3M (MMM) Q4 2020 Earnings Call Transcript

3M (MMM -0.66%)
Q4 2020 Earnings Call
Jan 26, 2021, 9:00 a.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Ladies gentlemen, thank you for standing by. Welcome to the 3M fourth-quarter earnings conference call. [Operator instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded, Tuesday, January 26, 2021. I would now like to turn the call over to Bruce Jermeland, vice president of investor relations at 3M.

Bruce Jermeland -- Vice President of Investor Relations

Thank you and good morning, everyone, and welcome to our fourth-quarter earnings conference call. Let me begin today by expressing our sincere hope that you and your families continue to be safe and are doing well. With me today are Mike Roman, 3M's chairman and chief executive officer; and Monish Patolawala, our chief financial officer. Mike and Monish will make some formal comments, and then we'll open it up for your questions.

Please note that today's earnings release and slide presentation accompanying this call are posted on our investor relations website at 3m.com under the heading Quarterly Earnings. Please turn to Slide 2. Before we begin, I would like to introduce the dates for our 2021 quarterly earnings conference calls, which will be held on April 27, July 27 and October 26. Please take a moment to read the forward-looking statement on Slide 3.

During today's conference call, we'll make certain predictive statements that reflect our current views about 3M's future performance and financial results. These statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations of future events that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Item 1A of our most recent Form 10-K lists some of the most important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from our predictions. Finally, throughout today's presentation, we'll be making references to certain non-GAAP financial measures.

Reconciliations of the non-GAAP measures can be found in the attachments to today's press release. Please note, we have provided segment and total company adjusted EBITDA reconciliations for reference in today's press release attachments as part of our non-GAAP measures. Please turn to Slide 4, and I'll hand it off to Mike. Mike?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Bruce. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us. The 3M team finished the year strong as we continue to execute well, innovate for our customers and fight the pandemic from every angle. In an uncertain economic environment, we delivered organic growth in all business groups and geographic areas, along with margin expansion, a double-digit increase in earnings and strong cash flow during the fourth quarter.

Throughout 2020, I am proud of how 3M stepped up to help meet the extraordinary challenges facing the world, which includes our comprehensive response to COVID-19. Last year, we also took actions to transform for the future, advance our core values and strengthen our balance sheet through robust cash generation. At the same time, we know that more work remains to deliver for our customers, shareholders and all stakeholders. Moving forward, we will build on our progress and continue to prioritize investments in growth, productivity and sustainability.

3M is well positioned as we head into 2021. And today, we are providing guidance for the year where we expect a return to healthy growth. Overall, I'm confident in our ability to deliver a successful 2021, lead through the economic recovery and capitalize on opportunities from emerging trends that are favorable to 3M and our market-leading businesses. Please turn to Slide 5.

Companywide, total sales in the fourth quarter increased to $8.6 billion, with organic growth of 6% and earnings of $2.38 per share, up 22% year on year on an adjusted basis. Demand remains strong in end markets such as personal safety, home cleaning and semiconductors, and we saw sequential improvement in general industrial and automotive OEM. We also saw ongoing weakness in other end markets, including healthcare and oral care elective procedures, which declined sequentially as they continued to be impacted by COVID-19. Geographically, organic growth was led by the Americas, up 8%, with the United States up 9%.

EMEA grew 6% and Asia Pacific grew 2%, with China up 14%. Our team delivered another quarter of good operational performance. We expanded our adjusted EBITDA margins to over 27% with all business groups above 26% and increased our adjusted cash flow to $2.1 billion. That wraps up my opening comments.

I will come back to discuss our full-year performance along with my perspective on 2021 after Monish takes you through the details of the quarter. Monish?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Mike, and I wish you all a very good morning. Please turn to Slide 6. Companywide, fourth-quarter sales were $8.6 billion, up 5.8% year on year. This result was better than we had anticipated.

Our personal safety team continued to execute well in expanding respirator production to support pandemic-related demand. We also saw continued end-market strength through year-end in automotive OEM, electronics and home improvement. Strong operating rigor and disciplined cost management drove robust adjusted operating income of $1.8 billion, up 20%, with adjusted operating margins of 21.5%, up 250 basis points year on year. On the right-hand side of this slide, you can see the components that impacted margins.

Organic volume growth, along with our ongoing cost management and productivity efforts, were the biggest contributor to our margin improvement, adding 160 basis points. Included in this 160-basis-point benefit were two items that I had called out during a conference in early December: First, we exited a product line within our closure, masking and packaging business and sold the related property in Q4. This resulted in a pre-tax gain of $54 million or 60 basis points margin benefit. Please note that this gain is included in safety and industrial's Q4 operating income.

And second, we had increased our respirator mask reserve by $107 million in Q4, which resulted in a 90-basis-point headwind to margins year on year. For the full year, we increased our respirator mask reserve by roughly $130 million, which is a little higher than the $100 million average over the last few years. This increase in our reserve is reflected in corporate and unallocated. As you may have noticed, adjusting for last year's significant litigation charge, our fourth-quarter corporate and unallocated expense was up approximately $100 million year on year.

This increase was primarily driven by our update to our respirator mask reserve, along with impacts from ongoing legal costs as we continue to manage PFAS and other legal proceedings. Turning to selling prices and raw materials, which was an 80-basis-point year-on-year benefit to margins. This benefit was driven by the combination of higher selling prices and lower raw material cost versus last year's fourth quarter. Note, approximately half of our fourth-quarter selling price performance was benefited by lower year-on-year volume-related customer rebates and markets that were most impacted by the pandemic.

Acquisition and divestitures contributed 10 basis points year on year. Foreign currency net of hedging impacts decreased margins by 10 basis points. And lastly, while the fourth-quarter pre-tax restructuring charge of $137 million was similar to last year's charge, restructuring provided a 10-basis-point benefit to margins year on year due to this year's higher sales. Let's now turn to Slide 7 for a closer look at earnings per share.

Fourth-quarter earnings were $2.38 per share, up 22% from last year on an adjusted basis. First, as discussed on the prior slide, organic growth and ongoing cost management and productivity efforts delivered $0.43 per share to earnings growth. This included a $0.09 benefit from the gain on sale of property and a $0.10 headwind from the increased respirator mask reserve. Acquisitions and divestitures reduced earnings by $0.02, and foreign exchange impacts added $0.02 to per-share earnings year on year.

The strength of the 3M business model, strong cash flow and liquidity position gave us the opportunity in Q4 to retire $1 billion of debt early that was due to mature in 2021. As a result, we incurred higher net interest in the quarter, which, combined with higher shares outstanding, reduced earnings by $0.03. Finally, a lower tax rate versus last year provided a $0.03 benefit to earnings per share. The lower tax rate was primarily a function of the mix of pre-tax income around the world.

