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Integra Lifesciences Holdings Corp (IART -3.30%)
Q1Â 2020 Earnings Call
May 7, 2020, 8:30 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good day, and welcome to the Integra LifeSciences First Quarter 2020 Financial Results Conference Call. Today's conference is being recorded. And at this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Mike Beaulieu. Please go ahead.
Michael Beaulieu -- Chartered Financial Analyst
Thank you, Savanna. Good morning, and thank you for joining the Integra LifeSciences First Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. Joining me on the call are Peter Arduini, President and Chief Executive Officer; Glenn Coleman, Chief Operating Officer; and Carrie Anderson, Chief Financial Officer. Earlier this morning, we issued a press release announcing our first quarter 2020 financial results. The release and corresponding earnings presentation, which we will reference during the call, are available at integralife.com under Investors, Events and Presentations in the file named First Quarter 2020 Earnings Call Presentation. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that many of the statements made during this call may be considered forward-looking statements. To that end, given the ongoing uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, we intend for today's call to include more information about the current and anticipated future status of our business that has been typical during our past quarterly earnings calls. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are discussed in the company's Exchange Act reports filed with the SEC and in the release. Also, the discussions will include certain non-GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations of any non-GAAP financial measures can be found in today's press release, which is an exhibit to Integra's current report on Form 8-K filed today with the SEC. With that, I'll now turn the call over to Pete.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Mike, and good morning, everyone. On behalf of everyone here at Integra, I'd like to start by expressing our gratitude to healthcare workers for risking their lives to serve patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. I would also like to thank all our employees around the world for their support and resiliency during these difficult times. If you turn to slide four, I'll begin the presentation. We started 2020 off strong, and our performance from January through early March was tracking ahead of our plans despite the initial effects of COVID-19. In China, strong distributor relationships and our selling model helped to limit the financial impact from COVID-19 in February. In March, as the virus spread throughout Europe, and the U.S. international health organizations as well as federal and state agencies recommended postponement of all nonurgent medical procedures. In addition, shelter-in-place policies resulted in a lower incidence of traumatic injuries. As a result, we, like most other med tech companies, experienced a significant decline in business beginning in March in mid-March. Our revenue declines in March were entirely related to COVID-19. The underlying end markets, especially neurosurgery and regenerative medicine remain strong, and we are confident they will return to growth. Treatment of many underlying conditions for which our products are used can only be deferred for a limited period of time without a risk of more serious consequences.
Throughout the pandemic, our priorities have remained consistent. First, to ensure the health and safety of employees. We implemented work-at-home policies for our office-based staff. We took a number of steps to aggressively limit travel while ensuring our central products remain available to our customers. In addition, we added safeguards within our manufacturing and distribution facilities, including PPE and new processes to reduce the risk of infection to our employees who continue to work on site. Second, we're leveraging technology to maintain a high level of service across our business. Throughout April, we conducted online training and professional education for our customers. And we've used video conferencing platforms and other communication tools to remain in continuous contact with colleagues and customers around the world. Third, in April, we initiated cost-saving programs to protect our strong cash position and liquidity in this challenging environment. We entered this crisis in a strong operational and financial position. The organization is flexible and able to adapt quickly to a changing environment, enabled by investments in technology we've made over the last few years. This past February, we strengthened our capital structure and currently have over $350 million in cash on hand and over $1.1 billion undrawn on our credit facility. We remain focused on managing the business for the long-term by maintaining investments in critical R&D and clinical programs and preserving full-time jobs that will position the company for growth as soon as procedure volumes return. In challenging times like this, we also benefit from the breadth and diversity of our portfolio and end markets, our market-leading technologies which are supported by clinical and economic data and our leadership positions in many of the markets in which we compete. I'm extremely proud of the efforts of our people to support customers and patients. We have over 4,000 talented and dedicated global employees who are committed to Integra's vision of providing the best possible care to our patients by limiting uncertainty for healthcare professionals.
Glenn and Carrie will provide additional details on our plans and preparations for the rebound of procedures, but let me first provide some perspective. We've built our recovery plans based on an underlying assumption that procedure volumes will return with sequential acceleration. Our commercial teams are in close contact with customers, evaluating feedback by geographic region and hospital system. We're using this data not only to build our sales forecast, but also to find ways to work remotely with customers today while preparing for the recovery of procedures. Our executive leadership team is conducting daily briefings to monitor and just our response to the COVID-19. Without question, many challenges to a full recovery still exists. ICU bed availability, which is critical to a vast majority of neurosurgery procedures is one example, while others include operation capacity and the confidence of patients returning to medical facilities. As these challenges are overcome, we are optimistic that we will see month-over-month improvement throughout the year. Before turning the call over to Carrie, I'd like to provide a view of where we were before the pandemic and to demonstrate why we feel confident that we will exit the year on a growth trajectory. Please turn to slide five. In this chart, you can see that global orders were trending above our 2019 levels from January to mid-March of 2020. Our performance was driven by several factors, including continued momentum in new product introductions, higher regenerative orders fueled by improved manufacturing supply and strong capital sales. In mid-March, you can see the dramatic decline that occurred as soon as surgical procedures were postponed on a wide scale. For the company as a whole, run rate for the last two weeks of March were down about 28% compared to 2019 and varied by product line. Despite these declines, we closed the first quarter with revenues of $354 million, roughly flat on an organic basis compared to the first quarter of 2019. To be clear, our performance in April will bear the full effect of COVID-19.
And based on what we know today, the second quarter will be the most challenging of the year. In the third quarter, we expect year-over-year declines, although not at the same rate as in the second quarter as many procedures in which our products are employed cannot be deferred for more than 90 days. In our base case scenario, we assumed the fourth quarter of 2020 will be roughly in line with the fourth quarter of 2019, and under more favorable scenarios, we see opportunities for growth. While the global impact of this magnitude was unimaginable just three months ago, and the timing of a full recovery remains uncertain, I'm confident that once the environment returns to growth, the actions we are taking and the plans we have in place will position Integra for outperformance over the long term. Now I'd like to turn the call over to Carrie for a more detailed review of our first quarter performance and the ongoing impact of COVID-19. Carrie?
