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Yum China Holdings, Inc. (YUMC 2.29%)
Q1Â 2019 Earnings Call
April 29, 2019, 8:00 a.m. ET
Contents:
- Prepared Remarks
- Questions and Answers
- Call Participants
Prepared Remarks:
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by and welcome to the Yum China 2019 First Quarter Earnings Conference Call. At this time all participants are in a listen-only mode. There will be a presentation followed by a question-and-answer session. (Operator Instructions). I must advise you that this conference is being recorded today, Tuesday, the 30th of April, 2019.
I would now like to hand the conference over to your first speaker today, Ms. Florence Lip. Thank you. Please go ahead.
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
Thank you, Rachel. Hello everyone and thank you for joining Yum China's first quarter 2019 earnings conference call. Joining us on today's call are Ms. Joey Wat, CEO of Yum China and Mr. Jacky Lo, CFO of the Company.
Before we get started, I'd like to remind you that our earnings call and investor presentation contains forward-looking statements which are subject to future events and uncertainty. Our actual results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements should be considered in conjunction with the cautionary statement in our earnings release and the risk factors included in our filings with the SEC. This call also includes certain non-GAAP financial measures. You should carefully consider the comparable GAAP measures and reconciliation thereto.
Today's call includes three sections. Joey will cover Yum China's first quarter 2019 highlights; and Jacky will cover the financial results. We will then open the call to questions. The webcast of this call will be available on our IR website. A power presentation -- PowerPoint presentation which contains operational and financial information for the quarter is available for download as well.
At this time, I would like to turn the call over to Ms. Joey Wat, CEO of Yum China.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Florence. Hello everyone and thank you for joining us today. First I will give an overview of the quarter before providing more detail on our operational initiatives for each of our core brands. I'm pleased to report that we delivered our 10th consecutive quarter of system sales growth since we spun off from Yum! Brands. Strong system sales grow on 9% was driven by accelerated new store openings, robust performance at KFC and a meaningful improvement at Pizza Hut.
In the first quarter of 2019, we continued to aggressively expand our market leading footprint, opening 237 stores compared to 203 stores in the same period last year. Our new store openings continue to be dominated by KFC, given the attractive cash payback period and strong growth opportunities. With excellent execution over the critical Chinese New Year period, KFC delivered an 11% increase in systems sale and a 5% increase in same-store sales, successfully lapping three very strong first quarters with healthy growth across all city tiers.
We are also pleased to see the ongoing improvement at Pizza Hut, which achieved positive 1% same-store sales growth, strong increase in traffic and significant margin improvement. Excluding the Wuxi remeasurement gain in the first quarter of 2018, we successfully achieved operating profit growth in the first quarter despite the margin pressure from rising poultry prices and wages. This reflects the benefit of sales leverage and our effective cost management initiatives.
We were also very pleased to unveil our strategic partnerships with Sinopec Sales Company and CNPC at our Investor Day. Through these partnerships we will jointly develop the gas station retail business, which is an exciting example of the many untapped opportunities to grow our presence in China.
Now I will provide more color on the performance and strategy of our key brands, starting with KFC. KFC is the leading QSR brand in China and it continued to demonstrate its resilient business model. In the first quarter KFC built on three years of strong growth with system sales up 11% resulting in a full year CAGR of 9% growth excluding foreign exchange. Menu innovation, smart value, delivery and excellent execution drove strong same-store sales which was complemented by a substantial contribution from a faster (ph) rate in new store openings in 2018 and early 2019.
KFC opened 191 new stores in the first quarter compared to 144 in the same period last year. Expansion will continue to be a key priority as we pursue additional opportunities for growth in attractive underserved markets across China.
Now let me talk about our special offers and menu innovation during the quarter. Based on the popularity of the crayfish burger during the 2018 LTO window we successfully relaunched the burger ahead of the Chinese New Year holiday. The Crayfish Burger has become one of our unique signature products. Other innovative product's launch include the shrimp burger and Lotus Leaf Rice, we call it Hor Yip Fan in Chinese.
Turning to Chinese New Year, we meticulously planned for this crucial sales window for months in advance, and I'm very pleased to report we achieved very strong results on the back of innovative menu items, vibrant multi-layered promotional campaigns and excellent execution. We created sharing-oriented specials that are well suited to friends and family celebrating Chinese New Year together, such as our Spring Festival Golden Bucket and Wing bucket. We also implemented local marketing initiatives and decorated select latest stores with Chinese cultural treasures by partnering with the National Museum of China.
In addition to Chinese New Year, we also catered to other Chinese festivals and regional specialties. For example, we served a green rice dumpling called Qingtuan, which is an Eastern Chinese specialty for the Tomb Sweeping holiday. We have found that customers are very receptive to regional specialties from all around China, and the rice dumpling proved to be a very popular product in many regions across the country.
We also maintained our focus on smart value. Given the success of our Crazy Thursday promotion in the second half of last year, we are continuing to utilize this as our signature promotion. With an integrated approach to campaign planning and execution, this promotion has succeed in driving strong incremental sales and profit.
In digital, we continue to focus on enhancing customer engagement by further integrating online platforms with offline stores. Our members grew to over 175 million by the end of the quarter, up 50 million year-over-year and up 15 million since the end of 2018. Members accounted for 49% of our sales already, up 11 percentage points on first quarter 2018. As we showed in our Investor Day presentation, our digital membership is driving significant increase in average spending per active user. Digital payments account for about 87% of KFC sales in the first quarter, 13 percentage points up on first quarter 2018.
