Image source: The Motley Fool.
Forestar Group Inc (FOR -1.02%)
Q1Â 2020 Earnings Call
Jan 23, 2020, 5:00 p.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Greetings, and welcome to the Forestar Group's First Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. [Operator Instructions]
It's now my pleasure to introduce your host, Jessica Hansen, Vice President of Investor Relations for D.R. Horton, the 65% majority owner of Forestar. Jessica, please go ahead.
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Thank you, Kevin. We welcome each of you to our call to discuss Forestar's financial results along with the company's expected growth and capital plans.
Before we get started, today's call may include comments that constitute forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Although, Forestar believes any such statements are based on reasonable assumptions, there is no assurance that actual outcomes will not be materially different. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to Forestar on the date of this conference call and Forestar does not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements. Additional information about issues that could lead to material changes in performance is contained in Forestar's Annual Report on Form 10-K which is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
This afternoon's earnings release is on Forestar's website at investor.forestar.com and the 10-Q is planned to be filed early next week. After this call, we will post an updated investor presentation to Forestar's Investor Relations site under events and presentations for your reference.
Now, I will turn the call over to Dan Bartok, CEO of Forestar.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Jessica. And good afternoon, everyone. In addition to Jessica, I'm pleased to be joined on this call by Collin Dawson, D.R. Horton's Vice President of Corporate Finance and Treasurer, who works closely with Jessica and me on Forestar's finance and Investor Relations efforts.
Our team delivered a solid first quarter and made significant progress toward executing on our plans for fiscal 2020. We will discuss these results in detail, but first I'd like to remind everyone about Forestar's unique business model and how it differentiates our company in the marketplace. Unlike other land developers, we bring a production-oriented returns focused manufacturing mindset to the land development process. We are focused on short duration, fully entitled residential lot development. We develop our projects in a phased manner, and typically have a signed lot purchase agreement from a known buyer prior to making any significant new investments. Our approach to land development is lower risk than other public land developers and will produce more consistent cash flow and returns as we achieve the scales.
Forestar also has a unique and strategic relationship with D.R. Horton, the nation's largest builder. Our relationship with D.R. Horton derisks the expansion of our operating platform and allows us to have a footprint that is more geographically diverse than most public home builders. D.R. Horton has an immense appetite for finished lots, and we are leveraging the strategic relationship to deliver top line revenue growth that is unmatched within the broader home building and land development universe.
I'll turn it over to Jessica now to discuss some of our financial highlights.
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Thank you, Dan. In the first quarter, net income attributable to Forestar increased 412% to $16.9 million or $0.35 per diluted share, compared to $3.3 million or $0.08 per diluted share in the prior year quarter. Forestar's first quarter revenues increased 542% to $247 million, which included $30 million of residential tract sales.
Residential lots sold during the quarter totaled 2,422 lots, an increase of 368% from the prior year quarter. The average lot sales price for the quarter was $90,300. 58% of lots sold in the quarter were from development projects with the remainder from lot banking. Of Forestar's total lot sold, approximately 2,400 were sold to D.R. Horton during the quarter. Dan?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
It's our goal to build a company that will produce consistent returns. During this period of rapid growth, we expect significant variability in our quarter-to-quarter results. However, at scale we are confident that our low risk, high turnover production oriented lot manufacturing model will produce consistent returns.
Our pre-tax income for the quarter was $22.2 million with a pre-tax profit margin of 9%. Our gross profit margin was 12.4% in the first quarter, and SG&A expense as a percentage of revenues was 4.2%. We continue to expect our pre-tax profit margin in fiscal 2020 to be in the mid to high single-digit percentage range. For the remainder of the fiscal year, we expect significant quarterly fluctuations in our gross and pre-tax margins due to the quarterly mix of our lot deliveries, the timing of tract sales, and the timing of incremental SG&A while building out our platform.
We still anticipate approximately two-thirds of our lot deliveries in fiscal 2020 will be from lot development projects, which typically generate gross margins ranging from 14% to 22%. Our current development project portfolio is heavily weighted to shorter duration projects, not sourced by Forestar, which will produce margins at the lower end of this range.
Additionally, short-term lot banking projects are expected to be roughly one-third of lot deliveries during fiscal 2020. Lot banking is expected to generate 12% to 16% annual returns with gross margins ranging from 3% to 9% due to the short duration of our current portfolio.
