C3.ai (AI) Q2 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

C3.ai (AI 3.02%)
Q2 2024 Earnings Call
Dec 06, 2023, 5:00 p.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the C3.ai second quarter fiscal year '24 conference call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentations, there'll be a question-and-answer session.

[Operator instructions] Please be advised that today's call is being recorded. I'll now turn the conference over to your host, Mr. Amit Berry. Please begin.

Amit Berry -- Investor Relations

Good afternoon and welcome to C3.ai's earnings call for the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, which ended on October 31, 2023. My name is Amit Berry, and I lead investor relations at C3.ai. With me on the call today is Tom Siebel, chairman and chief executive officer; and Juho Parkkinen, chief financial officer. After the market closed today, we issued a press release with details regarding our second quarter results, as well as a supplemental to our results, both of which can be accessed through the investor relations section of our website at ir.c3.ai.

This call is being webcast, and a replay will be available on our IR website following the conclusion of the call. During today's call, we will make statements related to our business that may be considered forward-looking under federal securities laws. These statements reflect our views only as of today and should not be considered representative of our views as of any subsequent date. We disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statement or outlook.

These statements are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. For a further discussion of the material risks and other important factors that could affect our actual results, please refer to our filings with the SEC. All figures will be discussed on a non-GAAP basis unless otherwise noted. Also, during the course of today's call, we will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures.

A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP measures is included in our press release. Finally, at times in our prepared remarks, in response to your questions, we may discuss metrics that are incremental to our usual presentation to give greater insight into the dynamics of our business or our quarterly results. Please be advised that we may or may not continue to provide this additional detail in the future. And with that, let me turn the call over to Tom.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Amit. Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining our call today. Results. Bottom line, we continue to accelerate our revenue growth and our customer engagement count and continue to gain traction with C3 Generative AI and our enterprise AI applications in the second quarter.

Total revenue for the second quarter was 73.2 million, an increase of 17% compared to 62.4 million one year ago and accelerating from an 11% increase in the first quarter. The total number of customer engagements was 404, an increase of 81% compared to 223 last quarter. North American revenue of 61.2 million increased 28% year over year, while EMEA revenue of 10.6 million decreased 11% year over year and federal revenue increased 100% year over year. Subscription revenue for the quarter was 66.4 million, constituting 91% of total revenue and increasing 12% from a year ago.

GAAP gross profit for the quarter was 41.1 million, representing a 56% gross margin. Our non-GAAP gross profit for the quarter was 50.4 million, representing a 69% non-GAAP gross margin. Our GAAP net loss per share was -- the loss was $0.59, and non-GAAP net loss per share was $0.13. We ended the quarter with 762.3 million in cash, cash equivalents, and investments.

C3.ai's partner ecosystem continues to drive significant growth. In Q2, the company can close -- the company closed 40 agreements through our partner network, including AWS, Booz Allen, Baker Hughes, Google Cloud, and Microsoft. The qualified opportunity pipeline with partners has increased by 75% in the past year. We signed new and expanded agreements with Nucor Corporation; Roche; Con Edison; Hewlett Packard Enterprise; GSK, formerly SmithKline; the United States Navy; the Administration for Children and Families, a division of Health and Human Services; Indorama; and First Bank, among others.

Over the past several months, C3.ai has helped Nucor, the largest steel producer in the United States, to better optimize caster production schedules, specifically to improve production levels and reduce cost levels in the steel casting process. C3.ai is now helping Nucor scale this across several additional mills. In Q2, C3.ai also kicked off two new additional use cases at Nucor, tackling process optimization and demand forecasting, and we also completed a C3 Generative AI pilot, targeting operational health and safety. GSK, formerly GlaxoSmithKline, is now using C3.ai supply chain suite to increase efficiency in its supply chain, using AI to optimize yield and improve demand forecasting processes.

Con Edison, a C3 customer since 2017, continues to expand its use of the C3.ai applications, most recently by adding C3 Generative AI. Con Ed is using C3 Generative AI to help workers quickly find answers to questions and analyses related to smart meters, service levels, and infrastructure data. In the second quarter, Con Edison completed two pilots of C3 Generative AI, which have now converted to production. We also continue to expand our footprint in state and local governments, with a particular interest in C3 AI Law Enforcement from San Mateo County, California, and C3 AI Residential Property Appraisal from Stark County, Ohio and Charlotte County, Florida.

