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WNS (Holdings) Limited (WNS)
Q1Â 2021 Earnings Call
Jul 16, 2020, 8:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good morning and welcome to the WNS Holdings Fiscal 2021 First Quarter Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. After management's prepared remarks, we will conduct a question-and-answer session and instructions for how to ask a question will follow at that time. As a reminder, this call is being recorded for replay purposes. Now, I would like to turn the call over to David Mackey, WNS' Executive Vice President of Finance and Head of Investor Relations. David?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thank you and welcome to our fiscal 2021 first quarter earnings call. With me today on the call, I have WNS' CEO, Keshav Murugesh; WNS' CFO, Sanjay Puria; and our COO, Gautam Barai. A press release detailing our financial results was issued earlier today. This release is also available on the Investor Relations section of our website at www.wns.com. Today's remarks will focus on the results for the fiscal first quarter ended June 30, 2020.
Some of the matters that will be discussed on today's call are forward-looking. Please keep in mind that these forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those factors set forth in the Company's Form 20-F. This document is also available on the Company website.
During the call, management will reference certain non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe provide useful information for investors. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP results can be found in the press release issued earlier today. Some of the non-GAAP financial measures management will discuss are defined as follows: Net revenue is defined as revenue, less repair payments; adjusted operating margin is defined as operating margin, excluding amortization of intangible assets, share-based compensation, and goodwill impairment; adjusted net income, or ANI, is defined as profit, excluding amortization of intangible assets, share-based compensation, goodwill impairment and all associated taxes. These terms will be used throughout the call.
I would now like to turn the call over to WNS' CEO, Keshav Murugesh. Keshav?
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, David, and good morning everyone. We hope you and your families are safe and well. As our financial results show, COVID-19 had a material impact on our business in the fiscal first quarter of 2021. Net revenue for Q1 came in at $201.4 million, which represents a year-over-year decrease of 5% on a reported basis, and a 2% reduction constant currency. Sequentially, net revenue was down $34 million or 15% on a reported basis and 13% constant currency.
Q1 revenue included a full quarter of COVID-related supply and demand impacts versus just two weeks of headwind in the previous quarter. We currently estimate that the pandemic has adversely impacted clients' demand by approximately 7% from our pre-COVID run rate, with the majority of the remaining revenue pressure coming from supply constraints. Despite the challenging environment, WNS was able to deliver adjusted operating margin of 17.5% in Q1, and generate positive free cash flow.
Working with clients, WNS has transformed our delivery model with agility to a work from home approach. Our delivery capability steadily improved throughout the quarter, and on average, the Company was able to supply 92% of demand during the first quarter. At present, WNS is now servicing 95% of our clients' requirements, which represent the current maximum delivery capability in a work from home model.
Further, improving supply beyond this level will require relaxed lockdown restrictions, as clients have not authorized WNS to perform the remaining process work remotely due its sensitive nature. We are safely, slowly, and cautiously moving employees back into our facilities as and when local authorities allow, and within prescribed social distancing and safety practices. However, at this time, we're not planning to move large numbers of employees back to the offices until the pandemic is behind us.
This conservative approach will help mitigate risk associated with potential virus service and associated disruptions to our operations. In addition to increasing our delivery capacity over the past quarter, we have also further enhanced on work from home cyber security in the areas of remote access, endpoint security, and threat intelligence and monitor. We have co-created over 200 unique solutions approved by our clients that today deliver information and cyber security that is similar to our in-office capabilities. WNS is also in the process of implementing a new future state hybrid model that will allow us to seamlessly move delivery between office and home. We continue to place the health and safety of our global workforce along with ensuring the ability to securely service our clients as our top priorities.
The client feedback we have received regarding WNS' approach to the pandemic has been extremely positive, including our partnership approach, executive level communication, and commitment to support and maintain service. We've been working closely with clients to manage their near-term challenges, including lower volumes and business uncertainty, while also beginning to help them prepare for the post-COVID environment. For some clients, we have extended concessions on minimum volume commitments as well as payment terms. At the same time, many clients have seen their businesses stabilize in June and July, and are increasingly willing to discuss and move forward with relationship expansion plans.
These conversations have largely focused on three areas; driving improved competitive positioning and reducing costs; two, accelerating digital transformation; and three, improving operational flexibility by adjusting engagement models. Perhaps even more encouraging, we're also seeing new clients willing to move forward with RFIs, RFPs, contract negotiations, and deal signings. In the fiscal first quarter, we closed several new logos, despite the difficult environment, adding a new relationship or rather new relationships in the insurance, healthcare, consumer products, banking, and professional services verticals. The clients include a firm outsourcing for the first time and the takeaway deal from a competitor, who was unable to provide adequate service during the COVID lockdowns.
In addition, one of the new wins is a strategic relationship in the U.S. property and casualty insurance space, which has the potential to be highly impactful in the claims management marketplace and a large account for WNS. We are also happy to report that both existing clients and new prospects are increasingly willing to forgo traditional in-person transition plans for virtual or remote transitions in order to help expedite business benefits. While it may take some time for new deals to convert into meaningful revenue, these are clearly positive signs.
Overall, our pipeline remains very strong, and although some opportunities have been delayed to-date, we have not seen project cancellations. While it does appear that new business momentum is starting to pick up, the Company will remain cautious regarding the potential for additional COVID-19 waves, further economic impacts, and overall business volatility.
