What carrying value means for investors
When you invest in bonds, it’s important to know their fair value. The carrying value is an accounting metric, not a market valuation, but it can provide insight into how a bond’s premium or discount is amortized over time.
If the carrying value of a bond is higher than its current market value, then bondholders could be facing potential losses. This means the bond is trading at a discount, probably due to higher interest rates or increased credit risk. You generally wouldn’t want to sell your bond in this situation, unless you’re able to lock in losses and you’d like to use them for tax loss harvesting, or you're able to reinvest your money in a higher-yielding bond.
On the other hand, if the carrying value of a bond is lower than its current market value -- which usually happens after interest rates have fallen -- bondholders have the opportunity to make a profit by selling. You don’t need to do so -- you could also continue holding the bond and making passive income from it -- but you have that option.