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Pete, and good morning. I'll keep my comments on the first quarter results relatively brief, so we can move to a more detailed discussion of the impact COVID-19 has had on our revenue profile and how we're thinking about the second quarter. First quarter total revenues were $354 million, representing a decline of 1.5% on a reported basis and unchanged on an organic basis compared to the first quarter of 2019. This performance was at the high end of our preliminary results announced on April seven. Adjusted earnings per share were $0.48 compared to $0.65 last year. Both the revenue and EPS declines on a year-over-year basis as well as the unfavorable variance to our original guidance expectations were entirely due to the adverse impact of COVID-19. If you turn to slide six, I'll start with a review of our CSS segment. Reported revenues were $231 million, an increase of 0.50% on an organic basis. Global neurosurgery sales increased 4.5% on an organic basis. Despite the slowdown we saw at the end of the quarter, organic growth was strong across all neurosurgery franchises. We reported high single-digit growth in both CSF Management and advanced energy and low single-digit growth in both dural access and repair, neuro monitoring. Sales in our Instruments franchise declined about 14% on an organic basis.
While Instruments continue to show low single-digit growth through early March, in line with our previous expectations, we did see significant softness in late March as our largest distributors deferred their typical end-of-quarter orders in light of the decline in medical and dental office-based procedures. We also saw capital purchases such as surgical lighting slow late in the quarter. International sales in CSS were up high single digits during the first quarter, led by strength in Japan and advanced purchases in several indirect markets, including China, due to precautionary concerns over the global spread of COVID-19. Moving to our Orthopedics & Tissue Technologies, or OTT, segment on slide seven. Revenues were $123 million, representing a decline of 1.2% on an organic basis. Sales of AmnioExcel and SurgiMend increased double digits in the quarter, driven by the increase in supply coming from the capital investments we initiated last year at our Boston and Memphis facilities. Our broader regenerative portfolio was on track for low double-digit growth through the first 2.5 months of the quarter until COVID-19-related procedure deferrals took us while in the last two weeks of March. Most impacted were nonemergent chronic wound treatment and plastic and reconstructive surgeries. In total, first quarter sales in wound reconstruction were down low single digits compared to the prior year. Sales in private label increased mid-single digits in the quarter, in line with expectations. We saw limited COVID-19 impact to our private label business in the first quarter as orders were largely prescheduled. In orthopedics, we were seeing positive year-over-year growth in both our U.S. and international markets until COVID-19-related deferrals virtually shut down nonemergent procedures in mid-March.
For the full quarter, orthopedic sales declined mid-single digits. International sales in OTT increased low single digits based on strength in tissue products early in the quarter in Europe. Turning to slide eight. I will now review our first quarter performance of the key P&L and cash flow components. Adjusted gross margin was 68.3%, unchanged from the first quarter of 2019. Our adjusted EBITDA margin was 21.4% compared to 24.3% in the prior year. First quarter GAAP earnings per share were $0.11 compared to $0.38 in the prior year. Adjusted earnings per share were $0.48 compared to $0.65 in the first quarter last year. The decreases in gross margin and EBITDA were primarily related to COVID-19, which caused lower-than-expected revenues, as nonemergent surgical procedures were deferred, primarily in the U.S. This decline in U.S. revenue relative to growth in international revenue resulted in an unfavorable gross margin compared to our original expectations. Additionally, lower revenue related relative to our SG&A and R&D spending levels as well as a higher blended tax rate contributed to the decline in EPS and were down by the same COVID-related factors. Diluted shares outstanding were down slightly year-over-year due to the share repurchase program. Recall that in early February, we did initiate an accelerated share repurchase agreement. In the first quarter, approximately 80% of the expected total shares to be repurchased under the program were delivered.Operating cash flow was $21 million in the first quarter, about $9 million lower than last year, driven by lower earnings and higher inventory levels, both of which were adversely impacted by COVID-19. Before I leave this chart, let me elaborate on the steps we have taken to manage our cost structure and preserve cash during this period of revenue instability.
In April, we announced sweeping cost reductions across the organization. We estimate these cost actions will reduce our operating expenses by about 30% in total, including a more than 60% reduction in variable expenses. We have decreased hours in some of our manufacturing facilities, amounting to an overall reduction of 20% to 25%. We've also significantly reduced capital expenditures. The duration of these actions will largely depend on the shape of our revenue recovery but will likely last into the third quarter. At the same time, we have been very deliberate on our prioritization of critical capital, R&D and clinical programs and the supply of certain regenerative products to ensure the company is positioned for growth as the environment improves. Even with these significant cost actions with the expected sharp decline in revenues, we expect lower profitability and low single-digit EBITDA margins in the second quarter. If you turn to slide nine, I'll provide a brief update to our capital structure as of March 31. We ended the quarter with net debt of approximately $1.3 billion and the bank leverage ratio of 3.1 times. The company's maximum allowable consolidated total leverage ratio under its credit agreement remains at five times through June of 2022. Importantly, we have cash and cash equivalents of $358 million and $1.15 billion undrawn on our revolver. The company does not have any credit facility principal repayments due until June of 2021. If you turn to slide 10, I'll provide you some insight into our revenue profile in the context of the current COVID-19 environment and how to think about likely revenue scenarios for the second quarter.
We have reviewed the various guidelines, recommending deferral of certain elective surgical procedures during the pandemic and have been talking to our customers throughout this period. This data has enabled us to plot where our products fall on the spectrum of more urgent, moderately urgent and more deferrable surgical procedures. The following slide illustrates our current thinking based on available information. We have attempted to provide a qualitative scale with the boxes that are skewed to the left, indicating slightly more urgent procedures, and those skew into the right, procedures that can be deferred for a longer period. Traumatic brain injuries and acute burns and wounds are typically treated on a more urgent basis. Extremity orthopedic procedures are doing more elective and many capital purchases, which are tied to hospital budgets are expected to be deferred longer. In analyzing the moderately urgent category, a much wider set of variables, which range from patient-specific to the broader hospital environment must be considered. Also, it's important to remember that many of the underlying conditions in which our products are used can only be deferred for a short period of time without risk of more serious outcome for the patient. Now I'd like to turn the call over to Glenn, who will provide some additional insights and how we're thinking about recovery. Glenn?
