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Sun Life Financial Inc (SLF 0.89%)
Q4Â 2019 Earnings Call
Feb 13, 2020, 10:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Andrew, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Sun Life Financial Q4 2019 Financial Results Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]
The host of the call is Leigh Chalmers, Senior Vice President, Head of Investor Relations and Capital Management. Please go ahead, Ms. Chalmers.
Leigh Chalmers -- Head of Investor Relations and Capital Management
Thank you, Andrew, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to Sun Life Financial's Earnings conference call for the fourth quarter of 2019. Our earnings release and the slides for today's call are available on the Investor Relations section of our website at sunlife.com. We will begin today's presentation with an overview of our fourth quarter results by Dean Connor, President and Chief Executive Officer of Sun Life Financial. Following Dean's remarks, Kevin Strain, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will present the financial results for the quarter. After the prepared remarks, we'll move to the question-and-answer portion of the call. Other members of management will also be available to answer your questions on today's call. Turning to slide two. I draw your attention to the cautionary language regarding the use of forward-looking statements and non-IFRS measures, which form part of today's remarks. As noted in the slides, forward-looking statements may be rendered inaccurate by subsequent events.
And with that, I'll turn things to Dean.
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Leigh, and good morning, everyone. Turning to slide four. We made good progress in the quarter. The company reported underlying net income of $792 million, up 10% over the fourth quarter of 2018. We generated an underlying return on equity of 15% in Q4, while continuing to deploy capital in a disciplined way, with the announcement of the InfraRed Capital transaction and a new 15-year bancassurance distribution arrangement in Vietnam. In the fourth quarter, we grew wealth sales by 24% over the prior year. Insurance sales grew 7% over the prior year, including particular strength in Asia where we grew sales by 43% on a constant currency basis, with double-digit growth in six of our seven local markets. The value of new business, or VNB grew by 9%, reflecting higher sales, partially offset by changes in sales mix, pricing and the impact of lower interest rates. On a full year basis, underlying net income exceeded the $3 billion mark for the first time, and underlying earnings per share grew 6%, excluding the onetime impact of interest on par seed capital in Q1 of 2018, underlying EPS grew by 10% in 2019.
For the full year, we achieved an underlying return on equity of 14.3% and returned over $1.8 billion of capital to shareholders through a combination of dividends and share repurchases. There were a number of notable achievements in the fourth quarter, as highlighted on slide four. I will touch on some of these as I take just a few minutes to step back and reflect on the progress we made in 2019, moving Sun Life closer to our ambition of being one of the best insurance and asset management companies globally. Moving to slide five. Our client for life strategy puts clients at the center of everything we do. This is evident through our culture, one that is client obsessed, driving toward a purpose of helping clients achieve lifetime financial security and living healthier lives. In the first quarter of 2019, we reached a milestone of $1 trillion in assets under management, demonstrating our scale and global presence in key markets. It took us 147 years to reach the first $500 billion of AUM and just seven years to add the next $500 billion. In 2019, AUM grew to $1.1 trillion, benefiting from strong market growth, the closing of an acquisition and growth across our businesses.
This includes businesses like Sun Life Global Investments, our Canadian retail wealth manager that we started from scratch in 2010. SLGI now has $29 billion of AUM, up 27% last year, and it delivered net sales of $2.9 billion, strong investment performance for clients and a solid and nicely growing contribution to net income. In SLC Management, our third-party alternative investment business, AUM grew to nearly $84 billion in 2019, including approximately $13 billion in real estate assets acquired to the closing of BentallGreenOak on July 1. In the fourth quarter of 2019, we announced our intention to acquire a majority stake in InfraRed Capital Partners. And as a reminder, InfraRed is a global infrastructure equity manager, headquartered in London with approximately $16 billion of AUM. InfraRed has built a sterling reputation in infrastructure investing, including renewable energy, such as wind and solar, social infrastructure, including schools and hospitals as well as transportation. This acquisition will help accelerate the growth of SLC Management, while providing InfraRed access to our North American distribution capabilities, including now over 1,000 institutional clients who have growing demand for sustainable investing strategies. Including InfraRed, SLC management should reach $100 billion of AUM in 2020, just six years after we launched the business.
MFS ended the year with USD527 billion in AUM, a growth of 23% for the year. This reflects outstanding investment performance, higher capital markets, positive net retail sales now over the past four quarters, and momentum in our strategic build-out of institutional fixed income and non-U.S. retail solutions for our clients. MFS' investment performance continues to shine, with 93%, 93% and 98% of MFS' U.S. retail mutual fund assets ranked in the top half of their Lipper categories for 10, five and three year performance, respectively. On a full year basis, underlying net income in our asset management pillar grew 9%, driven by growth in fee income on higher average net assets. Throughout 2019, we continued to invest to further our digital data and analytics capabilities, allowing us to drive efficiencies as well as create innovative ways to interact with and delight our clients. In Canada, through our top-rated client app, My Sun Life, we've created a digital platform that provides a single point of contact for a wide range of health resources, including our provider search feature. To date, our users have logged over 10 million ratings of their healthcare providers. And now by opening up the platform to all Canadians via Lumino Health, we're averaging 10,000 searches a day, which allows Canadians to find the healthcare they need when they need it and where they need it.
