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Date

Feb. 4, 2026 at 9 a.m. ET

Call participants

  • President and Chief Executive Officer — Joel Smejkal
  • Chief Financial Officer — David E. McConnell

Takeaways

  • Revenue -- $801 million, up 1.3% sequentially and 12% year over year, driven by 11% volume growth and favorable currency impact, partially offset by a 1% average selling price (ASP) decline.
  • Geographic revenue growth -- All growth came from Asia, which increased 3.6%, while the Americas and Europe were flat due to holiday slowdowns, partially offset by improved industrial demand.
  • Backlog and book-to-bill -- Backlog increased nearly 14% quarter over quarter; book-to-bill ended at 1.2 overall, with semiconductors at 1.27 and passives at 1.13.
  • Segment revenue performance -- All segments grew sequentially except resistors, which remained pressured by US aerospace and defense project delays.
  • Gross margin -- 19.6%, modestly above guidance midpoint and the prior quarter, aided by higher volumes but pressured by elevated metal costs; Newport fab negatively impacted segment gross margin by 600 basis points, an improvement from 720 basis points in the previous quarter.
  • Operating margin -- GAAP operating margin was 1.8%, down from 2.4% in the prior quarter but improved from negative 7.9% in 2024, which reflected a goodwill impairment charge.
  • EBITDA -- $70 million with an 8.8% EBITDA margin, down from 9.6% previously.
  • Cash flow and CapEx -- Generated $149 million in operating cash, including $62 million from non-US accounts receivable securitization; CapEx was $95 million for the quarter, with $75 million toward capacity expansion; full-year CapEx totaled $273 million, below guidance due to delayed fab equipment deliveries.
  • Free cash flow -- $55 million in the quarter, improved from negative $24 million sequentially, primarily due to higher capital expenditures partially offset by receivable securitization.
  • Dividend and share repurchases -- $13.6 million paid as quarterly dividend; no shares repurchased during the period.
  • Liquidity -- Cash and short-term investments were $515 million, with $219 million outstanding on the revolver and $254 million in accessible credit facilities.
  • Inventory metrics -- Inventory decreased to $759 million, inventory days outstanding fell to 107 days, and distribution inventory declined to 22 weeks from 23 weeks; days sales outstanding improved to 48 days from 53 days sequentially.
  • Backlog duration -- Backlog at quarter-end represented $1.3 billion or 4.9 months of revenue coverage.
  • Channel performance -- Sequential revenue growth in all channels: OEM up 1.1%, EMS up 1.4%, and distribution up 1.4%, with distribution leading overall and POS increasing 3% on year-end Asian demand.
  • 2026 guidance -- Projected revenue of $800 million to $830 million, gross margin guided to 19.9% plus or minus 50 basis points including Newport fab drag of 50–75 basis points; depreciation expected at $55 million for Q1 and $218 million for the year; SG&A targeted at $153 million plus or minus $2 million per quarter.
  • CapEx outlook -- 2026 CapEx planned at $400 million to $440 million, with more than half allocated to the 12-inch fab and peak spending occurring in the first half of 2026.
  • Strategic plan progress -- Vishay 3.0 initiatives expanding product portfolio, qualifying over 10,000 new part numbers, advancing silicon carbide technology with Gen 2 and Gen 3 MOSFET releases, and ramping up production at Newport, Taiwan, and Turin facilities.
  • Automotive share gains -- Management said, "we have seen gain of share for Vishay… in particular gaining MOSFET share in diode share" as capacity expansion enabled support for urgent automotive orders during fourth-quarter shortages.
  • Pricing actions -- Smejkal stated, “the resulting price decrease is much less than what was historical... we raised prices on quite a few products in the fourth quarter…that starts to become effective in early Q1.”
  • Free cash flow policy -- Plan to return at least 70% of free cash flow via dividends and buybacks; expect negative free cash flow in 2026 due to elevated capital investments.

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Risks

  • Newport fab continues to act as a margin drag, with CFO McConnell noting, "The negative impact from our Newport fab was approximately 130 basis points," though improving sequentially.
  • SG&A expenses rose to $142 million from $135 million sequentially, primarily from increased compensation, R&D, and legal costs associated with accounts receivable securitization.
  • 2026 free cash flow is projected to be negative due to high CapEx, limiting capacity for share repurchases and other capital returns beyond the dividend.
  • Resistors segment remained pressured by delayed US aerospace and defense spending, leading to lack of sequential growth there.

