AstraZeneca Plc (AZN) Q1 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

AstraZeneca Plc (AZN 1.03%)
Q1 2023 Earnings Call
Apr 27, 2023, 6:45 a.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good morning to those joining from the U.K. and the U.S. Good afternoon to those in Central Europe. And good evening to those listening in Asia.

Welcome, ladies and gentlemen, to AstraZeneca's Q1 2023 results webinar for investors and analysts. Before I hand over to AstraZeneca, I'd like to read the safe harbor statement. The company intends to utilize the safe harbor provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Participants on this call may make forward-looking statements with respect to the operations and financial performance of AstraZeneca.

Although we believe our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, by their very nature, the forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, and may be influenced by factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements made on this call reflect the knowledge and information available at the time of this call. The company undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements. Please also carefully review the forward-looking statements disclaimer in the slide deck that accompanies this presentation.

There will be an opportunity to ask questions after today's presentations. [Operator instructions] And with that, I would now hand you over to the company.

Andy Barnett -- Head of Investor Relations

Thank you, operator, and good afternoon, everyone. It's Andy Barnett here, head of investor relations at AstraZeneca. And I'm very pleased to welcome you to AstraZeneca's first quarter 2023 conference call. As usual, all materials presented are available on our website.

This slide contains our usual safe harbor statement. We will be making comments on our performance using constant exchange rates, or CER; core financial numbers; and other non-GAAP measures. A non-GAAP to GAAP reconciliation is contained within the results announcement. Numbers today are in millions of U.S.

dollars unless otherwise stated. This slide shows our agenda for today's call. Following prepared remarks, we will open the lineup for questions. We will try and address as many questions as we can during the allotted time, although I would ask that participants limit the number of questions you ask to allow others a fair chance to participate in the Q&A.

As a reminder, to ask a question, please use the raise-a-hand function in Zoom. Alternatively, you can click on the Q&A button and write your question. With that, Pascal, over to you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Andy. Hello everyone. Please advance to Slide 5. We delivered total revenue of $10.9 billion in the first quarter, which was stable compared to the prior year.

This performance is really quite remarkable when you consider that a 15% growth in revenue from our ex-COVID medicines offset the decline in revenue from our COVID-19 medicines of $1.5 billion in the quarter. Core earnings per share grew 6%. compared to the first quarter of 2022. This growth reflects both the decline in COVID-19 medicine revenues, as well as important investments we are making in our business to advance our pipeline and deliver on the full promise of our recently launched medicines.

Based on our strong fundamentals and outlook for the year, we are reiterating our 2023 guidance. Please move to the next slide. Excluding our COVID-19 medicines and in addition to our broad base of growth across these areas, we delivered strong growth across all regions. Importantly, in the emerging markets, our ex-COVID-19 medicines grew by 22%.

In China, we have now seen three successive quarters of growth as we continue to launch innovative medicines, and growth outpaces anticipated declines in some of our older medicines. This growth is a clear reflection of the value of our broad portfolio and our sustained focus on emerging markets over time. Our business is highly resilient, with pipeline momentum accelerating as a result of both internal and external innovation. Please move to Slide 7.

One illustration of this momentum is our focus on initiating 30 phase 3 trials in 2023. I'm pleased to announce we have already dosed patients in six new phase 3 trials since the start of the year. This include two trials of Dato-DXd in combination with IO medicines, reflecting our confidence in the promise of these regimens to enhance outcomes for patients with lung cancer. Given that inflammatory cells play a key role in the eosinophilic esophagitis and with TSLP being at the top of the inflammatory cascade, we've initiated the CROSSING trial for Tezspire, our anti-TSLP antibody in EoE.

SUPERNOVA is a trial of our novel antibody, AZD3152, for the prophylactic treatment of COVID-19 with potential approval in the second half of this year. Here, our aim is to protect people who don't mount an effective immune response to vaccination, which represents about 2% of the population. CAMBRIA-1 is our first trial investigating camizestrant, our next-generation oral SERD, in the adjuvant breast cancer setting, where there is significant opportunity to improve long-term outcomes. Finally, we initiated a trial of Ultomiris for the prevention of acute kidney injury associated with cardiac surgery.

This represents an area of high unmet need with currently no approved therapies. Acute kidney injury can occur in up to 20% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, but the risk increases to over 60% in patients with chronic kidney disease. The Ultomiris trial focuses on those patients with kidney ischemia, where complement plays a key role. While we plan to provide an update each quarter on our new phase 3 trial starts, we expect majority to those in the second half of this year.

Now, please turn to Slide 8, and Aradhana Sarin can take you through our financial highlights in the quarter, as well as provide some insights into how we are fully embracing artificial intelligence and machine learning across our business. Over to you, Aradhana Sarin.

Aradhana Sarin -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Pascal, and good afternoon, everyone. As usual, I will start with our reported P&L. Please turn to Slide 9. Total revenue in the first quarter was stable compared to the prior year.

Recall that Q1 of last year benefited from around $1.6 billion in COVID-19 medicine sales, which have declined as anticipated by 89% to 155 million. Excluding COVID-19 medicines, total revenue increased by 15% in the first quarter. In an effort to increase transparency, starting in Q1, we will break out recurring revenues from partnered products into separate line called Alliance revenue. This line will include royalties and profit shares from partnered medicines, such as Enhertu and ASPIRE, in geographies where our partner books product sales.

Upfront and milestone payments will continue to be reported as collaboration revenue. Hopefully, this results in improved visibility to revenue from partnered medicines. Finally, we saw some relatively large core adjustments last year as a result of the unwind of the Alexion fair value inventory uplift. However, we only had 36 million of this in the quarter, and it will be minimal in the future.

Please turn to the next slide, which depicts our core P&L. Our core gross margin in the first quarter was 83.3%, an increased a 4 percentage points compared to the prior period, which was negatively impacted by higher COVID-19 sales. Q1 2023 core gross margin also benefited from product mix and lower production costs from prior quarters. On a full year basis, we still anticipate a slight improvement in gross margins compared to pre-pandemic levels.

This is driven by lower COVID-19 revenue, higher oncology and Alexion sales, but impacted by increasing contribution from partnered medicines and higher costs relating to inflation. In the second half of the year, we expect the usual seasonal impact from flu mist, as well as incremental cost relating to the production of our new COVID-19 antibody, AZD3152. Core operating expenses increased by 9% in the quarter. However, this was partly due to lower costs in the prior-year period.

As Pascal mentioned, we started six new trials year to date. And we anticipated starting 30 during the full year, which will affect quarterly R&D cost phasing, with R&D expenses in subsequent quarters expected to be higher than in Q1. On the SG&A side, we continue to invest behind our launches, including new indications for Imfinzi and Enhertu and our respiratory portfolio. On a full year basis, we still expect core operating expenses to increase by low to mid single-digit percentage, but there will be quarter-on-quarter variability.

Other operating income of $379 million in the quarter includes a gain from the divestment of Pulmicort Flexhaler in the U.S. on top of some background level of other operating income from historical divestments. Taking these elements together, core EPS increased by 6% at constant exchange rate to $1.92 in the quarter. Earlier this month, we announced the simplification of the agreement with Sobi and Sanofi on Nirsevimab.

This will simplify our P&L and result in us recognizing $718 million of other operating income in the second quarter, following the release of the liability on our balance sheet, much of which had been expensed through our core P&L. Now, please turn to Slide 11. Our cash flow from operating activities of $3.1 billion was stable in the quarter despite the significant decline in COVID-19 revenue. We continue to work on improving cash conversion and have already made significant progress on that journey.

Net debt increased by $2.1 billion to $25.1 billion, driven by the second interim dividend payment of around $3 billion and approximately $2 billion in deal payments, including a second payment of around $900 million to assertor shareholders and roughly $800 million for the recent CinCor acquisition. For the full year, we still expect deal payments tied to prior business development transactions to be at a similar level as last year. Our current net debt-to-EBITDA ratio is 2.3 times, or 1.9 if adjusting for the Alexion fair value uplift. As Pascal stated earlier, our guidance for the full year remains unchanged.

We continue to anticipate total revenue, excluding COVID-19, to increase by low double-digit percentage. Including COVID-19 medicines, we anticipate total revenue to increase by low to mid single-digit percentage. Core EPS is anticipated to increase by high single-digit to low double-digit percentage. Based on average March FX rates, we anticipate a low single-digit adverse FX impact on both total revenue and core EPS.

Please turn to Slide 12. As a company that thrives on innovation, we are constantly evolving our ways of working and have embedded AI broadly across the organization. Over the course of this year, we plan to update you with some real-world examples each quarter on how this has helped us to improve productivity and drive innovation. This will help you to understand why we're making significant investments in this area.