And our digital coach, Ella, delivered nearly 12 million friendly digital nudges last year driving an additional $650 million in insurance coverage for our clients and an additional $410 million of wealth deposits. In the U.S., we largely completed the integration of the AEB acquisition, including the full achievement of the $100 million expense synergy target. We also rolled out our Sun Life + Maxwell Health benefits platform. And by the end of 2019, we had enrolled over 10,000 families on this new platform which provides a modern, intuitive, education and enrollment experience for our plan members. In Asia, we completed the rollout of client mobile apps across all seven of our local markets, allowing clients to interact with us in more convenient ways. This includes examples like 24 hours claims payment, turnaround times in Hong Kong, or SunSMART, our digital point-of-sale tool, which increases the productivity of advisors and in most markets now where it takes only 15 minutes to complete a policy application. We also continue to experiment with strategic partners, including telcos like U Mobile in Malaysia, Insurtech start-ups like Bowtie Life Insurance in Hong Kong, and digital marketplaces like Lazada in the Philippines. These partnerships are allowing us to expand distribution across the region and interact with clients in ways that are convenient for them.
We entered this new decade with good momentum, and we have a lot to look forward to. Kevin Strain will speak to how we performed against the medium-term financial objectives that we set back in 2015. The team has executed well, resulting in a five year total shareholder return that averages 11.2% per annum, ranking us in the top quartile among 20 global competitors. We're pleased with the overall results in 2019, and we start 2020 from a position of strength. Our LICAT ratio of 143% at SLF Inc., low leverage and $2.3 billion of cash at the holding company, provide us the flexibility to deploy capital in a disciplined manner. Regarding the new coronavirus COVID-19, we feel, for the many people whose lives have been touched by, and in some cases, lost to this new virus. Employees and advisors in Sun Life Hong Kong and Sun Life Everbright in China are following prescribed regimes that include working from home, daily reporting on health and essentially no business travel. In January, we announced a number of changes for clients who are diagnosed with COVID-19 to make it easier for them to access care to extend the grace period for premium payments to accelerate claims payment and so on. We did not see a material impact in Hong Kong and China sales in January. But looking forward, we expect to see some slower sales and modestly higher claims. And the bigger question is the slowdown in economic growth in China and for the global economy and in particular, how long that lasts. Standing back, we feel that Sun Life is well positioned to play both a strong offense and a strong defense.
Our diversified and balanced business model with four strong pillars, client obsession, strong talent and culture, technology positioning, along with our strong capital and risk posture, provide a great opportunity for Sun Life to serve the secular drivers of demand for future growth and to deliver on our purpose. I'd like to acknowledge that Leo Grepin, appointed President of Sun Life Asia, January one is with us on the call today for his first quarterly earnings call.
And with that,I will now turn the call over to Kevin Strain, who will take us through the fourth quarter financial results.
Kevin D. Strain -- Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Dean, and good morning, everyone. Turning to slide seven. We take a look at the financial results from the fourth quarter of 2019. We finished 2019 with strong reported and underlying net income. Underlying net income for the quarter was $792 million, translating to underlying earnings per share of $1.34, up 13% from the fourth quarter of 2018. Underlying return on equity of 15% was above our medium-term objective of 12% to 14%. Reported net income of $719 million was up 24% on stronger underlying earnings and favorable market-related impacts compared to the prior year, partially offset by higher MFS share-based awards, driven by growth at MFS during the year, and a restructuring charge taken in the corporate segment relating to expense saving initiatives in the fourth quarter.. Our underlying net income in the fourth quarter was driven by business growth across all pillars, higher tax benefits in corporate, favorable credit experience and higher investing activity gains. This was partially offset by unfavorable morbidity experience in Canada and unfavorable expense experience in corporate, mostly from higher incentive compensation costs. Book value per share remained relatively flat year-over-year as growth in book value from earnings was offset by dividends, currency translation and accumulated other comprehensive income and equity reduction related to the close of our acquisition of a majority stake in BentallGreenOak in the third quarter.
We continue to maintain a strong capital position with a LICAT ratio of 143% for Sun Life Financial Inc. and 130% for Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada. The 3% change at SLF from the third quarter was driven by the redemption of the Sun Life exchangeable securities as well as interest rate movements. For our LICAT sensitivities, interest rate moves as interest rates move back up in the quarter. As a result, our risk sensitivities have reverted back to what we've seen in the past where the LICAT ratio will decrease with rising interest rates and increase with declining interest rates. The sensitivity of LICAT to a scenario shift remains and falling interest rates could again move us closer to a scenario switch like the one you saw in our sensitivities last quarter. At the end of fourth quarter, our cash position at the holding company was $2.3 billion and the financial leverage was 21.2%, which remains below our long-term target of 25%. Assets under management grew $1.1 trillion grew to $1.1 trillion, up 16% from Q4 2018 on strong growth in our asset management and insurance businesses. slide eight provides details of underlying and reported net income by business group for the quarter.