Summary

Vishay Intertechnology (VSH 3.54%) reported sequential and year-over-year revenue increases, powered by broad-based demand across regions except lagging US aerospace and defense. Higher volumes, particularly in Asia, offset modest price pressure and rising input costs, resulting in gross margin expansion above guidance midpoint. Notably, the company achieved sequential improvements in backlog and book-to-bill ratios, signaling sustained business momentum. Management detailed substantial 2026 CapEx focused on expanding 12-inch fab capacity and qualified new silicon carbide MOSFET products for future automotive and industrial applications. Heightened SG&A, ongoing margin drag at Newport fab, and forecast negative free cash flow—reflecting continued heavy investment—moderated the otherwise positive trajectory.

  • Management stated that mid- to high single-digit growth is expected across main end-markets, with additional volume and share gains already materializing in automotive electronics and AI power applications.
  • CFO McConnell indicated they "continue to deploy cash for capacity expansion projects" while maintaining disciplined working capital management, as reflected in improvements in the cash conversion cycle and inventory days.
  • With over 10,000 qualified part numbers and ramp-up in key facilities, Vishay is increasingly engaging both established and previously underserved customer segments.
  • Although short-term free cash flow is hampered by elevated CapEx, leadership characterized 2026 as "the peak of our five-year capacity expansion plan" and expects capital intensity to normalize thereafter.

Industry glossary

  • TrenchFET MOSFET: A metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor technology using trenches for higher efficiency and power density, particularly in power management applications.
  • Book-to-bill: The ratio of customer orders received (bookings) to products shipped (billings) in a period, used as an indicator of future demand.
  • Silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFET: Power semiconductor devices made from silicon carbide, offering superior efficiency and voltage handling for advanced automotive and industrial applications.
  • EMS: Electronics manufacturing services, referring to third parties that design, manufacture, test, and distribute electronic components or assemblies for original equipment manufacturers.
  • Newport fab: Vishay's wafer fabrication facility in Newport, referenced as a margin impact area during operational ramp-up and audits.
  • POS: Point-of-sale; in this context, refers to end-customer purchases through the distribution channel.

Full Conference Call Transcript

This morning, we reported results for our fourth quarter and year 2025. A copy of our earnings release is available in the Investor Relations section of our website at ir.vishay.com. This call is being broadcast live over the web and can be accessed through our website. In addition, today's call is being recorded and will be available via replay on our website. During the call, we will be referring to a slide presentation, which we also posted at ir.vishay.com. You should be aware that in today's conference call, we will be making certain forward-looking statements that discuss future events and performance. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements.

For a discussion of factors that could cause results to differ, please see today's press release and Vishay's Form 10-K and Form 10-Q filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We are including information in our press release and on this conference call on various GAAP and non-GAAP measures. We have included a full GAAP to non-GAAP reconciliation in our press release, as well as in the presentation posted on ir.vishay.com, which we believe you will find useful when comparing our GAAP and non-GAAP results. We use non-GAAP measures because we believe they provide useful information about the operating performance of our businesses and should be considered by investors in conjunction with GAAP measures.

Now I turn the call over to President and Chief Executive Officer Joel Smejkal.

Joel Smejkal: Thank you, Peter. Morning, everyone. I will start my remarks with a review of the fourth quarter revenue and business performance, and then turn the call over to Dave, who will take you through a review of the fourth quarter financial results and our guidance for 2026. Then I will update you on the strategic levers we are pulling under our five-year strategic plan. After that, we will be happy to answer any of your questions. For the fourth quarter, we generated revenue of $801 million, slightly above the midpoint of our guidance of $790 million and 1.3% higher than the third quarter. A growing broad-based business in industrial power and AI-related power applications drove this sequential increase.

Revenue in all channels grew, led by distribution. Once again, Asia dominated the revenue growth. We executed well, still in an environment of shortages and escalations, by putting our expanded capacity to work to get backlog out the door while generally maintaining competitive lead times. We met urgent supply needs of automotive OEMs and tier ones toward the end of last year. Exercising our capacity readiness, our work under Vishay 3.0 is becoming visible in our revenue generation. Orders for the fourth quarter are at a three-year high across all main product technologies, except capacitors, which reached their three-year high already in '25. Orders from the channels of OEM, distribution, and EMS are also at three-year highs.