Our federal business continues to show significant strength, with bookings up 187% year over year. We closed new and expanded deals with the United States Navy, the Intelligence Community, Joint Staff J8, the Defense Logistics Agency, and the Administration for Children and Families. We've talked many times about our success -- our successes in helping to monetize -- or to modernize, sorry, the Department of Defense, and we're proud now to say that our products are helping civilian government agencies as well. This quarter, we began work with the Administration for Children and Families, a division of the U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services. The agreement with C3.ai was part of their first order under a $90 million purchase -- blanket purchase agreement. And this part of AFC's -- ACF's work involves helping unaccompanied children who crossed the U.S. border find temporary shelter and permanent homes.

Our platform will be used in complex modeling and predictive analytics at ACF to help them keep track of the number of unaccompanied children in the agency's care, staffing needs, and determine how long these children are with their case managers, among other tasks. C3.ai continues to leverage its extensive commercial supply chain experience in the federal government. It is now applying this experience with the defense sector with the C3 AI Contested Logistics Application for TRANSCOM and for DLA. During the quarter, C3.ai converted two Defense Logistics Agency pilots into follow-on projects for the Department of Defense.

The first project delivers common operating picture of the supply chain for DOD and enables leaders at multiple echelons to see in near real time their global Class IX supply posture. The application unifies disparate supply data and provides the Defense Logistics Agency the ability to identify supply chain inefficiencies, forecast parts consumption and parts shortage, and conduct impact assessments and put into place mitigation plans. The second project supports DLA's energy directorate, leveraging C3.ai's commercial expertise in the oil and gas sector. The C3 AI Contested Logistics Application modernize -- modernizes and streamlines global fuel distribution for the Department of Defense.

Users can see global fuel inventories, anticipate fuel consumption, identify supply network risks, and create distribution and transportation plans to prevent disruption and ensure supply. These applications promise to significantly impact the efficiency of the Department of Defense logistics enterprise and improve readiness. Our partnership with AWS deepened with an expanded strategic collaboration agreement in the quarter, OK, and the availability of our new no-code, self-service generative AI applications, C3 Generative AI, now available on the AWS Marketplace. I think we announced that last week.

This new application allows customers -- users of all technical levels to begin using generative AI within minutes of signing up. And this application, C3 Generative AI, is now available to you on the AWS Marketplace under a 14-day free trial, and so I encourage you to take a look at it for those of you who are interested. Under the expanded collaboration agreement with AWS, we're focusing on offering advanced generative AI solutions, combined with what they're doing in Bedrock, OK, and other initiatives, for enterprises and for AI applications for customers in multiple verticals, including manufacturing, power and utilities, consumer packaged goods, state and local government, and the federal government. C3.ai and AWS' joint qualified pipeline has more than doubled year over year, with heightened interest in the C3 Generative AI suite.

In Q2, C3.ai has been recognized multiple times for its innovation in the AI space. We've been named to the Fortune 50 AI Innovators list, and the list kind of goes on and on. So, I'm not going to belabor that. We get recognized all the time.

Pilot growth, this is important. In Q2, we closed 62 agreements, including 36 pilots and trials. Our new pilot count is up 270% from a year ago. Notably, 20 of these were generative AI pilots, a 150% increase from Q1.

With the lower entry price points of our pilots, we are more easily able to land new accounts. With our pilots, we are engaging customers across a diverse set of industries. In this quarter, our pilots came from manufacturing, federal, defense, aerospace, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. Now, we did see sales headwinds in the quarter, OK? While the interest in AI applications, and especially generative AI, is growing substantially, we're also seeing, in many cases, lengthening decision cycles.

Virtually, every company, OK, in the last three to six months has created a new AI governance function as part of its decision-making process. These AI governance functions assess and approve those AI applications that will be allowed to be installed in the enterprise. This has candidly added a step to the decision process in AI. You might have heard it here first, OK, but you will be hearing this from every AI vendor, OK, in the next few quarters.

Take it to the bank. It has simply -- it has added a step in the process, it is -- and it is lengthening the normal sales cycle. So, it kind of -- so -- and so this had a -- you know, this provided a sales headwind in the quarter, OK? And while the increased scrutiny lengthens the sales process, we believe that this is a healthy process to ensure that companies are adopting safe and appropriate AI solutions. So, we're all for it, OK.

And, you know, did it, you know, move revenue, you know, a little bit, you know, a click below the center of the range? Yeah, it did, OK? But, you know, get over it. The world's a better place. People are making, you know, very careful, well-informed decisions. They have their best people on it, and we will all be happier for this in the long run.