Please turn to Slide 8 for a discussion of our cash flow and balance sheet. We delivered another quarter of robust free cash flow with fourth-quarter adjusted free cash flow of $2.1 billion, up 16% year over year, with conversion of 151%. Cash flows in the quarter were primarily driven by robust income and daily management of working capital. For the full year, we generated adjusted free cash flow of $6.7 billion, up 18%.

Fourth-quarter capital expenditures were $422 million and were $1.5 billion for the year. During the quarter, we returned $848 million to our shareholders via dividends and $3.4 billion for the year. Share repurchases remain suspended throughout the quarter given the continued global economic uncertainty. Our strong fourth-quarter cash flow generation and disciplined capital allocation enabled us to continue to strengthen our capital structure.

We ended the quarter with $5.1 billion in cash and marketable securities on hand and reduced net debt by $1.3 billion or 9% sequentially. For the year, we improved our net debt position by $4.1 billion or 23%. As a result, we exited the year with net debt to EBITDA of 1.5, down from 2.3 at the end of 2019. This significant improvement in our net debt position, along with our strong cash flow generation capability, provides us increased financial flexibility to invest in our business, pursue strategic opportunities and return cash to shareholders while maintaining a strong capital structure.

Please turn to Slide 9, where I will summarize the business group performance for Q4. I will start with our safety and industrial business, which posted organic growth of 11.4% year on year in the fourth quarter. This result includes an approximate 10 percentage point benefit from pandemic-related respirator mask demand. Overall, general industrial manufacturing activity continued to improve during Q4.

However, customers and channel partners continue to remain cautious given ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty. Personal safety posted double-digit organic growth year on year, driven by continued demand for respirators. Industrial adhesives and tapes grew mid-single digits, while the electrical markets business was up low single digits. The strong growth in the residential housing market continue to drive good performance in our roofing granules business, which was up double digits organically versus Q4 of last year.

The rest of the safety and industrial portfolio, namely automotive aftermarket, abrasives and closure and masking, declined year on year. Safety and industrial's fourth-quarter segment operating margins were 27.7%, up 690 basis points, driven by strong leverage on sales growth and continued productivity and spending discipline, along with the previously mentioned gain on sale of real estate. Moving to transportation and electronics. After a challenging last two years, fourth-quarter organic sales growth turned positive, up 1.4% as compared to last year.

Our electronics-related business was up 2% with continued strong growth in semiconductor, factory automation and data centers, which was partially offset by year-on-year softness in consumer electronics. Our auto OEM business was up 18% year on year compared to the 3% increase in global car and light truck builds. For the full year, our automotive business outperformed global builds by approximately 700 basis points. Advanced materials and transportation safety returned to growth year on year, driven by improving end market trends in automotive and highway infrastructure.

Commercial solutions continued to be down year on year due to negative pandemic-related impacts on advertising spend and demand for workplace cleaning and safety products and solutions. Transportation and electronics' fourth-quarter operating margins were 21.8%, up 100 basis points on positive sales growth and continued cost discipline. Turning to healthcare. Some parts of the world were challenged with rising COVID-19 cases throughout Q4.

As a result, those healthcare providers experienced sequential declines in the elective procedure volumes, which negatively impacted parts of our business. At the same time, we continue to experience strong pandemic-related demand for respirators to protect frontline healthcare workers, which more than offset the headwinds from the decline in elective procedure volumes. As a result, our healthcare business delivered fourth-quarter organic sales growth of 6.6% versus last year. The medical solutions business grew low double digits driven by continued strong respirator demand.

Excluding respirators, organic growth in this business was flat. Our oral care business organic sales were flat year over year as it dealt with rising COVID cases. The separation and purification business increased low double digits year on year. This business continues to experience solid demand for biopharma filtration solutions in support of the pharmaceutical industry's research and manufacturing efforts to develop vaccines and therapeutic treatments for COVID.

Turning to health information systems, which declined mid-single digits organically, as hospitals continued to remain cautious relative to the information technology investments. And finally, food safety was up low single digits organically versus last year. Health care's fourth-quarter operating margins were 24.7%, up 340 basis points year on year, with adjusted EBITDA margins of 31.7%. Fourth-quarter margins were driven by continued strong execution and cost management, which was partially offset by the higher year-on-year restructuring costs.

Lastly, fourth-quarter organic growth for our consumer business was up 10% as retailers saw continued strong customer demand throughout the holiday season. Growth in this business continues to be driven by strong consumer demand for our category-leading brands, namely: Filtrete, Scotch, ScotchBlue, Scotch-Brite, Command and Meguiar's. We also continue to see very strong growth in e-commerce channels as the pandemic has accelerated years' worth of changes in consumer shopping behavior. Organic sales growth within consumer continued to be led by our home improvement and home care businesses, each up double digits organically.

Stationery and office declined low single digits as many business offices and schools remain partially or fully closed due to the ongoing impact of the pandemic. Consumer's operating margins were 23.5% or similar to last year. As we have previously mentioned, we have been stepping up investments in advertising and merchandising and new product innovation to address changing consumer demand trends. Lastly, similar to healthcare, operating margins were impacted by higher year-on-year restructuring costs.

That wraps up the review of fourth-quarter results. Please turn to Slide 10, and I will hand it back over to Mike. Mike?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Monish. Looking at our 2020 performance, we posted an organic sales decline of 2% and adjusted earnings of $8.74 per share. We increased adjusted free cash flow by 18% to $6.7 billion with a conversion rate of 132%, which demonstrates the strength of our business model and our continued ability to perform across economic cycles. Additionally, we posted a good return on invested capital of 18% and expanded our adjusted EBITDA margins to over 27%, up 100 basis points year on year.

Our strong cash flow, along with disciplined capital allocation, helped us reduce net debt by over $4 billion in the year. During the year, we strengthened our healthcare portfolio with the successful integration of Acelity and the completion of the divestiture of drug delivery. We returned $3.8 billion to our shareholders through cash dividends and share repurchases, and last year marked our 62nd consecutive year of dividend increases. Beyond financial results, 2020 was a year where 3M stepped up when we were needed the most.

Please turn to Slide 11. Throughout the pandemic, 3Mers have been relentless in applying science to improve lives and make the world a better place. Our COVID-19 response has been guided by three priorities: Protecting our employees, fighting the pandemic from every angle and delivering for our customers and shareholders. Beginning last January, we immediately activated our surge capacity and doubled our production of respirators to help protect nurses, doctors and first responders.