First, we'll focus on R&D, where we have over 400 data scientists employed and over 100 active AI projects underway. Later, in his prepared remark, Mene will provide examples of AI and drug discovery. With that, please turn to Slide 13, and I will hand over to Dave to take you through our oncology business performance.

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Thank you, Aradhana. Slide 14, please. Oncology delivered solid performance in the first quarter with total revenues of over $4 billion, up 19% versus 2022. We saw double-digit product sales growth across the U.S., Europe, emerging markets, and established rest of world, driven by new indication launches and continued demand generation.

Now, turning to our individual medicines. Tagrisso global revenues grew by 15% in the quarter. In the U.S., we saw sustained demand in both ADAURA and FLAURA, coupled with improved duration of therapy in FLAURA. In Europe, growth of 8% was offset by pricing clawbacks in certain markets.

Tagrisso performance in China was strong, recovering as expected, following fourth quarter hospital budget management dynamics, resulting in first quarter growth of 17% in emerging markets. Lynparza, the leading PARP inhibitor globally, delivered first quarter product sales growth of 10%. The U.S. was impacted by destocking following an inventory build in the fourth quarter in anticipation of the PROpel approval.

While there are opportunities for continued demand expansion in the U.S., these growth areas are more challenging. Specifically, we continue to work on improving HRD testing rates in ovarian, as well as BRCA testing and prescribing rates in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Outside the U.S., we're encouraged by Lynparza growth in Europe of 18%, including strong launch trajectory for PROpel in Germany. Turning now to Imfinzi.

Total revenues inclusive of Imjudo grew an impressive 56%, fueled by new launches. This performance was driven by 66% growth in the U.S., with strong uptake across new indications, particularly TOPAZ-1 and HIMALAYA. And in Europe and Japan, early launch momentum from TOPAZ-1 has been encouraging. TOPAZ-1's total revenues increased 31% year on year, supported by ex-U.S.

demand growth. As expected, U.S. performance in the first quarter was impacted by destocking, following maleate tablet approval in the third quarter of last year. Looking at new starts in Trx share in the frontline CLL setting, Calquence remains the clear standard of care in the face of increasing class competition.

That said, we do see some impact on new share in both relapse refractory and frontline settings. Turning now to Enhertu. Total revenue was up 203% in the first quarter to $257 million. In the U.S., Enhertu new patient share is now approximately 50% across both second line HER2-positive and hormone receptor-positive HER2-low post-chemo metastatic breast cancer, reflecting the strength of our underlying clinical data.

Across European markets, we're seeing rapid uptake in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Finally, we achieved exciting regulatory milestones in the quarter, including first approvals in China for Calquence in mantle cell lymphoma, and in HER2, in second-line HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Now, please turn to Slide 15. In the past, we've made clear our ambition to transform patient outcomes in breast cancer, and you've seen our teams deliver toward achieving that goal.

Now, for the first time, we're laying out our ambition in lung cancer. And by the year 2030, we are aiming for at least half of all lung cancer patients to be eligible for an AstraZeneca medicine. While this is a high bar, we've built a clear roadmap to deliver on this ambition, focusing first in late-stage nonsmall cell lung cancer, we have a broad portfolio of life cycle management and novel programs, and our success depends on our ability to deliver innovative medicines in both IO-sensitive and biomarker-driven tumor settings. Tagrisso is the established standard of care in adjuvant and frontline EGFR-mutated nonsmall cell lung cancer, and we're looking to solidify its position as the backbone TKI therapy in EGFR mutated space through additional combination trials.

We are accelerating development of our next wave IO assets, leveraging experience with Imfinzi across multiple tumor types and continuing to advance our ADC portfolio within HER2 and HER2-expressing tumors, and our TROP2-targeted ADC Dato-DX. Furthermore, we have recently disclosed multiple registrational trials for both novel combination regimens and by specifics. Underpinning this roadmap is also continued and important investment behind new technologies, including screening and testing tools, as well as innovative platforms such as cell therapies. We're excited about the year ahead with important lung cancer data to support achievement of our 2030 ambition.

And with that, please move to the next slide, and I'll transition to Susan to cover key R&D highlights.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Thank you, Dave. Continuing on the theme of lung cancer, it's been an exciting quarter for early stage disease, during which we've shared details of two key datasets that further validate the importance of moving lung cancer diagnosis and treatment to earlier stages of disease where patients have the highest potential for cure. First, at AACR, we shared the updated data from the AEGEAN trial. This tested the impact of adding Imfinzi to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then continuing as adjuvant monotherapy.

We'd already reported encouraging pathologic complete response data for this trial in June last year. At AACR, we reported the planned interim analysis of event-free survival, which demonstrated that patients treated with the Imfinzi-based regimen had a 32% reduction in the risk of recurrence, progression events, or death versus chemotherapy alone. We also shared updated pathologic complete response data showing a fourfold increase with the addition of Imfinzi compared to chemotherapy alone. We look forward to discussing these data with global regulatory authorities with the goal of providing this important new treatment option to patients.

Second, last month, we shared positive high level results from the ADAURA phase 3 trial, reporting that Tagrisso showed a strong overall survival benefit compared to placebo in the adjuvant treatment of patients with EGFR-mutated nonsmall cell lung cancer. This follows the encouraging data we presented at ESMO last year with continued benefits for Tagrisso in terms of disease-free survival and immediate disease-free survival of nearly five and a half years. The overall survival data, which we are delighted have been selected for an ASCO Plenary, are the first for a phase 3 to demonstrate a survival benefit in this adjuvant setting. And they add to the extensive body of evidence generated for Tagrisso, which has now shown a statistically significant and clinically meaningful OS benefit in both the early adjuvant and late-stage metastatic settings, reinforcing its standard-of-care position across lines.

We've also had positive readouts from the DUO-O trial of Lynparza plus Imfinzi added to chemotherapy and Bevacizumab in patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer without a Brachy mutation, as well as a clinically meaningful data for Enhertu across multiple HER2-expressing tumor types from the DESTINY-PanTumor02 trial. Both these datasets will be showcased at ASCO this year. Please turn to Slide 17. In addition to AEGEAN, AACR provided an opportunity for us to share data from across our diverse industry-leading oncology portfolio, including several highlights from our early stage pipeline.

We shared the first clinical data from the armored GPC3 CAR-T therapy, CCAR-31, in patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer, as well as preclinical data for our armored STEAP2 CAR-T AZD0754 in prostate cancer models. Both these therapies have been designed using our dominant negative transforming growth factor beta receptor armoring, which aims to resist the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhance the potential effectiveness of CAR-T in solid tumors. We're encouraged by three out of six deep and durable responses at the second-dose level, and the persistence of CAR-T copies out to at least 149 days, which is substantially more than has been observed with any other GPC3 CAR-T products. We also presented preclinical data from our in-house ADC platform.

Our ADCs have been designed to maximize therapeutic index with a proprietary linker payload. The platform has a novel potent topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, which provides bystander tumor kill activity and a linker designed to provide a high degree of stability in the peripheral circulation with minimal free payload exposure. AZD9592, a bispecific ADC targeting EGFR unmet, and AZD8205 targeting B7-H4 are already in phase 1. And AZD5335 targeting folate receptor alpha will enter the clinic later this year.

Finally, we provided our first disclosure for the novel lead epigenetics molecule, AZ-PRMT5 inhibitor, which is a potent MTAP selective PRMT5 inhibitor with anti-tumor activity in MTAP-deleted tumors. Loss of the MTAP gene occurs across approximately 15% of all tumors, and this provides an opportunity to selectively target these tumors and spare healthy tissue. This program will enter phase 1 shortly. And with this, please advance to the next slide, and I'll hand over to Ruud to cover biopharmaceuticals performance.

Ruud Dobber -- Executive Vice President and President, BioPharmaceuticals

Thank you, Susan. Please turn to Slide 19. Total revenue from biopharmaceuticals was $4.5 billion in the quarter, with CVRM growing 22% and R&I growing 8%. Revenues from our COVID-19 medicines declined to $155 million due to the completion of our vaccine contracts last year and lower average shelf sales in the United States and Europe.

Farxiga continued to be the main driver in global CVRM, growing 39% to $1.3 billion, driven by multiple geographies including the U.S., Europe, Japan and the emerging markets. Although it's worth noting that Farxiga enjoyed some gross-to-net benefits in Quarter 1 that may not recur in future quarters. We also saw over 60% growth for Roxadustat in China and for Lokelma globally. Lokelma is now available in 27 markets, having achieved potassium-binding market share leadership in eight of these markets.