In the fiscal first quarter, WNS actively managed discretionary spending, but did not make significant changes to global headcount levels. In the second quarter, the Company will be proactive about addressing not only discretionary expenses, but also adjusting our compensation costs and the mix of resources across skills and geographies. These actions are necessary to bring our costs more in line with today's revenue, position our business for growth opportunities, and fund ongoing investments. WNS does not plan to change our commitment to enable co-creation, and will continue to invest in domain expertise, technology, and automation, advanced analytics, business transformation and the reskilling of our global workforce.
In summary, despite the current environment, WNS remains confident in our financial stability, differentiated capabilities, solid underlying business momentum, and proven ability to execute. The Company is properly positioned to help clients navigate through COVID challenges and transform their businesses for post-COVID success. We have seen nothing in the past few months that changes our belief that this pandemic has the potential to serve as a catalyst for accelerating the adoption of BPM and the shift toward higher-end digital solutions and agile engagement models. In the meantime, we must remain vigilant to ensure our employees remain safe and the rapidly changing needs of our clients are met.
I would now like to turn the call over to our CFO, Sanjay Puria, to further discuss our results and outlook. Sanjay?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Keshav. In the fiscal first quarter, WNS net revenue came in at $201.4 million, down 4.8% from $211.6 million posted in the same quarter of last year, and down 1.9% on a constant currency basis. Sequentially, net revenue decreased by 14.6% on a reported basis and 12.5% on a constant currency basis. WNS estimates that in quarter one, COVID-related demand reductions impacted revenue by approximately 7% and supply constraints reduced revenue by approximately 8% from our pre-COVID run rate. COVID-related demand reductions were largest in the travel, insurance, utilities, and retail verticals, while supply challenges pressured all verticals.
Revenue both year-over-year and sequentially was also adversely impacted by currency movements, net of hedging. In the first quarter, WNS recorded $6.5 million of short-term non-recurring revenue, which was booked at margins above Company average. This one-time amounts were driven by business continuity, pass-through charges, the timing of client sign-offs on work performed, fees associated with client ramp downs and some short-term project work.
Adjusted operating margin in quarter one was 17.5% as compared to 22.8% reported in the same quarter of fiscal 2020 and 22% last quarter. Both year-over-year and quarter-over-quarter the adjusted operating margin reduction is a result of COVID-related revenue impacts, including lower demand and supply constraints, the cost of carrying excess headcount, and additional expenses associated with business continuity. This headwinds were partially offset by favorable currency movements, net of hedging, proactive management of discretionary spending, and lower travel and facility-related costs.
Margin for the quarter was significantly above prior expectations as the incremental revenue generated in quarter one came with very little additional cost. The Company's net other income expense was $0.5 million of net expense in the first quarter as compared to $0.8 million of net expense reported in quarter one of fiscal 2020, and less than $100,000 net expense last quarter. Year-over-year, the favorable variance is attributable to lower interest expense resulting from scheduled debt repayments and reduced IFRS lease interest cost, which more than offset reduced interest income resulting from lower rates. Sequentially, the increase in net expense is due to reduced interest income, driven by lower interest rates, which more than offset lower interest expenses from debt repayments and reduced IFRS lease interest costs.
WNS effective tax rate for quarter one came in at 25.1%, up from 20.7% last year and from 18.3% last quarter. Changes in the quarterly tax rate are primarily due to the mix of profits between geographies and the mix of work delivered from tax incentive facilities.
The Company's adjusted net income for quarter one was $26.1 million compared with $37.6 million in the same quarter of fiscal 2020 and $42.4 million last quarter. Adjusted diluted earnings were $0.50 per share in quarter one versus $0.72 in the first quarter of last year and $0.82 last quarter. As of June 30, 2020, WNS balances in cash and investments totaled $321.1 million and the Company had $33.5 million of debt. WNS generated $25.1 million of cash from operating activities this quarter and incurred $6.4 million in capital expenditures, of which $2 million were for purchases of desktops and laptops related to COVID-19 work from home delivery.
DSO in the first quarter came in at 39 days as compared to 30 days last year and 31 days last quarter. The increase in DSO is the result of temporary payment term concessions provided to several clients and some collection delays. From a cash flow perspective, this impact was largely offset by improved management of accounts table.
With respect to other key operating metrics, total headcount at the end of the quarter was 43,422, and our attrition rate in the first quarter was 11%, down from 34% reported in quarter one of last year and from 30% in the previous quarter. The lower attrition rate reflects the impact of COVID-19 on global labor market during the quarter. Build seat capacity at the end of the first quarter remained steady at 34,779. The seat utilization metric, which the Company typically provides as a measure of infrastructure productivity, are not meaningful, given the current work from home environment.
In our press release issued earlier today, WNS provided guidance for the fiscal second quarter and continued the temporary suspension of annual guidance. For quarter two, based on the Company's current visibility levels, we expect net revenue to be in the range of $198 million to $208 million, assuming an average British pound to U.S. dollar exchange rate of $1.25 for the quarter. We currently have over 98% visibility to the midpoint of the range and guidance does not include any short-term non-recurring revenue. Second quarter adjusted net income is expected to be in the range of $24 million to $30 million based on a INR75 to a U.S. dollar exchange rate. This implies quarter two adjusted EPS of $0.46 to $0.58, assuming a diluted share count of approximately 51.7 million shares. For the full year, current global volatility and lack of visibility makes it difficult for us to provide a reasonable guidance range or set of assumptions. We expect ongoing business volatility over the next few quarters, which could impact client volumes, contract concessions, supply challenges, and new project ramps. WNS will continue to monitor the COVID-19 situation and plans to resume annual guidance once visibility improves.