We have since worked tirelessly to bring on more capacity, which includes additional investments from 3M and partnerships with governments at all levels. In total, last year, we produced and delivered 2 billion respirators globally, with approximately half in the United States. Today, we are at an annual run rate of 2.5 billion respirators, a fourfold increase versus 2019. At the same time, we have worked closely with governments, law enforcement and retailers to fight fraud.

To date, we have helped identify more than 8 million counterfeit respirators, protecting healthcare workers from bad actors. Beyond providing respirators and other important personal protective equipment, we have helped the world recover in other ways. For example, our biopharma filtration solutions have enabled the development and manufacture of critical vaccines and therapeutics. We also took significant actions throughout the year to position ourselves for long-term growth and value creation.

We continue to strengthen our innovation, which remains at the center of our 3M model. And last year, we invested $3.4 billion in the combination of research and development and capex. Our team also found ways to innovate differently and faster in response to the pandemic and to serve growing market trends. We formed partnerships with other companies to expand respirator production.

We introduced new daily face coverings. And we quickly adapted our cleaning product lines to serve new customers. We created new products to improve indoor air quality, biopharma filtration and automotive electrification, just a few of our priority growth platforms. We rolled out cutting-edge solutions to improve the performance of electric car batteries, one element of our work to enable more sustainable vehicle designs.

For the full year, our priority growth platforms grew 7%, outperforming the markets they serve. We also continue to see benefits from the global operating model we implemented last January. Our model enabled us to respond to the pandemic with agility and resilience, from our significant expansion of PPE production to our ability to maintain business continuity, serve our customers and ensure the integrity of our supply chain. Our enterprise operations team is applying learnings from our expansion of respirator production into other areas of 3M.

For example, we are deploying new technology and using our analytic platforms to double our Filtrete capacity. We also took steps to optimize our model and further streamline our organization, initiating a restructuring in December that will reduce annual operating costs by 250 to $300 million. In summary, as I look across 2020, I am proud of our accomplishments and our people, from the 50,000 3Mers in our factories to our colleagues who volunteered to relocate and help scale up new respirator lines, to the retirees who came back to staff our hotline, answering calls from home. People across 3M have stepped up to make a difference, and I thank our entire team for their incredible contributions in 2020.

Please turn to Slide 12. We expect to deliver a strong performance in 2021 with organic growth of 3 to 6%, improved earnings, margin expansion and strong cash flow. And Monish will take you through the details shortly. We have aggressively prioritized investments throughout the pandemic, and we will accelerate our efforts in 2021 with ongoing focus on growth, productivity and sustainability.

We will increase investments in areas with strong growth opportunities such as personal safety, home improvement and healthcare with continued emphasis on our priority growth platforms. The rapid movement to an even more digital-first world also opens additional opportunities for 3M. We are pioneering innovations that improve performance of data centers and semiconductor manufacturing, which will be more relevant moving forward. We will also do more to leverage e-commerce, along with digital technologies to better serve our customers.

Ultimately, we have big opportunities to unleash 3M Science and drive sustainable long-term growth, and we will ensure that our teams have the resources to capitalize. We continue to advance the digitization of 3M while also accelerating our use of data and analytics in everything we do. Further strengthening our supply chain is a priority in 2021 with a focus on highly sustainable, disruptive and safe manufacturing technology, which will help us deliver on our promises to customers and shareholders. To that end, I want to close by talking about the commitments we will keep in 2021 and beyond: Leading our industry in science, society and sustainability.

3M Science drives our business forward. We leverage and combine our technologies in unique ways across the company, creating new products and new lines of business, and we are positioned to do even more to deliver differentiated value for our customers into the future. In a similar way, 3M is partnering with our communities to improve society. In 2020, we took steps to advance our core values, including diversity, equity and inclusion.

And in the coming year, we will hold ourselves accountable to new goals to support underrepresented groups at 3M, building on our recent progress. We will also be releasing a new global diversity, equity and inclusion report with details on our metrics. We remain committed to sustainability, which includes using science to proactively manage PFAS and to enable success in our ongoing work with communities and governments to advance our environmental stewardship. We will continue to increase investments to make our factories more sustainable, including $100 million in investments this year, which is included in our 2021 capex guidance, to further reduce water usage and improve water quality around our manufacturing sites.

To help address questions you have been asking, I would also like to touch on our strong history of working with governments and leveraging science to solve big challenges around the world. We have had productive conversations with President Biden's transition team and now the administration about their COVID-19 response, and we have open lines of communication. We will continue to do all we can to get respirators and other personal protective equipment to frontline workers and help America and the world beat the pandemic. On environmental stewardship, we share a common goal with governments of improving water quality and doing so in a way that is based on sound science, established regulatory processes and collaboration with a broad range of stakeholders.

We look forward to working with President Biden's administration and congressional leaders to pursue these shared goals, including through the remediation of PFAS, where appropriate. And we aim to build on the successful public-private partnerships that 3M has led globally throughout our history as a company. To wrap up, we are confident about what's ahead in 2021 and in our ability to create more value from the 3M model and build an even more competitive and sustainable enterprise. I will now turn the call over to Monish to cover the details of our guidance.

Monish?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Mike. Please turn to Slide 13. As Mike mentioned, we are initiating full-year 2021 guidance as end-market visibility has continued to improve despite ongoing macroeconomic uncertainty. As a result, we will no longer be reporting monthly sales updates as we had in 2020.

Looking at sales. We are forecasting total sales growth of 5 to 8%, with organic growth in the range of 3 to 6%. Earnings per share is projected to be between $9.20 and $9.70 or up 5 to 11% on an adjusted basis. The primary contributors to earnings growth in 2021 include: organic sales growth, productivity as we continue to increase our focus on operating rigor through daily management and leveraging the use of data and data analytics and our ongoing efforts to advance and streamline our global operating model.

And lastly, we anticipate benefits from foreign currency due to the weaker U.S. dollar. Partially offsetting these benefits are anticipated year-on-year headwinds from the Q4 2020 gain on sale of real estate, an expected increase in areas such as travel, variable incentive compensation and advertising and merchandising investments. Turning to cash.

We expect another year of robust cash flow, with free cash flow conversion in the range of 95 to 105%. From a capital allocation perspective, our first priority remains investing organically in our business, including R&D and capex. As we have noted, we are increasing investments in growth, productivity and sustainability in 2021. As a result, capex for the year is expected to be in the range of $1.8 billion to $2 billion.

