If you're on a Galaxy Fold, consider unfolding your phone or viewing it in full screen to best optimize your experience.
Anyone who's sat through a software demo knows that, according to the sales rep, there's nothing their application can't do faster, cheaper, and better than anything else on the market.
A substantial gap exists between promises and reality, though, so as your software demands become more granular, you may decide to develop your own application from scratch.
Whether you use an in-house software development team or a third-party solution, software projects have their own particular concerns. We'll go over their ins and outs and the steps to successfully complete a software development project for your small business.
Software project management is a sub-discipline of project management. Software development projects increased in the 1970s and 80s and originally relied on existing project management plans.
Missed deadlines due to miscommunication between developers and end users became a recurring issue, so new project management methods came into use that focused specifically on software development.
The software development life cycle (SDLC) uses the waterfall method, a step-by-step iterative approach, instead of reiterative processes common in other types of projects. The SDLC's six-step method allows programmers to remain focused on user-expected outcomes.
The software project life cycle requires end users to clearly identify their needs and expectations; otherwise, backtracking to change or expand the project's scope can result in significant time lost.
Software development projects are increasingly using the agile method, which is more flexible and open to change, but it's prone to deadline issues, which can be a problem when timelines are tight.
Be mindful of these considerations before and during each software development project to maximize your return on investment (ROI).
Many projects address clear needs with easy-to-see results: construct a dam, set up an e-commerce system, or develop and implement a marketing campaign. Software deliverables can be fuzzier depending on end-user expectations.
A feasibility study can help head off potential problems before starting your project. Are user expectations realistic? What are user needs versus wants, and what’s the cost? Your project shouldn't reinvent the wheel, so is there existing software that meets user requirements?
The "worse is better" software development principle states that quality doesn't automatically increase with functionality because at some point, reduced ("worse") functionality is preferable ("better") to usability. A corollary idea is "keep it simple, stupid" (KISS).
Scope creep derails many software development projects, so remember both principles. Instead of trying to wedge in every possible request and feature, focus on the minimum functionality required to meet your defined objectives.
You may want to lock a group of programmers in a room until they're done with a software project (or have built a robot that can do it for them), but a cross-functional team produces better results.
Beyond the project manager and coders, incorporate team members skilled in business analytics, user experience, regulatory compliance, and data security. Their perspectives provide a holistic project overview and help prevent groupthink.
According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), 14% of information technology (IT) projects fail outright, 31% don't achieve their goals, 43% go over budget, and 49% finish behind schedule. Create your own success story with these steps for managing your software project.
Once your feasibility study shows your project is realistic and satisfies an unmet need, begin your IT project management planning. Defined goals, processes, and responsibilities keep your project moving forward and avoid backtracking.
IT project management planning tips include:
Software for project management provides an overarching view of your team's progress, and most applications include a project management app to allow project tracking from anywhere.
"Programming" is a catch-all term that doesn't reflect the discrete activities your software designers and coders undertake during development.
Common design and programming areas your SRS may require include:
Some experienced programmers are adept in multiple coding areas, but don't hesitate to hire specialists to produce the disparate code your project demands.
Testing identifies where your software could, or will, fail due to user actions or general performance issues. A test plan using a formal test script generates consistent, actionable data to make necessary changes and updates.
Testing has two basic categories:
Within each testing category, more specialized tests such as regression or security testing provide wide-ranging performance data.
Testing is never a one-and-done activity. Ongoing testing is required pre- and post-release to monitor software performance and identify potential problems before they impact the user.
Software implementation requires a structured method for integration with enterprise networks and end users. You don't want your new software to crash, and you don't want it to affect the performance of other systems and applications.
Some testing occurs as different software components are created, but your most significant testing takes place as software is phased into a controlled user environment.
Your first software development project is unlikely to be your last. A terminal project management report that captures what worked well and not so well in an after action review (AAR) is critical for future projects.
Collect two types of information:
Your lessons learned for future projects fall into two categories: what to keep and what to change. An AAR process increases your project management capabilities instead of experiencing, as baseball great Yogi Berra said, "Déjà vu all over again" when the same issues appear across multiple projects.
Software design and development projects have unique considerations beyond project management basics. These concerns are not insurmountable, though, and effectively managing software projects comes down to careful planning, collaboration, and communication.
Our Small Business Expert
We're firm believers in the Golden Rule, which is why editorial opinions are ours alone and have not been previously reviewed, approved, or endorsed by included advertisers. The Ascent, a Motley Fool service, does not cover all offers on the market. The Ascent has a dedicated team of editors and analysts focused on personal finance, and they follow the same set of publishing standards and editorial integrity while maintaining professional separation from the analysts and editors on other Motley Fool brands.