quite well in off-premise. This is good for glass and it is good to see that consumers are not trading down.
Now if we look at the specific product categories beer glass is up 10%, wining glass is up 14%, spirits are up 24% and food is up between mid-teens and high double-digit depending on the product line. The on-premise channel has been down and you know that that normally is good for glass. Now it's been operating after the lockdowns were lifted, it's been operating at low levels. Now what that causes is CAx [Phonetic] are of very low use and because they are of low use then single-serve containers got to replace that and that is very good for glass because then our demand increases.
Now it will require the on-premise demand to go back to high activity on rotation for CAx to be safe to be use otherwise the life of the product is at risk. Now, you know that the -- in the U.S., there is a shortage of aluminum cans and this is favorable to glass. Now we expect the shortage to extend through 2021 at this point. However, when we look at Europe, for example, and we look at Brazil, demand for beer is really high, in fact, we've been shipping all the capacity that we have active at this point in time, while they don't have this issue with the shortage of aluminum cans in the market.
And I will say that the final factor that we are looking at is there is high new product development activity in the market. We've seen that in North America, we're seeing in Mexico, in Brazil and the Andean countries and we will continue to monitor the conditions. Again we see encouraging signals of demand improvement, but we want to be cautious.
Ghansham Panjabi -- Robert W. Baird & Co. -- Analyst
Okay, that's very comprehensive. Thanks so much.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Brian Maguire from Goldman Sachs. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Brian Maguire -- Goldman, Sachs & Co. -- Analyst
Hey, good morning, Andres, John and Chris.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Good morning.
Brian Maguire -- Goldman, Sachs & Co. -- Analyst
Question on third quarter outlook. So I think the second half of the year outlook I guess, in general, you're sort of implying volumes will be flat to slightly down in both quarters, it seems like if you just triangulate for the four to seven for the end of the year. So I guess the question is, if volumes are roughly flat do you think the EBITDA could be flat year-over-year? And then sort of within that the decremental margin in 2Q was, I think, 45% for EBITDA and I know you had a tough time sort of adjusting to the changing environment and you've sort of talked about decremental margins going forward will be not quite that bad as you're thinking about to take some fixed cost actions. What kind of decremental margins you think we could be looking at in the second half of the year if there is a range or a number you can kind of put on that?
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, let me -- this is John, let me take a stab at a number of those points there. So if we look to the back half of the year, some of the moving parts is FX shouldn't be a very major factor, maybe a little bit of a headwind as we get into later part of the year. We will probably still be contending with a little bit of FX induced inflation over the balance of the year, we'll be able to pass that through ultimately, but it might take a little bit of time.
Like you said in a world where the sales volumes are flattish, yes, we should be able to sustain that now. We are taking a little bit of production downtime -- additional production downtime here in the third quarter as I mentioned that 7% to 10% as we are bleeding off some of the inventory levels. So that will be a bit of an impact. Keep in mind, we were down 20% or so in the second quarter, if we're half or a third of that you can kind of calibrate what the net effect is, as you saw the costs were up $50 million or so in the third quarter, look at half or a third of that in that regard.
And probably the other key variable, our two other variables is taxes. We're going to have elevated taxes, just because of the impact of the second quarter earnings environment. We'll probably be about an average of 40% effective tax rate for the year, it could be lower than that if we are able to get volumes kind of flattish in the back half of the year or it might be creep up a little bit above that. And of course then you have the ANZ divestiture and there is probably about a nickels worth of earnings loss over the balance of the year from the July 31st to the end of the year. So hopefully that gives you a little bit of color in that regard.
On your question about decremental margins, so if you take a look at the course of the quarter, we did have, as you mentioned something like in a 45% or 50% kind of decremental margins during the quarter, in the second quarter. Now that really reflects the impact of the sales volume obviously was a big piece of that. We did have our JVs also down a little bit and that tends to have a little bit disproportionate impact on the margins.
Now on the production side, yeah, if you take a look at it, I thought we did a really good job, because we took -- despite the fact that we were taking production down at a rate above the decline in...
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Demand.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, demand we kept our decremental margins in that 40% to 50% type of range. In a world where you're actually now recalibrating on that that probably would have been around 40% decremental or even high-30s decremental margin given the very good cost reduction that we achieved during the business. So as we think about what it should be going forward, kind of a normalized gross profit margin decremental or its sensitivity on the sales side is about low-20s. And then if we can keep the decremental margin on production at another 15% to 20% or so then you're pushing 35% to 40% decremental margin or incremental margin as we recover for that matter going forward.