Returning cash to shareholders remains a high priority for 3M, including both dividends, along with a disciplined approach to share repurchases, which we plan to restart in 2021. Please see the appendix in today's slide presentation for additional details regarding our 2021 full-year guidance. Please turn to Slide 14. Here, you see a breakdown of our expectations for organic growth by business group, along with some of the key macroeconomic and market indicators we incorporated into our planning.

Overall, the pace and success of the COVID-19 vaccine deployment and adoption will be critical for the global economy. The two broadest macroeconomic indicators, global GDP and IPI, are both expected to grow mid-single digits. The overall electronics market is expected to be up mid-single digits. In addition, global car and light truck builds are expected to grow 14% versus 2020.

Also, while healthcare and oral care elective procedure volumes have improved off the Q2 lows of 2020, they are currently not expected to return to pre-COVID levels until the later part of 2021. We are also monitoring the ability and pace for people to return to the workplace and students to return to school. And finally, consumer spending, particularly retail sales and home improvement demand and e-commerce also are factors in our planning. Taking these factors into account, we expect the following organic growth expectations for our business groups in 2021.

Starting with safety and industrial, where we anticipate organic local currency growth to be up mid-single digits. Transportation and electronics is expected to be up low to high single digits. This wider range contemplates the potential for end-market variability, particularly in automotive and electronics. And finally, both our healthcare and consumer businesses are projected to grow in the low to mid-single digits this year.

In 2021, we will prioritize capital to our greatest market opportunities, deliver for our customers, drive commercial intensity, improve operating rigor, enhance daily management, leverage data and data analytics and continue to streamline our organization. As a result, we expect solid revenue growth, improved margins and earnings, robust free cash flow and a continued strong capital structure and financial flexibility. To wrap up, in the spirit of continuous improvement, there's always more we can do and will do. I would like to thank all 3Mers for the hard work and the progress that we have made in an unprecedented year.

With that, I thank you for your attention, and we will now take your questions.

Questions & Answers:

Operator

[Operator instructions] Our first question comes from the line of Deane Dray from RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

Deane Dray -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Thank you. Good morning everyone. It's nice to see you guys back in the guidance business, but I have to admit, I'm going to miss those monthly sales updates. First question for Monish.

Can you comment on how the company has been benefiting from lower temporary costs, no travel or less travel, trade shows and so forth, and for 2021, what assumptions are you making about -- how do these temporary costs start to get feathered back in?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. So I would just say, Deane, thanks for the question. And as you know, we've done a great job as a team trying to keep our costs under control. You can see that in Q3 results, you can see that in Q4.

How it'll bounce back will actually all depend on where we see the recovery of the pandemic and how the vaccine plays itself out. Currently, as you can see from the guidance that we have given you, there is headwind that we are planning on the bounce-back of $0.35 to $0.45 that was put in there. And there are two or three things in there, Deane. One is, as you think about the property sales that are year over year that are non-repeat.

Secondly, all these indirect costs, travel is a big piece of that that comes back. And the third one is the variable compensation that gets reset for 2021. And from a 4Q to 1Q also, there would be a reset and an increase in cost. So those are the factors we are looking at.

And I would just say, from a quarter perspective, it's all going to depend on our -- how revenue comes across, how growth happens, how the economy recovers. The other piece, just to keep in mind, as Mike mentioned, our plan is to invest more in opportunities on growth, productivity and sustainability. And that also will have an impact on each quarter, depending on how the economy recovers.

Deane Dray -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

That's helpful. And then, as a follow-up and just broadly -- I really appreciate all the work that 3M has done with regard to ramping up the respirator mask capacity and how you've responded. That's been terrific. Just want to express my appreciation.

Can you comment on -- and any updates on the MIT collaboration and the rapid test system that you have in development?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Sure, Deane. Thanks for that question. Our team has been working with MIT researchers, as we've talked about, really focused on developing a low-cost rapid detection capability for COVID-19.

And over the past nine months, we've made some very significant technical advances in the design. And we're bringing our expertise in manufacturing and scaling up, working with MIT with their capabilities and technology around the assay, the measurement development. And we've been focused on some of the challenges that are inherent in this kind of development, which is the stability of the tests and the robustness of the device and improving sensibility -- sensitivity in the detection. And we're in the middle of the development phase.

We're working to address those challenges. We've made very good progress. We'll continue to update as we go along. And we're continuing to be very, very encouraged by the partnership with MIT.

Deane Dray -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

What would be the optimistic view on a roll out?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Well, we're in development. We've got to resolve some of the requirements that are here around sensitivity and stability of the device. So we're in the middle of that. As soon as we get further along, I would say, in the development phase, we'll give you a better view of timelines.

Deane Dray -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Appreciate it. Best of luck to everyone.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Deane.

Operator

Thank you. our next question comes from the line of Scott Davis from Melius Research. Please proceed with your question.

Scott Davis -- Melius Research -- Analyst

Good morning, guys.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Scott.

Scott Davis -- Melius Research -- Analyst

Wanted just to dig in on the T&E guide a little bit. I mean it's going to drive a truck through that low to high range. And when I look at it at least and based on what we've seen this quarter, it seems like the bias could be a little bit more to the higher side of that. Is there something that concerns you, perhaps maybe emerging market recovery or something like that that concerns you that makes you a little bit more conservative on that specific segment?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Well, Scott, I'll start with something Monish said. It's great to see this business turn positive in Q4. It's a very good business that faces into markets that have very innovative customers and segments, and it's a good opportunity for us to continue to grow and leverage our innovation. As we look into 2021, we see some positive outlooks.

We saw and highlighted some of the strength in semiconductor and automotive build rates turning positive in Q4. That's expected to continue to get better in 2021. I would say there's -- we started where there's some uncertainty on how that's going to play out as we start the year. COVID is still the driving factor here, what is the visibility through that.

I think we get better clarity on the plans of our customers and how they're thinking about it. There's still that uncertainty around the pandemic and how that plays out even in those areas. You see some of that in outlook of maybe some softness in consumer electronics as we start the year. We also -- as a reminder, in this business, we have exposure to oil and gas and highway infrastructure and commercial solutions, which really depends on people in the office -- working in the office and in commercial setting.

So there's a balance across those businesses with the view of the uncertainty in the -- how the pandemic is going to play out. And we'll get better clarity as we go through the year.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

I would just add, Scott -- to everything Mike said, I would just add the supply chain stability in the electronics and the auto OEM market, also something that we are watching. So as that plays out and that gets more stable, I think it could give us more stability and certainty on how we're going to deliver against it.

