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Amkor Technology Inc (AMKR 1.27%)
Q3Â 2020 Earnings Call
Oct 26, 2020, 5:00 p.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Amkor Technology Third Quarter 2020 Earnings Conference Call. My name is Diego, and I will be your conference facilitator today. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' remarks, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference call over to Vince Keenan. Mr. Keenan, please go ahead.
Vincent Keenan -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us for Amkor's third quarter 2020 earnings conference call. Joining me today are Giel Rutten, our Chief Executive Officer; and Megan Faust, our Chief Financial Officer.
Our earnings press release was filed with the SEC this afternoon and is available on our website. During this conference call, we will use non-GAAP financial measures, and you could find a reconciliation to the U.S. GAAP equivalent on our website. We will also make forward-looking statements about our expectations for Amkor's future performance, based on the environment as we currently see it.
Of course, actual results could be different. Please refer to our press release and other SEC filings for information on risk factors, uncertainties and exceptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from these expectations. Please note that the financial results discussed today are preliminary and final data will be included in our Form 10-Q.
And now I would like to turn the call over to Giel.
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Good afternoon, everyone, and thanks for joining the call today. Before reviewing our financial results for the third quarter, I would like to announce an important milestone for Amkor. The Board has decided to initiate a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.04 per share, with the first payment to be made in January, 2021. This decision reflects confidence in our consistent financial performance, good free cash flow generation and a positive long-term business outlook. Megan will provide additional information regarding the dividend later in our call.
Now let me turn to a review of our third quarter performance and the outlook for the fourth quarter. I will also cover the important markets and technologies, where I believe Amkor is well positioned for growth. Continued solid demand in our advanced packaging technologies resulted in the highest quarterly revenue in Amkor's history. Revenue of $1.35 billion was above the high end of guidance, an increase of 25% year-over-year and 15% sequentially. Broad-based demand in the communications and automotive and industrial markets drove both revenue and profitability higher than expectations. When combined with the strong first-half results, we generated $0.87 of EPS in just the first three quarters. This enabled us to further strengthen our balance sheet.
Communications revenue was very robust in the third quarter, mainly driven by the launch of next-generation premium smartphones. Revenue increased over 30% sequentially and year-on-year. The strength is a reflection of Amkor's solid position in the mobile market, with engagements across a wide range of customers leveraging our advanced technology portfolio. Although overall smartphone units are forecasted to decline this year, the introduction of 5G capability and the proliferation of high-end features has helped to expand our footprint, particularly in the RF domain, and in modems, sensors and peripheral devices.
Third quarter performance in the automotive market was better than expected, with a low single-digit sequential growth. Advanced products for automotive were up double-digit sequentially. Here we saw a majority of our customers ramp up their orders throughout the quarter. The one exception was in Japan, which has been slower to recover and where we expect Q3 to be the trough quarter.
We also had another solid quarter in the consumer end-markets, with significant growth of 9% sequentially and 70% year-over-year. We continued to invest in capacity and technology to drive manufacturing, scale and innovation in our advanced SiP solutions. This allows us to capitalize on opportunities in the consumer IoT and other growth markets. We're also expanding our engineering teams by adding experts in areas like RF and system test to enable full turnkey support to our customers.
Our revenue performance in the computing end-market was in line with expectations, with sequential growth of 3% and a solid year-on-year increase of 21%. We saw good performance in all applications, including data center, infrastructure, storage and personal computing. Following a strong second quarter, our memory business was flat sequentially and was up 6% year-on-year. Finally, our test business grew almost 10% year-over-year in Q3, as we continued to focus on expanding test attach rates.
The continued strong demand of advanced products resulted in a high utilization of our wafer level, flip-chip and SiP production line. Several factories delivered record output in this third quarter. Utilization rates in our leadframe and wirebond lines improved slightly toward the end of the quarter, reflecting signs of recovery in the automotive end-markets, where we do 40% of our leadframe and wirebond business.
Our manufacturing organization continues to do an excellent job across factories to meet the growing customer demands, while also maintaining necessary containment measures to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. All factories achieved excellent quality performance in the third quarter, with the lowest quality instant level for over three years. This resulted in several positive customer endorsements. Our procurement team has been able to limit supply chain disruptions for components and material supply.