R&I's growth to $1.6 billion was helped by a recovery of demand for inhaled products in China as lockdown restrictions eased and also strong growth in Europe and other emerging markets. Please turn to Slide 20. Over the last two years, the downward trends in Symbicort, Pulmicort, and other older brands has been more than offset by growth from Fasenra, Tezspire, Saphenlo, and Breztri. These combined brands grew at 46% in Quarter 1, and they now make up over one third of our R&I revenue.

Biologics are a fast-growing class of medicines, and only a fifth of patients who are eligible for a biologic medicine are currently receiving one. Fasenra continues to sustain leadership in total market share in severe euthanophilic asthma. And Tezspire's launch momentum continues at a rapid pace. In Quarter 1, we saw continued growth in the U.S.

and rapid uptake elsewhere in Japan -- and rapid uptake elsewhere. In Japan, Tezspire has already captured new-to-brand brand absolute leadership just a few months after launch. Tezspire is now available in six markets, and the auto-injector was approved in the U.S. and the EU at the start of the year.

Our inhaled portfolio also contains innovative medicines that have a long life cycle ahead. Next year, Airsupra will add a fifth medicine to our newly launched brands. And in Quarter 1, Breztri grew 73%. Breztri is benefiting from increased awareness of triple therapies, which was boosted by the 2023 report for the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease.

The report advocated a shortened path to triple fixed-dose therapies in order to reduce mortality. In recent quarters, Breztri has accelerated new patient share gains in the U.S. and Europe and retained its leadership position in China with a 70% share of new-to-brand brand prescriptions. This quarter, we also announced a new production site in Qingdao, which will support Breztri's continuous growth in China, which is home to 100 million patients with COPD.

With that, I will now hand over to Mene, who will discuss the development programs that will drive future innovation of our biopharmaceuticals portfolio.

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Thank you, Ruud, and please turn to Slide 21. This slide outlines our assets across asthma and COPD. And as Ruud highlighted, we have a strong legacy in respiratory medicine. With our broad portfolio, we're committed to continued respiratory leadership.

Here, we highlight the breadth of our commercial portfolio and illustrate our focus on emerging science involving immune mechanisms, lung damage, and cell repair processes. Our on-market inhaled medicines are already considered frontline standard therapies. And we're also developing a number of novel add-on oral, inhaled, and biologic therapies for patients, whose diseases are not adequately controlled by existing medicines. Our IL-33 targeting antibody, tozarakimab, offers a differentiated mechanism of action.

The reduced form of IL-33 regulates the ST2 pathway responsible for inflammatory drive, while the oxidized form of IL-33 regulates the RAGE pathway responsible for epithelial dysfunction and mucus production. And tozarakimab inhibits both signaling pathways with the potential to reverse key pathogenic features of COPD. Tezspire, our anti-TSLP, remains the first and only biologic in asthma approved without biomarker or phenotype. TSLP is an epithelial cytokine that sits at the top of multiple inflammatory cascades and is critical in the initiation and persistence of multiple drivers of airway inflammation.

We also have several other early stage assets in our pipeline including an inhaled TSLP and inhaled JAK. We should enter phase 2 in the second half of this year based on solid proof of mechanism data. We're confident this rich pipeline will provide the right building blocks to continue to drive leadership in respiratory diseases over the long term. Please turn to the next slide.

At AAN, we presented 66 weeks data for eplontersen in ATTR polyneuropathy, building on the 35-week data presented last year at ISA. We saw a statistically significant and clinically meaningful change from baseline versus an external placebo on the co-primary endpoints of reduction of transthioretin and on the modified neuropathy impairment score plus seven, as well as the Norfolk quality-of-life questionnaire. It was really encouraging to see the continued improvement on the quality-of-life questionnaire, which is designed to capture and quantify the impact of neuropathy on the lives of patients. ATTR-PN patients have identified sensory deficits and autoimmune GI symptoms as the most difficult symptoms to manage, and thus continued and sustained improvement in the quality-of-life questionnaire is an important indication of clinical benefit for these patients.

We look forward to sharing this data with regulators globally as we seek approval for eplontersen. At ECCMID, we also provided new data on AZD3152, our COVID-19 long-acting antibody. In vitro studies demonstrated that AZD3152 neutralizes all COVID-19 variants, including Arcturus, the latest variant of concern. And we hope to make AZ3152 available as a new prophylactic treatment in the second half of this year.

Please turn to Slide 23. As Aradhana discussed earlier, artificial intelligence is embedded across our organization. And within R&D, we're using AI across all our therapy areas to discover new medicines more efficiently. Understanding the biology of disease is critical to identifying the right drug targets and pathways is one of the most important decisions we make in drug discovery.

We're applying AI and machine learning to build biomedical knowledge graphs across all our disease areas. And these visual representations depict relationships between vast data sets derived both within and external to AstraZeneca. And our scientists use these knowledge graphs to glean novel insights into disease biology, as well as new pathways and targets to prosecute. AI-enabled processes are also transforming the discovery of small and large molecule leads.

Within small molecule drug discovery, we use proprietary AI-enabled platforms to generate small molecules twice as fast as our traditional discovery processes. These algorithms use both generative models and novel scoring functions. In antibody discovery, we use AI-enabled deep screening programs to identify potential lead antibodies in as little as three days compared to traditional methods which take several months. The scale and pace with which these new AI and machine learning innovations can accelerate drug discovery is really exciting and, we look forward to providing additional examples of AI driven innovation over the balance of the year.

Please move to the next slide, and I will now hand over to Marc to cover rare diseases.

Marc Dunoyer -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Thank you, Mene. Please move to Slide 25. In the first quarter, rare disease total revenues grew 14%, contributing $1.9 billion. The strong performance in the quarter was primarily driven by patient demand, as well as some benefit from certain tender market orders.

Ultomiris grew 61% in the quarter, reflecting successful and accelerated conversion from Soliris across shared indications. In myasthenia gravis, we saw an increased number of complement naive patients treated with Ultomiris, advancing our ambition to expand Ultomiris use into a broader population, which we estimate to be two to three times larger than the addressable Soliris patient population. Consequently, Soliris declined 13% in the quarter as conversion accelerated. However, this decline was partially offset by growth in NMO and tender market order timing in certain emerging markets.

Though we are excited by this strong performance in the quarter, I want to mention a couple of key dynamics. First, as we continue to execute a conversion strategy from Soliris to Ultomiris, Ultomiris annual treatment cost is approximately one-third lower than Soliris. Furthermore, additional indication from Ultomiris require negotiation in some legislations as the eligible patient population expands. Therefore, as we move from ultra-rare, such as PNH, to rare population, such as myasthenia gravis, we anticipate increased pricing pressure.

We fully expect the patient volume growth to have set the impact of this negotiation, although they present pricing headwinds in the near term. We remain confident in our C5 franchise, conversion, and expansion strategies. And for the full year we expect Ultomiris revenue to be broadly in line with that of Soliris. Beyond the complement, Strensiq grew 28%, and Koselugo grew over two times in the first quarter, driven by strengths of patient demand and geographic expansion.

Please move to next slide. At the American Academy of Neurology conference earlier this week, we presented data across myasthenia gravis, NMO, and dermatomyositis. Notably, we presented real-world data, highlighting the clinical benefit of C5 inhibition, evaluating the change in concomitant therapies for patients receiving Soliris. In practice, HCPs initially treat patients with high-dose oral corticosteroids to manage symptoms.

And then, when symptoms are under control, they evaluate the use of additional therapies to sustain symptom control and ultimately look to minimize steroid usage. At one-year treatment with Soliris, 76% of patients reduce their high dose steroid use, further demonstrating the clinical benefit of C5 inhibition on patient outcomes. We hope to show a similar reduction in Ultomiris' registry where analysis is ongoing. We have highlighted new phase 1 data in the third-generation C5 inhibitor, gefurulimab, a novel bi-specific, heavy chain antibody.

Its low molecule weight enables subcarnious self-administration, binding to albumin to extend half-life, which allows for convenient weekly dosing. The results demonstrated gefurulimab favorable safety and tolerability profile, as well as its ability to achieve near-complete terminal complement inhibition. This data further supports ongoing direct to phase 3 prevailed trial in adult myasthenia gravis. Separately, following discussion with the regular authorities, I'm disappointed to announce the termination of our ALXN1840 Wilson disease program despite positive result from the phase 3 focus trial announced in 2021.

Data from the program will be presented at an upcoming medical congress. Please turn to next slide. In addition to our strength in C5, I also wanted to highlight or complement Factor D inhibitor. Factor D is a regulator of the alternative pathway upstream of C5.

