The Dow Jones Industrial Average (^DJI 0.56%) on Tuesday fell harder than it has in two weeks, closing below 17,000 points for the 29,550th (give or take a few) trading day in its 118-year history. It was a sharp rebuke -- at least for the short term -- to bullish forecasters who expected breaching 17,000-point barrier to lead to steadier gains and broader optimism. However, despite the Dow's 0.7% drop, its 16,906-point closing price is still the 11th-highest value the index has ever recorded. The question now isn't "can the Dow get back to 17,000?," since it's bound to recover given a long enough timeline, even if it begins to crash tomorrow. The question should be, "how long will it take?"
Elsewhere on the markets, smaller companies and momentum stocks sold off more steeply than the Dow's components. The S&P 500 (^GSPC 0.11%) finished 0.7% lower, while the momentum-stock-heavy Nasdaq Composite fell by 1.4%. Both indices are still doing better than the Dow this year, although a continued flight from momentum stocks certainly won't help the Nasdaq maintain that claim for long, as it already endured a stretch of sub-Dow returns earlier this year:
Roughly 125 of the S&P's 500 components finished with gains today, and none ended more than 2% higher. On the other hand, the S&P's five big losers would be quite familiar to momentum investors: Netflix, Facebook, salesforce.com, First Solar, and TripAdvisor. All but Salesforce had enjoyed strong growth for the year before today's loss; even after the drop, all but Salesforce can still boast a 15% gain for 2014:
Among all Dow components, only Procter & Gamble, Wal-Mart (WMT 1.83%), and ExxonMobil ended the day on an up note.
Wal-Mart's 0.8% gain led all 30 components as investors reacted to reports of new CEO Doug McMillon's ambitious efforts to jolt the slumbering retail giant. A Wall Street Journal article published today details McMillon's "urgent instructions to accelerate new store concepts and online strategies in an attempt to gain back market share from encroaching rivals like Amazon.com (AMZN +2.02%) and fast-expanding dollar store chains." McMillon is also taking cues from the Jeff Bezos bio The Everything Store, which could offer the world's largest retailer some ideas to jump-start its growth -- domestic sales have now declined for five consecutive quarters. The company's growth has been driven by international expansion, but even so, Wal-Mart's profit margins have been dropping in recent years, and are now near lows not seen since just before the financial crisis:
WMT Revenue (Quarterly) data by YCharts.
Wal-Mart's efforts will now focus on a larger number of small stores, which could wind up being so small that 20 might fit in a typical company superstore. The retailer will also take cues from Amazon's real-time pricing system at its own e-commerce site, scrapping a long-standing marketing focus on low prices and deep discounts in favor of dynamic adjustments that can adapt to competitors' pricing. Wal-Mart will also promote daily and hourly values on its site, in another nod to (or direct rip off of) Amazon's popular daily deal banners. While Wal-Mart trails far behind Amazon in online revenue, the segment is its brightest star, as the Journal noted a 30% year-over-year improvement to $10 billion in revenue for the most recent fiscal year.
Will these changes be enough? A ship worth half a trillion dollars (Wal-Mart's trailing 12-month revenue was $477 billion) can't be expected to turn on a dime. The megaretailer's brand perception is also all but set in stone at this point, which may make it more difficult to lure new customers, regardless of how clever the company's tactics may be. Even if it does grow again domestically, Wal-Mart is unlikely to repeat the market-beating performance it posted during its first decade as a Dow component. From 1997 to 2007, both Wal-Mart's revenue and its share price grew by threefold, roughly tripling the Dow's gain over that time frame. Over the past five years, however, Wal-Mart's top line has grown less than 20% larger.
