CBS's Dividends May Not Last Forever

Whether you're a beginning investor or a near-retiree, the importance of purchasing stocks that pay dividends cannot be overstated. Not only do companies that have quarterly or annual payouts provide you with a steady stream of income, but they also have the potential for capital appreciation. Simply put, dividend stocks can give your portfolio what almost no other investment can -- both income and growth.

At The Motley Fool, we're avid fans of dividends -- and not just because we like that steady stream of cash. Studies have shown that from 1972 to 2006, stocks in the S&P 500 that don't pay dividends have earned an average annual return of 4.1%; dividend stocks, however, have averaged a whopping 10.1% per year. That is an incredible difference -- one that you'd be crazy to not take advantage of!

But investing in dividends can be dangerous -- companies can cut, slash, or suspend dividends at any time, often without notice. Fortunately, there are several warning signs that may alert you, and these red flags could be the crucial factor in determining whether a company is likely to continue paying its dividend. Today, let's drill beneath the surface and check out CBS (NYSE: CBS).

What's on the surface?
CBS, which operates in the broadcasting industry, currently pays a dividend of 1.03%. That dividend yield may not seem like much, but considering that more than 100 companies in the S&P 500 don't pay anything at all, it's nothing to complain about. And don't forget that dividends typically grow with time, so that 1.03% has the potential to skyrocket.

But what's more important than the dividend itself is CBS's ability to keep that cash rolling. The first thing to look at is the company's reported dividends versus its reported earnings. If you happen to see dividend payments that are growing more rapidly than earnings per share, that may be an initial signal that something just isn't right. Check out the following graph for details of the past five years.

Source: Capital IQ, a division of Standard & Poor's.

Clearly, there doesn't seem to be a major problem here. Although CBS's earnings took a major nosedive in the past few years, it's been able to return to profitability and maintain its dividend at the same time.

The more secure, the better
One of the most common metrics that investors use to judge the safety of a dividend is the payout ratio. This number tells you what percentage of net income is paid out to investors in the form of a dividend. Normally, anything above 50% is cause to look a bit further. According to the most recent data, CBS's payout ratio is 28.30%. It's obvious that, at least on the surface, CBS won't have any problems generating enough income to support that nice dividend of 1.03%.

More important than checking out the payout ratio may be simply taking a peek at CBS's cash flow. Companies use free cash flow -- all the cash left over after subtracting out capital expenditures -- to make acquisitions, develop new products, and, of course, pay dividends! We can use a simple metric called the cash flow coverage ratio, which is cash flow per share divided by dividends per share. Normally, anything above 1.2 should make you feel comfortable; anything less, and you may have a problem on your hands. CBS's coverage ratio is 12.53, which is more than enough cash on hand to keep pumping out that 1.03% yield. Barring any unforeseen circumstances, there really shouldn't be any major problems moving forward.

Either way, it's always beneficial to compare an investment with its most immediate competitors, so in the following chart, I've included the above metrics with those of CBS's closest competitors. In addition, I've included the five-year dividend growth rate, which is also a very important indicator. If CBS can illustrate that it's grown dividends over the past five years, then there's a good chance that it will continue to put shareholders first in the future. Check out how CBS stacks up.

Source: Capital IQ, a division of Standard & Poor's.

The Foolish bottom line
Only you can decide what numbers you're comfortable with; sometimes a higher yield and a higher reward mean additional risk. However, in this situation, CBS's payout ratio seems to be above the peer average, so if you're a prudent investor, you may want to look elsewhere for the most secure payment possible. However, given a coverage ratio of 12.5, I wouldn't be too worried. The bottom line, however, is to make sure that with anything --  whether it be a dividend, a share repurchase, or an ordinary earnings report -- you do your own due diligence. Looking at all of the numbers in the best context possible is just the best place to start.