Prior to Vishay 3.0, EMS customers ordered much less from Vishay because of our long lead times. Now we have an EMS business as a consistent and growing customer to support our accelerated growth. Overall, our order growth was broad-based in each region, each channel, each of our technologies, and each of our growth end markets: automotive, industrial power, aerospace defense, AI computing, and healthcare. These markets represent about 95% of our core business. After gradually building backlog each quarter over the first nine months of 2025, fourth quarter backlog grew nearly 14% with both semis and passives contributing to the increase. In The Americas, industrial and automotive customers drove semi orders, and aerospace defense customers drove passive orders.

In Europe, we are seeing a broad recovery of industrial end market segments. In Asia, strong AI-related demand once again drove order growth. As a result, we ended the quarter with a book-to-bill of 1.2, up from the previously shared book-to-bill run rate at the October of 1.15. For semis, book-to-bill at quarter end was 1.27, and for passives, it was 1.13. Backlog at quarter end is $1.3 billion or 4.9 months. Improving market demand conditions, inventory replenishments, and our market share gains are putting us in a good position to grow. Positioning Vishay for greater growth and then achieving greater growth is our strategic plan.

With many supporting initiatives from the beginning of Vishay March, we are making it possible through our heavy investment over the past three years to expand capacity for our high-growth, high-product, high-profit products, our initiatives to expand and more fully leverage the breadth of our portfolio of semiconductors and passives, and all of our work we put into strengthening customer engagement, reengaging with previously underserved and inactive customers, and developing new customer relationships. Customers are responding to the positive impacts of Vishay 3.0 with deeper technical engagements, greater collaboration, and their willingness to scale long-term with us. Let's turn to revenue review of revenue for the quarter, starting with the revenue by end market on slide three.

Automotive revenue decreased 3.4% versus the third quarter, mostly related to lower pull rates during the December holiday weeks in The Americas and Europe. Asia automotive revenue grew in a seasonally strong quarter. Orders for the quarter grew in each region. One of the key drivers of this increase is that we have the capacity to interest customers to use Vishay as a new supplier to mitigate the shutdown risk they were facing. It also opened the door to several new opportunities with OEMs and tier ones to supply more vehicle platforms and to become a more meaningful supplier mid to long term. New model year production ramp-ups in customer forecast was another driver of strong bookings during the quarter.

Design activity in automotive continues on projects related to electronic content, increasing including traction inverters, onboard chargers, ADAS, power steering, and infotainment. Industrial power revenue increased 3.2%, driven in part by increasing shipments of our high voltage DC power capacitors to many smart grid infrastructure projects, but also multiproduct inventory replenishment in the channel and strengthening market demand for building security power requirements and new industrial programs ramping up. During the quarter, we won another smart grid infrastructure project in The Americas, which will go into production in 2026. We are continuing discussions with many customers about industrial smart grid projects that extend through the year 2032. In other industrial power segments, bookings were strong in each region.

Demand for industrial power management and demand for industrial automation is beginning to recover. Also, customers are beginning to place orders with longer visibility due to market stretching lead times with diodes and MOSFETs.

Peter G. Henrici: Excuse me.

Joel Smejkal: In The Americas, Vishay 3.0 is gaining previously lost and underserved customers who designed us into the bill of materials years ago, and now we are gaining orders to drive their further volumes. Design supporting AI infrastructure are moving to mass production. These are all positive indications that for Vishay, industrial is back. Our design activity remains focused on power supplies for industrial servers, power monitoring and control systems, next-generation AI power structures, smart meters, and humanoid robots. In addition, many customers are launching new versions of their core product lines. The aerospace defense end markets revenue was slightly down 1.2%, reflecting the impact of the US government shutdown on billings and some projects with delayed timing in Europe.

Orders increased with strong demand, particularly for capacitors, as funding is approved for military programs and in anticipation of production ramps forecasted in 2026. Design activity in The Americas and Europe remains focused on low Earth orbit satellites, drones, missile defense systems, as well as munitions. Revenue in healthcare was flat compared to the third quarter, with shipments tied to program customer program milestones, sales will fluctuate. And for this quarter, revenue declined in The Americas and Asia. Europe, on the other hand, had its strongest quarter in three years on demand for hearing aids, implantables, and diagnostic equipment. Bookings increased.

In The Americas, we are supplying new programs, are ramping up in Q1, and winning new business for capacitors to complement our custom magnetics business as we continue to fully leverage the breadth of Vishay's portfolio. In addition to continuing design activity on drug delivery systems, defibrillation, and advanced patient monitoring, we are now seeing opportunities emerge in the wearable space and are working with customers on heart rate and oxygen monitoring applications. Lastly, in the other category, revenue grew 10.6% versus the third quarter, primarily as customers ramp up production for new products to support AI power management applications. Order intake grew because of the increased production of AI servers and extended component lead times across the industry.

