The Fourth of July. New Year's Eve. Toyotathon 2010. Causes for celebration, each and every one, but they've got nothing on the fireworks show that broke out at UQM Technologies (NYSE: UQM) yesterday.

In one frenzied day of trading, shares of the little alt-energy pioneer exploded upwards by 30%. Amazingly, it seems all of the fuss came from the publication of a single press release. In it, UQM announced that Audi has chosen it to supply electric drive motors for testing in its new "A1 e-tron" all-electric car. According to UQM, it's ready to produce as many as 40,000 such electric motors for Audi, but … will Audi buy 40,000 motors?

Bear thesis
This, of course, is the question. There's a big difference between being ready to produce a product, and having a buyer ready to pay for it. Right now, Audi is just testing the e-car concept. When Saab announced a similar deal with UQM last week, it placed an order for a grand total of 70 of UQM's motors. And even UQM says only that it is "part of" Audi's testing -- which suggests there are other companies competing. In short, this may not be the game-changer that UQM fans think it is.

Bull thesis
On the other hand, we're still early in the electric-car game -- despite General Electric's (NYSE: GE) highly publicized attempt to kick-start the industry last year. UQM saw competitors pulling ahead last summer, when automotive heavyweight Ford (NYSE: F) elected to go with an electric motor from Toshiba. But Ford's Electric Focus isn't on the road yet, and even those companies whose cars have entered the traffic stream -- General Motors (NYSE: GM) and its Chevy Volt, Tesla (Nasdaq: TSLA) and its Roadster, the Nissan Leaf -- are still in early stages of mass production.

Pioneering battery makers A123 (Nasdaq: AONE) and Ener1 (NYSE: HEV) are still duking it out for dominance. So why shouldn't one hope that UQM will find its place in this industry as well? At barely $130 million in market cap, UQM is still small enough that even a modest win could mean big things for shareholders. After all, "40,000 engines" would be just a drop in Audi's annual sales bucket of 1.09 million cars per year.

Foolish takeaway
When you consider further that the company came within a whisker's breadth of breaking even on its operations last quarter -- without a major contract to help it out -- it's not hard to imagine how profitable UQM could become once it finally wins one.

What do you think of the run-up at UQM? Head over to Motley Fool CAPS now, and tell us what you think about UQM.