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Thanks, Carrie, and good morning, everyone. If you turn to slide 11, I'd like to build on Carrie's comments as we look at the second quarter and second half of 2020. On the left side of this chart, we provided revenue declines for the month of April compared to the prior year for our few segments and our U.S. versus OUS business. Overall, revenue declined about 45% for the month of April compared to the prior year. Within our revenue base, there was a wide range of variability in decline rates. With parts of neurosurgery and acute trauma is down less than 30%, while others such as orthopedics were down over 80%. The rates of decline roughly corresponded to the surgical procedure categories Carrie just outlined. Geographically, we saw a less decline in our international business, with markets, such as Japan, Australia and Canada remained stable during the early part of the second quarter. The lifting of country and state's shelter-in-place restrictions will be a key factor determining how quickly procedures recover. However, as Pete mentioned, even in locations where procedures have resumed, variables such as ICU bed availability will impact the pace of recovery. As a company, our revenues are over 75% weighted toward inpatient procedures. We believe hospitals shift in resources from COVID-19 back to moderately urgent procedures will be critical to an improvement in our revenues. We anticipate revenue in May will sequentially improve over April, as we're encouraged by the news that certain states are beginning to reopen. Outside the United States, we have also seen positive signs of recovery in places like China, Japan and Germany.
If the trend continues, we expect a more significant improvement in June. The third quarter should show a healthy sequential improvement, but is expected to be below 2019 sales levels. In our base case scenario, we assume the fourth quarter of 2020 will be roughly in line with the fourth quarter of 2019, and in the more favorable scenarios, we see opportunities for growth. If you turn to slide 12, I'll provide a final brief review of the steps we've taken to restore growth quickly once customer demand returns. In March, we implemented contingency plans in many of our manufacturing facilities to ensure our essential products continue to be produced and delivered to our customers and patients. In addition, we've been building safety stock of a number of key products focusing on our regenerative plans. We've been supply constrained over the past 12 months. We are taking advantage of this temporary slowdown by building safety stock of select products to meet demand, we expect to see once procedures return later this year. These efforts have been made possible by our dedicated manufacturing employees, who continue to make essential healthcare products throughout the pandemic. I'd like to thank them for making a difference for our customers and patients. As mentioned earlier, we implemented aggressive cost reduction measures while preserving full-time jobs and key clinical and R&D programs. These cost containment actions included curtailments in hiring, travel, meetings, temporary workers and consultants and employee benefit costs. In addition, we've taken take us to our executive leadership team and Board of Directors, furloughed employees have select plans and moved to a 32-hour work week companywide.
We also implemented temporary compensation adjustments for our field sales teams to helps them bring this period and keep them motivated as our business recovers. As we work through multiple recovery scenarios, our commercial teams are mobilized. To that end, we've distributed essential personal protective equipment, enabling engagement with our customers on a regular basis, while closely monitoring and adhering to local restrictions. Our sales teams have been holding virtual customer meetings and online training to maintain close relationships even that access to hospitals has been restricted. The company's adaptability and resiliency in the face of this crisis was made possible in part by our prior investments in technology, infrastructure and operations and investments we have made in our talented and committed global workforce. We are addressing the short term, while at the same time planning for the long term. In closing, I would echo Pete's comments that we're confident in the underlying demand for our products. We feel we have the right people and plans in place and believe there are recovery scenarios in which we can restore year-over-year growth as soon as the fourth quarter. That concludes our prepared remarks. Thank you for listening. Operator, would you please open the line for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] And we will take our first question from Raj Denhoy Jefferies. Please go ahead.
Rajbir Singh Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Hi, good morning I wonder maybe I could start with the commentary around the expectations for the fourth quarter this year to look like last year. You described it as your base case. And so I'm just curious what's baked into that. Does that contemplate perhaps a second wave of COVID? What does that assume in terms of the economy? And my follow-up for that, really, as it relates to the economy, is several of your major categories, neuro trauma, burn, sort of related to economic activity, I imagine. And so perhaps you could just describe sort of your thought you're thinking broadly around that recovery outlook.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Raj, for the question. So I would say when we talk about our base case, we think of it as probably more of U recovery. We're not contemplating a sharp V. We're not contemplating W. But I think we're contemplating what we think is reality, which is that there clearly will be the effects of COVID in the fall. And that it won't reach the similar peaks that we saw here in the spring. And for us, as Glenn had mentioned and Carrie that a high percentage of our business, 2/3 in neurosurgery is tied to the availability of ICU beds. Even having an ongoing level of cases out there, but having access to ICU beds to take care of neuro procedures. We think that we'll see the sequential growth coming on board. To your point about the broader economy, if you think about burns, acute trauma, which is typically tied to accidents from driving. On the neurosurgery side, traumatic brain injuries, obviously related to falls or work-related incidents. It clearly had an impact here early on, and we would view as the economy opens up that we'll continue to see that increasing. How do we do better than that? Obviously, the opportunity for the amount of recurrence could be lower. It's kind of how we're thinking about it. But at this point in time, that's how we see it.
Rajbir Singh Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Okay. That's helpful. Maybe just Carrie, a follow-up question for you. I think you commented that you said you can reduce your operating expenses by at 30%. And I'm curious how to think about that? Is that sort of if you look at the operating expenses in the first quarter, even in the fourth quarter of last year, sort of a run rate to assume you can take the absolute dollar amount down by 30% in the second quarter?
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. That's the way we're looking at it. If you look at where we landed for Q1 in operating expenses, so that's essentially our selling our G&A and our R&D lines. We think the actions that we have announced to employees and the steps we're taking will take out about 30% of those expenses. So that's our plan.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Okay, that's helpful. Thank you. And our next question will come from Matt Miksic with Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Hi, Matt.
Matthew Stephan Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking the question. So maybe a follow-up just on some of your comments on the early signs that you've talked about in terms of recovery in May. And I think you'd mentioned something like accelerating improvements accelerating pace of improvements over the next several months. Can you talk about what you've seen? And I guess, as you get through second, third, fourth quarter, maybe just a follow-up on Raj's comment about the assumptions that go into that, to those that sort of base-case scenario, what sort of capacity do you expect these hospitals to be operating as you get into the tail end of the second quarter and the third quarter and the fourth quarter? And then I've one follow-up.