In Canada, underlying net income of $264 million was up 8% from the prior year, reflecting business growth, higher investing activity and AFS gains. This was partially offset by unfavorable morbidity in our group benefits business. In the U.S., underlying net income increased 13% to $137 million, with favorable morbidity experience and higher AFS gains, partially offset by unfavorable mortality experience in our in-force management block. The aftertax profit margin for group benefits was 7.3% on a trailing 12-month basis compared to 6.7% in the prior year. U.S. business in-force grew 7% from Q4 2018, driven by 17% growth in our stop-loss business. Our asset management businesses delivered underlying net income of $281 million, an increase of 24% compared to the prior year, driven by higher average net assets at MFS and the addition of income from BentallGreenOak acquisition, which closed in July of 2019. The pre-tax net operating profit margin for MFS was 40%, consistent with Q3 and slightly higher than the prior year. On a stand-alone basis, underlying net income at MFS increased 20% from the prior year, while SLC management underlying net income more than doubled. In Asia, underlying net income grew 2% year-over-year and has strong business growth and expected profit and lower new business strain were offset by unfavorable experience in our China joint venture and other investment-related experience. slide nine provides details on our sources of earnings presentation.
Expected profit of $849 million increased 14% from $744 million in Q4 last year, led by 14% growth in Asia and 11% growth in Canada. If you exclude the impact of currency and the results of the asset management businesses, expected profit grew 7% over the prior year. We had new business gains this quarter of $22 million compared to gains of $17 million in the same period last year, with the year-over-year improvements coming from lower acquisition expense gap on higher sales in Asia. Experienced losses of $80 million pre-tax for the quarter were predominantly caused by the unfavorable morbidity in Canada and unfavorable expense experience in corporate, resulting from higher incentive compensation costs, driven by the increase in our stock price and higher project costs. Partially offsetting these impacts were higher investing activity, favorable credit experience as well as favorable net market impacts. Assumption changes in management actions were minus $16 million pre-tax this quarter.
Other in our sources of earnings, which totaled a loss of $180 million $108 million included the higher fair value adjustment of MFS share-based payment awards. Other also includes acquisition, integration and restructuring costs and the impact of certain hedges in Canada that do not qualify for hedge accounting. Earnings on surplus of $150 million were largely in line with the fourth quarter of last year as higher AFS gains were offset by real estate market losses and a mortgage impairment. Our effective tax rate on underlying net income for the quarter was 13.9%, below our expected range of 15% to 20%, mainly due to investment income on tax-exempt assets. Slide 10 shows sales results across our insurance and wealth businesses. Total company insurance sales were $1.4 billion in the fourth quarter, up 7% from the prior year. Canada insurance sales were up 4%, driven by higher individual life insurance sales. Insurance sales in Asia continued to show strong momentum in Q4, up 43% on a constant currency basis compared to the same period last year.
We saw strong growth in all local insurance markets as well as in international. Hong Kong achieved its highest level of insurance sales for the second quarter in a row, driven by strong agency and brokerage sales and the popularity of our new tax-deferred products. Fourth quarter sales in our U.S. group benefits business were down 4% year-over-year due to lower large case employee benefit sales. However, full year sales exceeded USD one billion, which represents the highest sales year in our U.S. group benefits business. Total company wealth sales were $45 billion in the fourth quarter, up 24% from the prior year. In Canada, wealth sales increased 21%, driven by increased mutual fund sales in individual wealth as well as large case sales in our group retirement services business, which grew by 19%. This includes $1.5 billion in fourth quarter defined benefit solutions sales as clients continue to turn to us for solutions to derisk their pension plans. Across MFS and SLC management, sales increased 25% on a constant currency basis.
Total gross sales at MFS grew by 22%, benefiting from strong growth in the U.S. retail side, which experienced net inflows for the fourth quarter in a row. Overall, MFS experienced outflows of USD1.2 billion in the quarter, a significant improvement, reflecting those strong retail net flows. At SLC Management, we continue to see net inflows as gross sales increased by 82% over the prior year. In Asia, wealth sales were up 8% on a constant currency basis. This was driven by higher money market sales in the Philippines, and growth in our Hong Kong pensions business, largely offset by lower mutual fund sales in India. Value of new business, VNB grew 9% to $337 million. Growth from sales in insurance and wealth was partially offset by mix pricing and current interest rate environment. Slide 11 provides a view on operating expenses. For the full year, operating expenses were up 8% on a constant currency basis. Controllable expenses growth in 2019 was 3.6% and reflects our investments in growth. We're determined to continue to manage our expenses closely and push so that expenses grow slower than the rate of earnings and expense allowable growth. To support this, we took several steps to reduce expenses in the corporate segment in Q4, resulting in a restructuring charge of $30 million $33 million pre-tax, which we believe will result in expense savings of roughly the same amount starting in 2020.