A number of customers are actively adding Vishay to the bill of materials in AI-related applications for both semiconductors and passives. In addition to the continued design activity in power conversion and power management, including multiphase DC to DC converter modules and chipset multiphase power, AI optical modules, we are also working with customers on 800 volts power management applications. Let's start to slide four for channel revenue. We will review the channel revenue here. This quarter, each of our channels, OEM, EMS, and distribution, grew quarter over quarter, led by distribution.

OEM revenue increased 1.1% on a seasonally strong period for automotive customers in Asia and some volume gains in Europe from aerospace defense and industrial customers, which was partially offset by a year-end slowdown in billings. EMS revenue increased 1.4%, reflecting gains in Asia related to AI power and inventory replenishment. While in The Americas and Europe, year-end holiday shutdowns closed receiving docks and reduced inventory at the December. Distribution revenue increased 1.4%, primarily in Asia due to strong automotive and AI demand, in addition to some inventory replenishment. Order intake was strong in each region.

In The Americas and Europe, industrial and aerospace defense customers continue to drive most of the ordering as they prepare for new production starts in Q1. In Asia, bookings are accelerating as distributors replenish backlogs in anticipation of stronger AI demand forecast for 2026, ordering for pre-Lunar New Year in February, and in response to extended lead times for diodes and MOSFETs in both Asia and The Americas. Distribution inventory dropped to 22 weeks from 23 weeks last quarter. POS increased 3% mainly to year-end demand in Asia. In The Americas, industrial and aerospace defense demand drove an increase in POS, following the strongest POS quarter in three years and continued booking records in January. POS in Europe is steady.

Based on customer input, our strategy to cross-sell technologies throughout the channel is delivering results. Turning to our geographical mix on slide five. Revenue growth for the quarter came entirely from Asia, which grew 3.6%, while The Americas and Europe were essentially flat compared to Q3 due to the year-end holiday slowdown, while somewhat offset by improved industrial demand. Before turning the call over to Dave, I would like to take a moment to thank the Vishay employees and our reps for their contributions to Vishay's success and accomplishments in 2025.

Their commitment to putting the customer first, reengaging customers, embracing a business-minded approach, and increasing our production output and expanding our operations is helping to raise Vishay's level of performance and making Vishay 3.0 a reality. Now I will turn the call over to Dave for a review of our fourth quarter financial results.

David E. McConnell: Thanks, Joel, and good morning, everyone. Let's start a review of the fourth quarter results with highlights on Slide six. Fourth quarter revenue was $801 million, exceeding the midpoint of our guidance and increasing 1% sequentially. The improvement was driven by a 2% increase in volume, partially offset by a modest decline in average selling prices. Compared to 2024, revenue increased 12%, driven by an 11% increase in volume. Favorable foreign currency, mainly from the euro, provided an additional 3% benefit, partially offset by a 1% decline in average selling prices, which includes tariff factors. Moving on to the next slide, presenting the income statement highlights.

Gross profit was $157 million, resulting in a gross margin of 19.6%, modestly above both the midpoint of our guidance and the third quarter. Margin performance was driven primarily by higher volumes, which helped offset continued pressure from elevated metals and material costs. The negative impact from our Newport fab was approximately 130 basis points. Depreciation expense was $54 million and flat versus quarter three. SG&A expenses were $142 million, compared to $135 million for the third quarter and to $138 million, the midpoint of our guidance.

SG&A was higher, primarily reflecting higher compensation costs, higher R&D spending, and legal costs and fees related to accounts receivable securitization transactions, which I will discuss as part of our cash flow review in a moment. GAAP operating margin was 1.8%, compared to 2.4% in the third quarter and a negative 7.9% in 2024, which included a goodwill impairment charge. EBITDA for the quarter was $70 million for an EBITDA margin of 8.8%, down from 9.6% in the third quarter. Our GAAP effective tax rate remains unmeaningful at these low levels of pretax income or loss, as relatively small items such as foreign currency and repatriation taxes have a disproportionate impact on the effective tax rate.