In March, we also partnered with UnionPay to launch YUMC Pay (ph) (foreign language) which creates another convenience payment option for our customers. We ran a successful promotion which generated strong social media buzz, at (inaudible) and most importantly sales and member uptake. Digital order attained a full 55% of sales during the first quarter.
One of our exciting new developments during the quarter was the national rollout of our AI-enabled personalized menus and recommendations for all mobile pre-orders. We saw a meaningful acceptance of tray of (ph) recommendations. We will continue to refine this tool and I believe it represents a huge opportunity to improve customer experience and satisfaction while also improving ticket average.
We continue to offer our privilege subscription programs to build loyalty, consumer frequency and average span. We sold over 1 million privilege program subscriptions in the first quarter of 2019. One of our popular options is our super privilege, which combines delivery, breakfast and coffee privilege programs. This generates significant cross-selling opportunities.
Delivery, similarly remains a key sales growth driver that caters to the evolving dining habits of Chinese consumers. We have begun rolling out our improved dispatch system which we call Delivery 3.0. We expect the improved efficiencies and delivery quality enabled by ongoing enhancements to our delivery capabilities will support the ongoing growth of this key sales driver.
In the first quarter, Delivery represented 18% of sales, up 4 percentage points year-over-year. As a result of our digital initiatives the sales growth of delivery orders through our own channels continue to exceed growth rate via aggregators. KFCs commitment to a smart value, continuous innovation in menu and dayparts and leadership in digital and delivery have created defensible profitable growth. We will pursue an aggressive store opening program for the remainder of 2019. Looking ahead we remain very excited about KFCs long runway for growth in China.
Next I'll provide some color on Pizza Hut's performance. As we shared in our Investor Day, we are continuing to implement the Pizza Hut revitalization program in 2019 with a focus on rolling out transformative initiatives at scale. We are pleased to see positive same-store sales and strong traffic during the quarter, as well as a notable improvement in operating profit.
I will provide some more detail on Pizza Hut's performance in each of the four pillars that we have mentioned many times in the past. And they are fixing the fundamentals, driving digital, optimizing delivery and enhancing asset portfolio.
First, let's look at the fundamentals. A key component of our revitalization program is to improve our food taste and value for money perception. We launched our updated and streamlined new permanent menu in March. We have been systematically launching new limited time offers or LTO to trial new and improved menu options, and adding the most popular items to the permanent menu. Products such as Australian beef pizza, steak platter and volcano cake. In Chinese we call it (Foreign Language) were notable additions.
We enhanced key categories such as appetizers, pasta and drinks. Our key Chinese New Year special was the enormous thin crust 4-in1 pizza, (Foreign Language) pizza to cater to holiday sharing occasions. This generated excellent buzz on social media. We also offered customers great valuable for money with combo meals targeted at small and large groups. We are very focused on improving our valuable for money perception, introducing new value items and implementing a series of value-based promotions.
Following the pilot in December last year, we launched our signature value promotion screen, Wednesday or (Foreign Language) nationally in January. Select items were offered at RMB19, RMB29 or RMB39 every Wednesday. We have seen positive results with the campaign generating excitement and driving new customers and incremental sales. We will continue building that Screen Wednesday platform in 2019 introducing new products with disruptive value.
Our consumer feedback scores for both value for money and most preferred Western casual dining restaurant continued to improve during the quarter. We are also making progress with a number of efficiency initiatives enabled by disruptive technology, our large digital membership and our scale. During the quarter we significantly improved labor productivity and lowered our cost of sales, while maintaining and improving our service and quality. This led to an improvement in margin, which Jacky will elaborate on further in a moment.
Next let's look at digital. Pizza Hut continues to make rapid progress by implementing learning from KFC, which is a digital pioneer in the restaurant industry in China. We launched our digital membership nationally only back to (ph) 2017 for Pizza Hut and by end of the first quarter this year we have over 55 million members, up 15 million year-over-year and 5 million since the end of 2018.
Our family privilege program launched late last year has proved very popular as well, with over 1 million members. We have observed a meaningful increase in frequency and sales for members. We plan to build on this success in the rest of the year with new co-branding partnerships and new offers. Pizza Hut also ran promotions in conjunction with UnionPay to promote the YUMC Pay as well. This campaign was also very successful in driving new member acquisition, new app download, as well as sales in both dining and delivery.
Turning to delivery, we continue to see double-digit growth and it accounted for 24% of Pizza Hut sales already, up 2 percentage points year-over-year. Growth in delivery orders through our own channels significantly outpaced growth via aggregators. During the quarter we completed the installation of dedicated delivery areas in above 75% of our dining restaurants. These areas helped to provide faster service to our delivery customers without disrupting our dining customers.
As we previously highlighted in the fourth quarter earnings call, we have taken back control of last mile delivery with all of our orders now being fulfilled by our own team of dedicated riders. Pizza Hut has also begun rolling out our latest delivery dispatch system, Delivery 3.0. Combined these two initiatives are driving significant improvement in KPIs such as on-time delivery, complaint rates and customer satisfaction.
