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Akebia Therapeutics Inc (AKBA)
Q1Â 2020 Earnings Call
May 5, 2020, 8:30 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Akebia Therapeutics' INNO2VATE Top-line Data Readout Call and its First Quarter Financial Results and Business Highlights Conference Call. As a reminder, this call is being recorded.
I would now like to introduce your host for today's conference, Kristen Sheppard.
Kristen Sheppard -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Thank you, and good morning. My name is Kristen Sheppard, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations at Akebia. Thank you so much for joining us to discuss Akebia's top-line data for INNO2VATE, our global Phase 3 program of our product candidate, vadadustat, for the treatment of anemia due to chronic kidney disease in adult dialysis-dependent patients.
On today's call, we will also discuss Akebia's first quarter 2020 financial results and other recent business highlights. We issued two press releases this morning; one containing INNO2VATE's top-line data, followed by one containing our financial results and other recent business highlights. Both of these exciting press releases are available on our Investor Relations website, along with the slides for today's call. For your convenience, an audio replay of today's call with the slides will also be available on our website shortly after we conclude today's webcast.
Joining our call today are John Butler, President and Chief Executive Officer; Dr. Steven Burke, Chief Medical Officer; and Jason Amello, Chief Financial Officer.
Before we begin, I'd like to remind everyone that this conference call includes forward-looking statements. Each forward-looking statement contained in this call is subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in these statements. Additional information regarding these factors is described in the Risk Factors and Management's Discussion and Analysis sections of our most recent quarterly and annual reports filed with the SEC, and in the cautionary note on forward-looking statements in the slides. The forward-looking statements on this call speak only as of the original date of this call and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any of these statements.
With that, I'd like to turn the call over to our CEO, John Butler. John?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Kristen, and welcome to everyone. We are thrilled to be able to announce positive top-line data from INNO2VATE, the first of our two global Phase 3 programs studying vadadustat, our investigational oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, or HIF-PHI, to treat the anemia of chronic kidney disease. It is extremely rewarding to see this program yield clear, consistent, and compelling positive results.
This is a very important day for Akebia, but it was not accomplished by the Akebia team alone. I want to sincerely thank our investigators and their staff for participating, but most importantly, I want to thank the nearly 4,000 patients who participated in this program. Dialysis patients are among the most at risk and hardest hit by COVID-19. During these uncertain times, we're reminded of both the critical nature of our work and the significant need to advance care for these patients. I'd also like to thank our collaboration partner, Otsuka, our partner in dialysis, Vifor Pharma, and our shareholders for supporting Akebia and our efforts thus far.
The Akebia team did an extraordinary job closing the studies, collaborating and analyzing the data despite the logistical challenges of operating under the present COVID environment, bringing INNO2VATE to a timely and successful conclusion. I'm extremely proud of all of our employees. We believe our collective efforts bring us one step closer to fulfilling our purpose to better the lives of each person impacted by kidney disease. Again, my sincere thanks to everyone. We wouldn't be here today without all of you.
In terms of an agenda for today's call, we're going to start with looking at how COVID-19 is impacting our business and how we are working to mitigate potential impacts. We issued our initial response to COVID on March 15th, and today I'll provide some updates. The rest of our discussion will be focused on the positive top-line data that we announced this morning, and the exciting pathway that we've developed for vadadustat. We have a lot of exciting data to cover, and so, in the interest of time, Jason will not review the Q1 results, but is available for any questions you might have. As always, following our discussions, we'll open the call for Q&A.
In this challenging environment, our purpose to better the lives of each person impacted by kidney disease is more relevant and important than ever. Our innovative therapies are critical to dialysis and non-dialysis CKD patients, who are among the most at risk. Continuing to provide and support our critical therapies is a priority, as is protecting the health and safety of our patients, customers and employees. To that end, we're doing all we can to limit the spread of the virus as well as support kidney disease patients and our community.
Our team has been incredibly productive under our work-from-home policy. While ensuring business continuity, our team has continued to support local and national response efforts to the COVID-19 pandemic by donating supplies and meals to front-line healthcare workers in Boston, volunteering to provide medical care at clinics treating COVID patients, and donating to the American Kidney Fund's Coronavirus Emergency Fund to support the needs of kidney patients.
In terms of our financial and operational performance, to-date, we have not experienced any significant adverse impact from COVID-19, and our fundamentals have remained strong. As of the end of Q1, our cash runway extends well into 2021. With that said, these are unprecedented times, and via COVID-19 we have no clear visibility on what to expect for the upcoming weeks and months. We are closely monitoring demand for our marketed therapy, and we're also mindful of the potential macro risks from the impact on the healthcare system and the potential impact on payer mix. Given this uncertainty, we continue to take precautionary measures and actively monitor this evolving situation.
