The Food and Drug Administration can influence how well a drug sells by determining the warning labels that must accompany the drug. Unfortunately for drugmakers, the ability to slap a warning label on a drug isn't limited to when the drug is approved. Labels are constantly updated as new safety information becomes available.

Fortunately for drugmakers, it's also possible to get a warning label removed.

Good: Better late than never
Earlier this month, the FDA removed the warning label on Gilead Sciences' (Nasdaq: GILD) pulmonary arterial hypertension drug, Letairis, determining it wasn't really necessary.

When the drug was approved in 2007, there was hope it wouldn't carry the warning telling doctors and patients about potential liver problems like its competitor Tracleer, from Actelion. But the FDA slapped the drug with a warning label.

Now that there's more experience with the drug, the FDA has removed the warning and a requirement that patients receive monthly liver function tests. Theoretically that gives the drug an advantage over Tracleer, but we'll have to see whether doctors are willing to accept the FDA's about-face.

Bad: A generic who cares
The FDA increased its scrutiny of Johnson & Johnson's (NYSE: JNJ) Topamax this month. The seizure and migraine drug appears to be increasing the risk of babies with cleft lip or cleft pallet being born to women who took the drug during pregnancy. The agency upped the status from Pregnancy Category C -- there are some animal studies suggesting potential risk -- to Pregnancy Category D, where doctors need to weigh the risks and benefits of the drug because there's evidence of fetal risk.

The agency didn't issue an all-out ban on pregnant women taking the drug, but the heightened safety issue may cause many pregnant women to stop taking the medication, especially since there are other options available.

Johnson & Johnson could care less. The drug went off patent in 2009. Teva Pharmaceutical (Nasdaq: TEVA), Mylan (Nasdaq: MYL), and Watson Pharmaceuticals, which all sell generic versions of the drug, will probably see sales decrease, but they're diversified enough that changes in the sales of one drug will have minimal overall effect.

Ugly: The innocent bystander
The big loser in the Topamax change was VIVUS (Nasdaq: VVUS), which is developing an obesity drug called Qnexa that contains the active ingredient in Topamax.

Considering how hard the agency has been on other obesity drugs -- Arena Pharmaceuticals' (Nasdaq: ARNA) lorcaserin and Orexigen's (Nasdaq: OREX) Contrave -- the additional warning can't be a good sign.

Prior to the added warning, the FDA requested that VIVUS try to figure out the relative risk for expectant mothers taking Qnexa.

Just because the FDA kept Topamax on the market, investors shouldn't assume that it means the active ingredient can be approved as a treatment for obesity. The level of cleft lip that's an acceptable risk for epileptics taking the medicine is surely higher than it is for obesity, where diet and exercise work reasonably well with limited side effects -- sore muscles and growling stomachs notwithstanding.

Keep your eyes open
Once a drug is approved, investors can't fall asleep and ignore FDA announcements about drugs. They come in different varieties, but warnings tend to be of the bad and ugly variety more often than the good.