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Matt, it's Glenn. I'll take crack at this one. As we look at May obviously, the shelter-in-place orders being removed is obviously a positive sign for us. As we see more and more ICU beds opening up, it's a positive sign for us. And so we are seeing an improvement in the U.S. and even in many markets outside the U.S., places like Japan, China, Germany holding back to 80% or so levels from what's considered normal. One of the things that we learned during this COVID-19 situation is we have a lot of nonelectric procedures, but they are deferrable. We saw number of neurosurgical procedures being deferred for 30 or in some cases, they could be deferred up to 60 days, but they really can't go beyond that without starting to have issues with the patient. So when we look at our recovery plans, we clearly expect now that we've been into this for several months that we'll start to see a pickup in procedures. In May, we're already seeing in the first week or so. That should continue into June, assuming no setbacks, and then further acceleration going into Q3 and Q4. But from our perspective, that's the way we see things at the moment. Obviously, we don't have a crystal ball, and things could change if the virus comes back in a big way in late Q3, Q4 time frame. But for now, I think this is what we're modeling and different scenarios could play out different ways. But right now, given everything we know, we'd expect to be in a position where we're flat to 2019 when we get to Q4.
Matthew Stephan Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Yes. And then so if I read that your comments correctly, it sounds like not improving use capacity but not maybe reaching not banking on 100% as you get into the end of the year just yet?
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Yes. I think that's fair. And I think to a certain extent, we'll see pent-up demand for procedures that have been put on hold. At the same time, we have seen just a decline in traumatic injuries and procedures in neurosurgery as well as burn and wounds with everybody on the shelter-in-place situation. Pete, do you want to add anything?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. I would just say, Matt, I think if you compare what we went through in April to what we think the fall will be, so the difference is, I think everybody would say, as a country, we were had more surprise issues to deal with. And so more draconian actions like no elective procedure will be done, hold all your ICU beds for this pending wave of COVID patients, whether they come or they didn't, had a bigger effect on clearly what aren't collected procedures. I mean you don't see neurosurgery as elective, you don't see burns, you don't see trauma. But when you basically say we're shutting everything down for those cases, has an impact. If you go to the fall, the improved testing that's out there, better understanding of the disease, how to create green zones within the institution to manage that, that's the feedback we're getting. And we have our sales forces with a pretty nice quantitative way to collect ongoing weekly data from IDNs, different health systems around the world. And I think that's the feedback that we're seeing. I think you know and as many folks know, neurosurgical procedures tend to be reasonably profitable procedures for health systems as well as some of the particular trauma cases. On top of the fact, in our prepared comments, we said, we can delay maybe up to 90, that's maybe a benign tumor. Something that's malignant, you get past 30 to 45 days, you start creating other issues. And we're starting to see some of those cases come back in. And again, we believe with properly managing whatever types of peaks happen here in the fall, that those type of procedures will get priority.
Matthew Stephan Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Got it. And then a follow-up, if I could, just on you've mentioned ICU beds and hospital, acute care centers as a safe as of service and procedures. Maybe if you could talk about alternate site, ASCs, wound care. If you're seeing anything there and remind us kind of how that mix impacts your business that's baked into your expectations?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. So good question. So we have in our chronic wound care business, which is the AWC, Advanced Wound Care, business. Some parts of our instruments business and parts of our plastic and reconstructive areas, all deal with ASC surgical centers or actually doctors' offices. And so as you can imagine in the hotspots, New York and LA, the Coast and south Chicago, through the beginning of this until up to the end of April, those were very limited cases as well. Now they're not hampered by hospitals and those capabilities. So we're starting to see some of those procedures come back. I would say, as Glenn mentioned, orthopedics would probably be one of the laggards. But at that even at that standpoint with our Extremity Orthopedics business, most of those are done actually outside of the hospital. And so we have confidence that we're going to be able to see those come back at a reasonable rate. I would also say that on the chronic wound care front, many areas, we're basically trying to have patients stay at home and do what they can with more technology-type solutions. But what that means is there are many patients that were delayed for a period of time that may actually have more acute issues to deal with. That's the hypothesis. We'll see how that plays. We're assuming that we'll start seeing volumes pick up again on a sequential rate for that as well. But the reality of it is the majority of our revenues are still driven by inpatient procedures.
Matthew Stephan Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Thanks for the color.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question will comes from Kaila Krum with SunTrust. Please go ahead.
Kaila Paige Krum -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
All right, thanks guys for taking our questions. And for all the detail and transparency on the covenant past. So can you just talk a little bit about your neurosurgery business? I mean you have a mix of business that's moderate or more urgent, but you have some exposure on the capital side, which is more deferrable. So would you just talk through sort of the puts and takes in that business? And what you're assuming as it relates to the capex environment later this year?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. Maybe I'll give a little bit of a comment and then Glenn or Carrie, you guys can jump in and see if anything. I'd say if you look at the chart that we went through, I think the chart I think it was page 10 or so on the deck that implications for revenue profile, does a nice job of framing up between more urgent and more deferrable. And if you think of our neurosurgery business, our CSS business, which has instruments in it, obviously, capital, which includes the CUSA, the tissue ablation products, lighting and Mayfield, those clearly could be viewed as more deferrable. Now that being said, there are small capital purchase items, some of these are a $20,000, $30,000, some of these are a couple of hundred thousand. They're not a $2 million object. So we believe that there's obviously a level of deferability that's tied to how big the capital items are. But our assumptions are that those are going to be delayed through the majority of the year. If you think about dural access and CUSA disposables, these are the products that are used to do a craniotomy, to remove the tumor. They're the disposables used in the case. We're the market leader in all of those. And so those are on the shelf. So as we see those move through our sales, that gives us pretty good insights and confidence on the cases coming back. And to my the point that I made earlier, if you have a malignant tumor, you'll lean obviously more to more urgent, but some of those can even be delayed 30 days. If you have a benign tumor, someone could make a decision that it's not pressing on anything that would cause damage for 60 days, they may hold you off. And I think that's what we're seeing. CSF Management are managing the pressure you're bringing. There are different levels of it. A child that may have a hydrocephalus issue can be deemed very urgent as well as certain adult patients. So we see those cases taking place more and in many cases, don't need any type of ICU follow-up for the most part. So those are more enabled. And then things such as instruments, as an example, we show spanning a broader area. Why? Well, some of our more deferrables could be into individual doctor or dentist office. While some of the more urgent ones are instruments that are actually being used in potentially COVID patients or some of these urgent procedures. So that's kind of our view of it and the mix. But the key part for neurosurgery is you want to start a neuro procedure when you know you have a corresponding ICU bed to move the patient to. And we're now starting to see that open up, where that, for the most part of June excuse me, April was not available.
