Housing: Still in the Dumps

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"If we're building 500,000 [houses a year], we are eating up that [excess housing] inventory. And the faster we eat up that inventory, the better off we are." -- Warren Buffett

Call it a silver lining: Homebuilding is going nowhere fast compared with household creation. And as Buffett points out, that's good news, since it means we're chewing through excess inventory. But it also shows the housing market is still a ways from recovery mode.  

September housing starts came in at an annualized 590,000, below expectations. Over the past year, here's how monthly starts have fared:

Month

Housing Starts

Annualized, Seasonally Adjusted

September 2008

822,000

October 2008

763,000

November 2008

655,000

December 2008

556,000

January 2009

488,000

February 2009

574,000

March 2009

521,000

April 2009

479,000

May 2009

551,000

June 2009

590,000

July 2009

593,000

August 2009

587,000

September 2009

590,000

Source: U.S. Census.

This is starting to show a fairly clear trend: Housing starts have probably bottomed, but are painfully slow to rebound. Shares of homebuilders like Beazer Homes (NYSE: BZH), Hovnanian (NYSE: HOV), and Pulte Homes (NYSE: PHM) all sold off on the latest numbers.

You can blame that slow rebound on a few things: First, foreclosures are still a disaster. Plenty of subprime borrowers have been purged from the market, but now a wave of option-ARM loans are resetting and recasting, pushing armies of "prime" borrowers into foreclosure. More foreclosures equals added supply. More supply depresses the need to build.

Second, the $8,000 first-time homebuyer credit is scheduled to end next month, meaning demand from first-time homeowners will fade, as happened when cash-for-clunkers ended. In anticipation, homebuilders are likely hunkering down. This should surprise no one: When you pay people to buy homes, they buy more. Stop paying them, and they buy less. No magic tricks here.

The big issue is how much more supply needs to be eaten away. This is an incredibly difficult question, because the "shadow inventory" is anyone's guess. Shadow inventory is composed mainly of two parts:

  • Bank-owned foreclosed homes not yet on the market, presumably because banks hope prices will rebound and don't want to recognize losses.
  • Homeowners who want to sell, but are holding off for the same reason as banks: They're waiting for prices to rebound. 

No one knows how large this shadow inventory is, only that it's somewhere between huge and catastrophic. Any rebound in prices could explode new inventory, pushing prices back down.

What we do know, however, are the on-market inventory numbers:

Month

Months of Supply, Unsold Homes

August 2008

10.6

September 2008

10.1

October 2008

10.2

November 2008

11.0

December 2008

9.4

January 2009

9.7

February 2009

9.7

March 2009

9.6

April 2009

10.1

May 2009

9.8

June 2009

9.4

July 2009

9.3

August 2009

8.5

Source: U.S. Census and HUD.

With 8.5 months' supply, the housing market is as stable as it's been in a while. Problem is, 8.5 months is still high, with about six months' supply historically being a healthy norm. Plus, shadow inventory could make the real supply of unsold homes astronomically higher than it appears. In one candid estimate, Stan Humphries, chief economist at Zillow.com, predicted that more realistic numbers could "take about four years to run through." Wonderful. That's like being kicked in the groin while you're on the gurney.   

All of which leads to the unsurprising conclusion: Housing is still in the dumps, and will remain face down in the mud for a while. Not only is this an uncomfortable truth for homeowners, but also housing-heavy banks like Wells Fargo (NYSE: WFC), Bank of America (NYSE: BAC), and even JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM). A lot of investor sentiment is riding on the hope that the worst is behind us. And while it may be, that alone doesn't mean what lies ahead will be anything close to good.

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Fool contributor Morgan Housel doesn't own shares in any of the companies mentioned in this article. The Fool has a disclosure policy.

Comments from our Foolish Readers

Help us keep this a respectfully Foolish area! This is a place for our readers to discuss, debate, and learn more about the Foolish investing topic you read about above. Help us keep it clean and safe. If you believe a comment is abusive or otherwise violates our Fool's Rules, please report it via the Report this Comment Report this Comment icon found on every comment.