Brian Maguire -- Goldman, Sachs & Co. -- Analyst
Okay, thanks very much.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of George Staphos from Bank of America. Your line is open, please go ahead.
George L. Staphos -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Thanks, operator. Hi guys, good morning, thanks for all the details.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Morning.
George L. Staphos -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Morning everybody on the call as well. Hey, Andreas, I wanted to take a step back and look at what you're finding so far with MAGMA what have been the findings out of Streator? What are the customers been saying? And importantly, how does this change the growth outlook, given what you're finding right now, looking out to '21 and' 22? The related question I have, what are you finding in terms of the changes, if at all in terms of the glass characteristics using MAGMA versus your traditional technologies, the product performing as expected in line, is it filling the right way? And again tie that back to your growth expectations for '21 and '22. Thank you very much.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, George. So MAGMA, all the things we wanted to test in a Streator has tested and the outcome has been positive. The most important part we wanted to grow over there was the melting and it's been proved. So at this point in time, we can melt glass of high quality, we can do it at good efficiency rates, we can form barrels with no problem at the levels of quality required by the industry. So that is going well. We're waiting for the Holzminden milestone to be covered. We want to confirm some other data points. If that is confirmed, we're going to be in a position to deploy MAGMA in some specific applications in 2022 and 2023.
So customers are very encouraged by that. They see how this technology can increase flexibility significantly, the scalability follow growth better, which is part of your question. So they're looking forward to having MAGMA available and this is across end-users. Then, when we look at growth, having MAGMA is an important development because we kind of scale up in small increments, which has been a concern for the industry and a -- really a constraint all the way to here. So we're going to be in a position to follow some of these growth opportunities in a smaller increments and then, we can compliment that with additional lines as the volume is developed. We were expected to deploy Gen 1 so, so far, the progress has been so positive that we are in a position to deploy Gen 1 if we get the confirmations we want in Holzminden.
Glass quality is good. The product is good out of the MAGMA line. So we're now looking forward to the Holzminden operation.
George L. Staphos -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Hey, Andres, just a quickie, how many trials have you done at Streator since you started? Thanks very much and good luck in the quarter.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, multiple trials. We've been in operation in that line now for a year and a half, two years. So we go in and off because this is an R&D line, so we continuously test new things. And there are plans to test even more things in 2022 with regards to R&D development. But this is in constant activity. So we've been testing multiple kinds of containers in multiple conditions over this period of time.
George L. Staphos -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Thank you very much.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Debbie Jones from Deutsche Bank. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Debbie Jones -- Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. -- Analyst
Hi, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. I realize it's early for have a specific 2021 capex guidance. So I just wanted to ask related to kind of a COVID recovery scenario. How long can you stick with kind of maintenance plus MAGMA capex? What are the areas where you would see a need for additional capex spending? And then just kind of in the context that you have two businesses now really, I realized they are big, but you don't have Asia anymore. If you just kind of think about the maintenance for each of the two remaining regions going forward, and kind of what is needed over the next two or three years in each of those regions?
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Hey, Debbie, this is John. I'll take some of the number of questions on that. We've always said kind of maintenance is around $275 million to $300 million. Asia, the ANZ business would normalize have about $35 million of capex on an annual basis. So you can kind of deduct that or at least a large portion of that for the capex. Just thinking about what is -- what could it look like going into next year, obviously it's very early. Nonetheless going into this year, into 2020, we were guiding $350 million to $375 million, obviously that included ANZ at that business. So that included the maintenance level that I talked about plus incremental investment when we were doing MAGMA plus some discrete kind of growth in operating performance-related projects.
So taking that as a baseline, then the question is what is really -- what is the need next year, and that's where we got to understand a little bit of the topology of the marketplace business opportunities what is the new normal look like to be able to recalibrate. So Andres.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, I think the difference -- the major difference will be related to strategic projects and something that we're seeing over the last couple of months is some customers willing to take mid-term to long-term commitment coming out of the pandemic. And that -- so we're looking at that, we're looking at the demand capacity balance and trying to determine what might be required from a capacity standpoint going into '21 and '22. So that might be the major difference.
I think the maintenance for the critical assets had been covered in 2020 and then we've been investing in MAGMA, which we intent to continue going into '21.