Kaila Paige Krum -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Got it. That makes a ton of sense. It's a lot of great color. So you mentioned, I guess, with a $20 million to $25 million impact in the first quarter. But also a lot of your procedures, like you mentioned, can't be preferred beyond 90 days. So how are you thinking about those procedures sort of coming back? Are you seeing any signs of that yet?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Glenn, you do want to comment?
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Yes. So I would just say to the point, yes, we are starting to see these procedures come back in early May. It will be gradual as ICU beds open up. And that's part of our whole modeling and scenario that we've outlined here in terms of why Q2 back half of the quarter should be better than the first half. And how we get better into the third quarter. So we are starting to see the recovery. It will be gradual, and we do expect that to continue really throughout the rest of the year.
Kaila Paige Krum -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Great, thank you guys.
Operator
Thank you. And next, we will hear from Robbie Marcus with JPMorgan. Please go ahead.
Lilia-Celine Breton Lozada -- JP Morgan Chase & Co -- Analyst
Hi, thank you. This is actually Lilli on for Robbie. Thanks for taking the question. And we are working very, good morning. You're implementing fairly strong expense control measures. Do you think that this will impact your ability to ramp up and compete in the second half of the year and in 2021.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. Why don't you Carrie, why don't you go ahead and comment.
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. I would say, I think we have in everything we've done, really taken the most aggressive stance on discretionary spending and so we flex that pretty hard. Obviously, we can unflex that, we can turn the flex back on pretty rapidly. We have really tried to protect and preserve full-time jobs. And so we think that is a great factor that's going to allow us to recover. So I think in terms of the spectrum of cost actions that we've done, I would say the there's nothing that we can't turn and flex back on when we need to. And I would say that as we've looked at the prioritization of our spending cuts and what we want to preserve for spending, we have really tried to prioritize and protect critical R&D and clinical programs as well as even in our plan. So as I think about the average 20% to 25%, our reduction across our facilities, even then and I'll ask Glenn, maybe to talk a little bit more about this, it wasn't a peanut-butter spread. It was really very plant by plant specific in terms of the actions we took at the plants because in some cases, we were below safety stocks, particularly on our regenerative tissue products. And so those are the areas where we'll continue to build some inventory because we do expect to be able to to see some recovery in those areas and we want to take advantage of of getting our inventory levels back to where we need. Glenn, maybe you can talk a little bit about the approach we've taken on the manufacturing facilities.
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Yes, sure. So we have about 17 manufacturing sites, not all as equal each of the sites, to Carrie's point. And certain plants like Boston and Memphis, which are regenerative plants we make in and out of tissue in Memphis. SurgiMend used for hernia as well as in plastic reconstructive along with PriMatrix for wound care in Boston. Those plants are pretty much running normal capacity. And during this period of lower demand, we're actually building safety stock. These are going to be products that we should see very good growth when things come back to normal, when we get the regular procedures. So double-digit growth we were posting last year. We continue to expect that. Once we get back to normal, we're going to have plenty of safety stock to support that ramp when it comes back. So that's the good news. The other point I would highlight is during this period and our recovery is making sure our reps are carefully taken care of every medicine. So we've done some things to shore up the financial incentives for our reps to get through this period. And then when we do see the ramp back, we'll recover even faster. We obviously continue to make sure we've got all the personal protective equipment for our field, for our office-based employees when they come back, and so that's obviously been a priority for us as well, so that we can come back into a normal routine and as quickly as possible.
Lilia-Celine Breton Lozada -- JP Morgan Chase & Co -- Analyst
Great. And one more quick one. You have a fairly robust pipeline. How should we be thinking about the potential delays to new product launches?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. I'd say, on the pipeline any of the critical programs that we deem environmentally, we could keep moving, what do I mean by that? A clinical study that doctors weren't doing procedures. Obviously, we would delay. And in some of those cases, some of those studies might played out a few months based on that. We'll see how that plays out here in the summer. With critical R&D programs, particularly acquisitions that we recently made, technology rebound into the stroke market as well as different products that we utilize for catheter technologies, monitoring technologies. All those are advancing in our remote approach or with specific engineers on-site and select locations to keep them moving forward. So those are areas that we clearly focused on preserving and keeping them going. So at this point in time, I don't see any substantial impact to our pipeline plans.
Lilia-Celine Breton Lozada -- JP Morgan Chase & Co -- Analyst
Great, thanks so much.
Operator
Thank you. And next, we'll hear from Shagun Singh with Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.
Shagun Singh Chadha -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Thank you so much for taking the question. So I guess I was just wondering if you guys can share any data with respect to the backlog you may be seeing in neurosurgery versus regen versus ortho? What percentage of procedures are being rescheduled how far or canceled? And then I guess the second question is, the slide that you gave was pretty helpful with respect to the recovery leaders versus laggards. What kind of trends are you seeing in those categories in May? And what percentage of total sales kind of falls within those three categories?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
So Shagun, I'll comment a little bit on the first part. And maybe, Carrie, you can comment a little bit about how the percentage of the business falls into the categories. But I would say, Shagun, at this point, we're not in a position to kind of give any details relative to how we would see what's built up in pent demand. I mean our discussions with surgeons as well as the sourcing teams at different hospitals, I think they're still trying to decide that question themselves. There's clearly a neurosurgery, a list of patients that have been deferred in certain areas. So that's a little bit more of a clear pathway to say when our traumatic brain injuries, burns and trauma are going to come back with the economy opening up. And then it's trickier as well with the things, such as chronic wound care. I'm sure you've seen as well as others about institutions putting out ads and components safe to come back. We have green zones. I would say, we are starting to see the sequential uplift that we had hoped for in May. Again, why it gives us confidence that we'll continue to see that. But I think broader than that, we really don't have a lot of details to share. Carrie, do you want to talk a little bit about the thoughts on the revenue profile and the implications as you've laid them out?