Now let me turn to our fourth quarter outlook. We are expecting the fourth quarter to be another solid quarter, with revenue of $1.3 billion at the midpoint of our guidance. This represents a year-on-year increase of over 10% in Q4 and over 20% for the full year of 2020. Performance will depend in part on the successful launch of next-generation phone models and a continued recovery of the automotive market, especially in Japan.
On capex, we expect to spend this year approximately $550 million, with the potential to increase up to $575 million. The potential 5% increase is depending on new opportunities in advanced SiP that could begin ramping in the first half of 2021. Our major investments for this year include advanced SiP capacity and capability, test capacity and quality enhancements through factory automation.
Going forward, I'm confident that the growth drivers in the semiconductor industry remain in place. 5G communication, high performance computing, IoT wearables and automotive electronics will continue to drive innovation and technology and manufacturing in the OSAT domain. The breadth and diversity of Amkor's technology portfolio, manufacturing, scale and footprint, together with its broad customer base and global support structure positions the Company very well to serve our customers in these high growth areas.
Megan will now provide more detailed financial information.
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Giel, and good afternoon, everyone. Before I discuss our financial results, I would like to note how pleased we are to announce the initiation of a regular quarterly cash dividend. We have taken a lot of deliberate steps to reach that significant milestone. The principle driving force has been our sustained focus on generating free cash flow. Over the past several years, we have exercised capex discipline and increased flexibility in our manufacturing lines to reduce capital intensity to around 12%.
The emphasis on cost control and operating efficiency, while improving manufacturing quality, has resulted in optimizing our overall fixed manufacturing cost structure. And our focus on cost control has also resulted in relatively flat SG&A expense, excluding restructuring charges, over the past five years. At the same time, Amkor capitalized on significant growth opportunities in advanced packaging technologies that target 5G, advanced automotive systems, IoT wearables and high performance computing, all of which generates strong cash flows for the business. We not only invested in growth, but also strengthened our balance sheet over the last few years.
In the September quarter, we paid down $230 million of debt and had over $900 million in cash and short-term investments at the end of Q3. Our net debt of $400 million is the lowest in our public Company's history, and our gross leverage ratio of debt to EBITDA is 1.4 times at the end of Q3, just below our long-term target of 1.5 times.
With total liquidity of $1.3 billion, including undrawn credit facilities and our proven record for delivering consistent free cash flow, we now have the financial flexibility to continue to make investments in future growth opportunities, while returning capital to stockholders. As a reflection of their confidence and our consistent financial performance and long-term outlook the Board has approved the initiation of a regular quarterly cash dividend in the amount of $0.04 per share, payable on January 7th, 2021 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on December 18th, 2020.
Now, onto the results. Our third quarter revenue represents the fourth consecutive quarter of record quarterly revenue. This strong top line growth drove operating income for the first nine months of 2020 to nearly $300 million and operating income margin to over 8%. Gross profit dollars in Q3 increased 25% sequentially, and gross margin increased 140 basis points to 17.8%. Q3 operating expenses were $114 million, including $6 million for restructuring costs in Japan.
Our Japan initiative is expected to reduce annual fixed costs by approximately $25 million, half of which we expect to benefit from in 2020. Excluding restructuring costs, operating expenses through the first nine months of 2020 were essentially flat with the prior-year comparable period. The combination of strong revenue growth and continued spending discipline drove Q3 operating margin up 200 basis points sequentially to 9.4%. Q3 EBITDA increased 20% sequentially to $250 million and EBITDA margin was 19%.
Moving on to our fourth quarter outlook, we expect revenue to be between $1.25 billion and $1.35 billion. Gross margin for Q4 is expected to be between 17% and 20%. We expect Q4 operating expenses of around $120 million, including restructuring charges of approximately $12 million, primarily related to our Japan initiatives. With the increase in profit before tax, we expect a lower annual effective tax rate in the mid-teens. We expect net income to be in the range of $68 million to $115 million, and earnings per share to be in the range of $0.28 to $0.47.