Finally, the continued build-out of our platform infrastructure will require increased SG&A to support our ability to achieve scale. At scale, we believe we will manage our business at an SG&A percentage lower than a typical home builder. Jessica?
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Forestar's underwriting criteria for new development projects includes a minimum 15% annual pre-tax return on inventory and a return of the initial cash investment within 36 months. During the first quarter, investments in lots, land and development totaled $230 million, of which $120 million was for land, and $110 million was for land development. In fiscal 2020, Forestar continues to expect to invest approximately $1 billion subject to market conditions.
Forestar is currently operating in 51 markets and 20 states, which is an increase of 16 markets and four states from a year ago. Forestar is more diversified today and in more markets than most home builders. Forestar's recruiting efforts to date continue to be very successful, and the company has recently opened it's thirteenth division office. There continues to be tremendous opportunity for growth through Forestar's existing markets and our relationship with D.R. Horton.
Forestar's lot position increased 16% sequentially from September 30th to 44,500 lots at quarter-end. Of Forestar's lot position at December 31st, 32,200 are owned and 12,300 are controlled through purchase contracts. 12,700 or 39% of Forestar's owned lots are already under contract to sell to D.R. Horton, representing approximately $1 billion of future revenue. Another 12,900 of Forestar's owned lots are subject to a right of first offer to D.R. Horton under the Master Supply Agreement. Forestar currently expects to own a three to four year inventory of land and lots. Colin?
Collin Dawson -- Vice President of Corporate Finance and Treasurer.
While Forestar continues to grow its platform and scale rapidly, the company is focused on maintaining sufficient liquidity, and modest leverage. At December 31st, Forestar had approximately $720 million of liquidity, including $370 million of unrestricted cash and approximately $350 million of available capacity on its revolving credit facility.
Forestar's net debt to capital ratio at quarter end was 9.7%, and the company has $119 million of convertible senior notes maturing in March that are expected to be settled in cash at maturity. Forestar is focused on maintaining a strong balance sheet that will utilize modest leverage. Subject to markets conditions, the company expects to opportunistically access the public markets to provide additional capital for long-term growth, while managing to a net leverage ratio of 40% or less. At December 31st, stockholders equity was $826 million, and book value per share was $17.19, up 7% from one year ago. Dan?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Forestar is uniquely positioned to consolidate market share in a highly fragmented, lot development industry through housing market and economic cycles. We now expect to deliver 10,000 lots and generate $800 million to $850 million of revenue in fiscal 2020, and continue to expect to deliver approximately 12,000 lots and generate $900 million to $1 billion of revenue in fiscal 2021.
At scale, we expect our operating model to produce financial results and returns that are similar to or better than most mid-cap home builders, with long-term pre-tax margins of approximately 10%. As I indicated earlier, we still expect our pre-tax profit margin to be in a mid to high single-digit percentage range for fiscal 2020, and approximately 10% by fiscal 2021.
Before we turn to questions, I'd like to remind everyone of Forestar's investment highlights from my perspective. We have a unique lot manufacturing business model, very different than a typical land developer. We have a strategic relationship with D.R. Horton, the nation's largest builder. We are in a significant growth trajectory, we are geographically diversified, we are focused on developing lots for affordably priced housing, the heart of the market. We have an experienced management team that is excited about our opportunities. We have a strong balance sheet and liquidity position, we are profitable at our current operating levels and we will enhance our results as our portfolio matures and we continue to build scale. To put it simply, we are executing on our plans and are positioned for continued success.
Kevin, at this time, we'll now open the line up for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. We'll now be conducting a question-and-session. [Operator Instructions] Our first question today is coming from Truman Patterson from Wells Fargo. Your line is now live.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Hi, good evening everybody, nice results.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Truman.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
First, I just want to touch on lot count in 2020, very strong balance sheet over $700 million in liquidity, only 10% net debt to total capital. Could you just walk us through how we should be thinking about your total lot count ending 2020? I know this has a lot of moving parts. You're delivering 10,000 lots this year that will need to be replenished, you're purchasing lots outright which could take up more capital than if you decide to option. But how should we think of total lot count ending 2020? Should it increase in a similar range as 2019 where you all had lot count increase by about 18,000 year-over-year or would that be too aggressive?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Well, I think we just really have to go back to what we're saying as our target for lot sales. Remember, that we're really targeting a three to four year lot supply. We're opportunistically buying transactions, this last quarter was unique in our growth in owned and controlled lots without a significant increase in our inventory. We're just continuing to kind of execute deal by deal. And -- but we clearly are going to grow that platform in order to support our continued growth.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Okay. Is there any limiting factor, inability to find land that is in meaning, your underwriting hurdles that would kind of limit or cap that or is that just more of an internal decision?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Well, it really goes back to people and capital. That really I think is our limiting factor, we're building a great team, we're continuing to source more Forestar sourced transactions in addition to the support we're getting from the Horton sourced transactions. I think our pipeline is as strong as it's ever been, and I feel like we're really poised for good execution.