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. Shagun, I would say that the slide that we presented, it didn't have the vertical lines on it to clearly indicate that something within one bucket versus the other. It is very much a sliding scale and will be very much influenced by the factors that we note on slide Number 11, that are considerations for the pace of recovery. I would just say, our capital is probably about 10% of our revenue, as an indication, there was a question on the capital piece. And then you're going to do a big spectrum. We give you the disaggregated revenue on some of the buckets like ortho, you can get to what that is a percent of our sales. But the majority of our portfolio really falls in the middle and that moderately urgent and will be very dependent on really key three factors, which is the ICU bed availability, the OR availability as well as patients' confidence coming back. And really, I guess, the fourth factor is essentially the stay at home and shelter in place is being lifted. And all of that will determine the ICU bed availability, OR as well as patients' confidence. So I would say the bulk of our portfolio is going to sit there somewhere in the middle. And then we've got the two tails that are on the more urgent and the more deferrable side. But certainly, the bulk of the portfolio looks at somewhere in that hiding scale of moderately urgent.
Shagun Singh Chadha -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
I got it, thank you so much.
Operator
And next, we'll hear from Dave Turkaly with JMP Securities. Please go ahead.
David Louis Turkaly -- JMP Securities -- Analyst
Thanks. I love the slide on the page 10. Actually, I tried to create a similar matrix for my coverage universe, and I got some right and some really wrong in this new nonelective but deferrable world. So that's helpful. We look at your private label, and I do want to sort of space out a bit in that moderately urgent category. I'm just curious, how much of the orders there are kind of locked in? Or how is the visibility on that part of the business?
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Dave, it's Glenn. I mean we have good line of sight and visibility into private label. These are long-term partnerships. We use to get the orders a quarter or two in advance of when customers need actual product. And in the first quarter, we held up quite well because we had the orders in hand in Q4. Having said that, some of the demand and the forecast that we're getting from our larger private label partners will likely modify in the second quarter because things have changed. And so while we have, obviously, firm commitments and forecasts for our private label partners, we'll likely be working with them here in the second quarter to adjust to what they're seeing in the marketplace. But we do have good line of sight and visibility to it. Normally, we would have a bit of long-term loss forecast in orders. But just given the unique circumstances we're dealing with, we're going to have to be flexible with our private label partners and make some adjustments based on what they're seeing in the marketplace.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
And I think it's fair to say, Dave, that it's a diversified portfolio, right? We don't control the end markets, but we have some insights into them from dental procedures that at some point they're going to have to pick up and orthopedic procedures, probably closer to the more deferrable side of things, to products that are used to reduce infection of a central line or pick line or being used in other areas of wound excuse me, but tissue reconstruction. So at the end of the day, it positions in that area. This is one that was a rebound that everyone is expecting, we think that's properly positioned. If obviously, things lasted a whole lot longer than probably our private label, which has got a little bit more in the deferrable range. But that's not what we're seeing right now, mainly because of the diversification of the procedures that feed into it.
David Louis Turkaly -- JMP Securities -- Analyst
Got it. One quick financial follow-up. The the $4.7 million COVID-related charges. I just wondered if you could comment on exactly what that was.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Carrie, you want to take that?
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Absolutely. So $4.7 million the COVID onetime related charges. And I would say the 80% of that had to do with incremental reserves we took on inventory and accounts receivable doubtful accounts. So let me give you some context of that. So as we work through our balance sheet in our quarter with our auditors, we look at, given the environment of sales rapidly declining, really understanding risk of expiry product over the next two to three months. And so taking a look at what additional reserves we would likely need as a result of that kind of environment. The AR reserves, really looking at our aged receivables as of 3/31. And though I would say, we didn't see a dramatic slowdown of customer payments at the end of the quarter, we do expect, again, with the financial stream that's been placed in the economy that it could create some issues for some of our customers. So taking a different lens on our aged receivables and with particular focus on Europe and certainly some of particular countries in Europe, like Italy, looking at those and determining whether or not we needed additional reserves. So obviously, we'll continue to look at us as sales do continue to pick up. And we find ourselves working through a lot of that inventory. Then I would say we'll reverse those and it will go through to the special charges as well. And then the remaining piece, so that was about 80% was those incremental reserves on inventory and AR. And the remaining piece, which is around $900,000 was related to incremental charges for PP&E, cleaning of facilities, expedited freight, cancellation charges. Hopefully, that's helpful to you.
David Louis Turkaly -- JMP Securities -- Analyst
Yeah. Thank you.
Operator
And we will take our next question from Matt Taylor with UBS. Please go ahead.
Xuyang Li -- UBS Investment Bank -- Analyst
Good morning. Hi. This is Young on for Matt. Maybe just the first one. I think your comments on Germany and the Chinese market stabilizing and recovering. Just wondering how much do you think you can read-through their recovery for the U.S. market? Are you assuming similar recovery curves and trends in the U.S., maybe just a few months later? If you can provide some color, that would be helpful.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes, Matt, so I think your question is what kind of read-through that we could see from Germany and China and the implications into the United States. I think there's some, in particular around probably more Germany than China. But I think as Glenn comment and I have then commented a few minutes here. China, we definitely remain optimistic about the recovery. And particularly at this point about when you're locked down on neurosurgery, what are some of the first procedures to come back that need ICU beds, we're definitely seeing that neurosurgery gets more of a priority view there. But Glenn, maybe you want to comment since obviously, you run all overall international.