Lastly, we continue to enhance our asset portfolio through accelerated remodels and multiple store formats. To provide a more comfortable and stylish dining environment we contact to do 500 remodels in 2019 and to complete the refresh of our entire portfolio by 2021. We refurbished 28 stores in the first quarter and will accelerate the pace in the rest of the year. We have further optimized the cost of refurbishment and we are seeing a positive response from customers with a post refurbishments sales uplift.
We built 34 new stores in the first quarter of 2019 compared to 41 in the same period of 2018. Together, these revitalization initiatives are having a positive impact on the brand. In the short-term and long-term it's encouraging to see the same store sales growth in the first quarter. Yet more work needs to be done to sustain the positive trend given the scale of the business and the competitive environment.
Lastly, turning to our new stand-alone coffee concept, COFFii & JOY, we had the concept at five stores in four new cities in the first quarter, taking us to 18 stores and doubling the number of cities we are in. We also entered into an agreement with WeWork, one of the leading co-working office space providers in China to provide coffee in 15 offices in Shanghai and Beijing. As we outlined in our Investor Day, the coffee market is large and attractive segment in China. And we will leverage our strength in our supply chain, new store development and digital capabilities to capture this new opportunity. We are continuing to test different formats and remain excited about the potential of this category.
With that, I hand over the call to our CFO, Jacky, who will cover our financial performance in more detail.
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Thank you, Joey. Good day everyone and thank you for joining us. Let me quickly go over our first quarter 2019 financial results. Total revenues reached $2.3 billion in the quarter, up 10% year-over-year excluding foreign exchange translation. Total system sales grew 9% year-over-year ex-FX, primarily due to strong same-store sales growth and a series of new store openings at KFC as well as improving sales at Pizza Hut.
We opened 237 new stores during the quarter, an average of well over two stores per day and the majority were KFC stores. Our portfolio is now 8,653 restaurants as of the end of March 2019. Looking at our current pipeline, we are confident that our gross new openings will exceed the top end of our original target of 600 to 650, and we'll provide additional detail as we get greater visibility on our second half pipeline.
During the quarter, KFC year-over-year system sales grew 11%, while Pizza Hut system sales increased 3%, both excluding foreign exchange translation. Yum China same-store sales increased 4% with KFC same-store sales grew 5% despite lapping three consecutive years of positive same-store sales growth. And Pizza Hut achieved same-store sales growth of 1%, the first time since 2017, and a significant improvement compared to 2018.
During the quarter, KFC traffic increased 3% year-over-year, while ticket average increased 2% year-over-year due to pricing offset by increased promotions. Pizza Hut traffic increased 8% year-over-year and was positive for both dining and delivery businesses, as a result of successful value promotions and digital initiatives. Ticket average decreased 7% year-over-year as a result of our focus on driving value perception and the growing share of delivery.
KFC restaurant margin was under pressure at 20% versus 20.9% in the first quarter of 2018. Positive sales leverage and labor productivity improvement, partially offset commodity inflation, including the previously flagged pressure from higher poultry prices, as well as wage inflation and value promotions.
Pizza Hut restaurant margin improved to 14.3% in the first quarter, up 3.8 percentage points year-over-year. Significant efforts to improve labor efficiency and reduce restaurant operating costs in areas such as utilities more than offset the impact of value promotions and wage inflation. Overall, Yum China restaurant margin was 18.5%, up 0.6 percentage points compared to the 17.9% report during the same period last year.
Wage inflation was up 6%, while commodity inflation was up 3% compared to the same period last year, with poultry inflation being the major driver of commodity inflation. While we are actively working to manage the significant poultry price increase, we expect the impact will remain over the rest of 2019. G&A expense was up 5% year-over-year ex-FX, up 3% when excluding one-off benefits in both periods. Our long-term goal remains to maintain a G&A expense growth rate lower than the revenue growth rate.
As a result of implementing the new lease accounting standard ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019, we conduct an additional impairment review in the first quarter, resulting in an impairment charge of $12 million. Operating profit for the first quarter of 2019 decreased 23% year-over-year or $66 million. When excluding the gain of $98 million from the remeasurement of our previously held equity interest at Wuxi KFC in the first quarter of 2018 and the negative impact of foreign exchange translation due to the depreciation of renminbi against the U.S. dollar, adjusted operating profit increased 9% year-over-year. For the first quarter of 2019, KFC operating profit increased 3% year-over-year and Pizza Hut operating profit improved 57%, both ex-FX.
Based on the release of final regulations related to the transition tax under the US Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, we record a tax charge of $8 million in the quarter. Our effective tax rate during the first quarter, when excluding this transition tax charge will be 26.5%. Our best estimate of the effective tax rate in 2019 continues to be below 28%.
Finally diluted EPS was $0.57 in the first quarter of 2019 compared to $0.72 in the same period last year. Adjusted diluted EPS was $0.59 compared to $0.53 in the same period last year. The current quarter adjusted diluted EPS includes a marked-to-market gain of $0.02 per share from our equity investment in H1.
Next let me cover our capital allocation strategy. In the first quarter of 2019 we generate net cash from operations of $344 million and free cash flow of $234 million after subtracting $110 million in capital expenditures. Our balance sheet remains strong with over $1.5 billion in cash and short-term investments. With our healthy cash position, we returned $111 million to our shareholders in the first quarter, including a cash dividend of $46 million and share repurchases of $65 million.