The selective inhibition of the alternative pathway allows the other pathways to remain intact to fight infection, and this may provide a safety advantage. We believe that Factor D is the most tractable target, given its stable circulating concentration in the plasma. With three differentiated assets, our Factor D portfolio has the potential to unlock value in several indications, including PNH, myasthenia gravis, geographic atrophy, and renal indications. Our most clinically advanced is danicopan, which most recently was submitted for regulatory approval in PNH patients with clinically significant extravascular hemolysis.

We have also seen positive phase 2 from danicopan as a monotherapy in PNH, and ALXN2080, the third of Factor D, has recently to -- recently dosed in phase 1. We look forward to providing further updates on our Factor D portfolio and our broader pipeline in future quarters. Please turn to Slide 29, and I will hand the call back to Pascal for closing remarks.

Thank you, Marc. So, if we move to the next slide, please. So, for the reminder of 2023, we have a number of important trial readouts that have the potential to redefine care for patients. This include the first phase 3 trial of Dato-DXd in lung cancer.

And I'm pleased to tell you that we now expect the results from a second trial of Dato-DXd, TROPION-Breast01 in the second half of this year. Finally, we are making excellent progress toward our medium- and long-term strategy ambitions, and I'm thrilled to announce we are the top-ranked pharmaceutical company on the Financial Times 2023 Europe Climate Leaders list. Looking ahead, this is shaping up to be another exciting year for our company, and I look forward to updating you on our progress. With that, I'll hand the call back to Andy.

Andy Barnett -- Head of Investor Relations

Thank you, Pascal. We'll now move to the Q&A with all of our executive team members participating as shown here. As a reminder, raise your hand in Zoom or type your questions into the Q&A button. We will try and answer as many questions as we can during the call, although please do limit the number of questions you ask to allow others a fair chance to participate in the Q&A.

With that, let's move to the first question.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks. The first question is -- thanks Andy, from Sachin at BOA. Sachin, go ahead.

Sachin Jain -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

Thanks, everyone. Two questions, please. First topic is Dato-DXd, two part TL-02 and 04 at your ASCO. So, I wondered, Susan, if you could just give us some color on what we should be looking for.

Are we expecting PFS data? And is it fair to be comparing that to KEYNOTE-189 as we think about confidence into 07 and 08? And then just on the breast data, you mentioned, Pascal, TB-01. You've also got TB-02 and TNBC next year. So, I wonder if Dave could just frame for us how he thinks about the commercial opportunity of these two indications that haven't really been discussed much by investors. It feels to us like they could be 2 billion to 3 billion opportunity combined.

Any thoughts there? And then, a quick follow-on for Dave on Calquence. Just wondering if you could give a bit more detail on the Beijing competition you're seeing. Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks. Thanks very much, Sachin. So, Susan, do you want to take the first one or should we -- yeah. And then, Dave, do you want to take the other one?

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Yeah, sure. So, obviously, with the TL-02, we're going to have updated data with the combination of Dato-DXd with immuno-oncology agents. And again, with TL-04, we have data in combination with chemotherapy plus other agents. So, I think you can look at durable response rate.

It's always difficult to look at endpoints like progression-free survival and single-arm studies because there were differences in patient populations that are crude versus other things that are out there. But that's what I suggest you look for.

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Great. So, on, Sachin, your first question around the opportunity with Dato in breast cancer. Maybe the first thing that I would just point out here, and we talked about this in the context of DESTINY-Breast04 and DESTINY-Breast06, a large number of breast cancer patients in the metastatic setting, hormone receptor-positive and triple negative, are treated today with systemic chemotherapy. And we think we've got one of the leading antibody drug conjugate portfolios between Enhertu and Dato to be able to hopefully replace much of that chemotherapy used today with antibody drug conjugates.

And so, there's certainly a multi-blockbuster opportunity in breast cancer to replace that systemic chemotherapy. Now, exactly how the puzzle pieces in the overlap between 04, 06, TROPION-Breast01, I think we need to see some of the data and how that plays out. But I'd encourage you to think about -- and that's the reason we talk about kind of breast cancer as a portfolio. I talked about lung cancer as a portfolio today because I think that we've got an opportunity across those assets to be able to really create very good commercial opportunity by replacing systemic chemo.

Maybe the last just kind of point here of note on TB-01. So, that study is in a post-endocrine therapy and post-first systemic therapy. That's an earlier line than what we've seen out of TROPiCS-02. So, I think that that gives you a sense competitively, too, that it's well positioned competitively, depending on the data.

On Calquence and what we've been seeing there, we continue to win the overwhelming majority of new starts in the frontline CLL setting. This is really our key area of promotional focus. In terms of market share, we are seeing impact from zanu as a new entrant. We've seen the majority of their impact come in the relapse refractory setting.

We have seen some impact come in the frontline setting. Some of their impact in the frontline setting has come at the expense of Calquence, though the majority of it has come at the expense of ibrutinib, the first-generation BTKi. I would also say that, you know, within this context, we certainly expect the BTKi market to be competitive going forward. I'm quite confident that our team is very well prepared.

We have important data coming out at ASCO on a matched analysis, indirect comparison between ASCEND and ALPINE that we're hearing early positive response from investigators on. And we'll continue to work hard to keep Calquence as the clear standard of care within the frontline setting.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Dave. James Gordon at JPM. Go ahead, James.

James Gordon -- JPMorgan Chase and Company -- Analyst

Hello, James Gordon from JPMorgan. Thanks for taking the questions. Two, please. One about the C5 franchise and also competition.

So, Novartis presented their detailed iptacopan Factor B data, and it did suggest potentially competitive efficacy versus Soliris and Ultomiris. And it's oral. But do you think it does look competitive? How should we read that data? Can we compare it to what you've shown for Soliris and Ultomiris in PNH? And you mentioned you've got a few things of your own. So, you've got Factor Ds.

But is the focus more the Factor Ds now, or is the excitement more actually on 1720? When do you think you could have either 1720 or a monotherapy Factor D on the market to compete with Novartis? And the second question was just Imfinzi, really strong performance in Q1. Can you break down the performance a bit? Is much of that the acceleration coming from HIMALAYA with liver or POSEIDON? And is the performance very front-end weighted because Imjudo, you charge more upfront. And then it sort of tapers off over the patient's treatment, or is this like a clean Q1 number we can extrapolate from the rest of the year?

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

So, James, actually, thank you. The first question was actually two questions. So, it's three questions in total. Marc, do you want to take the first two, the C5 franchise and iptacopan, and also then the Factor D portfolio versus 1720?

Marc Dunoyer -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Yes. So first of all, the question on iptacopan recent data versus C5. So, first of all, I would like to caution everybody on doing indirect comparison of very different clinical trials, especially when the population that are included in the trials are very different. Just to provide an illustration of that, the C5 inhibitors of Alexion, Soliris and Ultomiris, usually include bone marrow failure patients, who do represent about 30% to 40% of the actual PNH population.

The second difference, the second visible difference is that the trials of iptacopan are enriched with EVH, extravascular hemolysis, and anemia patients suffering from anemia. And therefore, when you measure improvement of hemoglobin, it's probably easier to demonstrate a benefit. But just to go back to the comparison, we -- as you have said, James, we also believe in the potential for proximal inhibitors, Factor B or Factor D, to play a role in the treatment of PNH, whether this will be in co-therapy as we have already demonstrated with danicopan, our first Factor D, or whether it will be in monotherapy as we are trying to demonstrate in vemircopan. This remains to be seen.

The key objective for PNH are obviously the control of intravascular hemolysis and to prevent thrombosis. Otherwise, you are increasing significantly the mortality risk. So, we need to be seeing these results over time. Again, you know, co-therapy versus monotherapy.

To turn -- to your second question, or third question, well, you know, is 1720. For us, 1720 is an improved generation of the first two C5. It's a subcu formulation provided on a weekly regimen. We are still continuing the development.

We see -- we have a trial in myasthenia gravis that is progressing very well. So, we are not abandoning the third-generation of C5. We are also exploring the Factor D. And as I described in my script, we have three of these Factor D, and each of them will be positioned slightly differently across the development momentum.

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Thanks, Marc. So, James, there are two parts to your question. As I understand it, the first is around the sources of growth that sit within the Imfinzi number, and then the second is really the durability of that growth. On the first piece, I'm really pleased to say that the growth is coming from multiple areas for Imfinzi, Imjudo.

We see across geographies and also across indications that the performance was really driven for the quarter. Maybe to start first, and importantly, we do see, albeit a minority, still an important part of the growth coming from the existing indications. So, Pacific has strengthened. Caspian continues to grow across the globe as we work against it.