Scott Davis -- Melius Research -- Analyst

OK. And then, just a quick follow-up. I mean are there any tangible PFAS milestones in 2021 that you guys can remind us of?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Well, Scott, we continue to --

Scott Davis -- Melius Research -- Analyst

Anything at all where we can get some more color?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. I would say for us, we continue to focus on proactively managing PFAS. And that -- we've got three principles, and one of those is providing transparency to you and our investors. And right now, there had been scheduled -- some initial bellwether case in Michigan, that's been postponed.

It's still to be determined when that will be scheduled. So we'll update as we go. We do continue to keep our 3m.com site updated with all recent PFAS information. And we'll continue to update on whether it's litigation, our work or our work in support of regulatory standards.

Any of those categories, we'll update there, and we'll update on these calls as well.

Scott Davis -- Melius Research -- Analyst

OK. Thank you. Good luck, guys.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Scott.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Joe Ritchie from Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question.

Joe Ritchie -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Thanks. Good morning, everybody.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Joe.

Joe Ritchie -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Maybe my first question, just trying to understand -- obviously, great ending to the year from an organic growth standpoint. I'm trying to understand, I guess, like what's embedded from a cadence perspective as we progress through 2021. And then secondly, yeah, there was some pandemic-related benefits that you received in 2020. I'm just wondering what your base case expectation is for 2021.

Is it a headwind? Is it neutral? Just trying to understand that better.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

So I'll try again, Joe. I think you're asking what's our cadence on how we're going to look at 2021. So we're going to be as helpful as we can. As you know, Joe, we have initiated annual guidance.

And based on where we see some of the end markets that I mentioned about in my prepared remarks, based on that, we'll see where -- how those end markets play out. That will determine how our quarterly things play out. Our guidance is, right now, organic, 3 to 6% with 5 to 8% growth in total, including FX. One of the things that we have seen over the pandemic, Joe, is our normal trends that historically would see, don't seem to play itself out.

So for example, in December, the company usually sees deceleration. We didn't see the deceleration. Similarly, on a month-to-month trend, sometimes, what you see in variability in the months was higher due to COVID. And so, therefore, my personal belief is I think you're going to see more variability throughout the year, depending on how different parts of the world play itself out.

We are also aggressively prioritizing our investments throughout on all the three items Mike mentioned: growth, productivity and sustainability. Again, that will have an impact based on how revenue plays itself out. We would love to go heavy and invest early so that we can capture the growth that's coming. But we'll have to see how the world recovers.

So we'll have to just walk through that. And then just another piece for you to keep in mind as you're thinking about the quarters is, from a restructuring charge perspective, we had announced a charge in the fourth quarter. You're going to see the balance of that charge somewhere between 110 to $160 million in the second half of this year, and we'll tighten that as we go through the quarter. So our goal is to be as helpful as we can throughout and through the various interactions we have with all of you, is to tell you what's going on in the world.

But that's the way we see it right now. So hopefully, I answered your question, Joe.

Joe Ritchie -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Yeah, Monish. That's helpful. And maybe just my follow-on question since you mentioned the restructuring. You did announce the, call it, 75 to $100 million in benefits that were going to impact 2021.

I guess, how do we think about that in the context of some of the temporary cost actions that are reversing, fully recognizing that the investments that you've just laid out are likely going to be dependent on how the volumes shake out?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. It's a great one, Joe, and the same thing we keep thinking about all the time of how do we do it. So we have tried on our -- on one of the presentation pages, there's a guide out there, where we show you headwinds is $0.35 to $0.45. And the benefit from restructuring is anywhere between $0.20 to $0.30.

If you think of the headwinds, as I mentioned before, there's property sales that don't repeat. Some of the indirect costs, that will snap back. Example, travel and variable compensation is in that range of 35 to 45%. And then, on the restructuring side, the $0.20 to $0.30, I would ask you to think about two pieces: One is for all the other actions that the company had taken other than the fourth quarter, there's a carryover benefit of, give or take, $100 million.

And then, the benefits of the restructuring that we announced in the fourth quarter is another $75 million of benefit -- 75 to 100. And then, of course, it's offset by the charge that we're going to take of 110 to 160. So that's where we have called out the restructuring benefits in the guide of $0.20 to $0.30.

Joe Ritchie -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Perfect. Thanks so much.

Operator

Thank you. our next question comes from the line of Julian Mitchell from Barclays. Please proceed with your question.

Julian Mitchell -- Barclays -- Analyst

Hi. Good morning.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Hi, Julian.

Julian Mitchell -- Barclays -- Analyst

Maybe just a first question on just the firmwide adjusted sort of operating margin expansion for '21 that's dialed in. So I see all those moving parts on Slide 21, which is very helpful. So maybe thinking about it just differently from a sort of P&L standpoint, I think your adjusted EBIT margin in 2020 was around sort of between 21 and 21.5 maybe, if you could just confirm that. And then, off that base, what level of margin expansion are you dialing in for 3M in 2021 at the midpoint of the guidance, let's say?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure, Julian. I would say a couple of things. So first, just to answer your question to give you the 20 to 21.5, that's correct. So it's -- 21.3 is the perfect number.

If you think about 2021 and how we look at margin, I'll just elevate first to say our general view over the long term is growth at or above macro, sustainable margin improvement, strong cash that ultimately helps us have a very strong capital structure. So keeping that in mind, we would say that's basically how we are thinking about long term. Things to factor in from a margin guide perspective. As Mike mentioned, we are going to invest properly in growth, productivity and sustainability.

So that's going to have one factor. The second factor is going to be the amount of productivity that we are generating. We've got a lot of proprietary technologies that we are rolling out in supply chain. Mike mentioned that the stability of our supply chain is one of our priorities for 2021.

We're going to continue that path. So you should see benefit from the productivity actions that the supply chain team is driving. The third piece is making sure that we have factored in correctly the snapback of 2020 costs. We have shown you that as $0.35 to $0.45 of headwind, again, on the three items that I mentioned before.

And I would say the last one to think about this is thinking about what revenue is going to be and what growth looks like quarter-to-quarter. And that's going to also have a pretty big impact on where we end up from a margin perspective. So those are all the factors that we are putting in here as we think about. But long-term growth, at or above macro sustainable margin improvements and then strong cash.

Julian Mitchell -- Barclays -- Analyst

I see. So Monish, is around the sort of plus 30, 40 basis point margin expansion, is that the rough ballpark then putting in all of those different pieces?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

So I go back again -- Julian, I would say, it all depends on where revenue ends up being and where -- how much we invest. So it all depends on how fast the world recovers.