The Company remains in a strong financial position with a solid balance sheet, unused lines of credit, low capex requirements, and the ability to adjust operating costs to manage profitability and cash flow.
We'll now open the call for questions. Operator?
Questions and Answers:
Operator
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Maggie Nolan with William Blair. Your line is now open.
Ted Starck-King -- William Blair -- Analyst
Hey, this is Ted actually on for Maggie. Thanks for taking our questions. So, I wanted to ask what is the guidance assumed in terms of improving demand trends over the course of Q2.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Sure. So, let me take that Ted. When you look at the Q2 assumption from a demand perspective, there's really two pieces to what's embedded in the guidance, at least in terms of at the midpoint. We do expect some mild erosion in demand from Q1 to Q2, and this is predominantly because there was some work that was done in Q1 that was backlog or catch-up related. So, we do expect to see some of our clients, especially in the travel verticals have a little bit of erosion from Q1 to Q2, but we also expect some of the deals that we signed in Q1 to be ramping throughout the quarter. So, we've got a little bit of a mixed bag there from a demand perspective, obviously, the offset to that is we do expect supply to improve. As Keshav mentioned in his prepared remarks, with the current supply at 95%, we should be doing better quarter over quarter than the 92% that we averaged in Q1.
Ted Starck-King -- William Blair -- Analyst
Okay, that's helpful. And on that point, would you characterize the business still as supply constrained. I know you're talking about 95% of demand. Is that still in your mind supply constraint or demand for outlook point where that's the primary factor going forward?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah, I think the only thing that remains as a supply constraint for WNS as of today and it's that 5% that we're not delivering, right, obviously if we're 95%, it's 5% that we're unable to do. The reason we're unable to do that is because the clients require us to be in the offices to get that piece of work done. So I would actually tell you that we're at full supply as of today, given the current lockdown situation and that our ability to address that additional 5% will be largely predicated on our ability to get back into the offices.
Ted Starck-King -- William Blair -- Analyst
That's helpful, thanks.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks, Ted.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question comes from Bryan Bergin with Cowen. Your line is now open.
Bryan Bergin -- Cowen -- Analyst
Hi, thank you. I just wanted to follow-up there on the outlook. Can you give us a sense just across the verticals there. I heard the comment on travel there, David. Are there any other verticals where you think it could be a little bit softer before it picks up again?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah, I think obviously the other place that we want to watch here in Q2 would be retail. For us, it's our diversified vertical. These are the areas where we've seen our end customers having the biggest challenges. So I think it makes sense that these are areas we have to watch. I would tell you that outside of the retail vertical and the travel vertical, the majority of the issues that we've had have either been customer-specific or supply related. So, these would be the two places that we would see as potential challenges from a demand perspective in Q2.
Bryan Bergin -- Cowen -- Analyst
Okay. And then just on margin. So the cost actions for 2Q, it looks to be up a little bit. What cost actions have been taken in 1Q? And then, your comments on the 2Q workforce actions you may take, what type of benefit do you expect from that? Can you give us a sense of kind of the cadence there on what's sustainable going forward?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
So far, Q2, right now -- in quarter one, like to work from home enablement, we had to incur lot of business continuity expenses, which were either related to laptops or connectivity or accommodation and so on. So we expect that to be a little lower as compared to quarter one and quarter two. Also, in quarter one, we had non-recurring revenue, which was at a margin, which was above Company level. So right now in quarter two, we have not factored any non-recurring revenue over there. So, that's going to be the impact over there.
As well as, if you heard from Keshav's remark perspective, we want to accelerate our investments into the digital journey technology. We were doing and we continue to do and now we want to accelerate because clients' expectation now in every discussion is around how we are going to have a better solution from a digital perspective. So, we want to really embark on that entire journey. At the same time, we'll continue to have our composition from an excess headcount perspective corresponding to revenue, but as we move forward, we'll keep on doing our proactive cost management to really manage [Technical Issues].
Those are some of the factors right now for quarter two.
Bryan Bergin -- Cowen -- Analyst
Okay, thanks.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah. The net result of that Bryan is the midpoint of guidance. We're essentially assuming that our operating margins are going to be flat. We've got some benefit as Sanjay mentioned, but we've also got some incremental costs. So, I think the good news is, we're certainly ahead of where we expected to be a quarter ago on margin, but once you get beyond Q2, the driver for margin improvement really needs to be that reacceleration on the topline.
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Just to clarify, that's flat quarter-on-quarter, right, and that obviously assumes no non-recurring, which will come at a higher proceed margin?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Correct. Again, depending on what the non-recurring revenue is. Yes, it could drive higher margins, again, though we need to kind of watch and see, but at the midpoint of guidance, the expectation is that our adjusted operating margin is simply flat Q1 to Q2.
Bryan Bergin -- Cowen -- Analyst
Okay. Okay, thank you very much.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Mayank Tandon with Needham. Your line is now open.
