As investors, we need to understand how our companies truly make their money. A neat trick developed for just that purpose -- the DuPont formula -- can help us do so.
The DuPont formula can give you a better grasp on exactly where your company is producing its profit, and where it might have a competitive advantage. Named after the company where it was pioneered, the formula breaks down return on equity into three components:
Return on equity = net margin x asset turnover x leverage ratio
What makes each of these components important?
- High net margins show that a company can get customers to pay more for its products. Luxury-goods companies provide a great example here.
- High asset turnover indicates that a company needs to invest less of its capital, since it uses its assets more efficiently to generate sales. Service industries, for instance, often lack big capital investments.
- Finally, the leverage ratio shows how much the company is relying on liabilities to create its profits.
Generally, the higher these numbers, the better. That said, too much debt can sink a company, so beware of companies with very high leverage ratios.
Let's see what the DuPont formula can tell us about Hess
|
Company |
Return on Equity |
Net Margin |
Asset Turnover |
Leverage Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hess | 10.9% | 5.0% | 1.07 | 2.04 |
|
Eni |
12.8% | 5.6% | 0.82 | 2.35 |
|
BP |
23.5% | 6.4% | 1.32 | 2.73 |
|
Anadarko Petroleum |
(10.3%) | (16.8%) | 0.25 | 2.58 |
Source: S&P Capital IQ.
Hess posted a lackluster return on equity, with the lowest margin of this group and the lowest leverage. Eni performs slightly better, due largely to more leverage, while BP leads this group of peers by notching the highest numbers in each category. Anadarko's numbers were hurt by a legal settlement of $4 billion, but its asset turnover sits way below peers', which really hurts its relative return on equity.
Using the DuPont formula can often give you some insight into how a company is competing against peers and what type of strategy it's using to juice return on equity. To find more successful investments, dig deeper than the earnings headlines.
If you'd like to add these companies to your watchlist, or set up a new one, just click below:
- Add Hess to My Watchlist.
- Add Eni to My Watchlist.
- Add BP to My Watchlist.
- Add Anadarko Petroleum to My Watchlist.