There's approximately $900 million remaining under the share repurchase authorization as of the end of March 2019. Based on our current quarterly dividend and existing share repurchase authorization, we have the capacity to return at least $1.5 billion to shareholders over the next three years, reflecting our confidence in our business model and our ability to generate cash.
Given our attractive growth opportunities and continued strong returns from new builds, our first priority will continue to be reinvesting in the core business, with CapEx for the full year expect to be in the range of $450 million to $500 million. Looking forward, we remain very excited about the long-term opportunities in the China market. We will drive same-store sales growth and leverage our leading development capabilities to expand our store network.
However, please note that KFC's exceptional same-store sales performance in the first quarter was primarily due to very strong execution during the Chinese New Year period. And it may be difficult to replicate that level of growth through the remainder of the year.
As I previously discussed, pressure on margins from higher poultry prices is expect to remain over the rest of the year. Of course, we'll look to mitigate this impact as much as possible by leveraging technology, our scale and our efficiency initiatives. At Pizza Hut, we are very encouraged by the progress of our brand revitalization program. But do note that there may be quarterly fluctuations as we continue to rollout the initiatives at scale and the revitalization takes hold.
In the first quarter, better matching of labor to demand during the Chinese New Year period led to an improvement in restaurant margin that may not be repeated in subsequent quarters. In addition, the aggressive program of 500 remodels during the year will put pressure on sales and operating profit in the short-term, but this is an important component of the long-term revitalization of the brand.
With that, let me turn it back to Joey briefly before we open up the call to questions.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Jacky. To sum up, 2019 got off to a good start with strong execution during our critical Chinese New Year sales period. I want to take this opportunity to thank our operations team who are at the front line of our business as well as all the supporting functions for their hard work. KFC continues to perform strongly as a very resilient and defensible profitable business model, and is well positioned to manage market uncertainties. We see a long runway for growth for KFC as we continue to add new units across the country and drive same-store sales growth through daypart expansion and delivery,
We are seeing multiple positive signals in our revitalization of Pizza Hut, with positive same-store sales, significantly improved traffic and improved profitability, as well as positive trends in customer feedback. We know there's more work to do, but we remain confident in the revitalization plan for Pizza Hut. At our Investor Day in March, we outlined our commitment to our vision of becoming the world's most innovative restaurant company and demonstrated the powerful impact that innovation has on driving growth.
By adapting to our customers' needs and utilizing new technologies, Yum China is focused on relentlessly driving defensible, profitable growth. For those of you who were not able to join us at March, I encourage you to review the presentations and webcast available on our webcast. With that I'll pass you back to Florence to start the Q&A. Thank you.
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
Thanks Joey. We will now open the call for questions. In order to give as many people as possible the chance to ask questions, please limit your questions to one at a time. Rachel please start the Q&A.
Questions and Answers:
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Your first question comes from the line of Sara Senatore from Bernstein. Please ask your questions.
Sara Senatore -- Bernstein Research -- Analyst
Thank you. I just wanted to follow-up on a comment you said on demand environment, we've heard from another Western QSR saying that it also is seeing intensified competition around value. But that it's also seeing a stabilization or improvement in its own trend. So I'm just trying to reconcile what I think we're hearing about the environment with a couple of data points that say that companies themselves are doing better.
So do you think you're seeing something where sales (ph) players are taking a lot of share from smaller independent? Is it local concepts that are losing some of that traffic? And is the distinction -- is it a better value proposition that you're offering? Is it the digital piece? Just trying to understand how it is that the environment is getting more competitive, but your businesses are improving.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Sara. It's very difficult to comment on the environment, but the good news is we definitely have seen KFC continues to be a very resilient business model in a range of demand environment. From competitors' side or in the market we -- or from the customer demand we certainly see the customer demand for good value products, but that's not enough. And what we have learned in the last few decades is a combination of fantastic products and great value.
So it's the combination that give great value for money for the customers. And then at the store is the execution, is the day-to-day operation. So for us, we just continue to focus on what we are good at and what we see customer want is great product, great value, really good operation, exciting marketing campaign. And then of course supported by the digital innovation which comes in both marketing and operation.
So it's a combination of the key value proposition that customer want. It is very hard to sort of single out one particular reason really. So I hope that gives you a feel of the competition that we are in and what we do to please our customers really.
Sara Senatore -- Bernstein Research -- Analyst
Thanks.
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
Next question please?
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Michelle Cheng from Goldman Sachs. Please ask your question.
Michelle Cheng -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Hi management. Congrats for the good results. My question is about coffee pressure, especially for KFC. We noted that in the first quarter the food costs increased significantly and as you have been mentioned that chicken price will continue to be pressured. But also understanding from third quarter last year we launched this Crazy Thursday event. So is it possible to help us split the impact between these value for money promotion versus the chicken price impact. And also I think earlier we guided full year like low single-digit commodity inflation. Are we still maintaining these expectations? Thank you.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
I think Jacky, you want to --?
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Yes, well, Mitchell maybe I'll just give you some additional colors in terms of the KFC restaurant margin in this quarter. I can go through line by line. So overall if you look at KFC restaurant margin it was down about one percentage point year-over-year. So we mentioned both on the Q4 earnings call as well as the Investor Day, poultry inflation will put some pressure on the restaurant margin.