  • Report this Comment On October 21, 2009, at 6:08 PM, jesse2159 wrote:

    The American dream of home ownership is not dead, it's on hold while the dust settles. The banks are not helping. They received zero interest loans from the Federal Reserve, and still do not lend. The government needs to tell the banks in no uncertain terms to lend out the funds.....or give it back. Home prices won't overshoot the mark. There are many potential buyers out there simply waiting for the first signal that prices are on the way up, provided the mortgage rates remain reasonable. Just don't rely on banks to be reasonable.

  • Report this Comment On October 21, 2009, at 6:26 PM, rookie2009 wrote:

    i have subcontracted work for sureguard, the largest servicer of foreclosed and abandoned homes in the country, and let me tell you the numbers are huge! from dumps to palaces you wouldn't believe it if you saw it.

  • Report this Comment On October 21, 2009, at 6:48 PM, vrpirata wrote:

    I wouldn't say housing starts have bottomed. The apparent bottom is artificial, as it is being held by stimulus, tax credit, moratoriums. Is artificial because such “help” will create another downturn have removed.

    The 8.5 months supply is also a lie, because it doesn't take into account the shadow inventory Banks are hiding. Why the shadow inventory? Because banks can now report it as assets at peak price (thanks to the bad resolution done by the FASB last year to stop the requirement for mark-to-market valuation). That is the reason Banks have been able to post profits since.

    Now the NAR is lobbying to extend and expand the tax credit. Hopefully they will let the tax credit die. It is putting more money in the housing market, that in combination with the manipulated low mortgage rates, is inflating the bubble again. Some Banks are also lobbying to bring back the interest only loans. Wasn't that kind of attitude that got us in trouble in the first place? When we will understand that falling house prices is part of the solution. The problem was that they were too high, and still are.

  • Report this Comment On October 21, 2009, at 7:34 PM, Gorm wrote:

    My main question is: Is housing an investment or shelter?

    Personally, I think Americans are rethinking this and increasingly the shift is towards "shelter." Housing is NOT a good long term investment.

    America is in decline and housing will reflect that.

  • Report this Comment On October 22, 2009, at 11:15 AM, Tomohawk52 wrote:

    +1 rec for all comments above. I don't understand how keeping rates low and giving people incentives to buy houses they cannot afford is going to do anything but create another bubble -what happens if the interest rates climb? The government seems like a juggler keeping chainsaws in the air. Eventually they aren't going to drop just one; they will drop them all and slice themselves to bits!

  • Report this Comment On October 22, 2009, at 12:43 PM, thisislabor wrote:

    vrpirata,

    man all of america is truly aware that housing subsidies are part of the problem. but there is a world of difference between being aware of the problem and being willing to do something about the problem.

    that's where america is at, we're not undereducated we are just in it for ourselves anymore.

  • Report this Comment On October 22, 2009, at 11:10 PM, wtatm wrote:

    Morgan,

    Kudos on a great article. Thanks especially for publishing the annualized housing starts.

    For awhile, I have tried to come up with a "normalized" number of how many annual housing starts we should see. Based on a US population of 307 mil... approximately 1% annual population growth (about 3.1 mil for 2009)... and figures that the housing industry have furnished of about 1 new home for every 4 people... the "normal" rate of new housing starts should be about 800k. You could quibble a little with the numbers, but certainly the figure should be less than 1 mil per year.

    Seeing numbers in the 400k - 600k range for the last year is an encouragement... that builders are cutting back to try to work off inventory. But given that foreclosures are averaging almost 4 mil a year... that there is an unknown "shadow inventory"... and that the Alt-A defaults are just starting to hit, it is hard to see a meaningful homebuilder recovery for years.

    Just my 2 cents.

    Jim

  • Report this Comment On October 23, 2009, at 2:22 PM, daustin97222 wrote:

    Keep in mind that "All Real Estate is Local". And it is: Portland OR. and Raleigh/Durham NC are completely different markets than Tampa or Detroit or Vegas. So you need to look past the national numbers and get to the local numbers (even when evaluating builders). Hovnanian has no presence in Oregon, yet Horton is big there.

    I've been a landlord since 1974 and I have seen my share of housing disasters. But through it all: real estate has kicked the stuffing out of my stock portfolios. I don't live in Detroit and would not want to be an owner/operator there, with jobs and population vanishing by the day.

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