Debbie Jones -- Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. -- Analyst
Okay, thank you. And John, if I can just ask kind of looking back at the Green Bond that you guys did last year and thinking about the next couple of years, do you think there is a scenario with which you would be able to significantly lower your borrowing rates, just kind of given what you were able to do there?
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, I mean first of all, we thought the Green Bond was a great success for us. I mean, the amount of interest that we had lined up, especially by ESG investors, at least 40% is from what we can tell of the investors in the Green Bond ended up being ESG related funds under either independent or under the umbrella. A lot of times companies target about an 8 of a percentage point improvement. I think we got better than that. I think we got a quarter point or better, to tell you the truth.
Now, it's always hard to understand on under any given set of circumstance, what you think that the value of that would be going forward, but we were very encouraged by that Green Bond and I'd certainly would look to evaluate doing more of those going forward. And our average borrowing rate right now is right around 4% or so. So across the spectrum of the investments. So that's a pretty good rate. Hopefully, we can continue to chip away at that, but it will depend on the rates, when we get back in the market.
Debbie Jones -- Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. -- Analyst
Okay, great. Alright, thank you very much. I'll turn it over.
Operator
Our next question comes from the line of Mark Wilde from Bank of Montreal. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Mark Wilde -- The Bank of Montreal -- Analyst
Thank you. So a very clear presentation this morning I want to note that. I wondered if you could talk about the amount of impact in the second quarter from one-time kind of cost cuts and salary reduction and [Technical Issue] coming back.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, Mark, you cut out a little bit there, but I think your question was, what was the impact of cost cuts in the second quarter and how much is sustainable and whatnot. So we had indicated that we had $57 million of cost reduction in the second quarter, about $32 million of that or about close to 60% or so was really under our turnaround initiatives, that's improved efficiency effectiveness at the factory level, things like that, that is very sustainable, OK. The other $25 million or so has to do with other cost reduction activities that we had across the business. Under that pocket, some of it is sustainable. So we had indicated we had a reduction in force activity in the quarter, that component will be sustained. So let's say half of that is a sustainable or so type of savings.
Some of it is situational. I mean, the fact that the volumes were down, production was down, even access to labor was down. So maybe maintenance level spending was a little bit lower during during the second quarter. A lot of people have been obviously working at home, so the opex levels are -- the spend a little bit lower. But I would say overall, about 70% or more should be sustainable type of savings for the business.
Mark Wilde -- The Bank of Montreal -- Analyst
Okay. And just as a follow-on, John, can you guys talk about sort of how you're managing the production reductions in the third quarter? Is it shutting down line, shutting down furnaces, just slowing back lines?
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
It's...
Mark Wilde -- The Bank of Montreal -- Analyst
And the furnace footprint moves contemplated.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
So, at least on the -- last part first. We came out and we identify the restructuring items, we had the one facility in Latin America. Any other future decisions would be obviously in the future. We got to understand the landscape of the business as time progresses. But looking at the production management during the quarter, it was about 50% lines down and 50% furnaces down. We -- going into the second quarter, it was substantially lines down and obviously that has a higher fixed cost absorption. We did able to blend that down to about 50-50 toward later in the quarter, that's about what we incurred in July period. Also that's a good place between -- the sweet spot between minimizing cost absorption. But also having operational flexibility the demand comes back online. So that's kind of the mixed bag that we were looking at. And as we indicated in our prepared comments, with IDS getting in line to where we want it to be, we will start tailing off on the production activities kind of mid-quarter here so and then get back into production more aligned with sales volume activity.
Mark Wilde -- The Bank of Montreal -- Analyst
Okay, very helpful.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Anthony Pettinari from Citi. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Anthony Pettinari -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Good morning.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Morning.
Anthony Pettinari -- Citigroup -- Analyst
You talked about the strength in North America and I'm just wondering as some states are pausing or in some cases rolling back reopening plans with COVID cases increasing. Is it possible to say what your full-year shipment guidance assumes in terms of on-premise consumption? Is that expected to kind of improve sequentially through 3Q and 4Q, with on-premise coming back or are you kind of assuming may be kind of a current level of activity?
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yes. So the -- we had a strong July. At this point in time we're sold out in beer in Americas -- in North America. We expect that to go through the balance of the year. While we're seeing in on-premise is -- in off-premise is something that we got to monitor closely. There has been a significant increase and I will say taste for at-home consumption and cooking, and that's changing some trends. There are some emerging trends that we got to go monitor. Initially we expected that off-premise was going to be very punctual. It was going to have a very punctual increase, but in reality it's four months now and it continues to be very high. So, we got to see where that is going to see at the end.