So initially we said at least in the first half of 2019, but right now based on the current trend we expect it would continue for the remainder of the year. So overall obviously KFC has sales leverage from the 5% same-store sales growth in Q1, but that was offset by inflation and promotions, for example like Crazy Thursday.
So let me give some additional colors line by line. So first on food and paper cost, since the Crazy Thursday promotion was so well received by customers we continued the promotional activities in Q1. So that actually put some pressure on the margin on the food cost. But commodity inflation was also mid-single digit this quarter due to the increased poultry prices, which is higher than the typical low single-digit we saw in prior quarters.
And on labor cost, so there was obviously labor inflation. It was high single-digit, and we have worked very diligently on the labor productivity and also in-store efficiency to offset that impact. And so -- I mean looking forward in terms of chicken price, the market price were up about 30% year-over-year, but for KFC we managed to keep the price increase at low double-digit in Q1.
So with our long-term relationship with our suppliers, we were able to negotiate lower than market price increase during times of very high poultry inflation. And we also benefit a bit from the lag effect due to the inventories from the chicken we procured in the fourth quarter of 2018. So as I just mentioned the commodity inflation was about 5% this quarter which is higher than normal and so we expect this continue for the rest of the year.
But keep in mind poultry is only one of many commodities in KFC and we'll continue to optimize our product mix and look for alternative cuts of chicken or alternative protein. So -- and look, I mean, we face inflation every year and price volatility is nothing new to us. So we have managed it very well for the last 30 plus years.
But in terms of your question on inflation, so in this quarter wage inflation was about 6%. So high single-digit for KFC and low single-digit for Pizza Hut -- mid-single digit for Pizza Hut and commodity was 3%. So as I just mentioned it was 5% for KFC and a slight deflation for Pizza Hut. But looking forward we maintain the guidance that we provided. So for the full year we still expect low-single digit commodity inflation and high-single digit labor inflation.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Jacky. Michelle, maybe I'll provide a little bit color on this one. So for our Crazy Thursday promotion, since last year we have been able to find products with very good cost economics. Therefore we are able to maintain the margin despite the challenges of poultry price increase. And as Jacky mentioned, we will continue to find sort of alternative products to promote during the Crazy Thursday. And of course the crazy Thursday the sales leverage helped the margin as well. So net-net it was down and we'll continue to manage that for the rest of the year. Thank you, Michelle.
Michelle Cheng -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Thank you very much.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Brian Bittner from Oppenheimer. Please ask your question.
Michael Tamas -- Oppenheimer & Co. -- Analyst
Hi thanks. This is Mike Tamas on for Brian. Just wanted to talk about the Pizza Hut margins a little more. You had great margins in the first quarter. So I'm just wondering how much of that can actually continue throughout the year or were there some very specific things that are siloed to the first quarter that aren't going to repeat for the rest of the year? Thanks.
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Sure, Mike. So if you look at Pizza Hut restaurant margin, it was up almost 4 percentage point year-over-year. So again, let me go through line by line. So in terms of food and paper cost, our investment in promotional activities and value campaigns, such as Scream Wednesday, has been a very critical component of our strategy to drive traffic and offer value for money to customers.
So with a step up in value promotion in this quarter, so we are very pleased to see that Pizza Hut restored positive same-store sales growth and continue to see significant traffic growth. But albeit that put some pressure on our restaurant margin for the short-term. And the sales leverage and commodity deflation have to offset the impact of the value promotion.
So on labor costs, labor inflation was mid-single digit year-over-year, and we had significant improvement in labor productivity during the quarter. But some of this is ongoing -- a significant portion is related to better matching of labor and sales during the critical Chinese New Year period, which I talked about earlier during the prepared remarks. So -- and on occupancy and other costs, there are few components in this line item, but the improvement mainly came from a combination of savings in utility, from lower utility price, and the efficiency management, and also less depreciate expense from all the stores impairment we took (ph) in prior years.
So in addition, I want to point out one point before we took back control of the last mile delivery in the latter part of 2018, the rider costs were amounts we paid to aggregators, and they were record under occupancy and other costs, for example, in Q1 last year. But with the delivery being handled by own dedicated riders now, the rider costs have been included under cost of labor, for example, in this quarter.
Looking forward and for the remainder of the year, over at a high level we will just continue to drive labor productivity, and improved in-store efficiency, reduce restaurant operating costs, and manage and tighten cost of sales to offset all the value promotions that we will take and also wage inflation. However, due to the one-off items I just talked about, for example, the labor productivity, so keep in mind we have a very low base last year. We talked about that extensively on Q1 last year's earnings call.
So the year-over-year improvement is expect to taper off. And also the utility savings that we talk about, we expect that impact to reduce in the second half of the year. So also we are adjusting the business model, and we have a very clear and deliberate strategy in the short-term to drive traffic through investment and promotions. So I just want to reiterate at this point our strategy is to restore traffic and sales followed by profit, but in the longer term as the revitalization takes hold we are very confident in restoring the margin back to the revitalization level.
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
Thank you, Mike.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Chen Luo from Bank of America Merrill Lynch.
Chen Luo -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Thank you, and congratulations on the solid Q1 result. Just now, we comment that KFC's very strong same-store sales growth in Q1 cannot be an indicator for the full year same-store sales growth. But in fact, heading to the coming two quarters, we actually are facing a very easy lap. So what actually makes us give a pretty cautious guidance of same-store sales growth for the rest of the year? Is there anything that we have seen, i.e. conditional or other factors that actually makes us a bit cautious.