We had guided that our Q4 tax expense was going to be between $4 and $8 million, somewhat independent of the earnings level, and our Q4 tax expense was in that range. GAAP earnings per share was 1¢, compared to a loss of 6¢ per share in the third quarter and a loss per share of 49¢ in 2024. Moving on to Slide eight. Provides a summary table detailing revenue, gross margin, and book-to-bill ratios across our reportable segments for quick reference. In the fourth quarter, Newport's results continued to be reported under MOSFETs business segment, reducing that segment's gross margin by approximately 600 basis points, an improvement from the 720 basis points impact seen in Q3.

All reporting segments delivered revenue growth quarter over quarter except resistors, which were impacted by continued delays in US aerospace and defense spending. Turning to Slide nine. In the fourth quarter, our cash conversion cycle improved to 125 days, down from 130 days in Q3, in part due to our continued disciplined working capital management. But in addition, during the quarter, we securitized certain non-US accounts receivable as a means of providing efficient funding to support our immediate 12-inch wafer fab equipment purchase needs, which contributed to our DSO improvement from 53 days in Q3 to 48 days in Q4. Inventory decreased $759 million, and inventory days outstanding improved to 107 days.

Continuing to slide 10, you can see we generated $149 million in operating cash for the fourth quarter, which included $62 million from the securitization of the accounts receivable. We continue to deploy cash for capacity expansion projects. Total CapEx for the quarter was $95 million, including $75 million designated for capacity expansion projects. For the full year, CapEx was $273 million, compared to our guidance of between $300 million and $350 million, as delivery of some equipment related to our new 12-inch fab in Germany was delayed to Q1. For the year, capital intensity was 8.9%, which is a decrease from the 10.9% in the prior year.

Free cash flow for the quarter was $55 million, reflecting the high capital expenditures partially offset by the securitization of the accounts receivable, compared to a negative $24 million in the third quarter. Stockholder returns for the fourth quarter consisted of our $13.6 million quarterly dividend. We did not repurchase any shares in the quarter. At the end of the quarter, our global cash and short-term investment balance was $515 million, and we remain in a net borrowing position in The US with $219 million outstanding on our revolver. As discussed in the past, dividends, any share repurchases, required debt service, and our Newport investments are funded through available US liquidity sources.

We have $254 million accessible on our revolving credit facilities at the current EBITDA levels. We expect to continue to draw on our revolver to fund our US cash needs. Moving over to slide 11 and our guidance. For 2026, revenues are expected to be between $800 million and $830 million. We expect Asia revenue to be lower than Q4 due to the impact of the Lunar New Year, with The Americas and Europe regions making up the difference. We also expect to see sequential revenue increases in each of our five key growth segments: automotive electronic content, industrial power, healthcare, aerospace and defense, and AI computing.

Gross margin is expected to be in the range of 19.9%, plus or minus 50 basis points, including tariff impacts and expected continuing higher input costs. The Newport drag is expected to be between 50 to 75 basis points, and we still expect to exit quarter one with Newport gross profit neutral and accretive thereafter. Depreciation expense is expected to be approximately $55 million for the first quarter and $218 million for the full year 2026. SG&A expenses are expected to be $153 million, plus or minus $2 million.

The increase versus Q4 is primarily due to the accrual of assumed incentive and stock compensation for 2026 versus the lower level of incentive and stock comp in 2025 and a full quarter of fees on the receivable securitization. We are also continuing to invest in R&D and customer-facing activities. We expect to hold at the Q1 level of SG&A expenses for each quarter of 2026. Our GAAP effective tax rate is not meaningful at the low levels of pretax income or loss. We expect tax expense to be between $2 and $4 million in quarter one, assuming a similar mix amongst tax jurisdictions.

Finally, our stockholder return policy calls for us to return at least 70% of our free cash flow to stockholders in the form of dividends and stock repurchases. For 2026, we once again expect negative free cash flow due to our capacity expansion plans. Now I will turn the call back to Joel.

Joel Smejkal: Alright. Thank you, Dave. Let's turn to slide 12 for an update on the strategic levers we are pulling as we execute our five-year strategic plan to drive faster revenue growth, raise our profitability, and enhance capital returns. For CapEx, we expect to spend between $400 million and $440 million during 2026. A bit more than half of the 2026 plan is allocated for investments at our 12-inch fab, including a carryover from 2025 related to equipment delays. Nearly all of the CapEx at our 12-inch fab will be spent during the first half of the year and will represent the peak of our five-year capacity expansion plan.

In the second half of the year, CapEx is expected to be coming down from the first half. To put the 2026 CapEx into perspective, the average of our 2025 spend at the midpoint of our 2026 plan comes to about $350 million, in line with our annual CapEx spend since we began to invest in capacity expansions in 2023. At our Newport facility, we continue to ramp up wafer production in the fourth quarter, and automotive customers continue to audit the site. We have four audits planned for Q1, including two new customers. We are also continuing to ramp up production at our Taiwan and Turin, Italy facilities and getting more products qualified there.

