CoreWeave (CRWV 3.94%) quickly became one of the most talked-about names in the artificial intelligence (AI)-infrastructure space. With deep ties to Nvidia and a fast-growing base of enterprise clients like OpenAI and Microsoft, the company positioned itself as a key supplier in the AI compute boom.
However, behind the excitement lies a set of risks investors shouldn't ignore. CoreWeave's growth story is impressive, yet its capital intensity, customer concentration, and competitive exposure could all shape what comes next. Here's a closer look at the three most significant risks investors need to understand.
Image source: Getty Images.
Heavy capital requirements and cash burn
Building an AI-optimized cloud isn't cheap. CoreWeave's business depends on deploying thousands of Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs), building data centers, and maintaining ultra-high-speed networking infrastructure. These assets cost billions -- and the company has been financing them through debt, equity sales, and customer prepayments.
While the demand environment looks strong today, that spending pace comes with consequences. CoreWeave remains unprofitable, and operating cash flow remains deeply negative as it races to expand capacity. The company is effectively in a "build now, profit later" phase -- betting that future contracted revenue will offset current losses.
The risk is timing. If demand growth slows or financing costs rise, CoreWeave's capital intensity could quickly turn from strength to strain. Investors have seen this pattern before in other infrastructure buildouts -- from telecom networks in the 2000s to cloud data centers in the 2010s -- where early leaders spent heavily but struggled to sustain margins later on.
In short, CoreWeave is scaling fast, but the road to profitability may be longer and more volatile than current enthusiasm suggests.
Huge customer concentration
CoreWeave's list of clients reads like a who's who of AI -- OpenAI, Microsoft, and Meta Platforms, among them. Those names bring credibility, but there's also risk because a large portion of CoreWeave's revenue comes from just a handful of customers, with the top two accounting for 77% of total sales in 2024.
This kind of dependency can be dangerous in a young industry. If any of those customers decide to build in-house infrastructure, diversify to other providers, or negotiate tougher pricing, CoreWeave's revenue visibility could erode quickly.
The company's multiyear take-or-pay contracts help mitigate some of that risk but don't eliminate it. The AI landscape is evolving quickly, and big players have every incentive to reduce long-term reliance on external vendors once their own GPU supply stabilizes.
For now, CoreWeave benefits from scarcity -- GPUs are limited, and demand is exploding. But as supply catches up and hyperscalers expand their internal capacity, those dynamics could shift. Investors need to watch closely whether CoreWeave can broaden its customer base beyond a few giants.
Intensifying competition in AI infrastructure
CoreWeave may have carved out an early niche, but its moat isn't guaranteed. The cloud giants, including Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure, are all ramping up their GPU offerings, investing heavily in both Nvidia hardware and custom AI chips, like AWS' Trainium and Google's TPU.
These hyperscalers have far deeper pockets, larger global footprints, and long-standing enterprise relationships. Over time, they could absorb much of the demand CoreWeave currently serves, especially as pricing and performance converge.
At the same time, smaller GPU cloud start-ups are emerging with similar models. The space is becoming crowded, and price competition is likely to intensify once the initial GPU shortage eases. Even tech incumbents like Oracle emerged as legitimate contenders to capture a share in this growing industry.
For CoreWeave to defend its position, it will need to keep innovating and executing to delight its customers. A few missteps in scaling or customer delivery could open the door for competitors to catch up.
What does it mean for investors?
CoreWeave is one of the most exciting infrastructure stories of the AI era -- but it's also one of the most capital-intensive and competitive. Its deep relationships with Nvidia and OpenAI have given it an enviable head start. Yet investors should view this as a high-reward, high-risk bet, rather than a guaranteed long-term compounder.
The key questions going forward are straightforward:
- Can CoreWeave sustain its growth without overextending its balance sheet?
- Can it diversify beyond a few major customers?
- Can it maintain a technological edge as the hyperscalers move in?
If it executes well, CoreWeave could cement itself as the premier independent AI cloud provider. If not, it risks becoming another fast-growing infrastructure story that burned too bright, too fast.
Investors should consider both the upside and risks before rushing into buying the stock.