The lion's share of the growth has come from new indications; TOPAZ-1, being the most significant of those. And we've seen really brisk uptake across U.S., Japan, Europe. HIMALAYA is also growing and continuing to grow nicely. And in fact, POSEIDON is an area where we're approved.

So, in the U.S., in particular, but also now getting underway in Japan, we're beginning to make inroads there as well. On your question specifically about Imjudo, just to share and to be helpful, Imjudo sales for the quarter were 37 million. And for last quarter, they were 15 million. So, it's actually a minority of the 900 million in the quarter.

So, it's not a front-loaded Imjudo effect that you're seeing here. This really is Imfinzi Trx's that's driving this, and I expect us to continue to grow going forward. I do think we've probably got a little bit of bolus on TOPAZ-1, but I think all the other dimensions that I've described are ones that we expect to continue to move ahead.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Dave. Peter Welford, Jefferies. Go ahead, Peter.

Peter Welford -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Hi, thanks for taking the question. So, I've got two R&D ones. Firstly, just looking at the tozorakimab, as you've many outlined the profile, just wondering if you can give us any thoughts following the recent COPD data that we've had in biologic success there, in terms of does that impact your thinking at all in development in this space, and equally more broadly, biologics in COPD. If you could just outline the population in particular you're looking at in the tozorakimab COPD phase 3 study and how that differs.

And then, secondly, on FOXP2 combos, I know this comes up every quarter. But can you just give us an update if there is any on any data you have for both, I guess, the MRA, the CinCor now that's in-house, and also the [Inaudible] and your latest thinking in terms of when we may see those programs move into phase 3. Thank you.

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

First question on tozo and our COPD programs. I mean, I think overall, and I think I said this in the last quarter, I'm encouraged to see a molecule, a biologic molecule work in COPD because I think it sort of gives us confidence that actually the programs we have with Fasenra, with tozo, hopefully with our TSLP molecules as well, will ultimately be positive. I think in terms of -- obviously, we need to see the phase 2 data from our phase 2 studies that are running with tozo, although we've obviously started phase 3 as well based on some of the data we've already seen. But I think I would say our confidence is high.

The profile of the patients that we have in our anti-IL-33 program is looking at both smokers and former smokers and current smokers, people with more than two exacerbations, and ultimately will be helped defined by the phase 2 study that's reading out. For the Fasenra program in COPD, which is the most advanced program we have, we're basing it off our two failed phase 3 programs. And that's in patients that have had exacerbations, again, three or more exacerbations, and also have higher sNfL counts. So, overall, I think I'm more optimistic now that I've seen a program work in the biologic space, but ultimately will be determined by readouts from our data.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Farxiga combo?

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Farxiga combo, again, I think the phase 2 data is moving well. I can't talk about it too much because we haven't announced the data. But I would say we're very much still on track, both in terms of the zibo-dapa program, the MR program, and [Inaudible] as a monotherapy but also in combination. And hope that during the course of the year, we'll be able to talk about the phase 3 investment decisions.

But it's a little bit too soon yet to talk about the data specifically. But I would say they're still on track in terms of our expectations for phase 3 IDs and launches.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Mene. And then, ultimately, Peter, the objective is really to develop a portfolio of combinations that will address different patient segments and complement each other and cover the whole field very well. But, of course, this is still depending on a series of data sets. Emily Field at Barclays.

Hi, Emily.

Emily Field -- Barclays -- Analyst

Hi, sorry, I had to unmute. Yeah, two questions from me. One, just, you know, you mentioned on Tagrisso, one of the drivers this quarter was improved duration of therapy for FLAURA. I was just wondering if you could provide more color around that as we're getting asked a lot, you know, particularly ahead of one, whatever we may see MARIPOSA.

And then, just camizestrant and adjuvant. I know the design of CAMBRIA-1 does allow for prior CDK4/6 for two years, but does a potential change in adjuvant standard of care, you know, we'll see at ASCO change your thinking about that study? Or just any thoughts on adjuvant there. Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks. Dave, do you want to take the first one and, Susan, the second one?

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Yeah, so, in terms of, Emily, the duration of therapy that we're seeing in the real-world context, in the U.S. and in Europe, we are seeing it longer than the median PFSs and DoT that we saw in ADAURA. So, obviously that was, you know, in the high 18s, I would say, that we're now sort of seeing it depending upon where we are, somewhere between kind of 21 and 24. And the exactness of that is to be determined.

But I think to the point that you're making, it's obviously quite relevant as we think about how clinicians see the efficacy that they get from monotherapy Tagrisso. And it's something that I've commented on in past quarters that certainly the efficacy that's coming through the monotherapy, together with the tolerability, is what gives us confidence that monotherapy is going to continue to be the first choice for many patients based upon that DoT that we're seeing in the real world from FLAURA.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

So, thanks for the question about camizestrant. So, the CAMBRIA-1 study is designed to capture that patient population that have had two to five years of adjuvant endocrine therapy with or without a CDK4/6 inhibitor. So, the reinforcement of the benefit that you see of a CDK4/6 inhibitor in the adjuvant setting, I think, actually makes this trial even more relevant because there are patients that can benefit from extended adjuvant in adjuvant setting. And these are patients with intermediate or high risk of recurrence.

So, I think the changes in the adjuvant setting are in line with our expectations. And, of course, CAMBRIA-1 does allow for both ribocyclib and [Inaudible].

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Susan. Andrew Baum, at Citi. Over to you, Andrew.

Andrew Baum -- Citi -- Analyst

Yeah, thank you. Question for Mene and then one for Susan. So, for, Mene, you have an allosteric oral PCSK9 inhibitor that doesn't have a food interaction, which differentiates itself from Merck's agent. You have got an open-label phase 2 trials, you're seeing data.

But it's very difficult to find any published clinical data, including your patterns of indications of efficacy of LDL lowering, just to give some sense of contrast versus both Praluent and Repatha, but also Merck's data. So, perhaps you could share with us, given you have highlighted it, I know you're excited about the product, given the data that you have seen, animal as well as human, are you comfortable that it's going to deliver efficacy in a similar ballpark to Praluent and Repatha and Merck, at least in terms of LDL lowering? So, that's the first question. And then, the second question to Susan, PARP inhibitors are absent from your lung cancer domination master plan. I'm just curious whether this is because you're concerned about toxicity in combining with topoisomerase inhibitors, whether you think that the efficacy doesn't have a strong enough rationale, or there's something else I might be missing here.

Thank you.

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

So, I'll show you first little pieces because it's a great question, and we're being somewhat cagey, I think, on purpose because, obviously, it is a very competitive space, Andrew. So, am I confident that we're going to have a target product profile that's competitive. What I'll say is that we've given ourselves, like we did actually for the injectable PCSK9, I think a tough threshold for what we would take forwards into more expensive late-stage studies. And so, that's the profile we need to hit.

I'm hoping we're going to get there. You know, I'd like to see a few more patients dosed. I'm encouraged by what I'm seeing, but I won't get too excited yet until we've seen a bit more patient data. And, of course, when we have, then we'll be able to share it more broadly.

But I think it looks encouraging, but I wouldn't -- it's not a home run yet.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

So, thanks for the question about PARP inhibitors and nonsmall cell lung cancer. So, you know, there are a subset of lung cancer patients that have mutations in HRR genes that may have increased sensitivity to PARP inhibition. We're awaiting the readout of studies that looking at the combination of PARP inhibition plus IO therapy. And we're also in dose escalation in combination with ADCs in the number of the trials.

So, I think it just reflects -- you know, the map that you see is -- you know, as we see that evolution with the things that we currently have in hand are ready to move into phase 3 or close to phase 3. Of course, we anticipate that the standards of care can continue to evolve as data evolves.

Andrew Baum -- Citi -- Analyst

Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Susan. Tim Anderson at Wolfe. Over to you, Tim.

Tim Anderson -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

OK, thank you. On Tagrisso, Astra usually maintains that Tagrisso monotherapy will likely remain the backbone for most patients in frontline lung. Yet, you started this small combination study with amivantamab in frontline. So, can you talk about the rationale behind that? And why start that only recently? Why wouldn't you have started that many months ago, even all the way back in 2022? What was the trigger? And, you know, why such a small size trial? Is that so you can quickly advance it into a larger phase 3? And then, just on Dato-DXd, are you as confident as ever ahead of the readout of the TROPION-Lung01? Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

OK. Dave, you take the first one, and, Susan, the second one.

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Yeah. So, Tim, I just, again, to ground on our view for the EGFR-mutated space, we see Tagrisso clearly as the backbone of therapy for all patients being treated for EGFR-mutated within, obviously, our labeled indication. And we think the majority are MANO. But we've also made really clear that we do know that there is a desire to treat some patients with combination therapy.