OK. So, it did -- you know, that dynamic did provide an unexpected headwind to our Q2 sales revenue performance. In addition, our sales execution in Europe was candidly unacceptable, OK? And since then, we've taken -- we've been through our planning meetings and we've taken appropriate organizational steps to immediately improve sales execution in Europe. Now, let's take a look at -- and this is the big story.

This is the top line, OK? And really, what this whole story has been about for the last six or seven quarters has been from the transition from subscription-based pricing to consumption-based pricing. And before we switch to consumption-based pricing, you'll recall, the company was growing at quite a rapid growth rate, like I think seven quarters ago, order of, you know, 38% year-over-year growth rate. So, we were, you know, definitely in the top quartile, OK? And we announced the transition to consumption-based pricing that we believed would be and has become the standard in the industry. OK.

The consumption-based pricing is based upon per virtual CPU or virtual GPU hours, similar to the pricing at Snowflake, Google Cloud, AWS, Microsoft Azure, etc. Prior to this, we were doing large enterprise subscription deals of $1 million, $5 million, $20 million, $50 million. And, you know, it was a good business. That being said, the downside of that model was lumpiness in bookings, lengthy sales cycles, and low levels of revenue predictability.

We believe the transition from a primarily subscription-based pricing model to a consumption-based pricing model brought us into line with what we believe are today the industry standard cloud pricing standards, like making it easier and less costly for new customers to acquire solutions and then increase their spending as their usage and adoption increase. We anticipated and announced when we made that transition that it would have a short to medium negative effect on revenue growth, a long-term drag on RPO as the sales price was significantly reduced and the contracts often lacked a time certain multiperiod commitment. We believed when we made the announcement that the consumption-based pricing model would increase the number of customers and increase the total amount of system consumption, returning -- resulting in a return to increased revenue growth, increased customer growth, decreased average selling price, and decreased RPO over time. Now, while we were still in the process of working through -- completely through this transition to the new pricing model, the preliminary empirical results that we are seeing, evidenced by year-over-year growth rates, appear to be proving out exactly as expected and exactly as we predicted.

Since the transition, revenue growth initially decreased, then it flattened, OK. And now, it is increasing as the consumption-based pricing model take effects -- takes effect. Average selling price has decreased. RPO has decreased.

Customer engagement has increased substantially. OK. If we look back over the last, say, one, two, three, four quarters, four quarters ago, our revenue growth was negative 4% and then 0%. Last quarter, it was 11%.

Now, it's 17%. Bookings growth, 71% year over year -- I'm sorry, bookings growth 100% year over year. New contract growth, 148% year over year, OK. Pilot growth, 50% quarter over quarter, 170% year over year.

So, this is the -- basically the beginning, the middle, and the end of this story, OK? We announced six, seven quarters ago a transition to consumption-based pricing. We predicted that revenue would decline and then flatten and then increase, and we are now seeing these increases that we predicted. So, now, let's talk about generative AI. Generative AI simply changes everything.

OK. I believe that it more than doubles the size of our addressable market overnight. We've all seen the predictions, you know, from Bloomberg that predicts this is a 100 -- you know, this is a, you know, in excess of a trillion -- $1.3 trillion market by 2032. Goldman Sachs predicts that this could increase corporate profits by 30% in the next decade and that generative AI alone could raise the global GDP by 7%.

People, this is a big deal, OK? It is difficult to overestimate the levels of interest that we're seeing in the category of generative AI. Now, by combining our multibillion-dollar, say, 14-year investment in the C3.ai platform with the recent developments in large language models and retrieval-augmented generation, C3.ai is unique in the market in that we are able to solve the disqualifying hobgoblins that are preventing the adoption of generative AI in government, in defense, in intelligence, in the private sector. What are those hobgoblins, OK? Those are the facts that, you know, that the answers that come out of these large language models are stochastic. They're random.

They're not traceable. They -- we have this hallucination problem, which is extraordinarily problematic, OK? We have research, we -- none of our data access controls yet, be it DOD or Bank of America, are enforced. We have these problems with LLM cause data exfiltration, LLM cause cyberthreats and IP liability, OK? In addition, all the solutions that are out there -- almost all of those solutions, I would say, with the exception of AWS Bedrock, tend to be LLM-specific. And I don't think anybody wants to be LLM -- you know, hook their wagon onto any given LLM today with all the innovation that's going on in the market and to be dependent on any LLM provider that could, you know, make some announcement on Friday and be gone on Monday.