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Yes. I would say as it relates to China, we're probably seeing something close to 80% to 85% of procedures coming back at this point. As you know, pretty much February and March was shut off. So that's an encouraging sign. Japan, well we've seen some fall off in procedures. We're still in that 80% to 85% range as well. And so I would say those two markets are actually holding up quite well, along with Canada and Australia. Europe is a mixed bag for us right now. I mean Germany looks like it's about 80% to 85% of normal procedures. That's doing quite well. Obviously, a very strong healthcare system there. But other markets like Spain, the U.K. and Italy, we're still lagging. So country by country, it's mixed bag, and it's largely dependent upon how hard we have been hit with the virus. I would say, even in Italy though, now we're starting to see some signs of recovery in the southern part of Italy. So things are coming along here, market by market, country by country, it's different. But overall, we actually held on quite nicely in the first quarter. You saw we put up almost 7% organic growth. We were on pace to do double-digit organic growth. So really good momentum in our international business before COVID-19 hit. And then obviously, if you look at April results, the international business is not down as much as the overall company. So that's how we see things outside of the U.S. at the moment.
Xuyang Li -- UBS Investment Bank -- Analyst
Okay, great. That's really helpful color. I guess maybe another question on M&A. Just understanding your focus on cash and expense control in the short term. Just wondering when do you think you can focus on M&A again? And maybe your thoughts on valuation of strategic assets?
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Yes. Look, from an M&A standpoint, as we came into this, we had a significant pipeline of opportunities. As we've talked about before, we're primarily focused on tuck-in acquisitions. But I would say during the time period, it's given us an opportunity to take a hard look and think about our broader portfolio, which we've spent some time on. It's also a window where we'll see where valuations go. I think it's no secret, in public market valuations were quite high. Some of the private followed as well. And so we believe we're in a good position. One of the reasons that we were aggressive on our cost moves and all of our actions is that we want to obviously keep the company in a very strong position. One is to take advantage of the rebound that we see coming. But secondly, be in a position to take advantage of the right types of M&A or actually partnership opportunities that may come up around the world. So I think I'll leave the comments at that.
Xuyang Li -- UBS Investment Bank -- Analyst
Okay, thank you.
Operator
And our next question will come from Ryan Zimmerman with BTIG. Please go ahead.
Ryan Benjamin Zimmerman -- BTIG -- Analyst
Hi, thanks for taking the questions. A couple from me, maybe not related to what's been asked before. Number one, it's question you get asked from time to time. I'm just wondering if your outlook on extremity also has changed a little bit over this time period. I mean you certainly have WMGI being acquired by Stryker and the business is going to be under pressure because of the pandemic. Does it still make sense in your portfolio right now and or over time, that's the question.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes, Ryan, thanks for the question. I think, obviously, when you start taking to look at elective-based procedures in a world where you're debating what is slightly urgent or more emerging, it brings that question up. But we still believe that this orthopedic segment of any of the segments in orthopedics is the area where there's the most future growth potential, I'd say that's one. And that hasn't changed. I think secondly, it's really the primary area that has more synergies with some of the tissue products, whether it be tendon repair, nerve repair and such, which is why that it does make sense. But we believe that continuing to add scale will be important. And I think as other integrations and acquisitions take place, I mean that will be part of us taking a crucial look at where the market is heading and can we add more scale within the business at the right time. So I would say that from our time horizon and thinking of the business, nothing and COVID has fundamentally changed how we think about the business at this time.
Ryan Benjamin Zimmerman -- BTIG -- Analyst
Okay. That's fair. And then, Carrie, on gross margin dynamics. The manufacturing sites have certainly helped gross margins over the past couple of quarters, particularly on regener side. So I was just wondering how you're thinking about gross margin going forward with the pandemic impact measured against what you've invested in from a manufacturing perspective?
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. Yes, a couple of thoughts on that. One, obviously, if I think about the first quarter, we ended with a gross margin at 68%, which is really it was not what we expected. We expected that to be much better. And that was really driven by unfavorable mix. We had the international side of the business, actually still delivering really nice growth, close to 7% organic growth. And that meant the U.S. basically declined organically in the quarter. And so that mix really tempered our gross margin performance, and we didn't see the year-over-year improvement we expected. As you think about the second quarter, I don't see I don't expect to see that dramatic of a mix issue for us in the second quarter. The first quarter international performance really held up quite well because of our indirect model, in particular, international markets like China as an example. And that will balance out probably more in the second quarter as we see some declines, both on the international side as well as the U.S. side. But as it relates to Q2 gross margins, given the relatively high fixed cost nature of our business, we would expect a high decrement margin rate on the lost revenue that would impact the gross margin even with a reduction of labor hours of 20% to 25%. So as you compare to 68% gross margin in Q1, you could get to certain revenue scenarios that we've given you some data points on April. You've heard some comments from Pete and Glenn that I think you could get to a gross margin in about the 60% region in Q2. I hope that we'll do better than that. I hope that our revenue comes in a bit stronger. But given some of the comments that Pete and Glenn have made on the quarter for Q2 and where we landed for April, I think you will see an impact to gross margins for certain in Q2.
Ryan Benjamin Zimmerman -- BTIG -- Analyst
Thank you very much, appreciate the call
Operator
And our next question will come from Steven Lichtman with Oppenheimer. Yes, go ahead, sir.
Steven Michael Lichtman -- Oppenheimer & Co -- Analyst
Thank you. Hi guys. Overall growth in 1Q in neurosurgery, looked like it held up versus recent trends despite the obvious falloff. So I'm wondering if the core business was running ahead, heading into mid-March. I know you called out Japan, which has held up relatively well. And of course, you got momentum there. Was that a factor in neuro holding up? Just any underlying comments on that business would be helpful.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Carrie, you want to start? And then maybe, Glenn, you can add some color to it.
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. Glenn, I'll have you start first, if that's OK?
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Yes. Sure. So Steve, in terms of Q1, our core business was actually doing quite well up until mid-March. We're actually trending ahead, both on the CSS and neuro side as well as the OTT side of our business. So you saw one chart that Pete went through during his prepared remarks, our orders were up our sales were up very nicely through mid-March. So even though we saw a pretty substantial decline in the back half of the month, the numbers that we put up for the quarter were actually pretty good overall. We look at neuro still growing mid-single digits. Obviously, we saw the impact in our instruments business. And then outside the U.S., we held up quite well all the way through the end of the quarter, which would have even been better had things not transpire to COVID-19 outside of the U.S. But we were, in fact, trending in our core business ahead of our plan up until mid-March.