Mayank Tandon -- Needham -- Analyst
Thank you. Of course, a big picture question, maybe for Keshav or Dave, want to get a sense of the nature of conversations you're having today versus what you're having pre-COVID. Just trying to get a sense of what the market -- the overall market look like once we do contain this virus. In other words, do we see growth that returns to normalized levels pre-COVID or do you think growth will be marketing different given the increased desire to automate, but at the same time, companies will be focused on obviously driving operational efficiencies? So just sort of a big picture question, how does the market look beyond the pandemic. Thanks.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Sure, Mayank. That's an excellent question. And let me start -- let me start by saying that I think over the past three or four months, all clients have essentially been focused on only managing the pandemic and responding as best as they could to changing volumes on their side, managing their costs, and at the same time, just making sure that their employees were also safe. And I think that is where WNS partnered them extremely well and ensured that we were seen as a very strong partner to each one of them during very difficult times.
Having said that, I can tell you, I have been having conversations with every one of our clients across the past few weeks. And what is coming out clearly is that while some verticals continue to be challenged from a demand point of view for all the obvious reasons, the reality of CEO speak on the client side is they know that they cannot just be paralyzed and they have to continue making decisions in order to make sure that their companies and their businesses survive and grow at a healthy pace beyond the pandemic.
So, from our point of view, we're already seeing really good conversations around the need to reduce more cost, from their point of view, the need to accelerate digital models and have lesser physical kind of handoffs, and the third, their hunger and their excitement to look at new operating models that help create variability in terms of their overall costs.
Personally, as I've said in my prepared remarks as well, I actually think that assuming this as an extended pandemic, post-pandemic, the potential for this business is significantly better than what it could -- what it was pre-pandemic.
Mayank Tandon -- Needham -- Analyst
Great. That's very helpful, Keshav. And if I can just follow-up with a question on guidance, obviously, you gave specific guidance for 2Q, which is encouraging. What will it really take to be able to provide full-year guidance? It sounded like you've seen some nice pickup in terms of deal activity. I know we're not back to pre-COVID levels. But just want to get a better sense of what it would take from a visibility standpoint to be able to provide a full-year outlook once again? Thank you.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Sure. I'll take that, Mayank. I think for us to provide full-year guidance, what we really need to do is see some more stability, particularly in terms of the new client behaviors and the new wins. Like Keshav mentioned in his prepared remarks, we're very happy that we've been able to see deals moving through the pipeline, the clients are willing to entertain conversations, that we've added new logos and we've been successful in signing new pieces of business, but we also know as a Company, because we've seen this before, there can be gaps between when a deal is signed and when that deal actually starts to generate revenue. We know the client has to do some things to be prepared for transition and to prepare for WNS to come and help them, and if the clients aren't ready to do that, then the actual revenue generation for us can get delayed.
So, I think one of the things we need to see over the next couple of months is that the deal signings and the new work that we've been able to move through the pipeline is actually translating into clients making the kind of behavioral changes required for us to generate that revenue. And if that happens, I think we've largely figured out the supply side of this business at this point, we certainly could see some more volatility in demand. We have to watch out for that based on waves and what happens with the virus, but I think the biggest wild card for us right now is seeing the new business ramps converting into revenue.
Mayank Tandon -- Needham -- Analyst
Great. That's very helpful. Thanks, Dave.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question comes from Moshe Katri with Wedbush Securities. Your line is now open.
Moshe Katri -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst
Hey, thanks for taking my question. I have two here. Assuming travel continues to be weak and obviously this is probably will continue for the next six to 12 months, where do you feel the most confident or where do you get the most confidence in terms of the verticals that can down the road kind of fill in that gap that was created by the weakness in volumes there? Does it take six to 12 months to kind of get that gap filled? And then, what's your appetite on the M&A side of the business? What sort of conversations are you having and which areas are you currently focusing on? Thanks.
Gautam Barai -- Chief Operating Officer
Yeah. I'll take the first part of the question. In terms of the verticals where we see a strengthening of demand [Technical Issues]. Second vertical is our shipping and logistics vertical, where we are starting to see steady to an increase in demand. And thirdly, our consulting and professional services vertical, where some of our larger plants are going to start increasing their volumes with us. I'll ask Sanjay to just mention in terms of the M&A question.
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, I'll take the M&A part. From our perspective, at this point in time, what we're doing is we're taking a very conservative view of the M&A side. We continue to revisit and we will keep reevaluating opportunities. Our approach to M&A remains unchanged. I want to clarify that. At the same time, we're also looking at captive carve-out opportunities post-COVID. So, there are opportunities on the scene. We are being proactive in terms of looking at all of them, but in terms of priority, I think we are right now completing investments in some of the other areas from an operating point of view, where we can see results quickly, and at the same time, reserving the time frame to do some of the M&A-related activities for the longer term.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
And just to add a little bit of color to Gautam's comments, because I know the response got a little bit garbled there with the technology issue. I think when we look forward to where demand can go and fill in the hole, I think that the thing that's really important for people to understand is we're not waiting as a Company for the volumes that we've lost to come back for us to drive revenue growth, right? We kind of taken a step back, especially in the travel verticals and to a lesser extent retail, because of COVID, but the driver for us to grow the business going forward isn't waiting for those volumes to return, which we know could be prolonged in some cases. The way we're going to drive that growth is the same way we've driven our growth historically, which is by adding new logos and adding the number of processes that we manage for those clients.
So, you look at the travel vertical, for example, yes, we know it's been structurally impacted. Yes, we know it's going to be a multi-year recovery, but the reality is those businesses need our help now more than ever. So, for us to drive growth, it's not waiting for the number of passengers to come back or the number of flights or the number of routes to come back, it's helping them reduce cost, it's helping them automate what they do, it's adding to processes that we manage for them to help them reduce cost. And these are the things that are normal businesses. We don't normally grow our business based on higher volumes with the same clients, it's not a same-store business.