We have released well over 100 automotive part numbers for production, completed site audits with automotive customers, and scheduled others for 2026. We continue to execute our subcontractor initiative, which is freeing up capacity for our high-growth products and also broadening our product portfolio to increase our share of the customer's bill of materials. During the quarter, we qualified additional diodes, inductors, and capacitor products. Since we began this initiative two years ago, we have qualified over 10,000 part numbers, adding many diodes, resistors, capacitors, and inductors to our portfolio. Turning to innovation in our silicon carbide strategy. As planned, we released eight Gen 2 1200 volt planner MOSFETs for industrial use.

More importantly, we now have released our first trench MOSFET, the silicon carbide Gen 3 1200 volts, for industrial and for automotive applications. This is a great technology advancement for Vishay, positioning us to design in 800 volt automotive and AI applications. In terms of solution selling, we released three new reference designs in Q4: two eFuse designs, one is a 40 amp bidirectional, and the second is a 20 amp unidirectional, and also an isolated current sensor for high voltage applications. These reference designs continue our promotion of Vishay products populating 80% or more of the components on a circuit board in a power application. Let's turn to slide 13.

Looking ahead at 2026, we are laser-focused on maintaining capacity readiness to fulfill rising demand, growing share at existing customers, reengaging lost customers, and attracting new customers. Driving innovation and delivering new products and solutions, and expanding production in low-cost countries to support our regional competitiveness. Demand for the power requirements in the five growth segments is expected to remain directionally positive. Customer program visibility is improving, as shippable backlog is developing at later quarters for each of our key markets. Customers are also ramping up production of new projects. With these developments in business momentum, our factories are being loaded at a greater rate than the last quarter and much more so than in recent years.

A solid book-to-bill of 1.2 and a faster rate of backlog development supports our view that revenue will increase each quarter this year. Customers are looking to secure supply while dealing with some extended lead times. We have made tremendous efforts over the past three years to position Vishay to be ready with capacity, to assure our customers of reliable supply, as they scale production and also to supply more part numbers to them. In summary, 2026 is our year to take off.

We are pushing our factories to maintain competitive lead times and to win our customers' trust, positioning us to outperform the market and keeping us on our path to accelerate revenue growth, elevate profitability, and enhance our return on capital. Kevin, we are now ready to open up for questions.

Operator: Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, if you have a question, please press star 11 on your telephone. If your question has been answered and you wish to remove yourself from the queue, please press 11 again. One moment for our first question. Our first question comes from Peter Peng with JPMorgan. Your line is open.

Peter Peng: Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I think last quarter, when you were engaged with your customers, you guys were hearing expectations of mid to high single digits for the industry. Just given that it looks like your book-to-bill has been doing pretty well, bookings are increasing. I guess, what's that view now versus ninety days ago?

Joel Smejkal: Peter. Thanks for the question. The view is still mid to high single digits. If we would divide it up by market segment, we have got the five market drivers we speak about: industrial power, we see as mid to high single digit growth. Automotive, a lot of electronic content. Car count seems to be flattish, but we will say automotive is flat to mid single digit for Vishay because of semis as well as passives. Aerospace defense, we are saying mid to high single digit because we think there will be much more consistent purchasing and program runs in 2026. AI, mid to high single digit. And healthcare, we are saying mid single digits.

So we are still in that market of mid to high single digit, and we are pushing to outperform the rate of growth of the market. Got it.

Peter Peng: And then a follow-up, if I may. Just on the gross margins, I know you guys are kind of facing some higher material costs and FX pressures. Have you tried to rework that into your annual negotiations? And then what's the right way to think about your gross margins kind of going forward as we progress through the year?

Joel Smejkal: You want to take the second one, or you want to take the I'll take the first one. And Dave will take the second one. Yeah. We had a lot of annual contractual negotiations happen October through December. The resulting price decrease is much less than what was historical. We still have a price decrease because we were able to gain volume by positioning Vishay for greater share. So in the contractual agreements, less than historical ASP decline. We also went out in October and started increasing prices due to metals. We were one of the first to do it. Initially, got some pushback, but then it was realized across the industry that it is inevitable for everyone.