Our focus on our clinical programs and ongoing studies is as important as ever. Our PRO2TECT studies for vadadustat have advanced significantly, and we continue to expect top-line data mid year as planned. Also, our forward two trial for vadadustat is fully enrolled, and we expect top-line data by year-end as planned. COVID precautions are however causing a delay in enrolling new clinical trials. For ongoing trials, we're using remote monitoring and performing remote patient visits where possible. Our commercial and customer-facing teams are leveraging tools and technology to interact virtually with healthcare providers, including dialysis centers, and responding to their needs. We believe Akebia can play an important role in supporting our customers and our patients during this crisis, and we are here to help enable continuity of care with important programs like AkebiaCares.
We're fortunate that even before the COVID pandemic, we had already begun implementing new business continuity plans across our supply chain with the goal of safeguarding our ability to provide our therapies to patients who rely on them and driving operating efficiencies across our business. These measures look to ensure that critical materials are not sourced from any single supplier for either AURYXIA or vadadustat. At this time, our supply chain is functioning, our manufacturers are operating, and while we don't currently anticipate a supply disruption, we believe that we have inventory to help mitigate the impact should one occur.
In sum, this uncertain COVID environment has presented new risks to our business. While we're working hard to mitigate any potential impact, we're mindful that many of these risks and the impact to the larger healthcare market are outside our control. The bright spot is that our team is more committed than ever to deliver on our purpose, and we believe we have tremendous value-enhancing opportunities ahead, and that's a great segue to our INNO2VATE data.
Again, we are very excited with the clear, consistent and compelling efficacy and safety, particularly MACE data, that we announced today. Vadadustat succeeded in meeting the primary and key secondary efficacy endpoint in each of the two INNO2VATE Phase 3 studies, confirming that once-daily oral therapy with vadadustat can increase and maintain hemoglobin in the target range similar to the current standard-of-care, in this case, Aranesp or darbepoetin alfa.
Vadadustat also achieved the primary safety endpoint of INNO2VATE program, defined as non-inferiority in time to first occurrence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events or MACE, which is the composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction or non-fatal stroke. Confirming vadadustat safety and demonstrated no increased cardiovascular risk of vadadustat compared with the standard-of-care in adult dialysis patients with anemia due to CKD. These results were clear and remarkably consistent across all patient populations in dialysis with anemia due to CKD, whether the patient was new to dialysis, an incident patient, or has been on for many years a prevalent patient. Importantly, all of these analyses were based on a statistical analysis plan, and non-inferiority margins agreed to with regulators.
Today, there are approximately 500,000 dialysis patients in the US. In general, this is a population with significant health issues. Approximately, 90% of dialysis patients have been treated with erythropoiesis stimulating agents, or ESAs, to manage their anemia. The impact of this disease on patients with CKD is profound. In addition to the well-known symptoms of fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath, anemia has been associated with more severe adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular complications, including left ventricular hypertrophy and congestive heart failure. Multiple large peer-reviewed studies have demonstrated the increased cardiovascular risk associated with ESA use in both dialysis and non-dialysis patients. Physicians associate that risk with the EPO levels achieved by the doses of ESA, the speed of hemoglobin increase, and excursions of hemoglobin above 12 grams per deciliter.
INNO2VATE data further support what our vadadustat development program has consistently demonstrated and what research suggest nephrologists want in a new treatment option for their patients. Vadadustat treatment was designed with the goal of maintaining physiologic EPO levels, increasing hemoglobin in a predictable manner, minimizing hemoglobin excursions, and providing a convenient oral dose. We believe our data uniquely positions vadadustat as a potential new oral standard-of-care for treating all populations of dialysis patients, including both incident and prevalent dialysis patients with anemia due to CKD, subject to approval.
The headline for our global Phase 3 INNO2VATE program continues to be that we believe it is designed for clinical, regulatory and commercial success, and the results continue to support that belief. INNO2VATE consists of two non-inferiority studies designed to evaluate the efficacy and cardiovascular safety during long-term treatment of anemia with vadadustat using an active control, darbepoetin, an injectable ESA, which is the current standard of care. Simply put, we believe that in order to change the standard of care, you need to compare to the standard of care.
We thoughtfully constructed this program and our trial design after extensive dialog with the FDA and European regulators. We have a straightforward statistical analysis plan prospectively defined and agreed to non-inferiority margins with the FDA and EMA, and we also agreed with the FDA on the key components of our statistical analysis plan. Our INNO2VATE trial design has enabled a straightforward collection and analysis of MACE across our program and yielded a clear and compelling data readout on both efficacy and safety. We can't wait to share these data with regulators and ultimately with physicians, dialysis providers and payers. We are more confident than ever that the clinical success we've demonstrated with INNO2VATE supports vadadustat's potential for success on the regulatory front. We are also confident that the INNO2VATE data will be highly informative for physicians, patients, dialysis providers and payers as they make important decisions about patient care once vadadustat is approved.
I know we're all excited to get into the specifics. So let me hand the call over to our Chief Medical Officer, Dr. Steven Burke. Steve?
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Thank you, John, and good morning, everyone. On behalf of the R&D team at Akebia, we are very excited to share these data today. As John mentioned, anemia due to CKD is a serious condition characterized by decreased hemoglobin, and is associated with cardiovascular events, hospitalization and mortality as well as increased risk of CKD progression. The burden of CKD has a significant impact on patient quality of life and adds significant cost to our healthcare system.
