Well, that was fast. On Aug. 14, Bitcoin (BTC -0.33%) hit a new all-time high of $124,000, and crypto traders were buzzing about a potential mind-blowing, year-end rally for the world's most popular cryptocurrency.
But less than a week later, Bitcoin is back down to $115,000, and there's much less certainty about its future trajectory. Here are 3 factors that could determine where Bitcoin heads next.
The outlook for the U.S. economy
At one time, Bitcoin was completely uncorrelated with any major asset class. Money flowed into and out of Bitcoin regardless of what was happening around it. But not anymore. Amidst a wave of institutional adoption, Bitcoin is starting to respond to the same types of macroeconomic factors as more traditional assets.
Image source: Getty Images.
And that's a big reason why Bitcoin has dipped from $124,000 to $115,000 in a matter of mere days. The narrative around the U.S. economy has been flipped on its head. New inflation data came in hotter than expected, and that spooked traders. If inflation is not under control, the thinking goes, then the Fed might not cut interest rates after all.
That would be disastrous for Bitcoin. A Fed rate cut -- and perhaps even a series of Fed rate cuts -- had already been priced in. Typically, these rate cuts help to juice the crypto market. When rates head lower, traders move into riskier, more speculative assets, and that typically includes cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin.
Institutional adoption
Broadly speaking, institutional adoption refers to the desire of institutional investors to add Bitcoin to their portfolios. Using the new spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs), it's now relatively easy for them to adjust their crypto allocations in a way that simply had not been possible before these ETFs launched in January 2024.
That's why there's so much attention paid to inflows and outflows vis-a-vis the spot Bitcoin ETFs. This might sound obvious, but net inflows are hugely positive for Bitcoin. They suggest that institutional investors are ramping up their exposure to Bitcoin and dialing up their allocations. Over both the short term and long term, this is very bullish for Bitcoin.
Of course, it's easy to boost your exposure to Bitcoin if it's soaring in price and hitting new all-time highs. But what happens when the price of Bitcoin stalls out or even declines?
While retail investors have been trained to buy the dip, institutional investors may face entirely different pressures. If other financial assets are also falling in value, large institutional investors may be forced to liquidate their Bitcoin holdings as part of a new rebalancing of their portfolios. This is what many think is happening now.
Will the U.S. government buy Bitcoin or not?
Earlier in the year, one of the biggest narratives around Bitcoin involved the launch of the new Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. In March, a new White House executive order gave the U.S. Treasury broad authority to round up the government's supply of Bitcoin and move it all into one central reserve. It hinted that new purchases of Bitcoin might be possible as long as they could be done in a "budget-neutral" way.
The bullish take on all this was that the U.S. government was about to go on a massive Bitcoin buying spree, which would incentivize other sovereign nations to follow suit. That, in turn, would lead to a global "Bitcoin arms race." As a result of all this new buying pressure, Bitcoin was supposed to soar in value. To get around the budget-neutral restrictions, the U.S. government was reportedly going to use DOGE savings, or perhaps even new tariff revenue, as a way to buy Bitcoin.
But guess what? That's unlikely to happen this year. In mid-August, U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent publicly remarked that the government actually had no intention of buying Bitcoin anytime soon. However, as before, he left open the door to Bitcoin purchases in the future.
Bitcoin to $150,000?
If history is any guide, Bitcoin typically performs poorly in August, turns in a weak September, and then goes on a monster year-end rally. So, if Bitcoin again turns in a lackluster August and September, it could be the case that history is simply repeating itself.
So no need to worry quite yet. According to prediction markets, Bitcoin still has a 37% chance of hitting $150,000 by the end of the year. As long as you're comfortable with the volatility of crypto, any pullback in Bitcoin's price could be yet another opportunity to buy the dip.