As Giel stated earlier, our 2020 forecast for capital expenditures of $550 million may increase by up to 5% to $575 million, as we evaluate demand and growth opportunities for 2021.
With that, we will now open the call up for your questions. Operator, you may begin the polling now.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, at this time, we will be conducting our question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Randy Abrams with Credit Suisse. Please state your question.
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay. Yeah. Thank you, and good result, and also encouraging to see the dividend implemented. I wanted to ask the first question about the comment you made on the capex, if you could talk a little more about that 2021 the opportunities you're looking at? And also, it looks like more specific growth over [Phonetic] the past year has been in the advanced packaging. If you're getting to a point of getting tight on capacity into next year, you may have to start accelerating some of the investments. So if you could give an initial view on the, at least, at where it stands now, the capex into next year?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Hi, Randy. This is Giel. Randy, with respect to the capex and the potential increase of 5% going into the fourth quarter, we see a fairly strong pipeline of, specifically, our advanced SiP portfolio in the consumer IoT market, but also in the communication market, and there we work on a couple of programs that may ramp up in the first -- ramp up in the first quarter, and that will drive capex in our fourth quarter. So depending on the exact timing of these programs, there will be a slight increase of about 5% toward the end of the year.
That was at least the first part of the question. What was again the second part of your question?
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay. Yeah, it was two-part, but it's more of a direction for next year, and it's more factoring the advanced capacity that has been growing quite well. If that's getting to that point, you're getting pretty full and need to start to accelerate some investments.
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, I mean, we expect that the cyclicality of some of the markets will not fundamentally change. So if you look to our first and second quarter, we expect that to be slightly lower than our third and fourth quarter. That's a regular seasonality. So we don't expect a significant capex to be ramping in the first half. However, with some of the phone launches changing their schedule, it may drive some incremental capacity required in the second quarter. So we are open for that, but currently I don't expect and anticipate huge ramp in capacity spending or capital spending in the first two quarters of next year.
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay. And maybe -- and talking about, I guess, from maybe a rough sense for next year that capital intensity then you're still expecting low teens for the capital intensive at this stage?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes, I think that's our target, that's our anticipation that we share. We keep our capex spending at the low-teens, and that's where we're currently budgeting for.
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay, and I want to ask one more question on the tightness. The -- I'm curious if you're seeing any limitations on things like the high-end ABF substrates? If that's any issue limiting some of your business? And the other area of tightness, it seems like some areas of foundries are getting tight, if you're also seeing any limitation from that side? And then, at the same time in the space that you're participating, how you're seeing overall industry tightness and implication for pricing, if any change rates firming up or adjusting?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Let's start with the substrate supply chain. There is indeed some tightness in the substrate supply chain that requires us to work very closely with both our customers on one hand and with the suppliers on the other hand. Now we expect that to last into the early part of next year. Currently, it's not really hampering our ramp, but it's getting tight, and that also ties a little bit in your -- in the third part of your questions on the pricing. Some of the material pricing is trending upwards slightly, and that is related, of course, with that shortness in the market on the substrate.
Now on the foundry part, your second question, there is some tightness of supply specifically in the 8-inch foundry side. It doesn't really impact our [Indecipherable] we are sort of agnostic to the foundry supply chain with something that is primarily a choice of our customers, but what we hear -- what we currently see is that there is tightness in wafer suppliers.
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay. And I have, I guess, just two other questions. One on the memory space, where we had the M&A get announced by Hynix acquiring Intel. Does that have any impact on the memory iteration [Phonetic] I think had a good business on the NAND side. But if you could talk about any change for the memory part of your business?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. So I think the announcement of Hynix acquiring the Intel part. Well, first of all, it will take a while before that deal will close. I think, what I'm reading is it may take up to two years and even a little bit longer. I mean, the Intel NAND part is a relatively small part of our business. So we see a potential maximum impact of low -- pretty low-single digits on our overall revenue for the Company. So not material, I would say, and it will develop over time, and we don't know exactly how the supply chain for that part of the share -- of the NAND business in Hynix at that point of time will change. I mean, bringing it to their internal supply chain will take also some time.
