One person controls more than $70 billion in Bitcoin (CRYPTO:BTC). A single country holds more than $22 billion worth of Bitcoin. From anonymous wallets to public companies and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) devoted to the cryptocurrency, Bitcoin’s ownership is concentrated and revealing. This data snapshot breaks down who holds the most Bitcoin by individual, country, company, fund, and wallet.
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Individual Bitcoin holders
Which people hold the most Bitcoin?
Satoshi Nakamoto, the pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin, is the largest known holder of the cryptocurrency with an estimated 1.1 million coins valued at more than $120 billion.
The second-largest individual holders of Bitcoin are Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss, who hold around 70,000 Bitcoin. Early investors in crypto, the Winklevoss twins are co-founders of the Gemini crypto exchange.
Tim Draper, a venture capitalist, acquired his nearly 30,000 Bitcoin through an auction of the now-defunct Silkroad’s assets after they were seized by U.S. law enforcement in 2014.
Michael Saylor, the co-founder of Strategy (NASDAQ:MSTR), formerly known as MicroStrategy – which is by itself one of the largest holders of BTC – personally owns more than 17,000 Bitcoin.
| Rank | Investor | Bitcoin Held |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Satoshi Nakamoto | ~1.1 million |
| 2 | Winklevoss twins | ~70,000 |
| 3 | Tim Draper | ~29,656 |
| 4 | Michael Saylor | ~17,732 |
Countries' Bitcoin holdings
Which countries hold the most Bitcoin?
Countries have added Bitcoin to their treasuries alongside gold. The United States owns 207,189 Bitcoin, making it the largest owner among countries.
China holds 194,000 Bitcoin despite a ban on crypto ownership and trading there. Beijing seized that Bitcoin when it took down the PlusToken Ponzi scheme in 2019. There is speculation as to whether China maintained control over the Bitcoin or sold it. The country bans trading and ownership of cryptocurrency.
Smaller countries like Bhutan and El Salvador hold an outsized volume of Bitcoin relative to their size and GDP.
| Country | # of BTC | Value as of July 2, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| USA | 207,189 | $22,654,567,376 |
| China | 194,000 | $21,212,448,880 |
| U.K. | 61,000 | $6,669,893,720 |
| Ukraine | 46,351 | $5,068,135,144 |
| Bhutan | 13,029 | $1,424,623,693 |
| El Salvador | 6,089 | $665,786,604 |
| Finland | 1,981 | $216,607,532 |
| Georgia | 66 | $7,216,606 |
Public companies' Bitcoin holdings
Which public companies hold the most Bitcoin?
MicroStrategy is among the largest Bitcoin owners overall, with 597,325 BTC as of July 2025. The company, in part founded by Bitcoin-enthusiast Michael Saylor, has been accumulating BTC since 2020.
MicroStrategy isn’t the only company that has augmented its balance sheet with Bitcoin – Metaplanet (OTC:MTPL.F), a Japanese hotel management company, and Tesla (NASDAQ:TSLA) have accumulated significant BTC holdings.
Bitcoin mining companies like Riot Platforms (NASDAQ:RIOT) and Marathon Digital Holdings (NASDAQ:MARA) are, naturally, among the largest corporate owners of BTC. Twenty One Capital, the third-largest publicly traded company in terms of BTC ownership, listed via a SPAC in 2025 and operates as a Bitcoin-first corporate treasury.
| Entity | # of BTC | Value as of July 2, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| MicroStrategy | 597,325 | $65,280,795,075 |
| Marathon Digital Holdings | 49,179 | $5,374,702,584 |
| Twenty One Capital | 37,230 | $4,068,780,674 |
| Riot Platforms | 19,225 | $2,101,072,758 |
| Metaplanet | 13,350 | $1,459,002,409 |
| Galaxy Digital Holdings (NASDAQ:GLXY) | 12,830 | $1,402,172,353 |
| CleanSpark (NASDAQ:CLSK) | 12,502 | $1,366,325,702 |
| Bitcoin Group SE Bitcoin Holdings (ETR:ADE) | 12,387 | $1,353,757,516 |
| Tesla | 11,509 | $1,257,802,152 |
| Hut 8 (NASDAQ:HUT) | 10,264 | $1,121,737,882 |
ETFs' Bitcoin holdings
Which ETFs hold the most Bitcoin?
Bitcoin ETFs were approved by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 2024, offering investors a way to get exposure to Bitcoin through traditional brokerages instead of having to navigate a crypto trading exchange and crypto wallet. Since then, these funds have become among the largest holders of BTC, and many of them are among the best Bitcoin ETFs to invest in.
BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (NASDAQ:IBIT) holds nearly 700,000 Bitcoin worth some $76 billion as of July 2, 2025, making it the largest Bitcoin holder in the world outside of Satoshi Nakamoto, depending on how the Bitcoin founder’s holdings are estimated.
Fidelity is another traditional financial player that has embraced Bitcoin – it holds 199,670 Bitcoin as of the beginning of July 2025 in the Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Fund (CBOE:FBTC).
Newer entrants including Grayscale and a collaboration between Cathie Wood’s ARK Invest and 21Shares round out the top five ETFs measured by Bitcoin ownership.
| Entity | # of BTC | Value as of July 2, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| iShares Bitcoin Trust | 696,875 | $76,198,035,822 |
| Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Fund | 199,670 | $21,832,388,165 |
| Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (NYSEMKT:GBTC) | 185,091 | $20,238,327,303 |
| ARK 21Shares Bitcoin ETF (CBOE:ARKB) | 46,467 | $5,080,807,942 |
| Grayscale Bitcoin Mini Trust (NYSEMKT:BTC) | 44,025 | $4,813,826,311 |
Wallets' Bitcoin holdings
Which wallets hold the most Bitcoin?
