Individuals
According to the company's 2024 annual report, only one individual was listed as a principal shareholder:
Zheng Huang, 1.41 billion shares, 24.8% ownership
Zheng Huang, also known as Colin Huang, is the co-founder and former CEO of PDD Holdings. Now a billionaire, Huang was part of the team that launched Alphabet's (GOOG -1.48%)(GOOGL -1.44%) Google in China.
After founding PDD in 2015, which was Pinduoduo at the time, Huang stepped down as CEO in July 2020. He gave up his chairmanship the following year, leaving him no formal position in the company. He is now working on food and life sciences research, potentially building on Pinduoduo's innovation in food distribution.
PDD also says its group of nine directors and executive officers owns a combined 76.6 million shares of the stock, 1.3% of the shares outstanding.
Institutional shareholders
Pinduoduo lists two institutional shareholders in its annual report, although third-party sites cite others. Below are the company's top five institutional shareholders.
1. Tencent, 783.5 million shares, 13.8% of shares outstanding
Chinese tech giant Tencent (TCEHY -1.69%), best known as the parent of Chinese super app WeChat, is also a prolific investor, holding stakes in dozens of startups and publicly traded companies.
PDD calls it a collaborator, too, saying it uses WeChat and WeChat Pay in its business. Tencent CEO Haifeng Lin has been on the PDD board of directors since 2017. Tencent became a principal shareholder in PDD in 2017, prior to PDD's U.S. initial public offering (IPO) in 2018. PDD entered into a strategic cooperation agreement with Tencent in February 2018.