And also related to that question, given the rising pressure of the chicken cost, are we actually going to reduce the promotional intensity, especially in view of the easy lap to keep up better productivity (ph) between same-store sales growth gross and margins for KFC? Thank you.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you, Luo Chen. For the lapping, for management, there's no such thing called easy lap to be honest. If we look at the three years CAGR, Q1 for KFC the last three year was 5%. And Q2, actually for three years CAGR actually was 4%. And then if we look at last year numbers, last year we have very exceptional Q1 and then Q2 was relatively flat, as well. So we are quite cautious over three years' time, the last lapping is still not so easy, it's still a challenge. So we just sort of have a bit of caution about simple extrapolation of the trend for Q1.
The business, particularly for KFC the momentum is good. The business is doing well and it has proven to be very resilient. But we must always be prepared to respond to unexpected conditions rapidly. Of course, our business is structured and agile to do, but we still have to be cautious.
Regarding your question about less promotion, given the high poultry price, as Jacky mentioned earlier, as I mentioned earlier, the way that we support the Crazy Thursday -- basically there are two ways to support it. One is, we look for products that have very good cost economics. So that is a win-win-win situation, is a win situation for us, is a win situation for our supplier, is a win situation for customers.
Alternatively, we will look for some sort of ingredient that probably has not been used before like (inaudible), which we tried in the last quarter. So we are looking for an exciting product with good cost economics that please the customers. Driving traffic is very important, and as I mentioned at the very beginning the first question, responding to Sara, smart value is still very important to our customers, as we have seen from last year and the Q1 this year. So we'll manage the balance of the sales and margin. But I just want to emphasize smart value with exciting products is still incredibly important to our customers. Thank you, Lou Chen.
Chen Luo -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Thank you Joey.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Xiaopo Wei from Citigroup. Please ask your question.
Xiaopo Wei -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Joey, Jacky, good morning, congratulations on strong result. My question is focused on the restaurant margin, if we look at the restaurant margin of both KFC and Pizza Hut, we're seeing that the occupancy and other operating expenses to sales ratio actually was down year-on-year, in each of the division. My understanding is a benefit from strong delivery. And also your better efficiency, maybe some smaller size of new store which open last year.
So I'm seeing this component were offsetting on a negative impact of the higher poultry cost pressure looking forward. Shall we see this kind of trend will continue in the next few quarters mitigating the impact of commodity cost? And also accelerated openings in the rest of the year. Thank you.
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Yeah Xiaopo. So first of all let me just give some additional colors on the occupancy and other costs. So this line item actually include a few components. So advertising and marketing expenses, utility expenses, rental expense, depreciation expense, the license fee we paid to Yum! Brands and all the other miscellaneous restaurant-related costs.
So the improvement in this particular quarter was mainly due to obviously sales leverage. And also I talked about earlier the utility savings from lower utility price and efficiency management, which we started last year. And also there's less depreciation expense after the stores impairment we took in prior years. And also for KFC there was savings in advertising and marketing expenses, because we are shifting from the traditional mass media to a digital and targeted marketing.
I touched on this briefly earlier also for Pizza Hut, you see a significant improvement, it's because we took back the last mile of the delivery. So there was a classification difference quarter-to-quarter. So in last year's Q1, all these delivery riders (ph) costs were in occupancy and other costs, but in this quarter is in the cost of labor. And looking forward, we expect some savings in occupancy and other costs in the first half of 2019. But it will gradually reduce due to the lapping year-over-year.
And in terms of poultry, initially we expect the inflation to be high in the first half and then it will gradually tail off in the second half. But right now, looking at the current trend, we expect maybe there'll be some continuous pressure throughout the rest of the year. So -- but occupancy and others I already talked about is going to -- the impact will taper off. So it may not necessarily, like offset each other.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
But Xiaopo, I sense your sort of -- your assumption behind the question whether the smaller store have some correlation with all the savings. I think generally, we can have that assumption, because for the new stores that we are opening in both KFC and Pizza Hut, we certainly go into a direction of smaller, faster and more delivery friendly stores. As you can imagine with smaller stores or faster store basically smaller store and we -- management has done a lot to reduce the investment per store. So the combined effect is lower depreciation, lower rent, lower utility just because we are more strategic about the type of the new stores that we are opening.
So I think if my sense of your assumption behind your question, I would say, yes, generally there is such correlation. I hope we answered your question or my assumed question of your question.
Xiaopo Wei -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Yes. So Joey, I just want to clarify. So why I asked the question is because last year we have accelerated opening. And Jacky also mentioned in the presentation that we will accelerate openings this year as well. But if we look at the fourth quarter results for the margin, actually, we didn't see a lot of impact on the restaurant margin due to new opening as we've seen other global retailers in the same scenarios. That's why we asked the question.
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Yes, Xiaopo, I mean, maybe I can answer this and then Joey, you can elaborate as well. So I mean, yes, I mean, we talked about us continuing to accelerate new builds for KFC. So the main reason is to capture market share. So that helps to drive the strong system sales and operating profit you see in this quarter, the significant growth. But all these new units, especially in China, because of our first mover advantage, but also they will be dilutive due to the time it takes to nurture these stores and until maturity.