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Yeah, makes sense. Okay, the last question I wanted to ask on the -- it's more of the mainstream versus advanced. Mainstream looks like turning the bottom, which you mentioned of Japan. I guess, your sense if there is -- if you're seeing that visibility we could get a snap back or it looks like we bounce along the bottom for while? And then from the advanced packaging, where, in communications, you've been tracking up 30%. If you maybe think the opposite effect, given strong growth this launch of 5G, maybe, it sets up a high base, where that starts to moderate or if you see drivers for a continued strength carrying into next year?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Let's start with the mainstream part. We shared -- in the last quarter at the end of second quarter, we anticipated a trough quarter in the third quarter and we still see that to happen. So from here, we expect a recovery in the mainstream markets. We do about 40% of our total mainstream business in automotive, and there we see a slight recovery going forward.
Although, we don't expect a V-shape recovery, we see a -- we will see a gradual improvement. There is -- on top of the end-market recovery, we also see an effect with respect to inventories, where we reported also some inventory buildup specifically in the automotive market at the end of the second quarter, and we now see that inventory level normalizes significantly. So the recovery of the end-market and -- which together with the effect of a more balanced, let's say, inventory, we are, I would say, fairly positive with respect to the recovery of this mainstream market going forward.
Now to your second part of your question with respect to the high bar of the communication business and how do we expect that to grow. I would say, the overall communication market this year, in volume, is still expected to be down. I would say, it is expected to be down high-teens. Will that recover next year? I think, with respect to smartphone volume, I expect a recovery, and then an important driver that drives, let's say, semiconductor value is 5G and 5G proliferation. This year, there are roughly about 200 million 5G phones in the market. We expect that to go to a rough number between 300 million and 350 million phones, because there is a semiconductor increment in 5G phones. So there is, let's say, an increase in the semiconductor content in the smartphone market. We expect that to continue into 2021. Whether it will be at the rate of this year, that's to be expected, but we will see it continue to increase.
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Okay. Great. Thanks a lot, Giel and Megan.
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Okay.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Sidney Ho with Deutsche Bank. Please state your question.
Sidney Ho -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Thanks for taking my questions. First of all, congrats on the dividend announcement. My first question is, maybe, a little shorter-term question on the communications business. With this year's flagship phone being pushed out by few weeks, do you expect a strength in communications in the second half of this year to extend into the first quarter of next year? If I look at the past five years, the sequential growth in your comms business is somewhere between flat to down 30%. Just curious how you think about that in the first quarter of 2021?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Well, Sidney, I think it's not so easy to predict what will happen in the first quarter 2021. You refer to a delay in the launch, I mean, that may be a few weeks -- I don't -- personally, I don't see that much of a delay. How that business will develop in the first quarter next year, specifically, from a semiconductor perspective, is difficult to forecast. It all depends on the sell-through of the phones that are being launched in the different ecosystems at the end of this year.
Sometimes we see a very strong sell-through in the main season, the Christmas season, and that then, of course, drives a lot of replenishment in the overall supply chain, and that requires, of course, a much more stronger impact of -- or that has a much more stronger impact on the semiconductor supply chain. However, if the sell-through is not good then Q1 may be impacted. So current view is that the end-market demand for the phones is good, and that would drive a strong first quarter, but we are currently evaluating what exactly that will is.
Sidney Ho -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Okay. That's fair. Thanks. Maybe a follow-up question is, related to inventory in the supply chain, I think you just talked about the inventory in the auto supply chain, but are there any other areas that you see inventory has been elevated right now? And do you think most of that would be worked down by the end of this year? In particular, in the smartphone market, we've been hearing some pre-buys and anticipation of some share gains. Curious just what you're seeing there?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yes. I already mentioned automotive data can only reconfirm that I expect toward the end of the year that that supply chain will be much more in balance. With respect to the communication market, also there we observe that in the second quarter there was some inventory build up both on the component materials side just to manage the risk in the third and fourth quarter ramp. Now there is much more confidence in the market that the COVID-19 impact on the overall supply chain is limited, certainly in Asia. So also for the communication markets, at least from our perspective, I expect the supply chain to be much more in balance in the fourth quarter.