We will continue to find ways to reduce costs while delivering on our client strategy and investing in the future. Turning to slide 12. We show the 2019 full year progress against our medium-term financial objectives as well as a five year view. Underlying EPS grew 6% in 2019. Adjusting for the interest on the transfer of par seed capital included in 2018 underlying earnings, underlying EPS grew 10% year-over-year. On a five year basis, underlying EPS has grown at a rate of 12% per annum above our growth objective of 8% to 10%. Underlying ROE was 14.3% in 2019 and averaged 13.2% over the past five years. The dividend payout ratio has remained inside our target range. Dividends grew 10% last year and 8% per annum over the past five years. This consistent return of cash to shareholders through our dividend is driven by strong earnings growth and cash flow from our businesses. We are pleased with these results and are heading into 2020 from a position of capital strength.
We continue to be committed to achieving our medium-term financial objectives. Our client strategy has been the center of our success with all four pillars growing in 2019. Throughout the year, we deployed capital for organic investments, including investments made in advancing our digital capabilities, as Dean mentioned earlier. We also completed the acquisition of BentallGreenOak, entered into several strategic partnerships, including a new bancassurance arrangement with Vietnam and returned 60% of our underlying net income to shareholders in the form of dividends and the share buyback. At the end of 2019, we had $2.3 billion in cash at the holding company and a low financial leverage ratio, providing a significant capital deployment flexibility as we start a new decade with opportunity and strength.
With that, I'll turn the call to Leigh to begin the Q&A portion of the call.
Operator
Thank you, Kevin. [Operator Instructions] With that, I will now ask Andrew to please poll the participants for questions.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] And your first question comes from the line of David Motemaden from Evercore. Pardon me, David, please check your mute button.
Leigh Chalmers -- Head of Investor Relations and Capital Management
Andrew, can we move on to the next question?
Operator
Certainly. Our next question comes from the line of Humphrey Lee with Dowling & Partners.
Humphrey Lee -- Dowling & Partners Securities -- Analyst
My first question is related to the unfavorable mortality in the U.S. this quarter. I was just wondering if maybe Dan, can provide some color in terms of what he saw in the quarter? What is the frequency, severity or vintages?
Daniel R. Fishbein -- President
Yes. Thanks, Humphrey. This is Dan Fishbein. Yes, we did see some favorable mortality in the in-force management or individual life business. And our study of that shows that much of that was due to a relatively small number of large claims. We think we will see this kind of volatility from time to time in this block. There are some larger policies in the block. We also increasingly have some claims that are not subject to reinsurance. So there was what we would view likely volatility in the quarter.
Humphrey Lee -- Dowling & Partners Securities -- Analyst
With that as a backdrop, I guess. So I think in the past, Kevin has mentioned that because the cash flow from this block of business is very attractive. So you like having keeping it. But since then, like, I think there's a lot of transactions in the U.S. life insurance marketplace and some of the multiple seems to be pretty attractive, too. Have those transactions change how you think about this block going forward?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Humphrey, its Dean Connor. Thank you for your question. When it comes to our closed block businesses, we our primary focus is to optimize them, optimize them for do a great job for the clients, but optimize them for capital and tax and operating efficiencies and so on and reinsurance, all of the moving parts. We obviously keep an eye on transactions in the market that come and go, but our job one is to really run these businesses extremely well, and optimize them for the benefit of all the stakeholders.
Humphrey Lee -- Dowling & Partners Securities -- Analyst
Got it. Thank you.
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
And your next question comes from the line of Meny Grauman with Cormark Securities.
Meny Grauman -- Cormark Securities Inc -- Analyst
Hi, good morning. Just a question about the unfavorable JV experience in Asia, if you could talk to that a little bit more and specifically talk about your expectations going forward?
Leo Grepin -- President
Meny, its Leo here. Let me take the first part of your question around the unfavorable joint venture experience. As you know, we've got joint venture arrangements in China, India and Malaysia. The reference that I think you're referring to in the MD&A relates to our China joint venture, where we've had some small onetime items worth about $0.01 per share in aggregates. And then on your broader question of going forward and the results, when you take out some of the small onetime items we had in the quarter, our income growth would have been in the low teens. So we still feel very good about our ability to achieve our medium-term target.
Meny Grauman -- Cormark Securities Inc -- Analyst
Can you give a little more detail in terms of what what's the nature of those one-time items?
Leo Grepin -- President
Yes. So it's really a number of small item normal variances that you would see quarter-over-quarter. They were just all pointed in the same direction this quarter. As an example, last quarter, we had a mortality gain, a small mortality gain. This quarter, we had a small mortality loss. We were small on both sides. But that's an example. We had a slightly higher loss last, not last this quarter. So just a few small items like that, that just happened to point in the same direction.
Meny Grauman -- Cormark Securities Inc -- Analyst
Okay, thanks.
Operator
And our next question comes from the line of Gabriel Dechaine with National Bank Financial.
Gabriel Dechaine -- National Bank Financial -- Analyst
Dean, first question for you. You talked about the coronavirus impact on your business and said it could impact sales going forward and claims. I get the sales, but maybe you can flesh out the claims commentary, where you'd expect that to show up? And then I'll throw in my group question in Canada, morbidity was negative again in Canada that is. Jacques, can you give me a time line for when you expect the repricing initiative, which is under way to start translating into margin improvement and elimination of this issue?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Gabe, it's Dean. Thank you for your questions. Leo, why don't you start with the COVID-19 question on claims?
