Monday morning, we'll get treated to a quarterly update from Texas Instruments (NYSE:TXN). Whether you like semiconductors or graphing calculators, this could be the stock for you, so break out that Reverse Polish number-cruncher and let's get down to business.

What analysts say:

  • Buy, sell, or waffle? Thirty-six analysts follow TI on a day-to-day basis. Twenty-five of them say we should buy the stock, 10 recommend that we just hold on, and one wants to sell. In our Motley Fool CAPS investor community, this is a solid four-star stock, based on input from more than 740 users.
  • Revenue. The consensus forecast calls for $3.45 billion, nearly 7% less than last year's $3.7 billion. Management's mid-quarter update told us to expect between $3.36 billion and $3.51 billion.
  • Earnings. $0.42 per share would match the average analyst expectation, though it's lower than the $0.47 per share produced last year. Official guidance sets a range from $0.40 to $0.44 per share.

What management says:
"TI's performance in the first quarter was confirmation of fundamental and sustainable long-term changes we have made in the company," said CEO Rich Templeton in the last earnings release. "Even with an 8 percent decline in sequential revenue, gross margin remained above 50 percent and operating margin remained above 20 percent. TI performed considerably better than inf prior troughs because of a more resilient manufacturing strategy and a stronger portfolio of analog products."

More detail on that "resilient manufacturing strategy" below.

What management does:
The year-ago quarter ending June 2006 included $1.65 billion of decidedly one-time net gains, as TI sold its sensors & controls segment into private equity fund Bain Capital. That skews our rolling data a bit -- hence the "adjusted net margin" row.

With that in mind, TI is keeping its operating and net income rather stable by adjusting its research and sales budgets to match gross income increases. In turn, those increases are happening on the back of modest sales gains.

Wait -- I thought TI was supposed to be in the middle of a market crisis, as consumers opt for low-end gadgets? Surely that's not conducive to widening gross margins. This is where the company's asset-light manufacturing strategy is paying off, as seen once again in TI's efficiency ratios.

Margins

12/2005

3/2006

6/2006

9/2006

12/2006

3/2007

Gross

49%

50.1%

49.9%

50.1%

51.4%

51.7%

Operating

22.2%

23.9%

25.7%

26%

25.9%

26%

Net

18.8%

19.3%

28.9%

28.5%

30.5%

30.3%

Adjusted net*

18.8%

19.3%

17.7%

19%

18.9%

18.6%

FCF/Revenue

20.1%

18.3%

13.7%

7.2%

8.3%

10%

*See above for explanation.

Efficiency Ratios

12/2005

3/2006

6/2006

9/2006

12/2006

3/2007

Return On Assets

10.9%

13.3%

15.6%

16.6%

15.9%

16.5%

Return On Equity

17.4%

20.3%

21.9%

22.9%

22.6%

23.2%

All data courtesy of Capital IQ, a division of Standard & Poor's. Data reflects trailing-12-month performance for the quarters ended in the named months.

One Fool says:
When the market gets tight, TI can keep its own facilities running at top speed anyway, and simply reduce its outsourcing orders to chip foundries like Taiwan Semiconductor (NYSE:TSM) and United Microelectronics (NYSE:UMC). Bad news for the foundries, but no sweat for the Texans.

That's how the company can keep its margins nice and tight, even when sales are slowing from a lack of demand. When the market turns back up again, TI just takes its chip orders coming in from Nokia (NYSE:NOK) or Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL) and hands them down the line to Taiwan again, enjoys the revenue growth, and still keeps margins as wide as ever. Wafer start-up costs and such are of no concern.

It's a pretty sweet model that gives TI the best of both worlds -- absolute production control where it really matters, and volume flexibility where cutting-edge processes aren't that important. Rumor has it that AMD (NYSE:AMD) is thinking about a similar strategy, based on what management has learned from its acquisition of fabless video chipper ATI last year. I can think of worse models to copy.

TI's stature in the analog, digital, and mixed-signal chip markets also makes it a great gauge for overall market conditions. Many observers will tune in to TI's earnings report just to see what to expect from reports like that of Linear Technology (NASDAQ:LLTC), or any of the already-mentioned parts of the gadget-related supply chain.

Fool contributor Anders Bylund owns shares in Taiwan Semi and AMD, but holds no other position in any of the companies discussed here. He wonders whether Reverse Polish wouldn't simply be Roughness, or Abrasion. You can check out Anders' holdings if you like, and Foolish disclosure is lost without its TI-30 STAT, vintage 1989.