And really, here, we see FLAURA2 as being, hopefully, if the results in the phase 3 look like those from OPAL, appropriate for a certain subset of patients. We also have acknowledged and seen that as the CHRYSALIS data, the MARIPOSA data, were unfolding that there may indeed be a role for some subset of patients to be treated with the amivantamab combo. It's within that context that we've initiated the study that you described. It's called OSTARA.

It's a nonregistrational medical affairs-led study. It's a relatively small practice informing study as opposed to something with registrational intent. Really, trying to answer questions for those who might have it down the road around the safety and the combinability of Tagrisso and amivantamab in the future if there was a physician who was interested in that. So, I would say that this isn't in any way a departure from the view that we've got on Tagrisso.

It is an additive component to a belief that Tagrisso is the backbone of therapy moving forward.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

OK, and in terms of Dato-DXd, at the risk of being boring, I want to be entirely consistent with what was said before, which is that the profile that we have for Dato-DXd, we're confident about based on the design of the ADC with the linker-warhead combination. And the data in lung cancer, in particular from the data from the phase 1 study, which is not just showing a response rate in later-line lung cancer patients, but the durability of response is what gives us confidence in the ability to beat the standard of care in the second-line study. But we run phase 3 trials in order to get the results, and we're eagerly awaiting the results of the TROPION-Lung01 as is everybody on the call. Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Susan. Simon Baker, Redburn. Over to you, Simon.

Simon Baker -- Redburn Partners -- Analyst

Thank you, Pascal. Two questions, if I may. Firstly, on Dato, and apologies if I missed a comment on this, but the timing on TROPION-Breast01 appears to have accelerated quite significantly. I just wonder if there's anything you could comment on that.

And also, with Dato, there was a very interesting poster at AACR looking at resensitization in resistant cell lines, the specific example being Schlafen 11 loss being resensitized with ATR inhibitors. I just wondered how that fits in with your clinical development programs and the potential that would open up for multiple treatment lines with Dato. And then, secondly, changing the subject entirely, probably one for you, Pascal. I just wondered what your initial thoughts were on yesterday's proposals for pharma legislation reform proposed by the European Commission.

Thanks so much.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Suzanne, you want to cover the first two?

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Yeah. So, for TROPION-Breast01, I think we're delighted that the accrual for this trial was six months ahead of schedule, which I think just reflects the level of unmet need and the level of interest in the Dato program for this particular setting. So, that's really the explanation for the acceleration. Thanks for spotting the data that we had at AACR.

I do think the ATR combination is an interesting one. That's one of -- a number of different combinations that we're looking at with our ADC portfolio.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Susan. The European question, Simon, I mean, there are two parts to it. I think one part is really the sort of a long-term impact of something like this on Europe. And I think really that -- as it relates to Europe, I mean, this is the wrong response to an important issue.

And the issue is access to medicines in Europe. And we know that Europe has been behind the U.S. in terms of access. But quite frankly, it's also falling behind in Japan, and it's rapidly falling behind China as well.

And that has been associated with Europe also falling behind the U.S., but now also China in terms of clinical trials and emergence of biotechs. I mean, I was in China the last couple of weeks, and you can see the innovation is really impressive in that country. So, that's really -- this potential legislation is really not a good idea in terms of securing a strong licenses sector in Europe. In terms of the impact on the industry and our company, it really is something that will evolve over time because first of all, it will take a couple of years for various stakeholders and participants to comment, and discussions will take place.

Nothing will be coming into legislation for another two years. So, in terms of commenting on the impact, I think it is a little bit early in details, and we should wait for the end result of this discussion and see what comes out of the legislation. But I guess, really, again, the sort of general underlying message that this kind of approach sends is that Europe is not really the most attractive place for the industry to invest in. And the reality is that there is an enormous amount of innovation in the U.S.

to tap into. We've all known that. But there's a rapidly increasing, very, very large amount of innovation in China, actually. So, the next question is Mattias Haggblom at Handelsbanken.

And, Mattias, over to you.

Mattias Haggblom -- Handelsbanken Capital Markets -- Analyst

I have two, please. So, staying on China, which you touched upon in the previous question, I was just curious to hear a bit more on why you decided to bring it up in the CEO statement in this report, emphasizing the growth and pace of innovation if it was something in particular that made it sensible to bring up in this quarter and not earlier. And then, secondly, I'm curious to understand if there is more color to provide on the decision to terminate ALXN1840. Marc mentioned it on the call.

I know that regulators asked for two mechanistic studies. Was the outcome of those the final piece? And does this, to any extent, change the character of what rare disease assets that would interest AstraZeneca going forward? Thanks so much.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

So, thanks, Mattias. I'll take the first one, and I'll ask also Leon to jump in. And, Marc, maybe you want to take the Wilson termination question. The reason I've brought it up is that I really think that we wanted to signal that China is back.

I mean the economy is bouncing back, the government is very focused on what they call high-quality growth. Science and innovation is one of their priorities across all sorts of industrial sectors, of course, not only life sciences. They're focused on green development, they're focused on collaboration, and they really are implementing a very impressive program in terms of stimulating economy and driving innovation. And that plays into a whole series of new innovative technologies and products that are coming out of the biotech sector.

So, we wanted to signal this because, first of all, China is an important market, of course. And then, it's also not only an important market in terms of helping patients and driving growth, but it's also an important market in terms of tapping into innovation. Leon can talk about this, and maybe also Susan could comment on some of the deals we did. And Susan was also in China for a couple of weeks.

So, you know, we both came back definitely impressed with the progress that has been made in this country. And the last reason I wanted to signal it is that, you know, it plays to our strengths as a company. We are the largest pharma company in China. We have a tremendous team and really positions us very well to benefit from everything that's happening in that country.

Leon, do you want to sort of comment? And maybe you could also comment on some of the things we are doing across China and the various headquarters, etc.

Leon Wang -- Executive Vice President, International

Yeah. I think before I comment on China, I think emerging market is overall quite exciting. And China is about 14%, 15%. And outside of China, emerging market are growing much faster, also 14%, 15%.

So, it's really worth looking at. And within China, I think we are No.1 company with a quite solid position. And we actually speed up our global importer product portfolio rapidly to benefit the Chinese patients. So, this year we have Enhertu and also Calquence.

And also, we launched our rare disease portfolio. So, all these things are very exciting for imported portfolio. And also, we have a $1 billion U.S. dollar fund, venture fund, investing into companies we are familiar and also attractive.

I think Susan and Mene's global research teams are helping us to identify interesting targets to invest. So, plus we are also closely working with many China rising start-up companies, and we like what we work with HUTCHMED on developing their c-Met drug, savolitinib. And also, as a starting point and in the future, I mean, Susan's team also signed several deals in cell therapy and also in Claudin 18.2. And also, I would hope also, too, tap into the non oncology rising innovation in China.

So, I think China innovation, like Pascal put it, in the past two, three weeks, we traveled across and meeting a lot of interesting start-up companies, and it is really exploding. So, we hope instead of watching, I think we are a leading company in China. So, we should benefit from rising innovation in China to make these innovations also accessible to the patient outside China.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

So, thanks, Leon. And just a couple of comments on the deals that we've done. So, as you said, building on the relationship we've had with HUTCHMED MediPharma for savolitinib. We've recently done three deals in the last 12 months with Cellular Biomedicine Group for the cell therapy asset, you know, where they're helping by running the investigator-initiated trial with our GPC3 constructs.

And this actually helps us accelerate that program and gain clinical experience faster than we could otherwise. We also have done a deal with Harbour BioMed for a T-cell engager, targeting Claudin 18.2, which is an important target on gastric and pancreatic cancer. And then, with [Inaudible] access to an antibody drug conjugate with an MME warhead, again, targeting Claudin 18.2. So, I do think, you know, as Pascal has said, we've come back from China excited and energized by the interactions that we've got there.

The level of innovation and the science, the quality, the number of companies that are starting up in that space, it's very exciting. And the quality of the investigators that you can work with is also, you know, really good. So, I think. It is an opportunity for us to leverage our position there and help us to actually, you know, not just think about China delivering for China, but China innovation delivering for globally relevant indications and accelerating that.

So, I think that's the opportunity that's there to be had.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Susan. Marc?

Marc Dunoyer -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

First of all, let me remind you of the reason why Alexion invested in 1940. Wilson disease is a disease with an extremely high medical need where no innovation has taken place for decades beyond the copper chelator. So, this is why Alexion invested in it. Regarding the recent decision that we made, it's basically a case of looking at the totality of data and also a close interaction with regulators.