So we raised prices on quite a few products in the fourth quarter. That starts to become effective in early Q1 depending on some contractual terms. And now we look at the metals today, and we continue to polish this. And in some product lines, we will come back with the second price increase. So metals is an important item that we evaluate every day. We have made the adjustments. And we see our ASP decline lower than historical for 2026. Dave, do you want to take the second part?

David E. McConnell: Yeah. Yeah. Sure. Sure. So, Peter, just to give you some our thought process on the guidance of the '28 on the margin, so as Joel just mentioned, obviously, the annual contracts all hit in the first quarter. Right? So if ASP push against our volume increase basically cancel each other out. As you on my commentary, you will see the Newport drag has lessened, and it is going to lessen in the first quarter. So we get some benefit from that. And then the metals is fighting is this is the fourth component that is fighting against that. So when you add those four up, we get to the nineteen nine.

How that progresses through the rest of the year, obviously, the ASP declines are mostly front-loaded with the annual contracts. Wage increases and such are already built into the first quarter. The book is still, so we have book-to-bill 1.2. So with volume efficiencies, we should be generating. We can see improvement in the margin as we move through the year. And the Newport and as well as the Newport fab continues to ramp up. Got it. Thank you.

Operator: One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Neil Young with Needham and Company. Your line is open.

Shadi Mottwali: Hey, guys. This is Shadi Mottwali on for Neil Young. Thanks for letting us ask a question. To start off, I know you guys mentioned auto orders have increased as your guys' capacity has increased. But I was wondering what the company is seeing in the overall automotive demand environment.

Joel Smejkal: Hi, Shadi. We have seen gain of share for Vishay. Through the negotiations in the quarter, in particular gaining MOSFET share in diode share. Because of the geopolitical issue that happened in the fourth quarter. We have seen increasing volumes going into 2026 with the large contractual customers. If we look at automotive overall, automotive, we see technology development in four areas. Battery management continues to be one. Infotainment in the car is two. Electrification is three. And ADAS is four. So we are seeing these four technology applications really driving a lot of design activity. Car count, people say car count generally flat. But we are excited about platform changes with customers as well as those four applications.

Continuing to need the Vishay semis as well as passives. So we see automotive as mid flat to mid single digit depending on program start.

Shadi Mottwali: Got it. Thank you. And then my follow-up is more of a broad-based question. But have customer conversations changed given the recent increases in pricing for memory?

Joel Smejkal: For memory? Yes. It is always a discussion of where will the memory supply land. When you look at the segments that we serve, AI, memory and AI for sure, memory in consumer products. Consumer is quite small for us. Automotive has some memory. Not as much of a consumer as AI and compute. So people are watching it closely. When I was in CES memory, where is the memory going to be delivered to was a concern. We look at the applications we are in industrial power. The automotive, aerospace defense, the memory of those is lower in consumption than computer.

It is going to be dependent on where the memory lands for sure, but we, at this point, are not forecasting a negative impact to revenue. Because of the segments we are serving, we believe they will get the small amount of memory that they need.

Shadi Mottwali: Great. Thank you.

Joel Smejkal: Thanks, Shadi.

Operator: One moment for our next question. Next question comes from Ruplu Bhattacharya with Bank of America. Your line is open.

Ruplu Bhattacharya: Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. Can you talk a little bit more about the automotive segment? Are you seeing any share gains against Nexperia? And Joel, can you talk about your content in different types of vehicles and gas cars versus EVs, and how do you see that content trending over the next couple of years?

Joel Smejkal: Yep. Automotive, those four drivers that I mentioned: electrification, infotainment, battery management, and ADAS. Those are really nice development applications for us. Gaining share, we have done quite well to support the shortages that were in the marketplace in December. We were able to engage the OEMs as well as tier ones. We were given opportunities to cross part numbers. We crossed as many as we could with the equal equivalent matchup. And then we went through our wafer stock and any inventory that we might have found or expedited production to keep the automotive customer satisfied. But what also developed with that is the customer really became closer to Vishay. They learned a lot more about us.

Because we were there to support a crisis, but then they wanted to learn more about future engagement. So we are gaining share. We continue to be looked at differently from the automotive OEMs than in the past. Positively, differently. And the tier ones gave us opportunities on part numbers and programs that we previously had no share. So we see it as positive, definitely positive. For the development and how Vishay responded, the feedback from customers was Vishay, we road-tested you. You were able to give us product. And we see that Vishay 3.0 is real. So let's talk about future engagement. Ruplu, regarding the different powertrains.