So, I think to the extent that we've taken a step down and this is the new baseline level for us hopefully at this point. Now the question really becomes how do we layer growth on top of that?
Moshe Katri -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst
Understood. Thanks for the color.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks, Moshe.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question comes from Ashwin Shirvaikar with Citi. Your line is now open.
Ashwin Shirvaikar -- Citi -- Analyst
Hello, can you hear me now?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah, can hear you now.
Ashwin Shirvaikar -- Citi -- Analyst
Sorry about that. First of all, good to see you are all doing well. My first question was with regards to the contracts that you signed in the quarter and the clarification there is, were these a closing out of a process that started in five quarters or was it all in quarter? What that's leading to is, if you could talk a little bit about how the sales process has evolved and changed, and do these contracts stand out either in terms of size or the pace at which the clients are asking it to ramp them.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Sure. Let me...
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Let me start and I'm sure the others would like to add on beyond that. But Ashwin, I think one of the very interesting changes that WNS is driving in terms of the sales process itself is something that we had started prior to COVID, but we have pushed through very aggressively during COVID. So, first and foremost, imagine the entire sales process for us is now being done virtually. Obviously, it's a function of how we have created automation, built certain platforms, and allowed prospects to go through the entire process of pre-sale, interacting with our sales folks, look at solution end-to-end, and also look at a transition plan, and to some extent, also see how their offices from which work will be delivered ultimately will look from a virtual point of view.
All of this has been put together on our platform and I must say that is resonating extremely well with prospects, as a result of which some of the deals that we spoke about would have started prior to the pandemic, some of them actually started during the pandemic and moved through very quickly and seamlessly, right? And that is very, very exciting from our point of view because it means the clients now appreciate and understand that you do need to physically actually travel into delivery centers to meet people and things like that to at least make the first decision.
Obviously, in the longer term, you need to do all of that, but the fact that all of this has worked, we've given comfort to them around the risk models, the operational risk, the cyber security risk, as well as the potential outcomes is working very well. And I would expect to see faster acceleration of this model and therefore better sales performance around this as well. Because, look from my perspective and my interactions with clients and prospects across the globe, we are seeing this as -- the whole COVID pandemic as nothing more than a delay or a pause at this point in time. Clients are very clear that they need to keep getting things done, they cannot keep talking about the pandemic to be paralyzed in terms of decision-making, and the quality of conversations with clients and prospects for WNS has I think improved even more. We are now talking to them about new areas beyond the traditional areas that we generally service them, and that is exciting for the long term.
Ashwin Shirvaikar -- Citi -- Analyst
That's great to hear. And then with regards to the other part of that question, which was -- these are processes, then I assume based on your response that it kind of doesn't matter whether they started before or during the quarter, because you are now fully capable of doing things virtually as far as the sales process is concerned. Is that a fair assumption then?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah, let me take that. So yeah, we are fully capable and we're comfortable in our ability to do remote transitions for both existing as well as new clients because we have now seen that it will work. The real question is, from a client perspective, how comfortable are they? And that's the one wild card that we have to watch going forward is, while we know we can do it, do clients want to wait if they believe this is a one-month or a six-month issue, do they want to wait six months for the kinder, gentler handheld model or do they want to have those savings, those business benefits quicker and have them today. So, I think you're going to see across the board very, very different behaviors client-by-client based on the pressures, based on the culture, and based on their experience with process management.
Ashwin Shirvaikar -- Citi -- Analyst
Understood. And then the clarification I had is, your 2Q outlook does leave open the possibility of sequentially lower performance for revenue and profitability metrics, but none of your comments seem to imply that that's likely. So, is this just basically an overabundance of caution leading you there? Can you talk about that?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Sure. So, I think if you look at the low end of guidance, Ashwin, for us to end up closer to the $198 million range, for example, as opposed to the midpoint, which is $203 million, where we have 98% visibility, yes, we would have to have further demand erosion, we would have to provide more clients with concession, we would have to have another wave of potential lockdowns or supply issues, and we would have to have some kind of paralysis in the timing of ramp. These are all certainly possibilities in this environment, but yes, we would have to see certain things go wrong for us to end up at the low end of guidance. And similarly for us to end up at the high end of guidance, things would have to happen that we don't have visibility to today, but certainly could happen as well.
Ashwin Shirvaikar -- Citi -- Analyst
Understood. That's great to know. And yeah, be well, guys.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks. You too, Ashwin.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
You too, thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Dave Koning with Baird. Your line is now open.
Dave Koning -- Baird -- Analyst
Yeah. Hey guys, great job.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
I think so.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Thanks, Dave.
Dave Koning -- Baird -- Analyst
Yeah, yeah. And so, I guess I just had a question, I guess, around margins. It's kind of two part, I guess. I guess, first of all, what level of revenue would you have to be at to get back to kind of the 22% or so margin that you've been putting up kind of last year? And then the second part is, has anything fundamentally changed in the business, whether it's more work from home, whether it's just less physical infrastructure needs that could actually raise the long-term margin profile relative to what you thought before?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Sure. Let me take a cut at that, and Sanjay and Keshav can add in as well. I think when you look at the margin profile, what it would take for us to get back to margins at or above 20%, at this point in time, it would probably take us getting back to a similar revenue run rate to where we were in Q3, Q4 of last fiscal year. So, I think for us to get back north of 20% on the margin line, you've got to be looking at revenues that are back in the $225 million, $235 million kind of a range. So, a lot of that now is predicated on getting that top line moving again.