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
And we believe the three to four year owned lot supply gives them the ability as they phase-develop to continue to grow into that and is sufficient for continued growth in coming years, so they don't need to own more than three to four years of land, and that's a big part of their returns improving over the coming years is delivering more revenue and profits on three to four year owned lot supply.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Okay. Could you all discuss how many fully developed lots do you have in your backlog currently?
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
4,100.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
It's about 4,000.
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Yeah. 4,100 at the end of December.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Okay, great. And then, final one for me and then I'll hop back in queue. Just looking over the past 12 months, what kind of lot price appreciation have you all seen in some of your core markets, either what you've been able to pass-through to the end-user, i.e. D.R. Horton? Or on the inflation side, what have you seen, your cost kind of go up when you're out looking at the land?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. That's really a hard question to answer. On an individual basis, most of the lots we're selling today were contracted for a year to 15 months ago. As I see new transactions, we're definitely seeing a lift in pricing on a market-by-market basis, but I don't know that I could really give you a percentage number on that, I probably want to do a little bit more homework before I answer that question.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Would a ballpark in maybe some of your core markets be kind of low to mid-single-digits?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
It's probably a good guess, yeah. And again, I think costs have gone up, concrete has gone up a little bit on some of our -- some of our concrete work. And I think a little bit cost in grading, I think there is -- but it's really limited to certain markets where there is really a lot of development taking place in those sub-markets. But I think we've been able to easily achieve increased pricing as it relates to the increase in costs.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Okay. Thank you, all. Nice quarter.
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Thanks, Truman.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Truman.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question today is coming from Ryan Gilbert from BTIG. Your line is now live.
Ryan Gilbert -- BTIG -- Analyst
Hi. Thanks, guys. Just to piggyback on Truman's question. Are you seeing an ability to price above the cost increases that you're seeing in the market, just given how demand has been year-to-date?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Yes. I would say that we're able to maintain margins and our projected returns in all of our underwriting and clearly pass on any increasing cost in lot pricing.
Ryan Gilbert -- BTIG -- Analyst
Okay, got it. And then, as I said, it seems like demand has been pretty good so far in 2020 and we've had that 10,000 lot goal out there for some time now. And I guess, I'm wondering in the event that we see the demand holding up throughout the year. Can you talk about your ability to flex out a lot production capacity to meet higher demand and potentially get above that 10,000 lot delivery range? I guess, with the understanding that this land development is a slow business, even lot manufacturing.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Yes. Again, in most market it takes me closer to a year, even on second phases, it takes me close to a year to actually get lots on the ground. We're monitoring sales pretty closely at all of our sub-divisions in order to try to get ahead of any increased demand. In a couple of cases we are accelerating when we're getting lots on the ground. So -- I mean we're hopeful that we'll be able to exceed the 10,000, but we feel pretty comfortable that we'll get there. But as we -- if you look at our first quarter and you think it's simply pretty easy, but we've had a great quarter. And I think we tried to steer you guys all along that it's going to be lumpy quarter-to-quarter.
Ryan Gilbert -- BTIG -- Analyst
Great, understood. And then just last one for me. In terms of accessing the public markets in 2020, can you talk about your preference for debt versus equity capital?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Collin, do you want to take a shot at that one?
Collin Dawson -- Vice President of Corporate Finance and Treasurer.
Sure. Ryan, so our approach to the capital structure is really centered on being conservative, flexible and disciplined through our capital raising efforts last year together with the performance of the business. Forestar is in a-we're in a unique and great position where we can be opportunistic as it relates to the timing and sequencing of debt versus equity. And certainly, our approach to tapping the capital markets will parallel our philosophy on capital structure. We're going to be opportunistic but disciplined as we evaluate the capital markets, but certainly any decisions we make would be centered on being maintaining a conservative capital structure, and certainly leverage less than 40% net.