Sidney Ho -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Okay. Maybe one last question for me, I'll go away. In terms of gross margin, with Q4 revenue being down at the midpoint of your guidance, yet your gross margin is going up, can you walk us through that dynamics? And kind of related to this, when I look at the mainstream products, you are still 25% below the roughly $600 million quarterly run rate that used to peak at. Is there a way to think about the gross margin impact of that underutilization for that business. Maybe asked differently, if you're mainstream has factored a [Phonetic] $600 million level, what kind of an uplift do -- does that do to the Company's gross margin? Thanks.
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Hi, Sidney. This is Megan. I will take that one. With respect to the incremental flow through that you're seeing between Q3 and Q4, there are couple of dynamics happening there. The first one really is changes in product mix. And given that we're expecting to see a recovery in the Japan auto market, which is increasing our utilization, we're really getting strong flow through on that. So the better utilization of those Japan assets is really helping the margin.
The second component is we are expecting to see some notable benefits recognized in Q4 for our Japan initiative. So both of those are really contributing to higher gross profit dollars, higher margin on the lower revenue. With respect to how to think about the mainstream, and yes, you're right, we're still below revenue that we've achieved in prior periods. The best way to think about that is really our flow-through model. So we typically expect a 40% to 50% flow through on our incremental revenue.
Sidney Ho -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Okay. Thank you.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from Krish Sankar with Cowen & Company. Please state your question.
Krish Sankar -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Yeah, hi. Thanks for taking my question, and congrats on the dividend initiation. I have two of them. First one for either Giel or Megan. Just to go back to the capex question, if you do upside it to $575 million for this year, is it borrowing from next year. I mean, if I look at your capex over the last several years, it's been running around a $550 million run rate except for last year, so I'm just trying to figure out is the upside for this year borrowing from next year or is it tough to say at this point?
And then I have a follow-up.
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yeah. Let me try to answer that here. Is it borrowing for -- from next year? Yeah, that's a good question. I think to some extent, it is. On the other hand, we also see there incremental projects that we didn't anticipate before that come in and that will drive higher capex. Of course, the matter is also a timing across the year end is a little bit arbitrary, but normally, I think, this will be incremental capex for the year.
Krish Sankar -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Got it. Thanks, Giel. And then as a follow-up. So looking to next year, arguably like you also highlighted, 5G phone should increase, but arguably 4G might slow down. So how would it impact your SiP technology business for the RF front-end module?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Well, that's a detailed question, Krish. First of all, we expect the overall phone market to recover next year. So referring to what I said earlier, we expect the phone market to, with respect to total volume, to decline, and that includes 4 plus 5G [Phonetic], which, let's say, between 10% and 15% this year. And there is many reasons for that, I think the COVID-19 pandemic at the early part of the year was one of the, let's say, the reasons that there was a slow market in that part of the year. So we expect that to recover to some extent, and that will drive overall volume.
And then the second part is the increase of 5G will reduce the 4G volumes. However, if you look to the semiconductor content in general and the RF content specific for 5G phones that's significantly higher for 5G. So certainly for the next coming years, we see that switch moving from more 4G -- from 4G to 5G, thus the RF business will continue to strengthen.
Krish Sankar -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Got it. Thanks, Giel. Thanks, Megan, and congrats on the good results and the dividend.
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Okay. Thanks, Krish.
Operator
Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Atif Malik with Citi. Please state your question.
Atif Malik -- Citi -- Analyst
Hi. Thank you for taking my questions, and congratulations on the initiation of the dividend. Giel, I have a question on SMIC [Phonetic], any impact to your sales? You mentioned agnostic to foundry supply chain then not being able to get equipment. Is there any impact to your sales outlook?
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Yeah, Atif. This is Giel. I -- we already mentioned that Amkor is agnostic to the foundry supply chain. I think customers are working with foundry partners and wafers either come from foundry A or foundry B, so that is a switch in certain application areas. Besides the wafer supply, there is also another element to JSAT, which has a small upside -- potential upside for Amkor, and that's their joint venture. It's called JCAP. And they do bumping and probing services, and that is part of the overall restriction, and we see that instead of the wafer goes to alternative foundries, I think that part will come to the OSAT including Amkor. So that's a small potential upside on that part of the business, but overall I stick with our position to attribute. We are agnostic to wafer supply.