Whether it is ICE or if it is hybrid, or EV, our content is pretty similar across all three. EV has the greatest content for sure because of redundant systems required. So there is more content there. Silicon carbide, as you know, we were not a player in silicon carbide on EV yet. But now the release of our trench product this month brings those samples to customer engineers to be able to now qualify Vishay into these next-generation automotive programs. So we are pretty excited about that. I think we will see our automotive content grow because we now are participating in the 400 volt, 800 volt systems of EV. That will be in the future.

Ruplu Bhattacharya: Okay. Thanks for the details there. Can I just ask, so you talked about share gains? How much is that benefiting revenues in the March?

Joel Smejkal: It is starting small. And we will see the ramping up beyond the March. Some automotive have to qualify the site. We did the part number cross on paper. And that they need to qualify the site. So I mentioned there are audits coming in Q1. Once those audits get done, the PCMs get approved. Then we will see the continued ramp up in later quarters.

Ruplu Bhattacharya: Okay. Can I ask for some more details on CapEx spend and on OpEx? What are the areas of spend that you are going to have this year? And in the past, you have kind of put off or delayed the CapEx spending. With the spend that you are going to have this year, would you be caught up in terms of how you see demand and what CapEx and your manufacturing capacity be sufficient for future demand? So can you talk about, like, areas of investment and how you see your overall CapEx plan for the next couple of years?

Joel Smejkal: Okay. The carryover that we talked about, we had intended to spend some of the money in 2025 on the equipment for the 12-inch fab. That is carried over into 2026. So that puts us in the range of $400 to $440 million. Around $230 million or so is for that. Aside from that, there are capacitor projects, the large DC power capacitor that we talk about for the smart grid. We are expanding production there because of projects that we are speaking about out to the year 2032. Tantalum polymer is another high order rate product. The tantalum polymer is used in AI, automotive, industrial, used in multimarket segments, so there will be expansion there.

Our inductor product, the power inductors, we have the La Laguna facility. The inductors were the cornerstone of that site, and they will be expanding further in Mexico because customers are looking for regional supply as well as nontariff supply. So on the passive side, it is very targeted and selective. There is always there is also small spending on semiconductor projects where there may be a tooling requirement for a few million dollars here and there.

But I think we come over the peak of our CapEx spending in 2026, and we start to return to a more normal type of spending where we do not have a project that is $100 million, $200 million, those projects would be behind us. Dave, do you have any Yeah. No. I was going to say, Ruplu, yeah, we are the days of the nine and ten percent cash capital intensity will be done. Yes. We will be back down to more normal levels. Obviously, we will have a higher revenue base, so the absolute dollar CapEx may be higher, but we will be back to the five and six percent levels.

Ruplu Bhattacharya: Great. Can I ask just one last question, Dave? Just in terms of capital allocation and buybacks, how are you guys thinking about that? And Joel, is this time for any M&A, you know, either on the passive side or on the active side? Thank you for taking my questions.

David E. McConnell: So the capital allocation, we have our you know, we have our return policy shareholder return policy, which is 70% of free cash flow. And we are predicting because of the 12-inch fab expenditures, our free cash flow will be negative for the year. Or down to zero, then you can ballpark it. So we are going to maintain the dividend. So I think that is the answer from the capital allocation side. I will let Joel answer the M&A side.

Joel Smejkal: Yeah. Ruplu, M&A is always on the table. We look across passives and we look across semis with select technology. So it is on the table. We continue to look at it. Nothing to share at this point about a specific technology. But getting over the peak of this capital spending allows Vishay to then get into M&A at a deeper rate as well as continued restructuring of our footprint. We have got manufacturing locations that we still have as the next step to do an optimization and restructuring. So M&A for later spending plus optimization of our footprint.

Ruplu Bhattacharya: Okay. Alright. Thank you for all the details. Appreciate it.

Joel Smejkal: Thanks for the questions.

Operator: And I am not showing any further questions at this time. I turn the call back to Joel for any further remarks.

Joel Smejkal: Thank you, Kevin. Thank you, everyone, for joining our call in the fourth quarter. We have made tremendous efforts over the last three years to have the capacity ready to assure our customers of reliable supply, and I think it is really coming together now with the amount of interaction we have with customers plus the book-to-bill. The book-to-bill in January '26 is really building our momentum and setting this for a really successful year of Vishay 3.0 takeoff. We look forward to talking to you again in May, where we will report the first quarter results. Thank you very much. Have a great day.

Operator: Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude today's presentation. You may now disconnect, and have a wonderful day.