Bitcoin wallets are digital addresses that store cryptocurrency. Their owners’ identities aren’t publicly linked to them, but their transactions are recorded on the blockchain, making wallet activity traceable even if the holders remain anonymous.
The single largest Bitcoin wallet holds 248,598 BTC, worth more than $27 billion as of the beginning of July 2025. Even the tenth-largest wallet holds more than $7.4 billion in Bitcoin.
| Rank | Wallet Address | Number of BTC as of July 2, 2025 | Value as of July 2, 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 34xp4vRoCGJym3xR7yCVPFHoCNxv4Twseo | 248,598 | $27,151,131,826 |
| 2 | bc1ql49ydapnjafl5t2cp9zqpjwe6pdgmxy98859v2 | 140,575 | $15,353,189,491 |
| 3 | bc1qgdjqv0av3q56jvd82tkdjpy7gdp9ut8tlqmgrpmv24sq90ecnvqqjwvw97 | 130,010 | $14,199,337,353 |
| 4 | 3M219KR5vEneNb47ewrPfWyb5jQ2DjxRP6 | 115,032 | $12,563,444,891 |
| 5 | bc1qazcm763858nkj2dj986etajv6wquslv8uxwczt | 94,643 | $10,336,696,866 |
| 6 | 1FeexV6bAHb8ybZjqQMjJrcCrHGW9sb6uF | 79,957 | $8,732,709,292 |
| 7 | bc1qjasf9z3h7w3jspkhtgatgpyvvzgpa2wwd2lr0eh5tx44reyn2k7sfc27a4 | 78,647 | $8,589,559,519 |
| 8 | bc1q8yj0herd4r4yxszw3nkfvt53433thk0f5qst4g | 78,317 | $8,553,567,695 |
| 9 | bc1qa5wkgaew2dkv56kfvj49j0av5nml45x9ek9hz6 | 69,370 | $7,576,417,300 |
| 10 | 3LYJfcfHPXYJreMsASk2jkn69LWEYKzexbwallet: | 68,200 | $7,448,614,061 |
Bitcoin distribution
How is Bitcoin distributed among wallets?
Bitcoin holdings among individual wallets are extremely concentrated:
- 0.03% of all Bitcoin addresses hold more than 100 BTC, but those wallets control more than 60% of all Bitcoin in circulation.
- The four largest wallets alone hold BTC worth more than $69 billion as of July 2, 2025.
- More than half of all wallets contain less than 0.001 Bitcoin, suggesting a massive disparity in ownership.
The table below shows how Bitcoin is distributed across wallet sizes. Most hold tiny fractions of Bitcoin; just a few control most of the supply.
| Wallet BTC Balance Range | # of Addresses | % of All Addresses | BTC Held | % of all BTC | USD Value as of July 2, 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0-0.00001 | 6,661,129 | 12.06% (100%) | 38.74 BTC | 0% | $4,231,019 |
| 0.00001-0.0001 | 11,564,188 | 20.94% (87.94%) | 487.17 BTC | 0% | $53,207,565 |
| 0.0001-0.001 | 13,223,427 | 23.94% (67.01%) | 4,963 BTC | 0.02% | $541,990,920 |
| 0.001-0.01 | 11,434,173 | 20.7% (43.07%) | 42,161 BTC | 0.21% | $4,604,716,596 |
| 0.01-0.1 | 7,897,183 | 14.3% (22.37%) | 267,508 BTC | 1.35% | $29,216,526,291 |
| 0.1-1 | 3,472,695 | 6.29% (8.07%) | 1,070,557 BTC | 5.38% | $116,923,290,995 |
| 1-10 | 833,391 | 1.51% (1.78%) | 2,066,044 BTC | 10.39% | $225,647,506,487 |
| 10-100 | 133,589 | 0.24% (0.28%) | 4,319,229 BTC | 21.72% | $471,734,124,406 |
| 100-1,000 | 16,469 | 0.03% (0.03%) | 4,787,742 BTC | 24.08% | $522,903,804,491 |
| 1,000-10,000 | 2,001 | 0% (0%) | 4,451,294 BTC | 22.39% | $486,157,893,342 |
| 10,000-100,000 | 90 | 0% (0%) | 2,239,645 BTC | 11.26% | $244,607,761,075 |
| 100,000-1,000,000 | 4 | 0% (0%) | 634,214 BTC | 3.19% | $69,267,103,561 |
Conclusion
Conclusion
Bitcoin ownership is highly concentrated. A handful of wallets and institutions control massive portions of the total supply, which raises questions about how decentralized the flagship cryptocurrency really is.
Corporations like MicroStrategy, governments like the United States and China, investment firms like BlackRock (NYSE:BLK), superrich individuals like the Winklevoss twins, and anonymous wallets own outsized shares of Bitcoin.
That doesn’t mean individual investors can’t get in on the action, but understanding the major players in the market is step one.
Sources
- Bitbo (2025). “Bitcoin Holdings of Countries & Governments.”
- Bitbo (2025). “BitcoinTreasuries.”
- Bitbo (2025). “US Bitcoin ETF Tracker & AUM.”
- BitInfo Charts (2025). “Bitcoin Rich List.”