Julian Mitchell -- Barclays -- Analyst

Fair enough. And then, just a second topic quickly. You'd alluded in the prepared remarks to the buyback perhaps resuming. Clearly, the balance sheet is starting to look under-levered and very good free cash flow last year.

You're not dialing in much in the way of share count reduction on that Slide 21. So maybe help us understand what scale of buybacks you might be contemplating for the year.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure. The way we look at it, Julian, is our first step in all of this is to make sure that we are investing organically, R&D and capex. You're seeing us increase our capital expenditure to 1.8 to 2 billion because we see some growth opportunities, some productivity opportunities, as well as sustainability. Our second priority is dividends and making sure that our shareholders think that's important.

We acknowledge that. Our third priority is M&A, and then our last priority is share buyback. So as I said in my prepared remarks, at 3M, we understand returning cash to shareholders is important. So we have both.

We're going to do a dividend, as well as we have always supported a reasonable amount of share buyback, and that's our current plan. How much and how that plays out from a timing perspective is -- again, goes back to where we see where the economic recovery is going to look like. And then, based on that, we'll work it with the board, and we'll keep you all posted as we announce it.

Julian Mitchell -- Barclays -- Analyst

Great. Thank you.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Nigel Coe with Wolfe Research. Please proceed with your question.

Nigel Coe -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

Thanks. Good morning.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, Nigel.

Nigel Coe -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

Hi. Just wanted to just go back to the increased investment comments. So just going to your 2021 EPS bridge, the $0.47 of organic growth, I think that kind of breached capex down to like sub-30% incremental margin. So it feels like there's investment spending gains there.

Just want to confirm that. And are we thinking about R&D kind of getting back to that 5.5, 6% of sales kind of range in '21?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Is the question, Nigel, are we getting back to 5.5 to 6% of sales R&D? Is that the question?

Nigel Coe -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

That's part of it. And then, would that investment spend be against your organic growth bucket?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. So I would say -- listen, R&D right now is, I would say, is in that range, but it always goes back to the point Mike made, which is our plan is to keep investing in growth, productivity and sustainability. On the growth side, we have so many good opportunities, whether it's home care, personal safety, digital healthcare, data analytics, as well as auto OEM from an electrification perspective. We have tremendous opportunities of growth.

And depending on how we see 2021 and then 2022 and beyond play out, we won't be shy to invest in those areas. We won't be shy to invest in advertising and merchandising, too, as required in our businesses to make sure that we capture for the long-term growth. So I would say that, yes, but I would also ask us to start thinking through -- we have four great businesses. And depending on how the end markets play out in those four businesses, they're going to flex up or down.

So I don't know if I answered your question, Nigel, but that's the way I look at it from an R&D perspective.

Nigel Coe -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

Yeah, I think so. I think that was a good answer. And then, on the pricing side. Obviously, we saw a pickup in pricing, especially in EMEA.

I think EMEA is 1.5% in the quarter. You talked about reduced discounting activity because of COVID, which makes a lot of sense. I'm just wondering if you can just talk about raw pricing. So are you increasing pricing response to the raw material inflation, and maybe just a little bit of color on that would be helpful.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure. So we are seeing inflation. One of the things about 3M is we buy so many diverse products. There's not one product that's greater than 200 to 300 million that has a big impact.

But we are seeing, I would say, inflation in three areas: Area No. 1 is just raw material and feed. A couple of them we look at is polypropylene, wood pulp, ethylene are areas that we look at and say all of them are showing inflation. The second is, as you're seeing also from different industrials, is logistics cost is higher.

Whether it's air or truck, the logistics costs are higher, so we're seeing inflation there. And the third piece, even though the economies still are not that very strong from a labor shortage perspective, that's an other area where we are seeing inflation in manpower costs. So those are the three areas that we are seeing. We have a great sourcing team that's working to minimize that as much as they can.

And then also, your specific question on pricing, our aim is to have prices that will go up on a year over year to take into account the inflation that we are seeing.

Nigel Coe -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

OK. Thanks, Monish.

Operator

Thank you. our next line comes from the line of Andrew Obin from Bank of America. Please proceed with your question.

Andrew Obin -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Hi. Yeah. Good morning.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Andrew.

Andrew Obin -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Just sort of a software question. I think 3M is going through a period where there are a lot of changes happening below the surface, which are sort of less than apparent to us looking from the outside. But you have new systems, you have sort of this new structure where organization is much more globally focused. Can you just talk to us, as 2020 evolved, how did it change your planning process and how did it impact your planning process going into 2021?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Andrew, thanks for the question. We have -- even in the middle of the pandemic, we continue to make very good progress on some of what you outlined there. And part of it is the digitization of 3M, transforming our company, deploying new ERP and ecosystem around that.

That continues to move forward. We are also now operating for one year our new operating model that we launched in January of 2020. And we moved ahead in the middle of the pandemic. We benefited from it.

We saw the benefits come and our ability to respond to just the dynamics that we saw in our markets as we went through the year. So I would say we benefited from it. It validated where we are going with the 3M model. It validated the strengths of the 3M model and how we apply our innovation in our markets.

And I would say it encouraged us to continue to really press ahead. And I talked about that in my prepared remarks about the digitization, improving our operations. I see it in terms of more agility, shorter cycle times, improved response. And ultimately, it's really at the foundation of how we drive productivity, operational improvements as we go.

So that's becoming the way we take advantage of it. That's how we focus it. And so planning broadly as part of that, we're getting, I would say, better in terms of cycle times and I -- better at using the greater visibility on data and the analytics that go with it. So I'm encouraged with the progress we made, and I believe there's more to come as we go through 2021.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Andrew, I would just add, I've been here only six months. So just to tell you the changes that I've seen in the six months I've been here. There's a lot more focus on daily management. Are we winning daily? Are we not winning daily? Much more tie into what external market trends that we are seeing so we can quickly react as needed.

You can see the work the supply chain teams have done to keep our supply chain lines running despite supply chains, in general, being broken. I look at also the ability to see visibility of data. So there's data democratization, where we can see stuff that is happening much faster on a daily basis. So it's all about driving the operating rigor, getting the daily management, quickly going into root cause and then finding sustainable improvements.

Here, we are using -- so I think there's much more transparency on issues that we are facing, and the team is going in wide -- eyes wide open and trying to find solutions as quickly as we can.

Andrew Obin -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

And just a follow-up question. You sort of highlighted like your procedure slowdown. But if I look at medical solutions, that was not probably driven by Acelity. I guess, on oral care, you said it's down organically, but I think reported number is still up.

