Not all dividends are created equal. Here, we'll do a top to bottom analysis of a given company to understand the quality of its dividend and how that's changed over the past five years.

The company we're looking at today is Chimera Investment (NYSE: CIM), which yields 14.7%.

Most real estate companies, including Chimera, are organized as real estate investment trusts, or REITs. They do this so that they can get around the double taxation issue that most investors face. REITs don't pay taxes as long as they distribute at least 90% of their income as dividends. The investor holding shares of the REIT then has to pay taxes on those dividends as though they are income. This differs from most dividends, which are taxed at a lower rate.

Dividend
To evaluate the quality of a dividend, the first thing to consider is has the company paid a dividend consistently over the past five years and if so how much has it grown.

Chimera Investment Corporation Dividend Chart

Chimera Investment Corporation Dividend Chart by YCharts

Annaly's dividend rose steadily from 2009 to 2010 when it peaked at $0.18 per share in September 2010. The dividend has slowly been dropping and most recently was $0.12 per share.

Sustainability
For a mortgage REIT, the most important measure to follow is a company's interest rate spread. This is the difference between the rate the company borrows money at and the rate it lends money out at.

Source: S&P Capital IQ.

Chimera's interest rate spread, while declining, is still very high and will likely remain so until interest rates begin rising again. The Federal Reserve has stated that it won't raise rates until 2014 at the earliest, so you have some time before this will happen.

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