See OpenAI for details. So, you know, this is LLM agnostic [Inaudible] to the bottom line is our solution in the market addresses every one of those hobgoblins that prevent the installation of generative AI in the enterprise. And so, this is really unique, and it took 14 years and $2 billion worth of software engineering for us to be ready for this. This is why we can solve it.

So, while the rest of the world is playing catch up, OK, we're -- how about multimodal? I mean, we completely nail multimodal. We've been doing it for 14 years. Multimodal, what does this mean? Rather than -- all these LLM solutions basically handle text, OK? We handle text, we handle telemetry, we handle images, we handle signals. There is -- we handle enterprise data.

We have structured data. We have unstructured data. So, we are unique in the market, and the result is quite exciting. So, while the rest of the world is playing catch up and we have scores of, you know, start-ups, with, you know, three guys, four girls, and two cats in an apartment in San Francisco being -- getting a -- yeah, they're getting, you know, billion-dollar funding and, you know, multibillion-dollar market valuations, see PitchBook for details, OK, we have, you know, I don't know how many customers, we have order of a thousand employees, and I don't know how many countries, and we're delivering these solutions today.

OK And so, while the rest of the world is playing catch up, we're working closely with our customers and new customers to install high-value generative AI solutions that rapidly realize value to their organizations. OK. We believe that our strategic decision to invest in generative AI could address our addressable market opportunity. Our suite of 28, now I think 29, generative AI products wins on reliability, flexibility, adaptability, accuracy, and security, OK, all of the same qualities that are inherent in our enterprise AI platform.

Our vision to expand our customer base is working, OK? The idea, and this is very much the idea about the work that we're doing on the AWS Marketplace, is to go from eight customers to 80 customers to 8,000 customers to 80,000 customers, OK? So, what we're dealing with now is kind of a new game with massive market leverage, and we are the first to market, OK? And we -- so I think we have the opportunity here through our innovation, through our applications that will proliferate across the business. C3 Generative AI has enabled us to land high-caliber new customers and expand agreements with the current customers. The surge of interest led to our C3 Generative AI qualified pipeline increasing -- of new opportunities, increasing 55% sequentially quarter over quarter in the second quarter, representing the most rapid acceleration of all our product offerings. We expect this momentum to grow as we continue to innovate and build increasingly exciting products.

Our November announcement of the self-service C3 Generative AI on the AWS Marketplace plays a big part in this story, potentially expanding our addressable customer pool and our user base exponentially. This new application allows users of all technical levels to enroll in the application and begin productively using generative AI in minutes. OK. Again, this product is available today on the AWS Marketplace should you have interest.

As I introduced last quarter, we made a well-considered decision to seize the immediate and candidly staggering market opportunity and see -- that we see in generative AI. As such, we are making and increasing a sizable and timely investment in application development, model engineering, lead generation, branding, and market awareness to seize market share in generative AI as rapidly as possible. This will put short-term downward pressure on free cash flow and profitability. Closing thoughts.

The generative AI opportunity is staggering. We believe that it is in the best interest of our shareholders to further accelerate our investment in generative AI, deepening our investments in lead generation, branding, market awareness, and customer success. Given our substantial cash balance, we believe it is a strategic imperative to invest further in the generative AI opportunity at this time. Separately, now with the release of our platform version of our 8.3 product line, which is really quite remarkable in terms of the benefits that it brings to our customers and the increase in the performance that it brings to our customers, we have decided to further invest in our customer base to accelerate their upgrade from Version 7 to Version 8.3, which we believe will further increase our customer satisfaction levels that are already quite high.

We continue -- that being said, we continue to expect positive cash flow in Q4. And while we're not giving fiscal year '25 guidance yet, we continue to expect positive cash flow for full year fiscal year '25. C3.ai remains focused. We are one of the few AI software pure-plays that has established relationships; a tried, tested, and proven technology platform; and the reputational equity to capitalize on this generative AI market opportunity.

Now, I'll turn it over -- I'll turn the call over to Juho Parkkinen, our chief financial officer, to talk more about our financial performance and provide guidance for the remainder of the fiscal year. Juho.

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Tom. I will now provide a recap of our Q2 financial results and some additional color on our consumption-based revenue model, which we introduced five quarters ago. Then I'll discuss factors that will drive our financials in the back half of the year. All figures are non-GAAP unless otherwise noted.