Can you just talk about where is the organic growth for product lines like Acelity, Tegaderm, and how do you expect them to sort of evolve into the second half of the year?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure. So Acelity, I would say, is one of the divisions that does get impacted the highest due to hospitalization rate and elective surgeries. But overall, when you just step back and say, what has Acelity done? I would say, as the volumes came up in Q2, post Q2 lows, the business has continued to grow tremendously through those Q2 lows. The reason why Acelity is so good for 3M, I think there are a couple of things.

One is it's in a market that is ever growing right now based on where our demographics are. Secondly, it gives 3M a lot more relevance when it comes to talking to caregivers. Third is it gets us into a post-acute space and a home care space, which I think post-COVID is going to be a trend from a home care perspective. And then what 3M brings to Acelity is the synergies that it can bring.

One is its brand, its global reach and its ability to do global and high-speed manufacturing. It brings it to that. And 3M did already have an advanced wound care business. So when you put this together, it basically makes it a very good acquisition for 3M.

We have seen growth in both. We have made positive income in third and fourth quarter. And we are very encouraged with all the work that the healthcare team is doing that this business will keep growing. But of course, it will be partially dependent on how the world recovers from electives.

Andrew Obin -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

And is Tegaderm -- are the comps positive or still negative?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Andrew, I think we'll have to get back to you on that.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

We'll get back to you, Andrew, on that. I unfortunately don't have that handy. Sorry.

Andrew Obin -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

No. I appreciate it. Thank you so much.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Thanks, Andrew. Bye bye.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Steve Tusa from JP Morgan Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

Hi, guys. Good morning.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Steve.

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

I'm going to disagree with Deane for once and say I'm glad that we're not getting the monthly sales. Just it's a -- I'm in favor of less work these days given the industry trends. That's negative productivity for us. On that side, that productivity bucket for you guys, the $0.20 to $0.35 for this year, where did that end up for -- I know this is kind of a messy bridge for '20, but where did that number end up for 2020?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

You're saying the full-year '20?

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

Yes. The full-year '20 kind of productivity bucket?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

So the leverage, I think, if my memory is right, was landed up somewhere -- again, it's so messy with all the indirect snapbacks and in and out of 2020 and what we did by quarter to quarter, timing, etc. But I would just say, Steve, in general, you should just think about the leverage range for 3M in the range of 30 to 40% from an incremental volume perspective.

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

OK. That's helpful. And then, within the organic growth assumption, what are you assuming for price?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

So as I said before on the earlier question that was there, we expect prices to be positive based on all the inflation that we are seeing. And historically, when you think about what 3M has been able to do, they have been able to get price just because of the value that they add to customers. And I don't expect that to change.

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

All right. 50 to 100 bps, something in that range?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Well, historically, 3M, if my memory is right, and Bruce can correct me, has been in the range of 30 to 50 basis points, excluding electronics, which electronics, as you know, is an industry that definitely sees price decrease. But we'll have to see where inflation ends up here, and we'll do the best we can.

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

OK. And then, one last one just for maybe Mike. Dupont had some news around PFAS recently. Can you just kind of help put that in context? Is that kind of meaningless for you guys because you're on like a very different glide path with your exposures there? I don't know what kind of color you can provide as far as helping frame that kind of read across to you guys.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, Steve. And we did see their press release, and we won't comment on the agreement that they've announced. I would just reinforce what I've been saying is, we're committed to proactively manage PFAS. And the three principles are the way we think about this: sound science and how can we apply that and our 3M expertise to move ahead.

Our corporate responsibility, and we're stepping into that with where we manufactured -- historically manufactured and disposed of PFAS. And then, transparency and keeping you and our investors updated on what we are seeing and how we progress. And that's something that we'll continue to focus on as we go through the year. So that's probably where I'll leave it for now.

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

OK. All right. Thanks a lot. Appreciate it.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Steve .

Operator

Thank you. our next question comes from the line of John Walsh from Credit Suisse. Please proceed with your question.

John Walsh -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

Hi. Good morning, everyone.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hey, John.

John Walsh -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

Maybe just a different way to ask this PFAS question and also a follow-on to the capital allocation question. But I think in your response, you said the economic recovery is what's going to govern your expectations around the pace of share repurchase. I guess a follow-on question to that is, are any expectations around PFAS timing factoring into that, or is it really about the economic recovery?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

So I would say, John, we always take multiple factors into account as needed. Right now, one of the big factors is the pace of the economy. But as things evolve and things change, we'll definitely update you on our guidance

John Walsh -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

OK. And then, maybe just a question for Mike. We've seen it from several others. Obviously, you're an integrated material science company.

But could you talk about any potential pruning as you look forward and if that's a lever that 3M still has available to pull

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. And John, you're talking about portfolio when you asked the question.

John Walsh -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

Correct. Yes. Yes, not like -- obviously, your model is integrated. But are there things still around the edges or maybe even a little bit chunkier in terms of pruning that you would consider?

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Well, I would say we continue -- and even through 2020, in the middle of COVID, we continue to actively manage our portfolio. And we focus on three priorities when we think about that. One is prioritizing where we invest organically. So the 5.5 to 6% on R&D is not everywhere the same.

We are prioritizing where we're making investments. You'll see that in capital investments as well. So we use portfolio to drive that, first and foremost. That's our priority in our capital allocation.

Then we look at complementary acquisitions. And Acelity, as Monish talked earlier, that's a great example of that strategy. And we're focused on Acelity. We continue to be active in looking at M&A.

We're focused on Acelity as we come into 2021. And then we do have a, I would say, a rigorous approach to optimizing value in each of our businesses. And this includes what we might do to change the model. Or if there's a better owner or more value to be created, we would -- this would include divestitures, as we've done, as we did with our drug delivery business in 2020.

So it's an ongoing process. We continue to assess it. When we see an opportunity to increase value, we'll take action as we have.

John Walsh -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

All right. Thank you very much.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, John.

Operator

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Andy Kaplowitz from Citigroup. Please proceed with your question.

Andy Kaplowitz -- Citi -- Analyst

Hey. Good morning, guys.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Andy.

Andy Kaplowitz -- Citi -- Analyst

Mike, you seem relatively confident in ongoing recovery. And in the past, you've said that you don't really see the recovery as a restocking. So maybe you give us some more color into where you think inventory is, both in the channel and at 3M at this point.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Andy, I would say, we're seeing what you're hearing and probably seeing more broadly, and that starts with the second half of 2020, where more -- I would say the channels across our various markets began to stabilize as we went through the second half into the end of the year. And so if you look at our four go-to-market models, they each have a little different dynamic. The safety and industrial business, our channel partners remain cautious there.