Leo Grepin -- President
Yes. Thank you, Gabriel. It's Leo here. So on COVID-19 and potential impact on claims. First, I'd say, it's too early to tell. It really is going to depend on the scale of the epidemic. From a claim's standpoint, a lot of the expenses that are flowing through the system in the economies in Asia are getting captured by the public system. If you look at Hong Kong, China, the patients are getting sent to public hospitals. So you don't expect a significant impact on health insurance claims there. Obviously, if things deteriorate rapidly, you could see mortality claims increase in a material way, but I think it's just much too early to tell where this is going to end up.
Gabriel Dechaine -- National Bank Financial -- Analyst
So the precautionary commentary, I guess?
Leo Grepin -- President
That's right.
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
And Jacques, do you want to comment on the morbidity in Canada?
Jacques Goulet -- President
Gabriel, thanks for your question. So right, the higher incidents continues. It's in the visibility part of group benefits, as you're pointing out. And as I said last time, we have started, in fact, pricing action last year, will be basically 100% done by the end of Q1 this year. Now the renewal cycles of these clients are such that it hits at different times. So most of our book tends to renew January 1. So we're getting quite a bit. There's some July 1. So when you look at it, Gabriel, I would say roughly 60% this year and 100% by next year. That's where we are.
Gabriel Dechaine -- National Bank Financial -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
And your next question comes from the line of Sumit Malhotra with Scotiabank.
Sumit Malhotra -- Scotiabank Global Banking and Markets -- Analyst
First question is for Leo, and it's about your joint venture in the or sorry, your distribution agreement in the Philippines. Looking at your sales numbers, Philippines has been one of the stronger geographies for individual life sales for the company in Asia in the last couple of years. I don't know if there's any economics you provided on the new relationship you have here? And more specifically, with growth already trending well, where exactly does this distribution agreement benefit the company in terms of sales going forward?
Leo Grepin -- President
Sumit, it's Leo here. When you're referring to our new relationship, I think you're referring to Vietnam?
Sumit Malhotra -- Scotiabank Global Banking and Markets -- Analyst
Sorry, I said Philippines. Yes, Vietnam, I'm sorry about that.
Leo Grepin -- President
Yes. Yes. Okay. Thank you. So yes, we signed a new partnership deal bank cap partnership deal in Vietnam late last year with TPBank. As you know, from a strategy standpoint, distribution excellence is a core pillar of our strategy in Asia. And we've been driving a diversified strategy with strong growth and quality improvement in agency, bancassurance and in brokerage. So across our markets, we're driving for expansion on all fronts. In the case of Vietnam, this was one of our few markets where we did not have a bank cap partnerships in place. And we were very excited to team up with TPBank. TPBank is one of the fastest-growing banks in Vietnam. It's also very well aligned with our strategy and that they are very client focused, very digitally oriented. And so we see that as a very positive step for us in that market, and we expect it to be a meaningful contributor to our sales in Vietnam.
Sumit Malhotra -- Scotiabank Global Banking and Markets -- Analyst
And I think you answered some of it there for me is, I didn't I wasn't sure if you had anything outside of the agency channel in Vietnam. So this is your first entry into bancassurance in that country?
Leo Grepin -- President
That's right.
Sumit Malhotra -- Scotiabank Global Banking and Markets -- Analyst
And second question, final question is for Dean. Dean, we spoke last quarter about the company's philosophy around share repurchases. And you made mention about the intrinsic value that management considers. Coincidence or not, you have not been active on repurchases for the first time in a while. I know there were a lot of things going on, let's call it, off the field with the InfraRed acquisition and some debt redemptions, maybe other considerations. In thinking about capital allocation in 2020, are share repurchases is that something that are intrinsic value base still makes sense right now? Or are there other factors that you think in terms of organic growth that take a higher priority as you think about the coming year?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Sumit, its Dean. Thank you for your question. I'd first remind investors that our priorities for capital allocation are, first and foremost, to fund organic growth that includes seed capital for investment strategies, but driving organic growth. And then second of all, acquisitions, acquisitions that are aligned to our strategy and meet our hurdles. And thirdly, share buybacks. On buybacks, there are a number of factors that we do take into consideration, including our capital position, our excess cash, the M&A pipeline as we look forward, and expected returns on buybacks versus alternative uses of capital and valuation and so on. So there's a number of things that we consider at any point in time. So we have done buybacks in the past, obviously, we expect to do them in the future. We don't comment on any particular quarter's buyback activities. So I won't answer your question perhaps as directly as you'd like, but I would just say it continues to be a very important part of our stable of levers to allocate capital and you'll just need to stay tuned as we go forward.
Sumit Malhotra -- Scotiabank Global Banking and Markets -- Analyst
I got to get you to share your intrinsic value model with me. I need to maybe bake that into my own considerations.
Operator
And our next question comes from the line of Doug Young with Desjardins Capital.
Doug Young -- Desjardins Securities Inc -- Analyst
Just maybe following on the capital question, Dean or Kevin. I think in the past, you've talked about Sun Life's ability to generate excess capital in and around $800 million per year, and that's after dividends and funding organic growth. Has that changed at all?
