Quick -- think of some companies that have made people rich over the years.
Wal-Mart
Company |
20-Year Average Annual Return |
---|---|
Wal-Mart |
15% |
Intel |
16% |
Texas Instruments |
12% |
Pfizer |
13% |
Data from Yahoo! Finance.
Those rates add up to powerful growth, enough to double your money in short order. (Use the handy "rule of 72," and you'll see just how long it will take to double your money at those growth rates -- just divide 72 by the growth rate.)
With Wal-Mart's 15% growth rate, for example, a nest egg of $50,000 would have doubled four times over 20 years -- ending up around $800,000. If you had added to your nest egg during those 20 years, you would have ended up with considerably more.
But wait!
That's all pretty exciting, but there's a problem. How can you know which companies will turn in such results over the next 20 years? The more you study the market, the better your chances of answering this question correctly will prove.
Without such diligence (and even despite it, sometimes), you may end up with these performances instead:
Company |
20-Year Average Annual Return |
---|---|
Corning |
4% |
Bristol-Myers Squibb |
7% |
Boeing |
7% |
Data from Yahoo! Finance.
Even those of us who read, think, and write stocks all day every day have fallen prey to underperformers. I've had some incredible winners (one early stock changed my life), and I've also seen many stocks not perform as I expected. (That partly explains how I lost $200,000.)
How to get the best returns
For my part, I've been investing more and more in mutual funds in the past few years. That lets me hand over the responsibility of deciding which stocks to buy and sell (and most importantly, when) to carefully selected professionals who know what they're doing.
Better still, I don't feel like I'm sacrificing much in the way of performance. It's often easier to find mutual funds with compelling track records than it is to choose superior stocks.
To find a great fund, I look for a manager who's been at the helm for a good while, who has a philosophy I respect, and whose long-term record -- in good markets and bad -- is strong. I also look for low fees and low turnover, which preserve returns and suggest that the manager has faith in his or her choices.
Check out the performance of these funds, during a period in which the S&P 500 was essentially flat:
Fund |
Management Tenure |
Load |
Expense Ratio |
Turnover Ratio |
10-Year Annualized Return |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delafield (DEFIX) |
15 years |
None |
1.23% |
61% |
9.6% |
Manning & Napier World Opportunities (EXWAX) |
12 Years |
None |
1.14% |
49% |
9.3% |
Meridian Value (MVALX) |
14 Years |
None |
1.09% |
61% |
11.9% |
Mairs & Power Growth (MPGFX) |
9 years |
None |
0.68% |
4% |
7.3% |
*Data from Morningstar as of Oct. 31, 2008.
Now, compare those performances with the numbers from these funds, which have significantly shorter management tenure, higher expense ratios, and higher turnover:
Fund |
Management Tenure |
Load |
Expense Ratio |
Turnover Ratio |
10-Year Annualized Return |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HartfordStock A (IHSTX) |
3 Years |
5.5% |
1.3% |
96% |
(1.6%) |
AllianceBernstein Growth (AGRFX) |
8 Years |
4.3% |
1.4% |
100% |
(2.9%) |
Van Kampen Capital Growth (ACPAX) |
4 Years |
5.8% |
0.9% |
52% |
(2.5%) |
Putnam Investors (PINVX) |
6 Years |
5.8% |
1.2% |
127% |
(2.4%) |
*Data from Morningstar as of Oct. 31, 2008.
True, I chose those specific funds to make a point. But a number of studies have nonetheless shown that long tenure, low fees, and low turnover tend to produce higher returns for investors. The market's 10 best funds, for example, have above-average manager tenures and below-average expense ratios:
Metric |
Equity Fund Average |
Top 10 Funds by Performance |
---|---|---|
Manager tenure |
3.9 years* |
10.9 years |
Expense ratio |
1.46%** |
1.26% |
*Domestic U.S. funds, according to Morningstar.
**Simple average stock fund expense ratio. Data from the Investment Company Institute.
These are the kinds of factors we look for in our Motley Fool Champion Funds newsletter, where I've found a bunch of winning funds for my own portfolio. Even in this challenging market environment, Champion Funds' picks have been beating their respective indexes by three percentage points on average.
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