Total revenue for the second quarter increased 17.3% year over year to 73.2 million. Subscription revenue increased to 11.7% year over year to 66.4 million and represented 90.7% of total revenue. Professional services revenue was 6.8 million and represented at 9.3% of total revenue. Gross profit for the second quarter was 50.4 million and gross margin was 68.8%.

As a reminder, we continue to expect short-term pressure on our gross margins due to a higher mix of pilots, which carry a greater cost of revenue during the pilot phase of the customer life cycle. Operating loss for the quarter was negative 25 million, compared to our guidance range of negative 27 million to negative 40 million. The improvement in operating loss versus guidance was driven by timing and amounts of the generative AI-related investments we made to capture market share, as well as our team's ongoing focus on disciplined expense management. At the end of Q2, our accounts receivable was 143.2 million, including unbilled receivables of 104.8 million.

The general health of our accounts receivable remained strong. Now, turning to RPO and bookings. Reflecting our transition to consumption-based contracts, we reported second quarter GAAP RPO of 303.6 million, which is down 27.3% from last year; and current GAAP RPO of 170.2 million, which is up 3.5% from last year. We continue to see positive trends in the diversity of our pilot bookings, with 10 industry segments represented in Q2 pilots, as compared to eight in Q1.

Free cash flow for the quarter was negative 55.1 million. We continue to be very well capitalized and close the quarter with 762.3 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. Now, I'll provide an update on our consumption business model for the second quarter. During the quarter, we started 36 pilots, a 50% increase from last quarter.

We are pleased to report that the actual vCPU consumption data that we're seeing from pilot activity has validated the assumptions we made when we transitioned to the consumption-based pricing model five quarters ago. Our pilot conversion rates are trending upwards, are getting close to our target of 70%. At quarter-end, we had cumulatively signed 109 pilots, of which, 103 are still active. This means they are still in their original three- to six-month term, extended for one to two months, converted to consumption or a licensed contract, or are currently being negotiated for a production license.

Finally, our customer engagement count for the quarter was 404, an 81% increase from 223 a year ago. Turning to guidance. As Tom mentioned, we expect Q revenue -- Q3 revenue to range from 74 million to 78 million, a non-GAAP loss from operations to range from negative 40 million to negative 46 million. We remain committed to delivering positive cash flow in Q4 FY '24 and for the full year of fiscal year '25 and non-GAAP profitability in the second half of fiscal '25.

For the full fiscal year '24, we are maintaining our previous revenue guidance in the range of 295 million to 320 million. We are increasing our non-GAAP loss from operations guidance to a range of negative 115 million to negative 135 million. I'd like to turn the call over to the operator to begin the Q&A session. Operator.

Operator.

Questions & Answers:

Operator

Our first question comes from the line of Timothy Horan of Oppenheimer. Your line is open.

Tim Horan -- Oppenheimer and Company -- Analyst

Thanks a lot, guys. Really appreciate the time. Can you give us a sense of what you're seeing with gen AI in terms of productivity improvements? And, you know, what is the major bottleneck that you think customers need to overcome to really start implementing services? Thanks.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

I'm sorry. The question is related to gen AI?

Tim Horan -- Oppenheimer and Company -- Analyst

Yes, specifically on gen AI. You know, what type of productivity improvements do you think customers can see on specific applications and what is the major, you know, bottleneck for them adopting gen AI? Thanks.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

The major bottleneck as it relates to generative AI relates to the problems that are inherent in these large language models, and they're very real. I mean, as you know, if you use ChatGPT or Google Bard, both of which are like excellent products, but the answers tend to be stochastic, OK? So, every time you ask a question, you get a different answer. The -- if it doesn't know the answer, it hallucinates. You know, the data access controls are not enforced, so the CEO and the person on the factory floor get access to the same information.

Or Carnegie Mellon and others are now identifying huge cybersecurity risks that are associated with these large language models to corporations and government entities. We have IP liability problems that people are concerned about because these large language models are trained on and have access to all the data on the internet. This is like weather, you know, stock prices, what have you. And those -- you know, somebody has the copyright to all those data, you know, be it The Weather Company or Bloomberg, and they want to get money.