Anemia is currently treated with injectable ESAs along with iron supplementation or red blood cell transfusions. While ESAs are effective in raising hemoglobin levels, there are well documented safety risks associated with their use. In particular, there is evidence that patients administered higher doses of ESAs experience an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, particularly stroke and also mortality. Considering the unmet medical need for safe and effective treatment, we believe INNO2VATE data are compelling and advance our plans for an NDA and potential approval of vadadustat.
Based on Nobel prize-winning science, vadadustat was designed as a once-daily, orally administered, investigational HIF PHI to mimic the body's natural physiologic response to hypoxia or low oxygen. By stabilizing HIF, vadadustat up regulates transcription of endogenous erythropoietin and proteins involved in iron absorption, transport and utilization. The increase in erythropoietin and delivery of iron to the bone marrow leads to increased red blood cell production and higher hemoglobin.
The INNO2VATE program was well powered for efficacy and cardiovascular safety and included two Phase 3 studies, correction-conversion and conversion, which collectively enrolled 3,923 dialysis-dependent patients with anemia due to CKD. This is a very large, rigorous, and thoughtfully designed program to compare vadadustat to a current standard of care, darbepoetin alfa, an injectable ESA.
As illustrated on Slide 4, both INNOVATE studies were global, multi-center, open label but sponsor-blind, non-inferiority studies. The protocols, efficacy and safety endpoints in non-inferiority margin summarized on the right side of the slide were reviewed and aligned with FDA and EMA. In both INNO2VATE studies, the agreed upon primary efficacy endpoint was non-inferiority of vadadustat versus darbepoetin as measured by the difference in mean change in hemoglobin between baseline in the primary evaluation period, which was between 24 and 36 weeks.
The key secondary efficacy endpoint also agreed with FDA and EMA was the non-inferiority during a secondary evaluation period between weeks 40 and 52. The INNO2VATE program's primary safety endpoint was non-inferiority of vadadustat versus darbepoetin for time to first MACE in the combined INNO2VATE studies. MACE was defined as all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke. The MACE events were independently and blindly adjudicated by the Brigham and Women's Hospital's Clinical Endpoint Center.
As shown on Slide 5, in both studies, patients were randomized one to one to receive either vadadustat or darbepoetin. Vadadustat was initiated at a dose of 300 milligrams once daily and starting at week four was adjusted up or down in increments of 150 milligrams within the range of 150 to 600 milligrams daily. Darbepoetin was administered intravenously or subcutaneously. Patients already receiving darbepoetin maintained their prior dose, and those in other ESAs were switched to darbepoetin and dosed according to the approved product label. Study drugs were titrated to achieve target hemoglobin of 10 to 11 in the US and 10 to 12 outside the US.
Iron supplementation, ESA rescue medication, and red blood cell transfusions were allowed as necessary according to protocol specified criteria, aligning with clinical practice guidelines. The correction-conversion study evaluated 359 incident dialysis patients who were on dialysis for less than 16 weeks prior to screening. The conversion study evaluated 3,554 prevalent dialysis patients receiving ESAs.
Slide 6 summarizes the patient's baseline characteristics which are similar between treatment groups and representative of the general dialysis population. As expected, there was a high percentage of patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Slide 7 summarizes the primary and key secondary efficacy endpoint data. In the conversion study of prevalent dialysis patients, vadadustat was non-inferior to darbepoetin. The difference in mean hemoglobin change was minus 0.17 per deciliter with a 95% confidence interval of minus 0.23 to minus 0.10. The lower bound of the confidence interval was above the prespecified non-inferiority margin of minus 0.75. The mean hemoglobin at weeks 24 to 36 was 10.36 for vadadustat and 10.53 for darbepoetin. The hemoglobin response was maintained in the secondary evaluation period of 40 to 52 weeks.The mean hemoglobin at weeks 40 to 52 were 10.4 for vadadustat and 10.58 for darbepoetin, with the difference in mean hemoglobin of minus 0.18. Again, the lower bound of the confidence interval was above the prespecified non-inferiority margin of minus 0.75.
In the correction-conversion study of incident dialysis patients, vadadustat was non-inferior to darbepoetin. The difference in mean hemoglobin was minus 0.31 with a 95% confidence interval of minus 0.53 and minus 0.10, with the lower bound not crossing the pre-specified, non-inferiority margin of minus 0.75. The mean hemoglobin at weeks 24 to 36 was 10.36 for vadadustat and 10.61 for darbepoetin. The hemoglobin responses were maintained in the secondary evaluation period of 40 to 52 weeks. The mean hemoglobin of 40 to 52 weeks was 10.51 for vadadustat and 10.55 for darbepoetin with a difference of minus 0.07. Again, the lower bound of the confidence interval was above the prespecified non-inferiority margin of minus 0.75. We are very pleased with these efficacy results. They are very consistent with what we saw in the Japanese Phase 3 studies, which were presented at ASN last year.