And on-premise, it got to go back up. It's important to monitor at what pace and to what level. And I think the use of CAx is something to monitor closely because it has a significant impact. The volume of CAx is -- equates to about 6.4 billion units of single-serve containers. So it's a pretty sizable share. So, we monitor that closely. We expect the America -- the North America market to continue in a good pace, but we might be limited by capacity to -- in beer because at this point in time, we are placing all the capacity we have in the market.
Anthony Pettinari -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Okay, that's very helpful. And then just with regards to the shortage of beverage cans, just so that I understand this and I heard it correctly, I think you indicated, North America, you are seeing those shortages, may be impact the market through 2021, but you're not seeing them to the same degree in Brazil and Europe. If I heard that correctly. And then I guess, is it possible to quantify how much volume maybe you were able to pick up, whether it's a point or more? And is this volume that you're able to kind of lock-up in the multi-year contracts or does this maybe just kind of go back next year? Any kind of color there.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, so the -- what we're seeing over here is obviously an increase in demand for glass, as a consequence of that for shortage. We are seeing very strong demand in Brazil for beer. In reality, we are sold out in Brazil at this point. One-way containers have been performing well in off-premise and returnable containers are now coming back because restaurants and bars are opening in the large cities. So, Brazil is performing strong. We're going to be constrained by capacity. Europe is having a very strong demand in beer. It doesn't have the shortage that we are seeing in the United States for aluminum, but it has a very strong demand for beer. So that's the current situation.
Again, we're monitoring that -- this closely. We expect that as consumers have more glass in their hands and knowing that the consumers like to consume their preferred brands in glass, this is going to have a positive impact over time in glass demand.
Anthony Pettinari -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Okay, that's helpful. I'll turn it over.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Adam Josephson from KeyBanc. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Adam Josephson -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst
Thanks. Good morning, everyone.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Good morning.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Good morning.
Adam Josephson -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst
John, two cash flow questions for you. The first is, you went into this year thinking you do $300 million, plus partly because you're not making asbestos payments and then, obviously we had a pandemic such that your earnings were going to be much lower than what you initially thought and then you sold the ANZ business recently. So, given all of these changes and given whatever your economic expectations are for the foreseeable future, what do you think is a reasonable kind of normalized level of free cash flow? When I say normalized, I mean in a year in which working cap is neither a major source for use and when your capex is comfortably above the maintenance level that it will be this year.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, I would say a normalized level of capex still remains above that $300 million range for the business. Okay. So again, thinking of more normalized level and thinking of some of the moving pieces in that regard, you can come up with your own kind of EBITDA view. Keep in mind, we lose about $80 million or so of EBITDA out of ANZ, but we also have the follow-on of the $35 million lower of capex spending and then the savings of the -- on the interest payments themselves on the debt. So the net leakage, there is about $30 million, $35 million or something along those lines.
In a world where we continue to see working capital as maybe a very slight modest use of cash restructuring in this kind of $40 million range or thereabout and really kind of bringing back that capex, if you just kind of assume this $375 million, understanding that we may have numbers that swing either way on the side of that, then adjusted down for the ANZ brings it down to a little under $350 million. So what you have there is an environment that supports over $300 million of cash flow for the business and then of course that's what we'd like to grow the base off of and improve it from there.
Adam Josephson -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst
Thanks. And just related question is, if that's a normalized level, that's what you were guiding to for this year of course before COVID and before you sold ANZ, can you talk about just your working capital expectation for this year, just given your efforts to reduce inventories, given whatever your AR factoring as compared to last year etc.?
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, let me just talk about that a little bit. So going into this -- remember last year working capital was a fairly large use of cash about $150 million and we had indicated going into 2020 that should be reduced to something like a $75 million to $100 million use.
Adam Josephson -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst
Right.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Now what we're also seeing right now is a couple of moving pieces. One is we aren't seeing -- I mean some of the harder hit areas are some of the markets that have the longer payment terms and things like that. So, that's a little bit of a recalibrating effort. Plus the fact that we've also really focused on the working capital side ourselves internally, whether it's receivables or inventory management, etc. So, I think we should be in a world we're kind of in the middle part of that range that we were talking about, you should be comfortably below that $75 million to $100 million range, but it's still a modest use of cash. And so that's probably what I'm thinking about this year.
