Cons
- You don't actually own the real estate you're investing in.
- Instead of real estate appreciation, you're relying on dividend income.
- You have little to no say in how the company or properties are managed.
- You are exposed to the cyclical nature of real estate businesses.
Criteria to choose real estate stocks
It's important to carefully choose your real estate stocks, since there are so many available and not all can be winners. Different types of real estate stocks will have different metrics to examine. However, it's important to first understand their business so you can really think about the criteria that matter most to you.
For example, with a REIT, it's important to consider how much debt the company has relative to its assets and income. REITs will have debt, especially during a building phase. But a debt-to-asset ratio topping 40% is where things may get dicey.
If the market were to dry up, they would still need to pay their bills. You can gauge their income by examining funds from operations -- in fact, REITs are often evaluated by FFO per share.
Other real estate companies, such as homebuilders, may have significant inventory that you should carefully examine. If a homebuilder has more homes than they can sell, this could be a sign that deep discounting is coming, and losses may follow.
Real estate companies largely operate on commissions, so it's important to know the number of agents in the company, their income streams, and the reliability of their income streams.
For example, if a real estate company primarily works with residential clients, the number of new listings it can produce and close consistently will figure into its overall performance; one that simply does property management needs only steady, long-term clients.
Tips for investing in real estate stocks
Investing in real estate stocks is much like investing in anything else. You must choose companies that you believe in, those that align with your personal ethics and values and that you'd be proud to say you're an owner in. However, there are so many diverse kinds of real estate stocks that it's difficult to give blanket advice for all of them at once. Here are a few tips for each major type of real estate player:
REITs: REITs are the major players in the real estate space, for good reason. Check the dividend yield to ensure it's sustainable and consistent over time, ensure the REIT's debt isn't too high compared to direct competitors, and look at how much money it is actually making from funds from operations.