The phase 3 that we produced in 2021 produced positive results, but then we conducted, as you mentioned, two mechanistic study whose results were less clear. So, when you look at the overall -- the totality of the data, it was not possible for us to, you know, demonstrate clearly a benefit risk for the Wilson population. And then, we just decided to discontinue.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Marc. James Quigley at Morgan Stanley. Go ahead, James.

Mark Purcell -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Hey, it's Mark Purcell from Morgan Stanley. Apologies with the mix-up. Two questions. Firstly, Pascal, could you help us understand and put into context the PanTumor opportunity for Enhertu? So, firstly, the sort of probability and breadth of the PanTumor approval you may get from the PanTumor-02 trial, plans to move into earlier lines, and then the importance of the PanTumor-01 trial in HER2 mutant cancer in terms of wrapping up a sort of broader opportunity there.

And then, sort of secondly, the lung cancer Slide 15 is super helpful. I just wondered, given the sort of progress, the investment that's being made in gastric and GI tumors, could you sort of provide us some perspective of where you're heading here? I sort of know, as Susan just mentioned, the Claudin 18.2 ADC opportunities, obviously, validated with the Astellas multiple antibody and response rates of over 75% and potential combination there. So, the gastric opportunity, firstly. And then, secondly, the colorectal cancer opportunity, where the EGFR c-MET bi-specific ADC looks super exciting.

So, your thoughts there would be great. Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much. Susan, do you want to cover those?

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

OK. So, thanks for the interest in the PanTumor Enhertu data, which, as I said, are going to be shared at ASCO, so I think we probably have more detailed conversation there about that. Obviously, this is something we're going to need to discuss with regulatory authorities, and there'll be a question about, you know, the appropriate biomarker cutoff across different indications. So, I think, you know, we are also, of course, looking at the HER2 mutant setting.

There is an overlap between the HER2 mutation and the HER2 over-expression. So, the HER2 mutant tumors are quite often highly over-expressing as well. But I think there will be data that we'll look at that, which I think helps support the data that we'll have from the Pan-HER2 over-expressing segment. And then, in terms of, you know, moving into GI cancers, with the TOPAZ and HIMALAYA data that Dave already referenced, I think we have a beachhead into these tumors with Imfinzi, but I think there is significant opportunity to improve on the current standard of care.

And that's why we're excited about the Claudin 18.2 ADC asset there. Obviously, we're also looking at combinations of ADC plus IO agents across the portfolio. With regards to the EGFR-MET bi-specific in colorectal cancer, yes, there is over-expression of both of these targets within colorectal cancer. I think we also have to look at the activity level in patients that have had prior topoisomerase inhibition in some of the GI tumors, which is something that is relevant.

And, of course, colorectal cancer often over-expresses membrane pumps that can pump out warheads. So, I think we just need to see the clinical data in order to understand what the real potential is for these molecules. But you're right that this is an area of interest for us. Thanks.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Susan. Seamus Fernandez, Guggenheim, Seamus, over to you.

Seamus Fernandez -- Guggenheim Partners -- Analyst

Thanks for the question. So, really, my only question is on eplontersen. We saw some impressive data presented at the recent neuro meeting. Just hoping that you could comment on that and also follow up with the, you know, broader plans and opportunity that you see in the overall ATTR setting, particularly given your plans on the cardiac side and the overall competitive landscape.

Thanks.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks so much. Mene, do you want to cover it from --

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

R&D and then, we can --

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Maybe Ruud could jump in --

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Yeah.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

And also give a sense of the potential.

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

So, I think we were particularly pleased with the functional data in terms of quality of life because we continue to see an improvement, which I think is, you know, looks, I think, quite compelling. And, obviously, I think the data that we've seen now and the consistency of data gives us more confidence given the mechanism that this is going to work well in cardiomyopathy as well. So, I think overall we're, you know, very pleased. We're excited with the submission and the filing in polyuropathy and waiting, you know, with anticipation for the cardiomyopathy data at the moment.

Ruud?

Ruud Dobber -- Executive Vice President and President, BioPharmaceuticals

Yeah, so, the scoping of the opportunity, there are roughly 40,000 patients with ATTR-PM. So, it's a relatively small population, but there's a very large overlap with the main indication, cardiomyopathy. As we have announced, the FDA has accepted our filing, and we are expecting, hopefully, a positive outcome in the second half of this year. And the team here in the United States is working, of course, on the pre-launch activities.

And equally, we are preparing ourselves for the CM indication, the much larger indication. Roughly, there are between 300,000 and 500,000 patients worldwide with CM, but there's also tremendous underdiagnosis in the CM. Most of those patients are detected very late in that disease in the States. Clearly, with our activities in the HFpEF indication with Farxiga, we are expecting that the diagnosis rate will at least double moving forward.

So, all in all, it's a very substantial population in order to promote our product in the CM category. Of course, that will be a little bit later. That will be after 2024. But all in all, all the lights at the moment are clearly green.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Ruud. Emmanuel Papadakis, Deutsche Bank.

Emmanuel Papadakis -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Thanks for taking the question. Perhaps, first one on PROpel ahead of the advisory review tomorrow. Any perspectives you could give us on the FDA's stance that appears keen to potentially restrict approval to not just the HRR but actually the BRCA subgroup of patients. So, be interested to hear your thoughts on those documents and expectations into tomorrow.

And then, perhaps a question on FLAURA2 ahead of the imminently due headline data, perhaps, you could help frame our expectations on PFS in light of the OPAL data that was presented at ASCO last year, where you saw a 70% PFS rate at 24 months. Should we be thinking of a high-20s median PFS as achievable? Or is the number radically different to that either below or above also possible? Thank you very much.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Emmanuel. I think they are both for you, Susan. You're very popular today as always.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

OK. All right. Yeah, so obviously we'll know tomorrow the outcome of the PROpel ODAC, but I'd make three points. First of all, there is a mechanism of action for interaction of the androgen receptor downstream signaling olaparib.

So, AR is involved in DNA repair in AR-driven cells and actually depends on PARP-1. So, with the combination, you get increased DNA damage selectively in AR-driven cells regardless of the BRCA status. And we have data to demonstrate that. So, this is different from the monotherapy settings such as varying cancer late-line settings.

And that difference in mechanism of action is reflected in the data from three randomized clinical trials, the [Inaudible] phase 2 study, the PROpel study, and TALAPRO-2, which recently read out which all show similar effect sizes with strong benefit both in BRCA wild-type, as well as in BRCA mutant. This effect, however, is dependent on dose because it's dependent on the PARP trapping effect, hence, the difference, I think, with magnitude. The second point I make is the effect size in the BRCA wild-type cannot be explained by false negative ctDNA testing. There's high agreement for the ctDNA and tissue testing in 94%.

So, if you look at the patients that are ctDNA negative and tissue undetermined, that's 226 patients in the PROpel study. Only six could be effectively misclassified. This cannot explain the effect size. And third point is that the evidence does not support that there's an OS detriment.

I think identifying the double negatives, both ctDNA and tissue-based negative study is looking at a subgroup of a subgroup. And in fact, in the BRCA undetermined group, the OS hazard ratio is 0.71. So, if you look at the totality of the data and the totality of the secondary endpoints, I think it supports a good benefit risk profile for olaparib in this patient population in combination with aberration. So, you know, that's our position.

We'll represent that strongly at the ODAC tomorrow, and we look forward to seeing what the results of that are. In terms of FLAURA2, you know, the OPAL data that was published is in a reasonable-size patient population, about 60 patients. So, I think it gives you a reasonable confidence about the limits of the median PFS, which, in that study, was 31 months. So, I think, you know, that's the basis for assumption for FLAURA2.

You can obviously get some regression to the mean as you move from phase 2 to phase 3, but I think, you know, we're confident in that effect size of the tolerability profile that we actually see for the combination. So, I think this is going to be an important potential new opportunity for Tagrisso and represents a choice that then patients can have. Not every patient will want a combination therapy, but I think it represents, you know, a potential in opportunity for those patients with bulkier disease or the younger end of the spectrum.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Susan.

Emmanuel Papadakis -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Matthew Weston, Credit Suisse.

Matt Weston -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

Thank you. Thank you very much. Two questions if I can. The first is a follow up on TROPION-Breast01.

Susan, you mentioned that recruitment was six months ahead of expectations, but the readout's been brought forward, I think, nearly 18 months. So, can you explain the difference? Is it that you've shift the focus to the PFS endpoint or co-primary endpoint rather than OS? Any further commentary would be very helpful. And then, secondly, a question on TROPION-Lung01, similar to the one we've just had on FLAURA2. We're all looking forward to that press release, and we're hoping that we're going to see that Astra-favored comments clinically meaningful.