Kevin D. Strain -- Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
Doug, it's Kevin. Our view on that is still the same. We're generating between $800 million, plus or minus each year. And the idea would be to maintain our capital flexibility. And to look at it that way. So the $800 million per year continues to be roughly the additional capital we're generating.
Doug Young -- Desjardins Securities Inc -- Analyst
And I think, along the same line as the previous question, I mean, I think you've kind of signaled maybe $200 million of buybacks per quarter. But and I know it's not going to be even, but it doesn't sound like that's necessarily going to be ongoing or consistent. Is that fair to kind of read that into it?
Kevin D. Strain -- Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
I think Dean addressed it well, right? It's going to depend on a number of factors. What we see on the M&A front? What we're having to do, Dean mentioned, seed capital. What we see in terms of organic growth? So there's a bunch of factors that go into our decision each quarter, whether we do the buyback, including intrinsic value, but we're not going to comment on which one of the factors is driving us not to buy any particular quarter, right? Like there's a lot of sensitive information inside of that on the M&A front and those types of things. So we're very disciplined. We look at it every quarter. If we're not buying, it could be any one of those factors from organic growth to M&A to other things.
Doug Young -- Desjardins Securities Inc -- Analyst
Okay. And just second, I mean, Dan, that the integration of assurance group business is done. The earnings growth has been strong, and you've gotten into that margin range in which you targeted. So maybe I can phrase it this way. What's next? I mean, is there room to push that margin target higher in the U.S. group insurance business? Because it feels like some of your peers out there are targeting higher margins. And I know the stop-loss seems to be maybe above target, but there seems to be opportunity on the group employee benefit side. So just hoping to get some color.
Daniel R. Fishbein -- President
Yes. Thanks, Doug. As you know, we're as you noted, we're above the target that we said at the Investor Day of 7% or higher, and we seem we're staying above that target. Of course, there is a composition of businesses there. There's our stop-loss business, which especially in the past two years has performed actually above our pricing targets. And there is some reversion back to the pricing targets that's happening and inevitably will happen. But at the same time, as you noted, we're continuing to improve the margins in our core group business. That's the life, disability, dental and voluntary. So we're seeing some shift in the mix there. The margins have been coming up in the group business, and there's still more opportunity for that margin to come up. A big part of our opportunity is also growth. We've had significant growth, 17%, for example, in business in-force year-over-year in the stop-loss business. And as we put the integration in the group business in the rearview mirror, which and any conversion process, obviously, dampens your growth and can lead to some additional lapses. With that now in the past, we think that we should start to see some good growth in the group businesses as well. There's also significant growth opportunity from what we refer to as closing the coverage gaps. Tools like Maxwell and others that we're employing to encourage people to enroll for the right amounts of coverage and to have the employer partners we work with, offer more of our products. And then finally, in our Fullscope business, we have nice growth happening there. And we are launching new lines of business. For example, in the quarter, we introduced our stop-loss offering to health plans, our first partnership around voluntary products, and we expect that to add to our growth going forward.
Doug Young -- Desjardins Securities Inc -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Tom MacKinnon with BMO Capital.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
A couple of questions. Just to start off. With respect to Asia, we see nice growth and expected profit. We've seen strain coming down. I you talk about whittling away the expense gap here. But was this an exceptionally strong quarter? Or do you think you've got things in motion here to be able to sort of continue at a 15% kind of underlying earnings growth rate for Asia? Have you built sufficient scale to be able to do that? Do we have to have what kind of sales growth momentum do we need in order to be able to kind of hit that targeted 15% growth rate for that segment?
Neil L. Haynes -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yes, Tom, Neil here. So yes, you're right to highlight that we had a good quarter in terms of expected profit growth and reduction in new business strain, 14% improvement in expected profit quarter-over-quarter, new business strain reduced by about $7 million. So taken together, that's about 25% growth year-over-year. So a good quarter in that respect. And so as a result, that gives us some good confidence that the 15% underlying earnings growth year-over-year is something that we're quite confident in delivering.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Okay. And then a follow-up, just with respect to the $800 million in free capital annual generation. I assume this in that guide, you have some measure of organic growth? Because obviously, if we didn't want to grow organically, that number would probably be bigger. So what kind of level of organic growth is embedded in that $800 million? Is that your 8% to 10% underlying earnings growth guidance? Is that embedded in terms of organic growth in that $800 million?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
You're right, Tom, the $800 million does include the organic growth. The organic growth you're talking about is capital growth, so not just EPS growth. So it would be slightly different than that. But we it's based on our plans and how we see the business growing.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Right. So if you assume your underlying earnings are going to grow in the 8% to 10% range, you could still see $800 million in free capital generated annually?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes, that's correct. That's embedded into those numbers.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Is just when you talked about using that money to fund organic growth, that would be I assume that would be above and beyond the 8% to 10%, you're trying to get at?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes, that's correct.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Okay. And then finally, the taxes were lower. You're talking more tax-exempt help in the quarter. Is that tailwind going to continue? Or how should we be should we be thinking about moving toward the lower end of your 15% to 20% guide? Or how should we be thinking of that?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
It's we benefit from a balanced business model across a number of geographies, right? And that's what supports our effective tax rate of the 15% to 20%. And when you think of where we are any given quarter, it depends on where the income is coming from and what that looks like. So I'd say we still feel like 15% to 20% is the right range. But what happens in any given quarter depends on where the income is coming from and drives us sort of up and down in that range.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Okay. And if I could just squeeze a last quick one here. The $30 million restructuring charge, I think you said it was going to translate. That's pre-tax going to translate into $30 million pre-tax expense saves starting toward the end of 2020? What saves were these?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Right, the expense saves will start in 2020. And by 2021, we'd expect to be at the full level, but it's roughly in that neighborhood of the charge is $33 million pre-tax. The savings will be roughly in the neighborhood of $33 million.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
And what segments will we get those savings in?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
The majority of what we did this quarter was in the corporate segment. So that's the majority of where the restructure charges were.
