Pop quiz, hot shot. Name the company that's most likely to be a 10-bagger by 2020.

It's a hard question. There isn't just one correct answer -- you can find three candidates here -- but it's easy to weed out some popular incorrect answers. 

If you named Google (Nasdaq: GOOG), ExxonMobil (NYSE: XOM), Amazon.com (Nasdaq: AMZN), or any other large-cap company, you're probably wrong. They're simply too big to grow tenfold in the next decade. My Foolish colleague Tim Hanson has shown year in and year out that a decade's biggest winners are small-cap stocks.

He found that the largest grower of the last 10 years, beverage company Hansen Natural (Nasdaq: HANS), was almost a 50-bagger. Even at 50 times its original market capitalization, Hansen is a $3 billion company -- about one-twentieth the size of Amazon.com, one-sixtieth the size of Google, and less than one-hundredth the size of ExxonMobil.

It gets better
Besides having room to grow, small caps have another hidden feature. They are more volatile than their large-cap brethren. This can lead to fluctuations that are absolutely heartbreaking for investors with low risk tolerances. But for those of us with higher risk tolerance, the volatility provides opportunity.

As we've seen recently, large-cap stocks can be quite volatile, too. When their price losses significantly outstrip the market's, though, there's usually something terribly amiss. The recent roller coaster rides by General Electric (NYSE: GE), Ford (NYSE: F), and Bank of America (NYSE: BAC) remind us of this.

All of them took huge tumbles for good reasons. That's not always the case for small caps, though.

A quick example
Take the recent case of restaurant company Buffalo Wild Wings. In October 2008, it reported quarterly earnings that were disappointing. But given the state of the economy in general and the restaurant sector specifically, the results were downright robust: positive earnings-per-share growth and impressive same-store sales growth (6.8% at company-owned stores).

In response, shares were sliced in half in the month following the earnings release ... only to gain it all back and then some after the company beat analyst expectations in the subsequent quarter. Over the past year, it's been the same company with the same long-term prospects. There have been no huge company-related events, and its price is sitting around the pre-swoon highs.

But somewhere in the middle, the market threw a half-off sale for investors patient enough to wait for a discounted entry point. Since they took advantage of volatility, those investors need only a five-bagger (or less) from here to reach the vaunted 10-bagger status.

The 10-bagger club
In 2020, when we look back at the decade's list of 10-baggers, the list will be dominated by stocks that can be described as:

  • Small
  • Volatile

The list of investors who profit from these 10-baggers will be dominated by people who can be described as:

  • Patient
  • Risk-tolerant

If you have these two qualities, I invite you to join our analysts at the Motley Fool Hidden Gems newsletter. They are putting the Fool's money where its mouth is by building a real-money portfolio of small-cap stocks. You can see all the companies they're investing in with a free 30-day trial. If you're not impressed, there's no obligation to subscribe.

Already a member of Hidden Gems? Log in here.

This article was originally published May 15, 2009. It has been updated.

Anand Chokkavelu does not own shares in the companies mentioned in this article. Buffalo Wild Wings is a Motley Fool Hidden Gems recommendation. Google and Hansen Natural are Rule Breakers selections. Amazon.com is a Stock Advisor recommendation. The Fool owns shares of Buffalo Wild Wings and has a disclosure policy.