Now moving to safety, Slide 8 summarizes the primary safety endpoint time to first MACE. MACE includes deaths, non-fatal MIs and non-fatal strokes. Analysis of time to first MACE was based on the hazard ratio from a COX model comparing vadadustat to darbepoetin. The hazard ratio for MACE was 0.96 and the 95% confidence interval was 0.83 to 1.11. The upper bound of the confidence interval was below the non-inferiority margin of 1.25 agreed upon with FDA and the 1.3 agreed upon with EMA.
Slide 9 displays the Kaplan-Meier curves for time to first MACE event in the two groups. The red line is the darbepoetin group and the blue line is the vadadustat group.
Slide 10 summarizes treatment emerging adverse events and the most common treatment emerging adverse events occurring in greater than or equal to 10% of patients in either group in the two studies. The common events included diarrhea, pneumonia, hypertension, hyperkalemia. These events were similar between treatment groups in both INNO2VATE studies. It is great to obtain such clear, straightforward positive efficacy and safety results today to demonstrate the potential of vadadustat to treat anemia of CKD and adult patients on dialysis, subject to regulatory approval. We are pleased with the findings, and excited to present the full data from INNO2VATE together with our data from our PRO2TECT program later this year at a medical conference, and publish the results in peer-reviewed journals. The R&D team is already working on the NDA, which we will file as quickly as possible following the PRO2TECT data readout.
I will now turn the call back over to John. Thank you.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Steve. We believe we have a strong, compelling and very straightforward dataset for vadadustat. In terms of what's next, I will remind you that INNO2VATE is the first of many potentially transformational near-term milestones. We believe we've developed an exciting path forward for vadadustat and Akebia, and although the COVID-19 environment remains uncertain, we continue to make solid progress advancing these activities.
In collaboration with our partner, Mitsubishi Tanabe, we're advancing key pre-commercial activities in support of the first regulatory approval of vadadustat expected in Japan this year. Upon approval, vadadustat is expected to be the first HIF-PHI that would be available to treat anemia due to CKD in both dialysis and non-dialysis dependent adult patients in a major market.
As I mentioned earlier, we have significantly advanced PRO2TECT, our global Phase 3 study evaluating the safety and efficacy of vadadustat in non-dialysis dependent adult patients with anemia due to CKD. We've achieved the target number of MACE events for the study and expect top-line data mid-year as planned. In addition, we reinforced our intellectual property position for vadadustat confirming for both Akebia and our collaboration partner Otsuka are positioned to execute on plans to launch vadadustat in the UK, and potentially the rest of Europe upon approval.
We can't wait to get these data in front of the FDA and other regulatory agencies as soon as possible. Upon successful completion of our Phase 3 program, and with PRO2TECT data in hand, we plan to submit the regulatory filings for marketing approval of vadadustat for both dialysis dependent and non-dialysis adult patients in the US as quickly as possible, and then in other regions in collaboration with Otsuka. And that's not all. We have an agreement with Vifor Pharma to potentially access the Priority Review Voucher or PRV for the vadadustat NDA with the FDA to expedite review. While there is more work to be done, we believe this path would meaningfully enhance the potential of bringing vadadustat to patients as quickly as possible, subject to regulatory approval.
We have a tremendous amount of confidence in these data. So we're also working very hard on pre-commercialization activity. So, again, we believe the agreement we have with Vifor distribute vadadustat as their exclusive HIF in the US to Fresenius clinics and certain other dialysis centers has the potential to build momentum and support rapid adoption of vadadustat upon approval, and up to 60% of dialysis patients in the US. We believe these data support vadadustat's potential to be the new oral standard of care for anemia due to CKD in dialysis patients upon approval.
Wrapping up, we're extremely excited about the top line data. The team is working as quickly as possible to prepare the full data for presentation and publication at an upcoming medical conference. We are right where we want to be, well positioned to continue advancing our purpose to better the lives of each person impacted by kidney disease.
With that, I'll open up the call to questions. Please note that we'll answer questions based on the top line results disclosed in the press release. Jason is also available to answer any questions pertaining to our first quarter financial results.
Operator, we're ready for the first question.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Chris Raymond with Piper Sandler. Your line is now open.
Allison Bratzel -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Hi. This is Ally Bratzel on for Chris. Congrats on the data. So, first, just on PRO2TECT, I know you've talked about this a bit in the prepared remarks, but can you just talk about your confidence in being able to disclose the pre-dialysis data midyear, and the ability to file an NDA later this year, And how maybe we should adjust our timing expectations if COVID is still in full swing at that point? And then, just generally on the actual pre-dialysis readout, how does INNO2VATE change your confidence in reaching the main endpoint in PRO2TECT?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Ally. Thanks for the questions. So, as I mentioned, PRO2TECT is on time for mid-2020. I mean, we're obviously continuing to monitor the COVID situation, but as of today, we feel very confident that we'll be able to deliver that data in mid-2020. And then we'll move as quickly as possible to a filing, and obviously the timing will be dependant on when we get the PRO2TECT data, but it's an incredibly exciting moment for us.