We want to continue to invest and as a result, we don't want to make short-term decisions here to pull a margin lever in the second quarter that could impact how we interact with our clients, how we interact with our employees, and certainly how we continue to drive the business forward. So, I think that from a short-term perspective will be the key to getting margins up.
Longer term, we have to kind of wait and see what some of these changes to the models mean. We certainly believe that if work from home becomes a structural part of the delivery model, there will be lower cost to deliver, but the reality is we would also expect that -- in that -- those kinds of cases, clients will understand that they want lower pricing for those types of work. So, not sure that, that would necessarily drive a higher margin for us. What would potentially provide margin lift for us going forward is, if we do have more clients willing to move to transaction and outcome-based models, where we have control over delivery and we have the ability to drive those margins up by having inputs into the levers, that I think would be a bigger driver for us going forward than something like work from home.
Dave Koning -- Baird -- Analyst
Okay. Yeah, that's really helpful. And then just one other question, just looking through some of the slides you sent over, is that subscription revenue has actually been up quite a bit and then there is another line to in your contract type. And I'm just wondering what exactly is that subscription, why is that growing so well [Indecipherable]? I think that might have been up 20% or something like that even despite the tough environment. Is that something that you just shaping more work to?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Yeah.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Go -- you want to go ahead, Sanjay?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Yeah. So the prescription revenue, primarily if you recall, it's more around acquisition what we did in the healthcare space, and there has been not impacted right now from COVID in this environment perspective and that has been pretty steadily growing. Even if you'll observe, from a North America perspective, from a geography split, North America has not been impacted primarily because of some of the growth what we are seeing there. So, that continues.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah. So the subscription base is largely in our healthcare payer business, and we've seen not only that they're stable in this COVID environment, but we've also seen healthy growth in that vertical in that segment of the vertical over the last year, which is part of what you're -- what you're alluding to. The other thing is when you look at the outcome-based revenues, right, the reality is because their performance base, there is less volatility with things like volumes, right? This is more about how we're performing and what we own versus the number of transactions that we're processing. So, from that perspective, I think we do have a little bit more control over how we generate revenue in that area than, for example, in a transaction-based model, where we're completely at the disposal of what the clients' volumes are doing.
Dave Koning -- Baird -- Analyst
Gotcha. Yeah, thanks. Well, great job guys.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks, Dave.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Vincent Colicchio with Barrington Research. Your line is now open.
Vincent Colicchio -- Barrington Research -- Analyst
Yes. Nice quarter guys. I was curious, you had mentioned that you picked up some business from competitor. Are there more opportunities like that out there, is there sort of a pipeline of that?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Sure, I'll take that. Yes, we -- during the quarter, we did take some business and have helped a prospect who we were working with earlier in terms of some business that while their existing vendors couldn't manage because of the pandemic. And you've got to do that in order to make sure that the industry is healthy and that the value is being seen. So, that's one.
At the same time, as I talk to clients across the globe, I think there is a very clear feedback coming to WNS that the way we have managed this pandemic and the way we have kept the lights on for them and the partner-like approach that we have showed them all through in terms of not just keeping the lights on, but also in terms of just being very partner-like on our contracts, on our payment terms, things like that, has been appreciated very, very much by each and every one of them. And that is going to actually result, I believe, in much more traction in the longer term in terms of new opportunities that traditionally they may have kept insourced with themselves or may have handed over to some other partner who didn't respond as well. So that's something that I think will benefit us.
And overall, I still am very positive about the fact that there are enough kind of reasons why the model post-pandemic is going to be very positive for the industry and for us. Because the reality of life is, any client I'm speaking to is not expecting volumes to permanently be where they are for in terms of their business volume. They expect it to come back at some stage and they're looking for temporary help at this point in time, but overall, their need to save costs, their need for digital acceleration, their need to manage volatility through new models, their excitement about being able to blend the work from home model into their existing business as well as the fact that the pre-COVID drivers kind of continue to remain in place means the potential longer term for the industry is positive.
Vincent Colicchio -- Barrington Research -- Analyst
And what degree of confidence do you have that financial concessions are largely behind the Company?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
I think it's something we obviously have to watch. The reality is, if you look at the concessions that we provided, they've been temporary, and to the extent that there are prolonged challenges, we may have to help clients over several months, potentially even several quarters with concession, but again, part of what we've been doing with these conversations is to look at ways for us to help them further to reduce costs, right? So, the clients who are going to be most impacted are also going to be the ones that are most likely to give us additional process work because they need to save more money. And as opposed to getting a 5% discount on what they already do with us, the bigger opportunity is to save 30% to 40% with what they haven't done yet. So, that's part of it.
The other thing that we've done that we did not talk a lot about on this call is in exchange for some of the concessions that we provided, we've also added contract years to the term. So, one of the things that we've tried to do is say, where we're giving you concessions for an additional quarter, we want to add another year to our contract so as opposed to it expiring in 2023, it will expire now in 2024.
Vincent Colicchio -- Barrington Research -- Analyst
Thanks for that color, Dave.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Vincent, just to add one point here, I think by now you must realize that this is a very disciplined team. So, even in these areas, this team is very disciplined. One of the things that we have also focused on during this pandemic is, we've also looked at our entire client base very carefully and clients that didn't have potential for the long term, we've actually also exited. So, I wanted to mention that as well.
