I Could Buy a Home With an FHA Loan -- Here's Why I'm Not

I'm currently in the process of buying a house. Even though I've done so in the past (spoiler alert: it didn't end well), I still qualify as a "first-time home buyer" on this go-round, at least for mortgage purposes. Since it's been more than three years since I had an ownership stake in a house, I qualified to buy with an FHA loan -- and actually, that's how I bought last time, too.

FHA loans are backed by the federal government (specifically, the Federal Housing Administration, hence their name), and administered by standard mortgage lenders. The requirements to use one are less stringent than for conventional home loans.

While a conventional mortgage often requires a credit score of 620 or better, many FHA lenders only require a score of 500. If your credit score is at least 580, you can get away with putting down just 3.5% on a home purchase. But if you can swing a 10% down payment, your credit score could be as low as 500.

Despite these perks, I opted against an FHA loan this time -- I'm buying with a conventional loan instead. Here's why.

I'm already paying more than I want to

Mortgage loans are far from cheap these days. As of this writing, the average rate on the classic 30-year fixed home loan sits at 6.88%, according to Freddie Mac. Compare that to rates at 3% in 2021! In real numbers, if you buy a $250,000 home with 10% down at a rate of 3%, your monthly payments for the loan and the interest will be just $1,094. Swap that 3% rate for one at the current average, and you're signing on for monthly loan and interest payments of $1,624. Ouch. And even with a credit score over 800, I'm still not saving much on a mortgage rate.

Since I'm already paying more per month (and overall) to buy a house, I decided against going with an FHA loan, because it would cost me even more. I'm putting just 10% down on my home purchase, so I will have to pay for private mortgage insurance (PMI). This protects my lender in the event I stop making payments and it must repossess and resell my house. If you buy a home with a conventional loan and less than 20% down, you'll pay for PMI.

FHA loans come with mortgage insurance, too -- it's called MIP, or a mortgage insurance premium. Like PMI, payments are collected monthly -- but there's also an upfront payment to cover at closing. But unlike PMI, if you make a 10% down payment on a home with an FHA loan, you'll pay MIP for 11 years. If you make the standard 3.5% FHA loan down payment, however, you're stuck with MIP unless you refinance to a conventional loan.

With my conventional loan, once I reach 20% equity in my house, I can have my PMI payments canceled by my mortgage lender. With an FHA loan, I'd be paying more for longer -- or paying to refinance the loan as soon as I got to 20% equity.

I wanted to be a more competitive buyer

I'm very aware of how competitive the current market is for buyers. The supply of homes for sale (just 2.9 months' worth in February, according to the National Association of Realtors) is too low to equalize the market between buyers and sellers, so I knew I'd have to beat out other buyers to get an offer accepted.

On the lead up to finding the right house, making an offer, and getting it accepted, I looked at several that specified "cash or conventional" in their listings. This means that sellers were only willing to consider buyers paying cash or using a conventional loan, rather than a government-backed mortgage. Unfortunately, some sellers are wary of FHA loans because of the stricter appraisal requirements.

All homes bought with a mortgage go through appraisal, but in the case of a conventional loan, that appraisal is to assess value, not condition (that's what a home inspection is for). But FHA appraisals also serve as a safety inspection for the home, which must meet certain livability standards for the loan to be approved. I didn't want a seller to be leery of me as a buyer because of this extra layer of scrutiny.

If you're an aspiring homeowner, it's a great idea to assess all your mortgage options. Depending on your credentials, income, or background, you might have access to programs that can save you money on the home-buying process. I might not be using an FHA loan this time, but I'm sure glad the option exists -- anyone who wants (and has the means) to buy a house should be able to.