And to your second question around how does INNO2VATE influence, how we feel about PRO2TECT, look, I think it's important that the design is identical, basically that we're looking at PRO2TECT with the same active control, the same data collection, etc. At the same time, it's a different program. So, we'll see this data very, very soon, and we can't wait to see it, and we couldn't be more excited about the path we have going forward.
Allison Bratzel -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Great. And then, maybe another question on the non-inferiority margin, so you indicated you'd agreed to -- prospectively agreed with FDA to MACE non-inferiority margin of 1.25, but 1.3 for EMA. Could you talk about why the agencies differ, or maybe how you and FDA came to the agreement on that 1.25 number when I think in the past for renal drug [Phonetic], they only asked for 1.3, and then maybe if you can address if there's any reason to think FDA would look for a different non-inferiority margin for PRO2TECT for the pre-dialysis program.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So, it was extensive dialogue with both regulatory agencies, and we're very comfortable with where we landed with both, and most importantly, when you look at the data, with an upper bound of 1.11, we're comfortably within the non-inferiority range for either regulatory authority. So, we're very, very pleased with what we've shown you today, and again, we're hoping to show the same from PRO2TECT.
Allison Bratzel -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Great. And then, maybe just last question for me, could you talk about your current expectations for a potential outcome for vadadustat?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Well, that's -- and comes up to the FDA. So we'll wait and see. We'll have both sets of data to put in front of them as quickly as we can, and we can't wait to put this data in front of the regulators. So if they want to have an outcome, we will be very ready for it.
Allison Bratzel -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Okay, great. Thanks so much, and congrats again.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Ally.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Eric Joseph with JPMorgan. Your line is now open.
Eric Joseph -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Hey, guys. Thanks for taking the questions, and congrats on the Phase 3 readout here. John, I wanted to pick up on your comments about how these studies were designed, and you deliberately chose to go against the design to compare the studies against standard of care. Can you just speak to how nephrologists view the relative risk benefit of Aranesp versus Epogen, or darbepoetin alfa versus -- darbepoetin alfa, and whether there's any meaningful distinction here, and that sort of might aid in our ability to make sort of crosstalk comparisons from INNO2VATE to the dialysis-dependent studies with vadadustat?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Eric, I didn't understand the last part of that question. I didn't hear you clearly.
Eric Joseph -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Sure. There's going to be some motivation to try and make crosstalk comparison between vadadustat and roxadustat. You have different comparators between the two outcome studies. You're using darbepoetin and versus their Epogen, I'm just wondering if you could speak to how physicians view the relative risk benefit profile of the two competitors -- of the different ESAs?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So, what physicians are looking for, Eric, is clear, straightforward, and consistent data, and that's what we've delivered them today. And importantly, when you think about vadadustat, the fact that we have same comparator in INNO2VATE and PRO2TECT, this is all part of how we design the program for clinical, regulatory, and commercial success. We've got the first step with clinical success with INNO2VATE, and believe the clarity of this data and how straightforward it is will lead to regulatory and commercial success for us as well.
Eric Joseph -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Got it. And just coming back to potential -- and just wondering to -- going back to this potential impact from the COVID pandemic, is there any -- was there any impacts in the INNO2VATE readout here where patients were unable to come in for their, I guess, secondary efficacy follow-up assessments, and I guess whether you anticipate any impact on whether -- yeah, sorry, whether there's any impact from COVID in the full collection of the data in INNO2VATE and how you might anticipate any impact it affects from the pandemic as well?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Sure, Eric. I'll ask Steve to address that.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Yeah, hi, Eric. No, there wasn't any issue because we announced completion of this -- we met our MACE at the end of last year, and so we told the sites to bring their patients back as soon as possible. And so, they made their end-of-treatment visits and the end-of-study visits were allowed to be done by phone, in any case by the protocol. So it had really no impact on our ability to collect the data. And with PRO2TECT, obviously there's still some time to come, but given the experience we had with INNO2VATE we feel like we're confident in the mid-2020 timeline. But we'll update that if we need to on COVID, but obviously we've been looking really closely at it, and feel very confident in the timing.
Eric Joseph -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Got it. Thanks for taking the questions.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Thanks, Eric.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Difei Yang with Mizuho Securities. Your line is now open.
Difei Yang -- Mizuho Securities -- Analyst
Hi. Good morning. First of all, congratulations on the Phase 3 readout, and just a couple questions. How should we think about non-inferiority margins for the NDD population, is it a reasonable assumption what you have reached agreement with the regulatory agency in DD can be carried over to NDD? Then the second question is that, would you give us an update on whether the final agreement with Vifor was signed and what's the status on that, and then finally, maybe if Jason could comment on cash runway?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Great. So, thanks, Difei. So the 1.25 non-inferiority margins that we had for INNO2VATE is the same non-inferiority margin we're using for PRO2TECT. So that's very clear, and similarly with EMA at 1.3. That was the first question. The second question was?