So, you know, the Quinn Emanuels of the world are going to build big businesses, litigating these issues in the next 10 years. We have -- so there's very real issues. The other issues, it relates to almost all the solutions that are being offered are LLM-specific. And, you know, in, say, December 2023, to hook your wagon onto any specific LLM is kind of crazy because next week, somebody is going to leapfrog it by a factor of 10.

So, you need to be able to switch. You need to be LLM agnostic. So, I think those are really the hobgoblins, cybersecurity, hallucination, information security, that are basically making it -- so many organizations will not allow the -- any generative AI application to be installed. What's unique about the C3.ai solution is, and we can talk about this some other time or you can look it up on the internet, but by combining it with the 14 years of work that we did with the C3.ai platform, we've addressed all those problems: cybersecurity, data security, hallucination, what have you.

So, I think that's the hobgoblins. Now, the -- that's what slows things down, and people need to be satisfied until those issues are resolved. And if they're not resolved, you're not being installed in some -- at any reasonable organization like General Motors or, you know, JPMorgan Chase, or you name it, OK? Now, as it relates to the productivity increases, holy moly, they're going to be staggering, whether you're a lawyer, whether you're a realtor, whether you're a physician, or whether you're running a paper machine, or whether you're operating the infantry or the Space Command. I mean, you -- you know, if you do not have or are not being supercharged by, you know, generative AI, your competition will be.

OK. And if they are and you're not, they win, you lose hard stock.

Tim Horan -- Oppenheimer and Company -- Analyst

So, specifically to your customers, what do you think the bottleneck is for adoption? If you have -- it sounds like you have all these problems pretty much resolved for them. You know, what do you think they require at this point to really start adopting?

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Well, you know, we just -- you know, our sales cycles are pretty fast. Our sales cycles in generative AI has been as close as 24 hours. And basically, our offering is, OK, we'll bring the application live, OK, in one or two months if you like it for, I don't know, $0.25 million or something. And if you like it, keep it.

So, this has to do with people evaluating bond portfolios, people running paper machines, people running steel mills, the Intelligence Community, Missile Defense Agency, others. So, we just -- you know, we -- many of them are existing C3 customers. Although, increasingly, we will be serving -- you know, nine out of 10 will not be existing C3 customers. But, you know, we have to address the concerns that I identified.

We seem to be able to address those. After that, we just bring the application live. We get it live in four to eight weeks, and if they like it, keep it. And so, it's a pretty short sales cycle for us, and you're seeing a very substantial increase in the pilots that we're deploying where you can expect -- we're expecting a pilot-to-production conversion rate of -- you know, it looks like about 70%.

And so, it does look like a big opportunity.

Tim Horan -- Oppenheimer and Company -- Analyst

Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. [Operator instructions] Our next question comes from the line of Mike Cikos of Needham. Your line is open.

Mike Cikos -- Needham and Company -- Analyst

Hey. Thanks for taking the questions here, guys. I wanted to ask first about the subscription gross margins, and this probably goes back to Juho's prepared remarks, but was good to see gross margins actually increase sequentially despite the increased pilot count. And I know that you guys are calling out the short-term pressure just based on the growing mix of pilots.

And so, can you help us think about like what was it that actually went better for you, guys, because I think we were expecting a little bit more degradation in the subscription gross margins versus how you guys -- how the quarter actually came through?

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Mike. This is Juho. So, yeah, in the big picture, as we announced five quarters ago, as we're seeing, we are expecting the gross margin degradation for the subscription to continue. Now, in the -- in this particular quarter, we were very pleased to see some improvement on a sequential basis, but I think we would expect the flattening to down again on the next quarter as the piloting -- pilot count increases and is going to put pressure before the consumption amounts start picking up and offsetting that.

Mike Cikos -- Needham and Company -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you. If I just shift down to opex for a second as well, I guess a two-parter here. So, first, I know that you guys are increasing the anticipated operating losses here.

Last quarter, we had cited increased investment in like branding and lead gen and awareness, right? So, can you help us think through where you guys are doubling down? And then the second piece there, there was obviously that article that came out in Bloomberg, I think it was in mid to late November, citing headcount costs -- headcount cutting, I'm sorry. So, can you just comment on the validity of the Bloomberg article just because I think people are trying to see if you did make those headcount cuts, how much are we doubling down on these investments, or if that article proved to be false?

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Mike. It's Tom. Doubling down -- we're doubling down on data scientists. We're doubling down on, you know, large language model engineers.