Now, on the factoring side. Factoring, we don't think is going to be either a source or use of cash this year, assuming the markets are what they are. We had about 45% or so of our gross receivables factored at the end of last year. We always try to keep that between a 35% and a 45% range and it tends to be a little bit higher at the end of the year, given the seasonality of the business and the needs of cash going into the first quarter in that regard.
Now one thing I would say the caveat for free cash flow this year is, it is going to be a little bit messy because of the divestiture of ANZ and the fact that some of these things will come through working capital adjusters, through cash flow, from financing activities, basically reporting elements and we will make very -- make those elements, very clear for the investment community going forward.
Adam Josephson -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst
Thanks, John.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Mike Leithead. Your line is open, please ask your question.
Michael Leithead -- Barclays plc -- Analyst
Great. Thank you. And just one for me, Andres, question on the U.S. beer dynamic that you talk through with cans sold out. Curious if this shift or this increased demand you're seeing in glass it's more driven by, say, your traditional canned beer customers who -- they're seeing tremendous demand and they're trying to get more products on the shelf. So, they're moving back toward more bottled beverages versus say consumers that are just kind of trading toward different brands, call your more premium traditionally glass beer demand because everything else is sold out? Just how have your conversations with your customers kind of evolved given these dynamics?
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, so, the -- I think we are seeing both, I think, customers are interested in developing new products and we're seeing that activity picking up and as consumers get the opportunity to have their brands in glass, which they like, I think we're going to see a pickup on demand because of that, just because of that. Clearly, there is a shortage in aluminum cans right now, but there is a improvement in the interest in glass by it's on right [Phonetic] too.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, I think, this is also evidenced by you see that a lot of interest in the new product development that we talked about earlier, is a lot of our customers are coming to us looking about ways that we can launch and revitalized brands and bring it forward in a different way. And that's a good sign that there is a fundamental interest in glass as a product.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
And there are a number of premium products being growing in the market and glass is a very good fit for premium products and branding. So that's what we are observing in the market taking place.
Mark Wilde -- The Bank of Montreal -- Analyst
Great, thank you.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Gabe Hajde from Wells Fargo. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Gabe Hajde -- Wells Fargo Securities, LLC -- Analyst
Good morning, gentlemen. Hope you all are well.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Hi, Gabe.
Gabe Hajde -- Wells Fargo Securities, LLC -- Analyst
I was curious, can you discuss at all, I guess, the competitive landscape in Europe and maybe more specifically the Iberian Peninsula. We've read some reports of heightened imports in France, particularly and others removing capacity in the market. So I think you guys kind of added a furnace, I know it was kind of spoken for premium beer product if I remember correctly. So I'm curious if that furnace is operational at this point. And then as it relates to MAGMA I seem to remember that was going to be kind of on schedule for second-half 2020 and I appreciate obviously, it's difficult to get engineers and different folks into plants and factories. But being push to Q1, is that just a result of pandemic, or is there something else there?
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Okay. So the competitive situation of companies in France, or -- excuse me, in Spain or Portugal shipping into France has been a long time situation. Now, what we're seeing at this point is France recovering well. So wine is coming back to pre-pandemic levels. Remember that wine was a little soft in Devordo [Phonetic] area before we went into a pandemic and the dynamic -- the competitive dynamics remains the same. The -- with regards to the furnace in Gironcourt, which you're referring to is going to start in September. So we're finalizing the construction and we're ready to go in September. It got a little bit delayed just by the pandemic, as you will imagine it was difficult to move people across borders and we needed to slowdown.
With regards to MAGMA is the same thing. So we were expecting to conclude by the end of the year, by the fourth quarter and we needed to move this a couple of months because we couldn't send people to the suppliers, to -- for the construction of equipment or we couldn't advance the construction. But at this point in time everything is back to normal and we expect to have this up and running in Q1.
Gabe Hajde -- Wells Fargo Securities, LLC -- Analyst
Okay, thank you. And I recognize that you guys are kind of managing the business real-time and 2021 feels like a far way away today, but assuming, obviously, we don't have kind of locked down measures in Q2 and we kind of have some sort of a volume recovery in 2021. How should we be thinking about production levels next year again kind of particularly given you guys are trying to manage inventories pretty tight this year?