Ryan Gilbert -- BTIG -- Analyst
Okay, great. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question today is coming from Michael Rehaut from JP Morgan. Your line is now live.
Elad Elie Hillman -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Hi. This is Elad on for Mike. Nice job this quarter. First, ASPs are elevated again. And I was curious, what were the drivers of the higher ASP? Was it mix issues again, maybe land banking or West Coast lots? And do you expect this elevated ASP to occur again in 2Q?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
You hit it right on. It was -- it's definitely a mix of lots and there was somewhat of a concentration of lot banking in the West that came through this quarter, and the same as last quarter. If you see quarter-to-quarter, we exceeded 90,000 ASP in both quarters. I don't expect that to continue. If you look at the amount of lot banking that we did in this quarter and I think where we're steering you for the rest of the year, I think you will see a follow-up in lot banking sales for the rest of the year.
Elad Elie Hillman -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Okay, thank you. And also, just in terms of 2Q continuing, any other color that you could provide in terms of closings, gross margin or SG&A?
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
No, we're really sticking with annual guidance. As Dan already indicated, it's going to be lumpy from quarter-to-quarter, although on an annual basis it's a very significant growth trajectory. Just with the timing of lot deliveries and impact of mix, it's going to be lumpy quarter-to-quarter, so we're not planning to provide any quarterly guidance.
Elad Elie Hillman -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Okay. So just turning to the full year. I was wondering what's baked into the revised fiscal year '20 total revenue guide in terms of residential tract sales given you had another big tract sale this quarter?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. That's really what it was. We actually had three tract sales in this quarter, two small multi-family pieces and one larger residential tract. That won't be repeated, so that's why we feel pretty good about raising the bottom of our revenue guidance.
Elad Elie Hillman -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Okay. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our next question is coming from Alex Barron from Housing Research Center. Your line is now live.
Alex Barron -- Housing Research Center. -- Analyst
Yeah. Thanks. Yeah, I guess you kind of answered a few of my questions, because I was just trying to figure out given your guidance for this year. And I guess we shouldn't take this quarter's revenue as a run rate then. What would cause it to kind of fluctuate? What would be the biggest driver there?
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Yeah. Alex, you're right. So to be specific on what we did this quarter since we didn't spell it out in the conference call. Our previous guidance was for $750 million to $850 million of revenue, and then with what we delivered this quarter which included $30 million of residential tract sales, which are what we've talked about, being somewhat lumpy and those aren't recurring every single quarter, and we felt comfortable that we could move the low end of the guidance to $800 million from $750 million. So that really was just driven by solid lot deliveries this quarter coupled with the $30 million of tract sales.
Alex Barron -- Housing Research Center. -- Analyst
Okay. And obviously, you're only kind of giving us an idea of this year and next year, not beyond that, but it would seem to me growing the pipeline 20% where there is obviously a lot of demand for land and everybody is growing, even faster than that it seems in orders this quarter, what would be the constraints -- why would the constraint be around 20%? Is it really the capital or is it more people?
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Well, it's back to -- it takes us about a year from the day we buy land and before we get to that first revenue event, so it's kind of that leading -- the leading indicator. We just raised an additional capital at the end of last year, that money is now being put to work. So I think you will see some impact in 2021, but you can see the bulk of it really in 2022.
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
It definitely going to be a growth story for years to come, we're just not in a position today to feel comfortable giving guidance past '21, but we do expect this to be a growth story for a multitude of years.
Alex Barron -- Housing Research Center. -- Analyst
It would seem that way. Well, thanks and best of luck.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. We have reached the end of our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the floor back over to Dan for any further or closing comments.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Kevin. And thank you to everyone on the Forestar team for your focus and hard work. We look forward to working together to continue growing and improving our operations over the coming years. We appreciate everyone's time on the call today and look forward to speaking with you again in April to share our second quarter results. Thank you.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 24 minutes
Call participants:
Jessica Hansen -- Vice president of Investor Relations.
Daniel C. Bartok -- Chief Executive Officer
Collin Dawson -- Vice President of Corporate Finance and Treasurer.
Truman Patterson -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst
Ryan Gilbert -- BTIG -- Analyst
Elad Elie Hillman -- JP Morgan -- Analyst
Alex Barron -- Housing Research Center. -- Analyst