Kristen Sheppard -- Vice President, Investor Relations
On Vifor.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Vifor, yes, thank you. So that's still -- we're still working through that. There was no urgency to get that finalized. Feel very confident in being able to make that happen and obviously with this data in hand we're all very excited to put that in place, and then on the cash runway side, Jason, you want to take that?
Jason Amello -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure. Hi. It's Jason. So our cash runway remains on guidance as we previously communicated with our year-end earnings release and with this release as well, staying well into Q 2021, we feel very confident with our cash position with that kind of a runway. And so that hasn't changed. And we've also, to get to that level of runway, previously we've identified cost savings and efficiencies to enable us to do that, which also positions us well given the current pandemic situation. So we feel very confident with our cash position.
Difei Yang -- Mizuho Securities -- Analyst
Thank you, Jason. And just one quick follow-up with regards to the FDA filing timeframe. So, is it a reasonable assumption typically for, if PRO2TECT is positive, the typical lag time and the readout is a couple of quarters?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
I'm sorry, about...
Kristen Sheppard -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Timing.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So, Difei, we're not guiding on exact timing for filing. When we have PRO2TECT in hands, then I think we'll be better able to do that, and the message I want you to hear is that when we get PRO2TECT, we will work actually, not when we get PRO2TECT, we are working already to be -- to invest quickly as possible through an NDA filing, but with PRO2TECT in hand that will be the gating item. So, we will be moving. Like I said before, we're so excited about this. We want to get this front of regulators as quickly as possible. And I mean, kind of coming back to your last question, it's so excited to be in a place where we have a strong cash position, one set of Phase 3 data in hand, and then multiple other exciting milestones that are right in front of us, the Japan approval and PRO2TECT data. So, the company is in incredible strong position right now.
Difei Yang -- Mizuho Securities -- Analyst
Thank you so much for taking my questions, and congrats again.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Difei.
Jason Amello -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks so much, Difei.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Bert Hazlett with BTIG. Your line is now open.
Bert Hazlett -- BTIG -- Analyst
Thank you, and let me offer my congratulations as well, quite an effort and terrific result. In terms of the MACE endpoint that readout, were there any components of the MACE all-cause mortality, MI, or stroke that were stronger than others? I know you are releasing top line data today, but if you could guide a little bit that might be helpful?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, Bert, you said we're releasing top line data today. But, I mean, I think the headline for you is consistent. This data was incredibly consistent across efficacy, safety, and MACE as the most important safety and that includes all the components as well.
Bert Hazlett -- BTIG -- Analyst
Okay, thank you. And then, let me try to come at the same question with regard to treatment -- serious TEAEs. It looked like there was a little bit lower serious treatment-emergent adverse events on the vadadustat -- with utilizing vadadustat. Can you make any general comments about what you are seeing there on the safety side?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Again, we are incredibly pleased with the safety that I'll ask Steve to make some comments.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Yeah, I think the overall safety profile was very positive, and including -- there was no cases of high prevalent incidents. As you remember, we had a single case a long time ago. And when we looked at hepatotoxicity, no difference between the treatment groups, so, very, very pleased with all of the safety data that I have seen today.
Bert Hazlett -- BTIG -- Analyst
Okay, thank you. And then, just one more question regarding Vifor Pharma and the use of the priority review voucher, could you just go through the decision tree that you're going to use to whether or not you effect that transition? Just a little bit more color would be helpful.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, sure, Bert. So, obviously the first step will be to come to agreement on the final economics around the PRV, and that's -- like I said, that's an active process and I don't have any concerns that we will get that done. The data that we have generated here with INNO2VATE would support -- absolutely support using a PRV. Like I keep saying, I can't wait to get this data in front of regulators. It's that clean, clear, and consistent. So, but obviously we'll have that conversation with Vifor and, again, I think they'll agree. I think they'll be as excited about this data as we are.
Bert Hazlett -- BTIG -- Analyst
Terrific. Let me slide in one more if I could. The WuXi supply deal, could you just comment on why you felt the need to have a third commercial supply agreement in place for vadadustat?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So we actually have two API suppliers and that is obviously just minimizing any kind of supply risk. So, on the API side, we have Esteve and WuXi, and then we also have the third supplier is for drug product, API.
Bert Hazlett -- BTIG -- Analyst
Okay. Thank you. Congratulations again.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Bert.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Chad Messer with Needham. Your line is now open.
Chad Messer -- Needham -- Analyst
Great. Thanks. Good morning. And let me add my congratulations on the data. We've obviously been working hard to get to this point. Is there any comment you can make on excursion data and how that look, I know in your opening remarks, you commented on HIFs and how one of the great promises of this class is giving very physiological and consistent hemoglobin response.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Again, Chad, what you should hear from me is the level of excitement. We're not going to go into specifics of that data, will be presented with the data, hopefully at ASN, that's our expectation. But again, I mean, as we talked before about the Spherix data that was done, this independent research, and we talked about it from Q1. What our physicians looking for in order to adopt a new treatment for anemia, and that is one of the key areas. First and foremost, it is a physiologic EPO level, a gradual increase in hemoglobin, avoiding excursions, and a convenient oral dose. We have proven across our development program that we can do that and INNO2VATE data absolutely supports that as well. So, we feel like we are positioned incredibly well from a commercial perspective as well as from a regulatory perspective.