So there'll be some short-term pressure on the restaurant margin for sure, from all this -- from this accelerated new unit development strategy. And also for Pizza Hut, I mean, I want to also talk about the remodel. So as we talk about, we're going to aggressively remodel about 500 stores this year. And in the first quarter, we only remodeled about 28 stores. So they are still over 470 plus stores that we have not remodeled.
So right now we are looking, maybe wait toward Q2 and Q4, we'll actually ramp up the remodel, because Q3 is the summer rush period. So we want to maybe scale toward Q2 and Q4. So obviously, over the years, we have improved the speed and the cost of the remodel, but nonetheless, it's going to put some pressure on sales and operating profit. So -- because there will be low sales for period of time.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
During the time we close the store for remodeling.
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
So yeah, also overall the accelerated new builds, that remodels all these initiatives will put pressure on the margin.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Initial.
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Yeah, initial term, right.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Term, yeah. Thank you Xiaopo.
Xiaopo Wei -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Thank you.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Lillian Lou from Morgan Stanley. Please ask your question.
Lillian Lou -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Hey, thanks management. Because most of the questions were answered. So I have a bit follow-up on coffee, because I think, Joey since March, the Corporate Day, I think the company formally put coffee as one pillar for growth in the long-term. So I know that you share a little bit more information about the progress. But could you give us a little bit more idea of in terms of cups of coffee sold year-to-date compared to last year. And also you start to do office delivery type of coffee, is this under COFFii & JOY or is under K Coffee or actually we're doing both? Thank you.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Lillian, hi, good morning. For the Q1 that cups sold index was 126 (ph) . So this is for KFC. And then for COFFii & JOY we have not start to turn it that way yet because it's still early days. We look at how many stores we open. We have opened five more store for Q1. So right now we are at 18 stores altogether.
So for delivery we have been doing delivering delivery for COFFii & JOY and K Coffee, but mainly K Coffee really. So Lillian just for your question about delivery just want to make sure I answer your question are you more curious on C&J part or the K Coffee there.
Lillian Lou -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
I think both.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Okay. K Coffee we've been good in K Coffee since 2015. And we are very pleased to see the scale of the business and the growth rate. And the proposition is mainly -- it be how (ph) coffee is a cup of good coffee with good price.
So we'll continue to drive it in KFC. We'll strengthen the branding a bit because we can see the potential in it. And delivery has been part of the business, because we deliver K Coffee together with breakfast and other food. And for C&J the coffee delivery business it's still early days really. We have to figure out the business model as we speak. So it's a bit early. But we do some kind of -- we do delivery.
We also mentioned in my presentation earlier that we work with WeWork. So the coffee -- WeWork is not delivery. We actually have our lovely coffee machine with the beans that produce coffee in the WeWork offices in Shanghai and then later on would be Beijing. So as you can see, because C&J is such a new concept in terms of business in terms of store model, business model, delivery model or even B2B model, which still is growing and we will report that when we have more concrete conclusion, and then we will roll it out if we are convinced that -- I mean I hope I answered your question on that. But for further more detailed question, our IR team can follow up with you afterwards. (Multiple speakers) nobody asked about pizza.
Operator
Your next question comes from the line of Anne Ling from Deutsche Bank. Please ask your question.
Anne Ling -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Hi, management team. Just want to check on -- in the call and also during the Investor Day you mentioned a couple of times regarding like on the use of alternative protein. Is it a new category that you're going to come out? Or would you elaborate a little bit more on what is that, that will help ease some of this chicken price increase? Thank you.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Sure. Well, Anne, we in the Investor Day we mentioned about let's say (foreign language) which is a part of the chicken that we somehow have not used in the last 30 some years, which is always amusing to ourselves. So that is the piece of chicken between the chicken wing and the chicken breast. So we will continue to explore with the introduction of new technology, can we find another way to cut our chicken and introduce very good cost economic product to our customer.
I'll give you another example, for example, shrimp and crayfish, traditionally these are pretty expensive protein. Relative to chicken price right now suddenly they look fine. And the economics work out again. I'll give you another example, it's coming soon. So I am happy to do the advertisement here. We're going to possibly have some duck in our product, probably the wrap. So other than our famous chicken wraps we are going to introduce a duck wrap. It just seems logical with the flavor that we already established and explore with customer.
So these are sort of the examples that we can share at this point. And then, we of course continue to search for other alternative protein alternatives such as sea food or stuff, et cetera, to make our customers happy. I hope that makes sense.
Anne Ling -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Yes, yes definitely. And on Pizza Hut, on the same-store sales trend, now that we have a positive for this quarter, do you think that we should be seeing continuous improvement that will more stabilize, that same-store sales is more sustainable or like we might still see some volatility throughout the quarter?
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you for entertaining me by asking me a question about Pizza Hut. We -- of course, we are quite happy to see the positive sales turn finally happen. It's a very clear sign of a good momentum of the business turnaround.
What I want to comment is when we embarked on the revitalization journey back to May 2017, we have focused on four areas, which we're all familiar with right now. And four areas effort that we work on they are all, what I will call short-term, painful, but long-term beneficial to our business. So back to 2017, one of the four pillars is that delivery is really delivering very good same-store sales that lift the entire business. By 2018 the improvement of delivery is no longer enough to support the decline in dining, but we continue to focus on the other three pillars such as digital, such as asset and the fundamental such as menu.