Vincent Colicchio -- Barrington Research -- Analyst
Thank you, gentlemen.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks, Vince.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Sam England with Berenberg. Your line is now open.
Sam England -- Berenberg -- Analyst
Hi, guys. Just a couple from me. First one, I suppose around the concessions point. Your DSOs were up quite a bit year-over-year and sequentially. Do you have any concerns around collections going forward, and is there anything you're doing to try and up collections? And I suppose, is that increased DSO number driven by any particular verticals? Is it the ones we might expect them to be like travel, like retail that you mentioned?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
So the DSO is -- it's just not due to any particular vertical, just more broad based. And as Dave was talking about some concessions, what we need to do and this concession also included from our payment term perspective and during the quarter one, there were certain delays from some of the clients due to the challenges what they had. So, this concession may continue, but we'll have to just watch how things progresses. So, that was the only reason for the DSO. But cash is stable, collections are stable, and at this stage, we are not seeing any concern from any client as of today.
Sam England -- Berenberg -- Analyst
Okay, great. Thanks. And then next one, you mentioned earlier on the call around the investment you had to put in in IT to shift over to a remote working model. I was just wondering longer term whether the pandemic has made you realize there's any areas of the IT infrastructure you need to invest more heavily in going forward?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Yeah. From our perspective, while there has been an increased IT investments, predominantly in terms of the laptops and desktops to enable the work from home scenarios, we don't anticipate larger continued investments around that particular area, it's just a normal course of business. We're starting to see and we continue to make the relevant investments on the technology and the transformation side of the business, where there is an increase in continued demand.
Sam England -- Berenberg -- Analyst
All right. That you very much.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah, the only thing I'd like to add to that Sam is, in addition to the laptops and the desktops, one of the places where we have invested and it's more on the software side is the cyber security, which Keshav mentioned. So, making sure that we firmed up our remote access, making sure that connectivity is healthy, making sure that we've got threat monitoring and threat intelligence, so that we can not only work from home, but work from home in a solution model that gives our clients the comfort and confidence that their business is as stable and secure as is in our facilities.
Sam England -- Berenberg -- Analyst
Great. Thanks very much.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks, Sam.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Puneet Jain with J.P. Morgan. Your line is now open.
Puneet Jain -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Hey, thanks for taking my question. Keshav, could virtual sales and virtual transitions drive higher outsourcing longer term as they reduce cost and time required in those steps?
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So, Puneet, great question. So the reality is, I think for most clients and for prospects, it has to be business as usual. We've now finished four months of the pandemic and the experts speak out there is this probably is something we have to assume will last for the next 12 months to 18 months till a vaccine is out there. So, if you bake that into your thinking and if you are a client and you are looking to stay in business and continue with your strategic programs, you're quite clear that you don't want to wait till the end of the pandemic to start making those decisions because you want to participate in the old model.
I think what we are seeing is clients now getting comfortable with the fact that this is something that is around, we have to now live with it, and we have to take the decisions. And therefore, when we come out with the model of this kind to them, it actually helps them take the decision quickly. And I can tell you, even post-pandemic as opposed to prospects flying across the pond and meeting 10 potential partners and then choosing one or two, I actually think many of them may actually look at interacting with five or six potential partners in this format and thereafter flying across the pond to just meet with one.
So, the reality is that, with technology, with the maturity, with the understanding of the work from home model, we have lead in terms of creating completely new thinking, new models for prospects and clients to continue that journey with us. And if you ask me, I think the fact that we delivered so well during such difficult times will actually hold us in good stead for the long term. That's what clients and prospects are indicating to me.
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
And maybe just to add that, work from home or virtual transition, it's just not necessarily means just reduction of the cost, but it's all about adding more value.
Puneet Jain -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Right, right. No, understood. And your travel vertical was down but nowhere as much as the industry capacity appears to be. So, is that because of high level of booking cancellations, which would also generate a transaction for you and what do you expect for travel in second quarter?
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Yes, absolutely. Last quarter, in terms of the travel vertical, we've seen the demand has been actually centered around the bookings cancellations, refunds and the changes associated with the hospitality and the airline and the OTA industry. We continue to see some of these changes, cancellations or refunds of bookings and including as in certain countries where the lockdowns have started being eased, the increase in some of the bookings happening. So that's where some of the volumes even in Q2 and Q3 will continue to be added.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Right. And I think just to add to that, Puneet, it's always important to understand when you look at, for example, our travel vertical, not everything that we do in that vertical is variable with volume. We have services that we provide to several of our OTA and our airline clients that are variable with either customer interaction activity levels or even operations. For example, finance and accounting, may not have any kind of a variability to it. So, I think the reason that you've seen our travel less impacted than, for example, when you look at the numbers that the OTAs were down, 80%, then the airlines were down 90%, you haven't seen a corresponding reduction in our revenues.
Puneet Jain -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Got it, got it.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
One of the things I want to mention -- one of the things I want to mention, which hopefully should give some comfort and confidence is while -- for the current year, one should expect to see this kind of impact around the travel vertical. What I'm hearing from our clients is that bookings for 2021 are already at pre-COVID levels, which is very interesting and it speaks a lot about the human spirit. People want to fly, people want to get back to travel, people want to take cruisers, visit hotels. So, at this point in time, it's very interesting that while we are not seeing that level of commitment in terms of volume right now, for 2021 in many cases, volumes are already up pre-COVID levels for many of our clients.