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, I think the -- as we said before, there is a lots of all volatility at this point and uncertainty. So we're monitoring all of these various factors that we described before, very closely and we expect to be able to provide more color on 2021 later in the year. I think there are encouraging signs in demand, as I described before, they're having an impact right now, some of them have the potential to go into the following year, but again it's too early to give you a -- give an estimate of 2021.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
I would just add, I mean again back to our prepared comments is that, we are at the point getting close to having our production aligned with demand. So, of course, we'll have to look at how much -- what is the inventory at the end of the year and how much progress we want to making further after that. But by and large, we're doing the heavy lifting, very quickly. I mean, we were able to achieve in a couple of months what it took the company over a year to do back during the Great Recession. So I think we acted very quickly to right size the inventories, which we think is absolutely the right decision for cash and positions us quite well going forward.
Gabe Hajde -- Wells Fargo Securities, LLC -- Analyst
Great, that's what I was looking for. Thank you.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
We have our next question comes from the line of Lars Kjellberg from Credit Suisse. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Lars Kjellberg -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Thank you and good morning. Just have one question left and just looking at your margins in the most comparable region they're still tracking it appears in the range 500 to 600 basis points. And so the question is, what sort of level -- levers do you have to pull to narrow that significant EBITDA margin gap and what sort of role do you think MAGMA can play in that?
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Let me start with the -- just making reference to the turnaround initiatives. I mean, a lot of that focus goes to cost reduction and something that we've done during the pandemic is accelerating those efforts. So I think we're building a pretty solid foundation for margin improvement going into a following year under comparable conditions. MAGMA is expected to have a lower total cost of ownership when we have to -- when we get to Gen 3 a lower capital intensity too. So it's going to have a -- we expect it to have a positive impact in margins as we can implement Gen 1, Gen 2 and that and then Gen 3.
Lars Kjellberg -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Yeah, and just one follow-up, in terms of the furnace activity was that a meaningful sort of delay from the first half into the second half? And is that also weighing on the second half production level?
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
The rebuild schedule?
Lars Kjellberg -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Yeah.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, well the -- we needed to have a little bit of delay in some of the areas we had high level of activity scheduled for Europe when the year started. We had some delay, but we are moving all those projects forward. So we already started most of them. So that's pretty much covered. In other parts of the world, we didn't have an issue because we didn't have the restrictions to move people across. So we've been performing according to our schedule as we came into the year.
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
I would say is that the capital spending, as we look through the balance of the year is pretty evenly balanced between the third and the fourth quarter. And both of them will be favorable to the prior-year levels.
Lars Kjellberg -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Got it, thank you.
Chris Manuel -- Vice President of Investor Relations
We have time for one last question.
Operator
We have one more from Arun Viswanathan from RBC Capital Markets. Your line is open, please go ahead.
Arun Viswanathan -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
Great, thanks for taking my question. I just have one maybe higher level question, when you think about all the changes you've made over the last couple of years and now selling ANZ and also I guess maybe thinking about some of the shifting demand dynamics, how are you thinking about the footprint now globally, are there any regions where maybe there is opportunities to consolidate plants? Do you think that's necessary within the industry? Thanks.
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So we've been looking at footprint having the right balance between demand and capacity across the world for a couple of years now. The market in which we had demand decreases, which is North America, it's a market in which we have been adjusting capacity. Now, we're seeing a increasing demand so we got to see where that is going to take us with regards to requirements of capacity. But other than that I think we are well positioned in markets like Brazil, there is a significant demand. So we got to look at incremental capacity over time. But for the most part we've been balancing demand and capacity well. We're continuously looking at assets we want to make sure we are always focused on the market -- assets that have high margins and very good returns, but that's an ongoing exercise that we've been doing and will continue in the future.
Chris Manuel -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Okay, thank you, everyone. That concludes our call. Please note that our third quarter call is currently scheduled for October 28th. And as always make it a memorable moment by choosing sustainable glass.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 60 minutes
Call participants:
Chris Manuel -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Andres Lopez -- Chief Executive Officer
John Haudrich -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Ghansham Panjabi -- Robert W. Baird & Co. -- Analyst
Brian Maguire -- Goldman, Sachs & Co. -- Analyst
George L. Staphos -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Debbie Jones -- Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. -- Analyst
Mark Wilde -- The Bank of Montreal -- Analyst
Anthony Pettinari -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Adam Josephson -- KeyBanc Capital Markets -- Analyst
Michael Leithead -- Barclays plc -- Analyst
Gabe Hajde -- Wells Fargo Securities, LLC -- Analyst
Lars Kjellberg -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Arun Viswanathan -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