We're doubling down -- you know, a lot of it is going into engineering, but also candidly in lead generation. I mean, there's an opportunity now as we move to these marketplaces to be dealing transactions in hundreds to thousands to tens of thousands of units rather than scores. And that, I can assure you, it's the plan that we have. As it relates to -- I'm not familiar with the Bloomberg article that you talked about.

It sounds like somebody mentioned something that we did some layoffs in the quarter. Mike, we do performance-related layoffs every quarter, OK? And the -- you know, so we -- I think, last quarter, we had 42,000 job applicants. We -- how many people did we hire, Juho? Order of 100?

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

That's right.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Order of 100. And these people, yes, they went to MIT, yes, they worked at Bank of America, yes, they went to Chicago GSB, and they command an F-18 squadron. And so, we're constantly upgrading our human capital, and, you know, we move underperformers out, you know, regularly. So, if somebody said that in a Bloomberg article -- I don't know what they said, what I told you is the truth.

Mike Cikos -- Needham and Company -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you. I'll turn it over to my colleagues, but thank you for the color there.

Operator

Thank you. One moment, please. Our next question comes from the line of Kingsley Crane of Canaccord Genuity. Your line is open.

Kingsley Crane -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Hi. Thanks for taking the question. I wanted to touch on the pilot program. You mentioned that you'd move to a lower entry price point for pilots.

Could you give us a sense of the magnitude of that change? And then has the minimum fee post-pilot also changed? I'm curious what kind of upsell you're seeing upon conversion, if any.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Kingsley. It's Tom. I think the standard pilot that we have with generative AI and the enterprise is like $250,000. But that being said, you can get the, you know, AWS -- generative AI for AWS, which basically handles documents like every other LLM.

It handles texts. It's not really multimodal. But that's free for 14 days. So, that would be pretty available.

Is there a question that you asked that I didn't answer?

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

No, that's right, I think.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

OK.

Kingsley Crane -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

OK. Yes. Thank you. That's helpful.

And I just want to touch on opex as well. So, I think it makes sense that you want to invest more in both LLM engineers and lead gen and looks like that's particularly hitting harder in Q4 of this year. But as we think about fiscal '25, it seems like some of the nature of those investments would naturally continue as you scale in these some large opportunities. So, is it about timing in this year or are you expecting those to continue next year?

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Well, Kingsley, I expect them to continue next year. But if you look at the guidance that we gave you in terms -- about six quarters ago, what we see is the consumption over the first 12 quarters in terms of CPU seconds per new customer. We just did an analysis of, Juho, I don't know, about 30 customers [Inaudible] customers --

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

That's right. Yeah.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

And that -- those data that we predicted, I think, six or seven quarters ago and provided you, it's uncanny in how accurate it is. It's basically plus or minus 10%. And so, if you look, as these things kick in in Quarter 5, 6, 7, and 8, the consumption numbers get pretty big. So, you can expect that you were -- we don't really need to cut back on the investments to get to the point of cash-positive and non-GAAP profitable.

So, the top line kind of takes care of that.

Kingsley Crane -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Makes perfect sense. Thanks, Tom.

Operator

Thank you. One moment, please. Our next question comes from the line of Sanjit Singh of Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Unknown speaker

Great. Thank you. This is [Inaudible] for Sanjit. Tom, maybe starting with you.

I mean, with a couple of quarters of the consumption model now under your belt, clearly, you're seeing a lot of sort of quantity of deals and pilots. Is there any way that you can frame or give us a sense of the quality of those customers that went with the consumption model early on, like, say, any sort of scale in terms of spending or growth profile that they're hitting now that you can kind of shed us some light and give us the quality piece where you've given us, I think, a lot on kind of the quantity piece of those deals? And then for Juho, maybe, could you just give us some color on the subscription revenue versus the services revenue this quarter and then also maybe the partner impact and sort of what that looks like on a go-forward basis? Thank you.

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Sanjit. OK, regarding quality, I think there's only two ways to look at pilot quality. It's going to be what's the conversion rate, OK, and what's -- OK -- and what are they going to consume? OK. Based upon our best guess at this time, OK, based on looking at every pilot we have out there, going to look at what actually has converted and what we think we will convert, we think our estimate that we gave you six or seven quarters ago of 70% is about right.

So, there's one indication of quality. The other indication of quality is how many CPU seconds are they consuming, OK, over as you go from Quarter 0 to Quarter 12. And it's tracking right in line -- I mean, it varies a little bit from one quarter to another, but it's basically right in line with what we told you. The quality is pretty high.