Puneet Jain -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
No, that's...
Gautam Barai -- Chief Operating Officer
And also just to add another point to what Keshav mentioned is, earlier we had mentioned [Technical Issues] that has also enabled some of the clients to actually consolidate vendors where we have been the recipient of the consolidation across vendors. So, that's also shored up our volumes.
Puneet Jain -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Right, right, right. No, all of that makes sense. Thanks for the explanation.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Thanks, Puneet.
Operator
Thank you. And our next question comes from Edward Caso. Your line is now open.
Edward Caso -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Good morning. Good evening. I was curious about any market share gains that you believe you're getting both from competitors, may be smaller ones that don't -- weren't quiet as able to switch to work from home, as well as any potential benefit from clients who have undersized sort of captive operations? Thanks.
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah, let me take that, Ed. I think we've definitely seen examples where competitors have struggled to service either our clients or our relationship in this environment. I don't know that I would see this as a short-term driver for market share, but certainly, I think when you look out over the next five years, the fact that clients increasingly want a partner who can provide end-to-end services that -- the end-to-end service is really where the value in digital transformation is driven, that niche providers are going to struggle in this environment.
And our customers are looking for somebody to hold accountable for results, not to supply pieces or parts of their business. So, I think it makes logical sense that over time you're going to see consolidation in this industry and see consolidation to where those providers that can provide end-to-end capabilities, especially in a domain-centric model, are going to be the ones that are winning the business and become net acquirers in some cases of these niche tuck-in types of thing.
I, with respect to captive carve-out Keshav mentioned a little bit earlier, we see opportunities there. It's been very clear that several large global organizations that have captive units struggled badly with the transition to work from home, and I think as a result of that, they may be reevaluating whether or not they want to have captive unit. And as a result, they will either be need to be looking to get rid of them or looking at a partner who can service them. So, we certainly see this as an opportunity for an end-to-end domain-centric player like WNS to gain share over the next several years in an industry that hopefully has accelerated growth.
Edward Caso -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
My other question is around that 5% that you're unable to do because of risk client restrictions. Where did that work go? Did the client pull it back in-house? And then where are you in the process of sort of being able to capture that work, particularly now that my understanding is India is -- at least Bangalore is going into another round of lockdown?
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Yeah. So I'll take that, Ed, and Gautam can add some color to that. Obviously, when you look at the 5% that we're unable to address, it's because of the sensitivity of the work that clients don't want it done remote. We have been able to address some of our clients' requirements, but the reality is if you look at what they're doing with that work today, it's a combination of things. Some have decided to bring some of that work back in-house because they've got extra capacity, they got people sitting around without a lot to do, which has been part of it. Some of it has been backlog or queued, so that when we get into the offices, we can start to address that backlog, and some of it is just gone depending on the type of work.
So, it's really a mix of things, but there is definitely some opportunity when we can get back into the office to address that. In terms of getting back into the offices, I think it's going to be a combination of fits and starts. We got to be very careful, as Keshav mentioned, about not moving too quickly and not moving too many people into the offices and constantly running fire drills where we're moving our employees back and forth from office to home. That being said, even when we can get into the offices, we realize there are challenges with transportation, there are challenges with employees' comfort in working from an office in this environment. So, there is a number of things that need to happen for us to be able to address that.
One of the things we're also working on is trying to get clients more and more comfortable in our work from home cyber security protocols, so that they may enable us to attack that 5% without having to get back into the office. Whether or not they're willing to do that over the next several months is something we're going to have to watch, but it's clearly one of our key focuses over the next quarter or two to try and manage what we can control to try and get at that 5%.
Edward Caso -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Great, thank you.
Gautam Barai -- Chief Operating Officer
Also just to add what David mentioned, besides the client having an excess capacity, which enables them to process some of the work, it's also [Technical Issues] appropriately convinced in terms of the security and infosec measures associated with work from home. And as the clients ensure along and be along with them that same kind of security systems are in place, we will start seeing a lot more acceptance with regard to even the 5% of the work being enabled from work from home.
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
I just want to mention one thing, which is if one steps back and look at the clients' feeling about all of this, my conversations with all of them clearly bring out the fact that, look, they are also having the same issues of COVID back at home. So, if they have taken something back, they are also operating from home and frankly, it's not a model that they want to work in for themselves. So, not only would they like to see this come back to us and it's just a matter of time after which it will come back to us, but they're also reevaluating a number of other processes that were not outsourced earlier, which they are forced to operate from home at this point in time themselves, which I think will also be part of our long-term game plan. So, I actually think it will be positive, though in the short term, we'll have to wait and see when we get back to the office.
Edward Caso -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 70 minutes
Call participants:
David Mackey -- Executive Vice President, Finance & Head of Investor Relations
Keshav Murugesh -- Group Chief Executive Officer
Sanjay Puria -- Chief Financial Officer
Gautam Barai -- Chief Operating Officer
Ted Starck-King -- William Blair -- Analyst
Bryan Bergin -- Cowen -- Analyst
Mayank Tandon -- Needham -- Analyst
Moshe Katri -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst
Ashwin Shirvaikar -- Citi -- Analyst
Dave Koning -- Baird -- Analyst
Vincent Colicchio -- Barrington Research -- Analyst
Sam England -- Berenberg -- Analyst
Puneet Jain -- JPMorgan -- Analyst
Edward Caso -- Wells Fargo -- Analyst