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Great. Thanks.
Operator
And your next question comes from the line of Paul Holden with CIBC.
Paul David Holden -- CIBC Capital Markets, -- Analyst
Two questions from me. One is going back to Asia and maybe getting a little bit more specific on the improvement in new sales strain. You mentioned that, that came from improved scale. Is there certain geographies where the scale improved driving that change? And it sounds like you assume that or you expect that will be sustainable. So maybe talk about the reasons why that improvement in scale should be sustainable as well?
Neil L. Haynes -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Hi, Paul, it's Neil here. So you're right to highlight, we're improving our new business strain. As you've seen, we're driving some good growth across the region, really across all of our markets on the back of a strong focus on distribution in both scale and quality. And we've also got some strong products in the market, a good product mix. We feel good about the profitability of these products. As you know, Asia is a highly underpenetrated market when it comes to insurance. And so it's really a distribution game. It's not a pricing game in Asia. So we feel good about the profitability of the products. And so as the scale continues to come through, we're expecting to see this benefit of scale flowing through in our new business strain. In terms of where it's coming from, as you can imagine, our bigger markets are Hong Kong and the Philippines. And they're both profitable markets. And as we continue to build scale there, in particular, you would expect some of the benefits to come from there, in particular.
Paul David Holden -- CIBC Capital Markets, -- Analyst
Okay. Second question is a follow-up on potential capital optimization. I think both Dean and Kevin mentioned potential M&A and M&A pipeline. So I would appreciate any thoughts there. I think the commentary in the past was certainly your willingness to do deals is there, but you for certain larger deals, pricing was a challenge in terms of your financial hurdles. So wondering if there's any update there? And then just generally, how robust do you think the potential pipeline looks?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Paul, it's Dean here. Thank you for your question. I'll just take you back to the way we think about M&A, we've talked about this before. There are a number of areas and opportunities we see. The first is, can we assume a larger share of the joint ventures we're already in? You've seen us act on that in the past in India and Vietnam and Indonesia. So as we look forward, that's one set of conversations. And then there are lots of conversations going on at any point in time around things that will strengthen all four pillars. So new capabilities. So think of GreenOak and InfraRed as squarely in that category, new growth opportunities. So think of the acquisition of the Malaysia business as in that category. Or, in some cases, combinations of capability and growth. So think of the AEB acquisition is driving both new capabilities and growth. So we keep looking at a pipeline of opportunities that are on strategy. We ask ourselves, what do we bring beyond the checkbook to this business? What does it bring to us? Why is the combination why is this business better off in our hands? How do we grow faster together? And obviously, it has to clear our economic hurdles. So it's a pretty disciplined framework for evaluating acquisitions. I think we've been successful at identifying opportunities and then executing on them and bringing them in, and achieving our targets. And they've added a lot of value to the business and to the growth potential for the company. So it's difficult to talk about any obviously, we don't talk about any particular specific opportunities at any point in time or about things that have come and gone in the past. But I'll just kind of a general answer to your question around how do we think about it, I would just say we continue to be actively engaged in a robust pipeline of opportunities that fit the kind of criteria I just described.
Operator
And our next question comes from the line of Nigel DeSouza with Veritas Investment Research.
Nigel R. D'Souza -- Veritas Investment Research Corporation -- Analyst
I actually had a follow-up question on the tax item this quarter. So you pointed out investment income from tax-exempt assets. And I was wondering if you could provide more color on what those underlying assets represent in terms of equity or fixed income? And how we should think about that going forward? So if market conditions continue to be favorable as strong, do you expect that benefit to continue? And vice versa, if we see softening of market conditions, does that benefit go away?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
We've had these assets invested in this the tax-exempt sort of basis for a number of years now. And it really depends on investment returns, sort of quarter-by-quarter, and we had strong investment returns this quarter, which is the primary thing that drove us below our range. So I won't say I can't predict what the investment income is going to be on those assets that are going forward. But to the extent we do have strong investment income, you'll see a lower tax rate related to that, and that's what happened during the quarter.
