Not all dividends are created equal. Here, we'll do a top-to-bottom analysis of a given company to understand the quality of its dividend and how it's changed over the past five years.
The company we're looking at today is Lazard (NYSE: LAZ), which yields 2.3%.
Dividend
To evaluate the quality of a dividend, the first thing to consider is whether the company has paid a dividend consistently over the past five years, and, if so, how much has it grown.
Lazard Dividend Chart by YCharts
Lazard's dividend has risen three times in the last 5 years and now rests at $0.16 per quarter.
Immediate safety
To understand how safe a dividend is, we use two crucial tools, first:
- The interest coverage ratio, or the number of times interest is earned, which is calculated by earnings before interest and taxes, divided by interest expense. The interest coverage ratio measures a company's ability to pay the interest on its debt. A ratio less than 1.5 is questionable; a number less than 1 means the company is not bringing in enough money to cover its interest expenses.
Lazard Times Interest Earned TTM Chart by YCharts
Lazard covers every $1 in operating expense with $5 in operating earnings.
Sustainability
The other tool we use to evaluate the safety of a dividend is:
- The FCF payout ratio, or dividends per share divided by free cash flow per share. Earnings alone don't always paint a complete picture of a business's health. The FCF payout ratio measures the percent of free cash flow devoted toward paying the dividend. Again, a ratio greater than 80% could be a red flag.
Source: S&P Capital IQ.
Despite dropping below zero in 2007 and spiking briefly in 2009, Lazard has generally maintained a low free cash flow payout ratio.
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