And all four area in terms of the painful changes have bear fruit. What I want to say is the 2018 -- 2019 Q1 the momentum is the aggregated result of some fundamental changes in all four areas. Delivery wise it's not only just promotion, we integrate, we took back last mile delivery and we integrated pizza home service and pizza dining. And we went all the effort to put dedicated delivery areas in 75% of our dining assets. So these are all very, very big and fundamental change.
And then fundamentals such as the menu, the menu originally we have 120 items on the menu. But the new menu, we introduced March 2018, there are only 77 items. And among the 77 items, only about a quarter of them are from the previous menu. The rest of the product -- on the 77 item is either new products that we launched over last two years through LTOs, and proven to be good products or upgrade products. So again, huge effort to reduce the menu and to upgrade -- and to improve the three quarters of the menu.
And then, we come to the digital side, we start the super app, we launched the membership program. Now we have 55 million. And then we launched a privilege program, significantly improved the digital capability of Pizza Hut. And last fundamentally the assets we look at alternative design and we start to modernize the store and then we have many innovations in our store, business model -- store models as well.
So all these are fundamental changes. I mean, we -- for your question about whether the positive change can sustain or not, it's very hard to predict the market uncertainties. What we can control is the fundamental aspect of the business that we can change. And I would like to believe that we have such fundamental change of the business will help in the short and long-term. But our business -- the seasonality is a factor in our business. So the quarterly fluctuation might happen, but in the long-term we are confident in our business for Pizza Hut. Thank you, Anne.
Anne Ling -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Thank you. Thank you.
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
One last question?
Operator
Your last question comes from the line of Christine Peng from UBS. Please ask your question.
Christine Peng -- UBS -- Analyst
Hi, management. Congratulate on a great result. I have two questions regarding the store opening strategies of KFC and Pizza Hut. Regarding KFC, so Joey in your earlier presentation you mentioned about the gas station plan with one of the oil companies in China. So can you elaborate the details in terms of the number of stores, in terms of the store revenue contributions profitability, et cetera? And what's different between these stores and the traditional stores KFC has? I think that's the first question I have.
The second question is regarding Pizza Hut, so basically first quarter is very strong quarter and I think it's also is better than management previous guidance. So given this situation would you consider opening more Pizza Hut stores going forward? And I think you mentioned about hub and spoke model on Investor Day. So what is the new thought behind this? Thank you management.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Okay. Thank you, Christine. For the strategic partnership there is a little bit update since our last meeting at the Investor Day, as you recall we have entered into exclusive right in franchisee business with CNPC, but we also get the right of first refusal for both Sinopec and CNPC for about 20 years. And we also shared about our prudent approach that we want to figure out the business model first before we become specific on the economics and the details.
And right now, the update is we are testing one store, and then we are identifying more suitable locations. So the aim is to open 100 stores in the next three years. So I understand this is a modest goal given the fact that both great companies have 50,000 gas station all over China. But we believe once we take out (ph) the gas station we do have the credibility and ability to scale up pretty quickly.
What's the difference between old and new? The first difference I can imagine is it will be -- it's likely to be slightly smaller than our sort of normal store, but at the same time within our store business model we have eight or nine business model and we do have the small store model already. So the size wise it probably will be sort of smaller. And then it will be sort of more, a very focused on the convenience as you can imagine because it's important in this kind of location, for the detail specific and we are testing it right now.
For the Pizza Hut, you're right to point it out that the store opening plan or number is related to business performance. As you can see historically in KFC's number we opened 191 store this quarter, we opened 144 store last year Q1 and we opened 85 stores Q1 the year before if I remember my numbers correctly. So you can see as the business improve we do ramp up the new store opening.
So Pizza Hut for this year we have modest target for the new store opening, but if the business improve, obviously according to our own internal new store opening target the more pipeline can pass the requirement then might have more stores -- more stores might be opened. But I mean, Jacky have mentioned in various occasion usually we'll have more visibility of the new store opening numbers after Q2, during the second half of the year.
For your question about hub and spoke, we are excited about innovations in store models. That's important part of the business. So this is one of our innovations this year. And so far I can report that we have about 15 hub and spoke stores opened already. So all of these stores are open -- have only been open for less than three months. So there's still a lot to learn and a lot to tweak.
But the initial observation is positive. As you can imagine the smaller store lower investment give us more flexibility to open stores in different region and that flexibility is always good for business with our scale. So I think that's what I can report for the time being. So by next earnings release when we have more visibility hopefully we can share more. Thank you so much, Christine.
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
Thank you everyone. Thank you. Thank you Christine. Thank you everyone. Thank you for joining the call today. We look forward to speaking with you on the next earnings call. That concludes today's call. Have a great day. Thanks, Rachel.
Operator
Thank you.
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Thank you all.
Operator
Ladies and gentlemen that concludes our call for today. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.
Duration: 71 minutes
Call participants:
Florence Lip -- Senior Director, Investor Relations
Joey Wat -- Chief Executive Officer
Jacky Lo -- Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Sara Senatore -- Bernstein Research -- Analyst
Michelle Cheng -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst
Michael Tamas -- Oppenheimer & Co. -- Analyst
Chen Luo -- Bank of America Merrill Lynch -- Analyst
Xiaopo Wei -- Citigroup -- Analyst
Lillian Lou -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst
Anne Ling -- Deutsche Bank -- Analyst
Christine Peng -- UBS -- Analyst
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