Can someone on the call set out what clinically meaningful would be in your view so that we aren't surprised when we subsequently see the data?

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

So, thanks for the questions. Let's start with TROPION-Breast01. We have a dual primary endpoint of PFS and OS in this study. The endpoints haven't changed, but the rapid accrual just gives us the opportunity for that to be read out at an earlier point.

And I think what we've guided before was, you know, beyond the end of this year versus now coming into this year. So, you know, I don't think it really is as big a shift in the timelines as you're indicating.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

I think, Susan, maybe this is a good time to give yourself a pat on the back and your team because the recruitment has been incredibly fast, and the team has done a beautiful job.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Yeah, well, let me give all the credit to the team because they're the ones that have done the work. So, Cristian Massacesi's team and Michele Sample, who's led the operations team have done a great job here. You know, in terms of TROPION-Lung01, what we said before in terms of clinical meaningfulness, you know, you're expecting, you know, if you look at the CONTACT-01 data set, something in the range of four to five months median PFS for the control arm, I think, is a reasonable assumption. And, you know, it's well-sized for a clinically meaningful benefit, you know, which would probably be in the range of two to three months on that background.

So, I don't think that's changed either. Hope that answers your question.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you. Luisa Hector, Berenberg. Luisa, go ahead.

Luisa Hector -- Berenberg Capital Markets -- Analyst

Hi there. Thanks, Pascal. So, maybe just a quick one again for Susan on when we might see the first response rate data for the internal ADCs that you highlighted. And then, perhaps, just if you can quantify in Q1 anything on price impact.

There seem to be various movements, particularly European clawbacks were mentioned in the press release. So, maybe split between U.S. and Europe, any impact on price? And then, stocking or gross-to-net impacts, which were also scattered throughout the press release. Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Luisa. Susan, do you want to take the first one and, Ruud, you would take the second one? And, you know, if, Dave, you want to step in also, please do so, but maybe start with Ruud.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Yeah, I would anticipate that we would share data probably next year for the early phase ADCs.

Ruud Dobber -- Executive Vice President and President, BioPharmaceuticals

OK. And regarding, Luisa, the clawbacks in itself in Europe specifically are not unusual. We are facing that year after year. It's our normal business practice, and we are just flagging it in order to provide a little bit more color to our business performance.

That's also true in the United States. As you know very well, of course, in the United States, we are negotiating our prices on an annual basis and our rebates and, of course, gross-to-net adjustments. And, at least in the foreseeable future, we expect to continue that. And, of course, there's new legislation potentially coming on our own way in the United States with the IRA.

But all in all, currently, it's clearly business as usual.

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

I mean, I think the only piece, Luisa, that I'd add to that is that I commented in my remarks on Calquence and Lynparza stocking in the quarter. I don't have much more to add, but that certainly was relevant for both of those brands. And then, on price in the U.S., well, seeing that we took some price increases in line with what we thought was appropriate. But keep in mind that in the quarter, the impact of that is relatively negligible because you've got price protections that are in place for a lot of the distributors and the payers and the GPOs.

Just to try to put a bit more color on your question.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks. Michael Leuchten, UBS.

Michael Leuchten -- UBS -- Analyst

Thank you. Two questions please. Just going back to the speed of recruitment for both FLAURA2 and MARIPOSA, how do you square that with your view that monotherapy EGFR is going to be the standard of care? If it has to be squared at all, just interested in your thought that both of these trials have recruited very, very quickly. And a quick question for Dave, what was the underlying growth for Lynparza in Q1 if you strip out the inventory work done that, I presume, came out of the PROpel expectations.

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

I just want to clarify, TB-01 is a breast cancer.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

No, no, FLAURA2 and MARIPOSA recruited fast and what does that mean in terms of physicians', you know, interest in this combination?

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Sorry. Right, well, I mean, there are patients who will want even more benefit than can be achieved with monotherapy Tagrisso. But I'm just pointing out that if you look at the totality of patients that, you know, you're treating with EGFR mutant lung cancer, a lot of them elderly, and, you know, oral monotherapy that they can take at home is an attractive option. But if you're looking at patients that want to accrue clinical trial sites and academic centers, that's a different patient population who are often looking for, you know, more options.

So, I think there's a large number of patients that have got first-line metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer. You know, it's a big indication. There's lots of opportunity to improve on the current standard of care.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Dave, maybe you could comment on Lynparza also, you know, from a commercial viewpoint. How do you see this FLAURA2 and MARIPOSA combination and physicians' reactions to those?

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Absolutely. So, on Lynparza, Michael, on a sequential first versus fourth quarter, on the global sales, we see growth across Europe in demand. We see growth in rest of world also within international. In terms of within the U.S.

right now, I would say that demand is relatively stable, net of the stocking that we described. I again made comments on this. There is opportunity for us to continue to grow Lynparza. Some of these opportunities are more challenging.

It's about driving testing rates in ovarian and the HRD population. It's about really creating even further imperative in driving testing for BRCA in breast cancer among hormone receptor-positive patients, where the unmet need and the perceived unmet need is not quite the same as it is in triple negative. Transitioning, again, just to go to Pascal's question to me around the opportunity for FLAURA2, we know that there are certain patients with a presentation of more aggressive disease. We also know that, certainly, if we're able to replicate the PFS results and the response rates of nearly 90% that we see in OPAL, along with the PFS of 31 months that we are seeing within OPAL, that there will be a subset of patients for whom that combination is something physicians may very well want to be utilizing.

And so, as Susan said, while we believe that the majority of patients will be seen as most appropriate for monotherapy because it's oral, because we're getting good, you know, approaching two years PFS, and because the side effect profile is well understood for certain patients, where the disease appears more aggressive, getting that response rate using FLAURA2 will be seen as attractive. I think that that could translate into further growth in terms of duration of therapy as well in terms of the period of time that they stand Tagrisso.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Dave. We'll take the last question. [Inaudible] at Intron. Go ahead, [Inaudible].

Naresh Chouhan -- Intron Health -- Analyst

Hi there. Thanks. It's Naresh Chouhan from Intron. Just a question on -- a couple of questions on Calquence, please.

Some work we've done suggests that Venetoclax is eating into that CLL space. Could you help us understand how fast the BTK class is going? And then, secondly, how do you see pricing evolving for the BTK, particularly Calquence? It seems as if the price has been falling quite materially in the last year or so. Thank you.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks.

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

So, thanks for the question. On the first of the questions, and really I guess I'll focus my answer in the U.S. What we're seeing is that Venetoclax has been relatively stable in terms of its frontline, second-line, and frankly third-line CLL share. I think that within that context, we have actually seen growth in the BTKi class.

I think one of the benefits that's come from a new entrant in this next generation BTKi is that it's created class growth, which I think has been certainly beneficial to Calquence. In terms of your second question, it's a good one and an important one. Historically, I've commented that contracting pricing gross-to-net has been relatively, I would say, sort of rational and lower pressure. We do see mounting gross-to-net pressures in the U.S.

within the BTKi class. And I do think that as we look forward toward IRA and negotiation and the possibility that first-generation BTKIs enter in, that that's something that we certainly expect to see more pressures on the class moving forward.

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Dave. So, thank you so much for all your great questions, and we wish you a great rest of the day. Thanks. Bye-bye.

Duration: 0 minutes

Call participants:

Andy Barnett -- Head of Investor Relations

Pascal Soriot -- Chief Executive Officer

Aradhana Sarin -- Chief Financial Officer

Dave Fredrickson -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Business

Susan Galbraith -- Executive Vice President, Oncology Research and Development

Ruud Dobber -- Executive Vice President and President, BioPharmaceuticals

Mene Pangalos -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Marc Dunoyer -- Executive Vice President, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development

Sachin Jain -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst

James Gordon -- JPMorgan Chase and Company -- Analyst

Peter Welford -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Emily Field -- Barclays -- Analyst

Andrew Baum -- Citi -- Analyst

Tim Anderson -- Wolfe Research -- Analyst

Simon Baker -- Redburn Partners -- Analyst

Mattias Haggblom -- Handelsbanken Capital Markets -- Analyst

Leon Wang -- Executive Vice President, International

Mark Purcell -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Seamus Fernandez -- Guggenheim Partners -- Analyst

Emmanuel Papadakis -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst

Matt Weston -- Credit Suisse -- Analyst

Luisa Hector -- Berenberg Capital Markets -- Analyst

Michael Leuchten -- UBS -- Analyst

Naresh Chouhan -- Intron Health -- Analyst

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