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. And I would add, as I mentioned before, on the international side, it's a combination of Japan really holding up. We continue to see some nice results there in our DuraGen product there, that we had launched in mid-2019 and the indirect model, I mentioned, as really some of our distributors are really concerned about borders closing with the spread of COVID. So certainly, there were some advanced orders coming in Q1 that will obviously correct yourselves a little bit in Q2. And that's why we have in the April performance, you see the international performance is negative 35% there in the April month there. So but I would, across the board, say that we were trending actually quite well on the wound reconstruction side for the OTT side of the business, seeing a low double-digit growth with some of that supply being corrected out of Memphis and in Boston. So really seeing some nice growth there overall as well.
Steven Michael Lichtman -- Oppenheimer & Co -- Analyst
And then just one quick product-related question actually. Does any COVID-19 impact on the regulatory processes impact your thought on CereLink reentry. I know you were thinking the 510 k would be needed. Any changes on when you think that product could come back?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Steve, you broke up. Can you just repeat the question one more time?
Steven Michael Lichtman -- Oppenheimer & Co -- Analyst
Yes. I'm sorry, Pete. Just on any product relative to COVID-19 impact on regulatory, does it impact your thought on CereLink reentry? I know you're thinking about a 510 k would be needed.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. So the short answer is we've actually had good response and timing discussions with the agency, and so we haven't had any effects at this point in time with any of our key products. Obviously, even some of the delay of EU MDR is helpful relative to resource management. And I would say specifically to CereLink, where we're talking beginning in 2021 launch. No, the dates have not been negatively impacted.
Steven Michael Lichtman -- Oppenheimer & Co -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
And our next question will come from Matthew O'brien with Piper Sandler. Please go ahead.
Matthew Oliver O'Brien -- Piper Sandler & Co -- Analyst
Good morning. We're getting a little bit late in the call here, so I'll just stick with one. The commentary on Q2 and Q3, I think, are largely as expected, with the declines that you're anticipating. I think the Q4 commentary is a little bit different than we're hearing from most other med tech names. So I know you talked about this a little bit with Raj's question. But what headwinds did really need to happen? Is it a pricing headwind or all the capital being 0 in Q4 for you to kind of hit that base-case scenario? And then what would need to happen for you to deliver some upside in numbers or to the growth profile versus what you're laying out in the base case in Q4?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Matt, I think relative to our base case, the first part is that we see sequential improvements within, obviously, primarily neurosurgery, but also across the portfolio, which we believe that, that's going to take place. I think from a more silo level that as the society opens up, that we plan on actually seeing more traumatic brain injury, more fundamental trauma, the things that happen in everyday life that don't happen when majority people are staying at home. I think the variability between getting to a Q4 level and outperforming in Q4 level is a couple of things. One is, how much normalcy is back into the system. I think that's key. Relative to the tissue side of the business, we actually have some really great opportunities in hernia repair, breast reconstruction, the orthopedics we talked about. And I would say we are planning in our model that the recoveries take longer for those areas out until the end of this year. The businesses open up faster, all of the countries around the world are getting back to a more normal level of procedures. I won't say necessarily life as we know it, but procedures then we think there's potential upside. But we're trying to be, I'd say, appropriately cautious about how we think about it. And by the time we have our next call and we're into July, we'll have a much better view of what that slope looks like. The fact that a large percentage of our revenue is tied to hospitals and ICU beds, that's something that we keep a sharp eye on. But again, if I compare with some place in March to April, so what could happen in the fall, I just think our country as well as other countries around the world are going to be much more better prepared to kind of manage what the curve looks like. And so the need to basically shut down all ICUs, we think that risk is lower. Obviously, we'll see how that plays out, which would bode well for continued neurosurgery procedures and green zone components of hospitals. So that's kind of the range as we see it. But in the near term, it's about neuro, trauma, TBI is getting back to business. In longer term, it's about adding those things that we talk is more deferrable back into the pool.
Matthew Oliver O'Brien -- Piper Sandler & Co -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
And we will take our final question from Jayson Bedford with Raymond James. Please go ahead.
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Hi, Jason.
Jayson Tyler Bedford -- Raymond James & Associates -- Analyst
Hey, good morning. Just a couple of quick questions. The 30% reduction in opex sequentially, what percent of your opex is variable versus fixed?
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Carrie, you want to answer it?
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. 60% is fixed and 40% is variable. But understand that the cost actions we did take actually impacted some of those fixed buckets as well. So when we talk about some of the reduced work hour weeks and the pay cuts that we did enact, that would be part of the fixed bucket. So that's where the 30% overall of the operating expenses gives you a more complete story in terms of what we targeted.
Jayson Tyler Bedford -- Raymond James & Associates -- Analyst
Right. Okay. That's helpful. And then you mentioned in answering the question, 60-ish percent gross margin in 2Q potentially. Just for clarification, is this based on the down 45% in April with modest improvement in May or June? Or does the gross margin...
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Yes. So I would say if you're in somewhere in the low $200 million for Q2, that's where essentially, you're talking about a 60% gross margin. If you can get to mid-200s, then you're obviously we would expect gross margins to start to see some improvements. So it definitely depends on your view of what May and June looks like. Again, like Glenn and Pete had given you some indications that we do expect some improvement. But I would say, the 60% is more of modest recovery in May and June. It doesn't assume 45% for the entire quarter. But I would say it's from my perspective, it's a more conservative view of gross margin until I have more experience of what our P&L looks like as we continue to close our books for April.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 72 minutes
Call participants:
Michael Beaulieu -- Chartered Financial Analyst
Peter Arduini -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Carrie Anderson -- Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
Glenn G. Coleman -- Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer
Rajbir Singh Denhoy -- Jefferies -- Analyst
Matthew Stephan Miksic -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Kaila Paige Krum -- SunTrust Robinson Humphrey -- Analyst
Lilia-Celine Breton Lozada -- JP Morgan Chase & Co -- Analyst
Shagun Singh Chadha -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
David Louis Turkaly -- JMP Securities -- Analyst
Xuyang Li -- UBS Investment Bank -- Analyst
Ryan Benjamin Zimmerman -- BTIG -- Analyst
Steven Michael Lichtman -- Oppenheimer & Co -- Analyst
Matthew Oliver O'Brien -- Piper Sandler & Co -- Analyst
Jayson Tyler Bedford -- Raymond James & Associates -- Analyst