Chad Messer -- Needham -- Analyst
Okay, thanks. That's helpful. But of course, we look forward to seeing the rest of the data when it's available. And maybe just also an update on the regulatory process in Japan. I know your partner filed last July, is the expectation still for potential approval this summer and any updates on regulatory interactions there? And maybe, can you comment on how long it takes to sort of launch and get reimbursement in Japan in general?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
So, thanks for the question. We are working closely with Mitsubishi on pre-commercialization activities. Everything seems to be on track there. And as we've talked about before, if PMDA takes the normal 12-month cycle, it will be a July approval. And as I said, we're working on pre-commercialization. It will be -- we will move -- our partner Mitsubishi will move as quickly as possible to launch the product. We certainly expect it to be launched this year.
Chad Messer -- Needham -- Analyst
Okay, great. Thanks and congrats again.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Chad.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Ed Arce with H.C. Wainwright. Your line is now open.
Ed Arce -- H.C. Wainwright -- Analyst
Hi, everyone. Thanks for taking my questions and congrats on this very positive data set for your Phase 3 and look forward to the next one soon. Few questions for me. Mostly for Dr. Burke, first is, were there any deaths in either of the study or either study? Second is, if you could discuss a bit more on how the titration of the drug either up or down compares to the level of titration, in other words how active that was relative to Aranesp in the study? And then, thirdly, we have the treatment-emergent events. I see here that the numbers were very consistent and similar. But if you look at, in particular, hypertension and diarrhea, the two studies look like numerically one was higher and one was lower. Perhaps you could discuss anything you might have seen there with those two, and then I have a follow-up. Thank you.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Sure. We had a technical difficulty here, so I heard the first question and the third, but not the second. So let me answer the first two that I remember. Starting with the third question. So, the conversion study was much, larger almost 10 times as large as the correction-conversion study. So, I would put more stock in the AD table for that study. And the smaller the study, the less reliable are the results.
So -- and the first question was deaths, yes. Well, as you know, the primary safety measure was MACE, which includes death, all-cause death and the non-fatal stroke and non-fatal MI. The majority of the events in the MACE analysis were deaths. And when you look across the entire study, there were fewer deaths in the vadadustat treated patients than they were in the darbepoetin treated patients. So again, as John alluded to earlier, very consistent safety results around the MACE endpoint. And I missed the middle question, I'm sorry.
Ed Arce -- H.C. Wainwright -- Analyst
Okay, fair enough. So, the second question was around the titration schedule, you started with 300 and then went either up or more likely -- down or more likely up after week four. I was just wondering how active throughout the study that titration was on drug relative to the comparator Aranesp and its own schedule.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Yeah. The drugs could be titrated starting at week four, and they were titrated up or down as you indicated. I am still analyzing that data, so I don't know how frequently the doses were adjusted in a very granular sense, but we have that data and that will be presented. And the key was, you were titrating to get into the target range for both, and we were successfully able to do that, unsurprisingly with both drugs. So, it was very, very clear.
Ed Arce -- H.C. Wainwright -- Analyst
Great. And then, just one last question for me. On the slide deck that you presented this morning, Slide 9 here on the Kaplan-Meier curve, it does look like there is a sudden increase on the darbepoetin events at about 168 weeks. Any comment you wish to make there?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Well, that's just the nature of the Kaplan-Meier curves. If you look at the bottom of the slide, the number of people at risk for having a MACE event decreases over time. And when you get to the very end of the study, one event can have a significant impact on the appearance of the Kaplan-Meier curve, but I would discourage you from looking at the end of Kaplan-Meier curves and look toward more the beginning in the middle. Once you see big jumps or long flat stretches, it means there's very few patients at risk.
Ed Arce -- H.C. Wainwright -- Analyst
Understood. Thanks again.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Ed.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from David Lebowitz with Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open.
David Lebowitz -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Hello. Thank you for taking my question. When you look at this data as of thus far and you see potentially bringing this to market in the dialysis population, how do you see yourself differentiating this versus EPO versus darbepoetin. Then your drug is an oral, but they are already going in for dialysis anyway. So, they are used to getting infusions and whatnot? And what's the message with this data for dialysis?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. We think this data absolutely supports our commercial opportunity in dialysis, David. It's -- again I go back to the answer I gave earlier. When you look at what physicians are looking for, physicians, they look at that difference in EPO levels in excursions and in a gradual increase in hemoglobin.Those are all related to safety for them. And then, of course the convenient oral dose matters a lot in the non-dialysis patient and home dialysis patients, which of course we are moving to, but will be very important in dialysis as well. So, vadadustat positions extraordinarily well in both dialysis and non-dialysis versus darbepoetin alfa or any other ESA.
David Lebowitz -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Thank you for taking my questions.
Kristen Sheppard -- Vice President, Investor Relations
Thank you.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, David.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Kennen MacKay with RBC Capital Markets. Your line is now open.