Nigel R. D'Souza -- Veritas Investment Research Corporation -- Analyst
Okay. And then last question related to taxes. In the last quarter, you also had the resolution of two favorable favorable resolution of two tax-related items. I believe you highlighted an expectation for $0.03 benefit from those items. So did that have any benefit this quarter? And do you expect those items from last quarter to continue to benefit your effective tax rate going forward?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes, Nigel, that's correct, we did have that, and we experienced the quarter benefit that we expected to experience. And you would see that going forward as well. But that's included in our 15% to 20% target.
Nigel R. D'Souza -- Veritas Investment Research Corporation -- Analyst
That's very helpful. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Scott Chan with Canaccord Genuity.
Scott Chan -- Canaccord Genuity Corp -- Analyst
Dean, just going back to your comment on the robust pipeline on the M&A side. Does that involve potential opportunities with SLGI? Because that's one of the asset management entities that kind of have lacked scale, I guess, in terms of assets, but it's also growing a lot faster than your more scalable businesses. Just kind of thoughts there? I know you didn't excel acquisition in the past. But just kind of curious your thoughts on that platform?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Scott, thank you for your question. It's Dean. Yes, first of all, I'd say we're really pleased with SLGI. It's starting a business from scratch is one of the hardest things to do in business. And the team has done, I think, just a terrific job building this business up to $30 billion of AUM. And as I said, and we talked about this over the years, but it is making a profit. It's making a nice profit. And of course, as you know, and once you kind of pass-through that 0 number and start earning a profit, there's good leverage there. So we're really pleased with the progress. I have said before, we have said before that if there was some way to add more scale to SLGI through M&A that could be of interest to us. As you know, the reality is the market is already quite concentrated in Canada, there's not a lot of opportunities in that category. And just as a reminder, SLGI is a solutions-oriented business. It's got alpha generation capabilities through tactical asset allocation and other means. The majority of the platform is a sub-advised platform. So then when you go and say that is the model that we've got. When you think about acquisition opportunities, it's not a big set. So I we see a lot of opportunity to grow SLGI organically. That's our first priority. I think we've made great progress. And it feels like we've just begin we've just begun to really hit some momentum here, and the best is yet to come.
Scott Chan -- Canaccord Genuity Corp -- Analyst
Great. And just a small question on Asia. Does Sun Life have any offices in Wuhan or Hubei?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Leo, you want to take that one?
Leo Grepin -- President
Yes. Scott, Leo here. So in our China business, Sun Life Everbright, we have a branch in Wuhan.
Scott Chan -- Canaccord Genuity Corp -- Analyst
Okay. Thank you very much.
Operator
And your next question comes from the line of Humphrey Lee with Dowling & Partners.
Humphrey Lee -- Dowling & Partners Securities -- Analyst
Just on the topic of M&A, I know, Dean, you talked about you're not going to comment on anything specific. But looking back at SSEM, You've done a couple of transactions there. Gradually kind of building up your product suite. If you were to look at kind of Sun Life Capital, again, like, if you look at the overall product suite that you have there, is there any capability or kind of solutions that you would like to add to that platform?
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Humphrey, thanks for your question. Steve Peacher is going to take it.
Stephen (Steve) C. Peacher* -- President, SLC Management
Humphrey, thank you for the question. It's Steve. One of the areas that we are very strong in and have done very well and in terms of building a third-party business is private fixed income on the investment-grade side. It's particularly strong it's a strength for the company. It's worked well for the balance sheet over the years, and we've as a result, attracted a lot of investment interest from third-party institutional clients. We don't have a large capability in the below investment-grade private credit space, which is obviously of increasing interest to institutional investors around the world. And that is an area of interest. We've mentioned that. I've mentioned that in before publicly along with infrastructure equity. We couldn't be more excited about the InfraRed acquisition, which fills that bucket. And so if there was kind of one area that I would be interested in, it would be the area in private credit below the investment-grade line.
Operator
Thank you. We have no further questions at this time. I will now turn things to Ms. Chalmers for closing remarks.
Leigh Chalmers -- Head of Investor Relations and Capital Management
Thank you, and I would like to thank all of our participants today. And if there are any additional questions, we will be available after the call. Should you wish to listen to the rebroadcast, it will be available on our website later this afternoon. Thank you, and have a good day.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 57 minutes
Call participants:
Leigh Chalmers -- Head of Investor Relations and Capital Management
Dean A. Connor -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Kevin D. Strain -- Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer
Daniel R. Fishbein -- President
Leo Grepin -- President
Jacques Goulet -- President
Neil L. Haynes -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Stephen (Steve) C. Peacher* -- President, SLC Management
Humphrey Lee -- Dowling & Partners Securities -- Analyst
Meny Grauman -- Cormark Securities Inc -- Analyst
Gabriel Dechaine -- National Bank Financial -- Analyst
Sumit Malhotra -- Scotiabank Global Banking and Markets -- Analyst
Doug Young -- Desjardins Securities Inc -- Analyst
Tom MacKinnon -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst
Paul David Holden -- CIBC Capital Markets, -- Analyst
Nigel R. D'Souza -- Veritas Investment Research Corporation -- Analyst
Scott Chan -- Canaccord Genuity Corp -- Analyst