Atif Malik -- Citi -- Analyst
Great. Then the follow-up for Megan, with respect to the cash dividend, you talked about positive long-term outlook, which is driving the initiation of the cash dividend, can you just give us some pointers in terms of what do you mean by the long-term outlook, if semiconductor industry grows at X, how do you think Amkor grows with respect to that, and if you can also comment on kind of long-term gross margin or operating margin target?
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure, Atif. So we have not outlined public long-term metrics. However, just speaking in terms of general indications, we would expect that Amkor would grow with or ahead of the market given how well positioned we are in those growth areas.
Atif Malik -- Citi -- Analyst
Anything on the profitability goal?
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, we have not outlined publicly our long-term profitability goals. I think as we've demonstrated over the last recent quarters, we've been able to show sustainability and cash flow and gross margin expansion. So we're going to continue on that track.
Atif Malik -- Citi -- Analyst
Great. Thank you.
Operator
Our next question comes from Ana Goshko with Bank of America. Please state your question.
Ana Goshko -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Hi. Thanks very much. I think all my operational questions have been covered, but I did want to ask you on the dividend. Why does the -- have the dividend policy or sort of the framework that management and the Board decided on with regard to the size of the dividend. Is it -- did you look at like potential kind of a threshold of free cash flow coverage or were you looking more at long-term growth potential for the dividend?
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure, Ana. I can give you some color on that. So there is a lot of factors considered in determining the amount to initiate the dividend. I would say that the kind of big picture is we felt that $0.04, which yields over -- about over 1% yield, is a really good place to start. As you look at the semi-industry and the cyclicality, we didn't want to constrain ourselves with some sort of percentage of free cash flow. That being said, we are very comfortable with what we have demonstrated, especially in the recent five years that we will have sufficient cash flow in order to accommodate the dividend at that size.
Ana Goshko -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Okay. Great. Thanks for that color. And then secondly, on the debt repayment that you did in the quarter, what did you repay and was it higher interest that I think was probably at the subsidiary level? And then, could you also let us know what is the average interest rate that you're paying now on the country level loans roughly?
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Sure, Ana. I can give you some color there, and then, of course, when our 10-K's on file, all the details will be available. The debt that was paid down in the quarter was, as you said, are [Indecipherable]. And so that rate -- that averages in the high threes, low fours on average. So that's the transactions that we took here in Q3.
Ana Goshko -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Okay. And then finally, you still have a pretty good amount of cash. What is your thought on the minimum cash balance?
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, we haven't publicly put forth any sort of minimum cash balance. I will say we continued to evaluate what our optimal capital structure is, including evaluating any further debt reduction. So yes, I agree $900 million is more than sufficient to operate our business. Just as a reminder, we had increased our liquidity in COVID just as a precautionary measure. And so, we continued to be cautious even coming into Q4 given some of the surges, and once we're comfortable, we'll consider how to manage that.
Ana Goshko -- Bank of America -- Analyst
Okay. Great. Well, thank you very much. That's very helpful.
Operator
Thank you. At this time, I'm showing no further questions. I would like to turn the call back over to Giel for closing remarks. Thank you.
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Thank you. Before closing the call, I would like to recap our key messages. Amkor has reached an important milestone in its history with the announcement of a regular quarterly cash dividends. We delivered an all-time record of quarterly revenue with a solid profitability, which we used for further strengthen our balance sheet. We believe the medium and long term growth drivers for the semiconductor industry remain intact, and Amkor is well positioned for continued growth.
And last but not least, I would like to thank the whole Amkor team for again delivering a great quarter and for their resilience and diligence in overcoming the many challenges we face as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. And thank you very much for joining the call today.
Operator
[Operator Closing Remarks]
Duration: 41 minutes
Call participants:
Vincent Keenan -- Vice President of Investor Relations
Giel Rutten -- President & Chief Executive Officer
Megan Faust -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Randy Abrams -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst
Sidney Ho -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Krish Sankar -- Cowen & Company -- Analyst
Atif Malik -- Citi -- Analyst
Ana Goshko -- Bank of America -- Analyst