You're seeing continued demand for us in safety and personal protective equipment. We saw some improvement in our industrial adhesives and tapes business as we went through Q4. Other businesses are still seeing end-market declines. And so, we're not seeing material restocking in those safety or industrial channels globally.

Transportation and electronics, they're pretty much in balance with demand. There's some tight supply. Monish mentioned supply chain, things that we're watching, everybody is watching around semiconductor. And that is really to the strong demand in their end markets.

Health care, generally steady as the end markets have now adjusted to the changes in areas like elective procedures in the middle of COVID. Q4, we kind of saw a resurgence of COVID cases impact that but pretty steady as we come into the year. And consumer is, I would say, mixed. We see high demand in home improvement.

That continues. That's lower-than-normal levels in that channel. And we see really elevated levels still in office and retail, as you've seen the slowdown because of the work remotely kind of economy that we're in. So it's a little mixed.

In general, we're not seeing a strong restocking as we come into the year.

Andy Kaplowitz -- Citi -- Analyst

Mike, that's helpful. And then, the follow-up would be on the sort of respirator side. I might have missed this, but I think you mentioned 350 basis points of tailwind in Q4, little higher than you had guided. Are you still increasing capacity in respirators and then these other areas that you've experienced pandemic tailwinds? And then what kind of line of sight do you have as you -- if you do -- if you are increasing capacity? I mean it seems like respirator demand could last well into '22 at this point.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Andy, we did bring online in the U.S., and we talked a lot about this as we went through the year, capital that we invested in and capital that we invested in, in a public-private partnership with the DOD. And that is all online. We did realize some improved productivity on those lines. We've been working, even as we bring on new capital to drive greater throughputs and yields and rates, and we had some improvement from that.

We did, as we got through Q4, get to full capacity and full run rates. And so, that's that 2.5 billion run rate that I talked about. We're going to -- we will continue to strive to improve on that as we go through the year. We still see strong demand around the world where we will continue to do everything we can to meet that demand.

And we're at, like I said, at full capacity of the new lines. And we can -- we'll incrementally add to that as we go through the year.

Andy Kaplowitz -- Citi -- Analyst

Thanks, Mike.

Operator

Thank you. Our last question comes from the line of Nicole DeBlase from Deutsche Bank. Please proceed with your question.

Nicole DeBlase -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Yeah. Thanks for squeezing me in. Good morning, guys.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Nicole.

Nicole DeBlase -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

I just wanted to talk a little bit about the first quarter, if there's any color you guys can give. I know we've gone back to kind of the normal annual cadence. But given that things are still kind of crazy with respect to COVID, not a ton of visibility, kind of the mix between what you're seeing on the industrial side versus PPE, is there any way you can kind of frame for us either what you're seeing in January or thoughts around the organic outlook for the first quarter?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure, Nicole. It's a question that we keep asking ourselves and try to get as much visibility as we can. As you correctly stated, there's a lot of uncertainty right now in the world. As we saw end markets starting to stabilize, our visibility got better.

We started an annual guidance of 3 to 6%. And I think as the world recovers, we should be able to get there. We are confident that the innovation that we are doing should help us get to solid growth and grow at or above macro in the long run. When you think about 1Q, one of the things that we have seen over the last 6 months that I've at least been here and longer for this team is some of the historical trends have just not played themselves out.

So December didn't slow down as historically has been. With that said, I don't think January has started off very weak. But the things that we are watching are, where does hospitalization go? What happens to elective procedures, both in the hospital and the oral care space? So we're pretty cautious in that and seeing what we are seeing right now. On the industrial side, making sure that industrial activity continues.

Our customers continue to buy inventory will be the second piece that we got to watch. Third, as I've mentioned, on the auto side and on the electronics side, where both of them are starting to combine together, how does the supply chains play itself out and what the volume of auto production is going to be? And then the last one to think about is from a consumer perspective, we had an extremely strong consumer growth. You saw we grew nearly 10% with a very strong holiday season. The question is, does that strength continue in retail? When do schools reopen? Also, just a reminder, from a tactical basis, we are hitting that point where we start lapping year-over-year pandemic demand.

So 3M had nearly $100 million of disposable respirator sales last year, 1Q '20, again driven by the pandemic. So we are lapping that. And then on the income side to think through, Nicole, is what is the volume going to look like. And I mentioned, we are quite cautious on what we are seeing.

And then, just on the tactical side, what else are we going to invest? How fast are we going to invest in each of the quarters in the areas Mike mentioned? And then from a quarter-over-quarter sequential basis, as we reset variable compensation, for the first quarter, as well as as we start stepping into advertising, merchandising investments will have an impact. So hopefully, I gave you the things we are looking at, Nicole, as we are thinking about the quarter.

Nicole DeBlase -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Yeah, that's perfect. And maybe just one follow-up, the outlook for free cash flow. Can you guys just talk about what you see with respect to net working capital and the opportunity to reduce factory inventories at 3M in 2021?

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. So I would say, Nicole, improving velocity, working capital turnover, whichever terminology you want to use, is one of our priorities. There is a good opportunity there. You've seen the team has done a really nice job from Q2 highs of where the inventory was as a percent of sales or even if you look at days on hand to bring it down in Q3 and Q4.

The work that the team is doing with data, data analytics, but also putting enterprise operations or supply chain together, is an area that I would say is an opportunity for us in 2021 and beyond to keep improving inventory velocity. And we are committed to doing that, and we'll keep driving that.

Nicole DeBlase -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

All right. Thanks, Monish.

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Operator

That concludes the question-and-answer portion of our conference call. I will now turn the call back over to Mike Roman for some closing comments.

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

To wrap up, in Q4 and throughout 2020, our team executed well and continued to fight the pandemic from every angle while building for the future and advancing our values. As we look ahead, we will apply 3M Science to capitalize on global market trends and prioritize investments in growth, productivity and sustainability. We entered 2021 well positioned to generate greater value for our customers and shareholders and deliver a strong performance. Thank you for joining us.

Duration: 101 minutes

Call participants:

Bruce Jermeland -- Vice President of Investor Relations

Mike Roman -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Monish Patolawala -- Chief Financial Officer

Deane Dray -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Scott Davis -- Melius Research -- Analyst

Joe Ritchie -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Julian Mitchell -- Barclays -- Analyst

Nigel Coe -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

Andrew Obin -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Steve Tusa -- J.P. Morgan -- Analyst

John Walsh -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

Andy Kaplowitz -- Citi -- Analyst

Nicole DeBlase -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

More MMM analysis

All earnings call transcripts