Now, that being said, as we move now to mass markets and start dealing with hundreds or thousands of people just kind of ordering this online and playing with it, you can expect that conversion rate from that level of pilot to be, I would say -- I mean, the quality there will be much lower, OK? And I think we need to measure quality by conversion rate and consumption levels. A lot of those people will try it for five minutes and drop off, and that's just the way that it is with free stuff. Now, the rest of the question, I think, goes to Juho.

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. Right. So, your second part about subscription versus services, so we were 9.3% professional services this period, which is a little bit lighter than our expected long-term model of 10% to 20% on professional services. We continue to expect that we will be at that range on a go-forward basis.

And then I think you were asking about how we feel about the partners in a go-forward basis, and partners are hugely important for us, and we continue to believe that they're the key part of our go-to-market approach going forward.

Unknown speaker

Excellent. Thanks.

Operator

Thank you. It looks like we have time for one last question. Our last question will be from Pat Walravens of JMP Securities. Your line is open.

Owen Hobbs -- JMP Securities -- Analyst

Hey, everyone. Thanks taking for the question. This is Owen Hobbs on for Pat. I guess first one for Tom, what would you say are the top 1 or 2 federal use cases for generative AI that you're seeing with those new -- those five new federal generative AI deals this quarter?

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Our largest federal use case, as you know, is predictive maintenance of the United States Air Force, OK. This was chosen by the chief of staff and the -- and we now are doing -- this is the PANDA system, which is the only AI system of record that we're aware of in all of DOD. So, this is the system of record for the Air Force for predictive maintenance for all assets. So far, we have loaded the data, I believe, from 22 weapon systems, F-15, F-16, F-18, F-35, KC-135, F-22, etc., into a unified federated image.

This is 100 terabytes of data, OK? Some of it is, you know, maintenance data, sorting data, inventory data, flight data, flight history, telemetry, and one aircraft like a B-50. Each B-1 bomber has 42,000 sensors on it, emitting telemetry, and I'm not sure what hertz cycles, but pretty fast. So, this is a stack of data, OK? I will be there on -- I will be -- in Monday -- on Monday. That is like next Monday.

I will be in Washington D.C., OK, showing this to our customers with a generative AI front-end. So, think about this as a Mosaic browser front-end where a general officer can ask any question about -- and this is a 100-terabyte production system. This is one of the largest production enterprise AI applications in existence, OK? And that person will be able to ask -- on Monday, OK, be able to ask any question that you could ask of the weapon system. For example, what aircraft are operative at Travis Air Force Base now? What is my cost of operating the B-1 bomber program in the last year? OK.

What is the -- as it relates to F-35, what -- where are my largest parts shortages? And rather than going through some, you know, Cold War era menu-based, you know, SAP or even Siebel-like, I don't want to take shots at SAP, you know, enterprise information system, user interface that kind of looks like your Bloomberg terminal, OK, which is -- I have one on my desk, it's unusable, OK. The -- you know, just be a Mosaic browser, you can ask any question and get the answer related to any one of these weapon systems in the United States Air Force against their production data, and we will show it on Monday, on Tuesday, on Wednesday. And I am telling you, we expect some light bulbs to flash.

Owen Hobbs -- JMP Securities -- Analyst

Great. Thank you. And if I could sneak one last one in for Juho, can you please explain the dynamic between the increase in accounts receivable from last quarter to this quarter despite revenues kind of staying flattish?

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

Well, accounts receivable is timing of invoicing. So, obviously, when we drop an invoice, it shows up in the accounts receivable. So, it's just timing of invoicing.

Owen Hobbs -- JMP Securities -- Analyst

Great. Thank you, guys.

Operator

Thank you. I'd like to --

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Ladies and gentlemen, I think we're at end of program. We appreciate your time and your attention and thank you very much, and we look forward to talking with you next quarter. Stand by. It does appear to be game on in the AI industry at global scale.

And I can assure you, we are very much in the game. So, thank you all, and we are signing off.

Operator

Thank you. [Operator signoff]

Duration: 0 minutes

Call participants:

Amit Berry -- Investor Relations

Tom Siebel -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Juho Parkkinen -- Chief Financial Officer

Tim Horan -- Oppenheimer and Company -- Analyst

Mike Cikos -- Needham and Company -- Analyst

Kingsley Crane -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Unknown speaker

Owen Hobbs -- JMP Securities -- Analyst

More AI analysis

All earnings call transcripts