Kennen MacKay -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
Hi. Thanks for taking the question and congrats to the whole team, and big congrats to you John for getting vadadustat from the start, all the way to the finish line here. This is a really impressive data.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Kennen.
Kennen MacKay -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
So, these data along with those from roxadustat, I think really do validate the class, especially versus Aranesp in dialysis-dependent CKD actually, really yearly similar data with the exact same MACE hazard ratio. So, maybe with that in mind, I'd really love your perspective and the team's perspective on how this changes your thinking in pre-dialysis CKD around the PROT2ECT trial and sort of specifically regarding how the control arm, if you're using here active Aranesp control could influence results coming out of that control -- I mean, out of that trial versus what we've seen from roxadustat that have utilized their placebo.
And then, separately, two quick housekeeping questions, one financial, one clinical. Financial first, now that the dialysis data is matured and there's going to be a much higher focus here, can you help us with sort of a ballpark for how we should model the royalty and revenue split in dialysis-dependent CKD with the Vifor and for senior sales agreement?
And then on the clinical side, you had mentioned no cases of Hy's Law, which is a big relief, can you maybe just elaborate were there any other liver signals, liver function test elevations that we're seeing to just help put that to bed? Thanks so much and congrats again.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks so much, Kennen. So, going back to [Speech Overlap] a lot of different directions and that's great. So, again, your question about non-dialysis and PRO2TECT. Look, I mean, from our perspective, and you've heard me say this for four years now. This is all about the design. We designed our program in collaboration or certainly consultation with the FDA and EMA. And having the active control, remember, this is about regulatory success, clinical success, commercial success. And having an active control in non-dialysis is what the regulators asked for and we're going to deliver that to them.
And we wanted a design that was as consistent as possible across the entire program INNO2VATE and PRO2TECT, and that's how we've designed it. Now with INNO2VATE data in hand, and as I said earlier, it's the same analysis, same design, same structure, etc, for PRO2TECT. Now it's a different patient population separate study, we all have to see the data. But I think that that similar design is an important aspect of pacing about PRO2TECT.
On the Vifor agreement, we haven't disclosed what the profit share with Vifor is. We said that it is -- that we keep the vast majority of the profits. And of course, we split those with Otsuka. So, Vifor takes their piece and then the balance is split between Otsuka and Akebia.
Kennen MacKay -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
And then, the third -- Steven, you have not talked about the LFTs.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Yeah. The LFTs, you're right, there was no cases of Hy's Law in the study and we had hepatotoxicity as an adverse event special interest, there was no difference between the treatment groups, we also analyzed look at the proportion of patients who had ALT, AST ability, etc, above a certain threshold. And there was no increase in that with that vadadustat. So it looked very good from a hepatic safety perspective. One more area -- we're very, very pleased with the data.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Go ahead, Kennen.
Kennen MacKay -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
No, congrats again on the clean safety profile. Maybe just going back to that first question of mine. In your mind, thinking about the pre-dialysis setting, CKD, would you expect an Aranesp arm to compare maybe better or worse on MACE versus placebo. Again, just thinking about the very similar data in dialysis dependent with the active control and thinking about maybe what the hazard ratio could look like in pre-dialysis, especially on MACE, it seems like if you were numerically under one, with that hazard ratio, could give you a real commercial advantage in that setting computing versus some of the other players out there. Thanks and congrats again.
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Yeah, thanks. Thanks, Kennen. Yeah, we are obviously just a few months from seeing that data. So we're excited to see it, and we do think that the similarity of design between INNO2VATE and PRO2TECT matters a lot, and we just can't wait to share the data when we get it. I mean, just like we honestly couldn't be more happy with the data that we're sharing with you today. I wish ASN was next week so that we can share the full data package. And I'm sure I'll feel similarly around -- around PRO2TECT, but we all have to wait and see that data. The next question please?
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
That's it.
Operator
Thank you, this concludes our question-and-answer session. I would now like to turn the call back over to John Butler for closing remarks.
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Joella, and thanks to all of you for joining us today. I started -- you know dialysis patients are among the most at risk during this pandemic. And we're doing all we can as a company to support them that is clearly our mission. It really feels wonderful today to announce data, that is a true innovation that we believe has the opportunity to significantly help these patients. Again I want to thank the investigators and their staff. I want to thank the patients who participated in the trial, and I want to thank the Akebia team for all they did to deliver this outstanding result to us today. Thanks so much for joining us. We look forward to updating you in the future.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 58 minutes
Call participants:
Kristen Sheppard -- Vice President, Investor Relations
John Butler -- President and Chief Executive Officer
Steven K. Burke -- Senior Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Medical Officer
Jason Amello -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Allison Bratzel -- Piper Sandler -- Analyst
Eric Joseph -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Difei Yang -- Mizuho Securities -- Analyst
Bert Hazlett -- BTIG -- Analyst
Chad Messer -- Needham -- Analyst
Ed Arce -- H.C. Wainwright -- Analyst
David Lebowitz -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Kennen MacKay -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst
