Maxing out your 401(k) has never been an easy feat, but it's about to get more challenging in 2026 with contribution limits set to take a sizable leap on Jan. 1. Still, if you want to retire early or make up for past years when you weren't able to save as much as you wanted to, maxing out your 401(k) could be a worthy goal.

You'll need more than money to pull it off, though. You also need a plan that considers your annual income and payment schedule. Here's how to make one.

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Know your contribution limit

The IRS imposes limits on how much you can contribute to a 401(k) each year, and this varies based on your age. In 2026, adults under 50 can save up to $24,500. Those aged 50 to 59 and 64 or older can save up to $32,500, and those who will be aged 60 to 63 by the end of 2026 can save up to $35,750.

These are the limits that apply to most people. However, some highly compensated employees (HCEs) may have lower contribution limits. Check with your HR department if you're unsure about the contribution limit for your 401(k) in 2026.

Figure out how much you must defer per pay period

Unlike IRAs, 401(k)s don't allow one-time contributions. You can only make paycheck deferrals. The amount you must save to max out your 401(k) depends not only on your contribution limit but also on how frequently you receive paychecks. The following table breaks down the most common types of payment schedules and the amount you'd need to defer to reach each of the three limits listed above.

Calculations by author. All values rounded to the nearest dollar.

It's important not to get bi-weekly and semi-monthly payments confused as this could throw off your plans. Bi-weekly payments go out every other week. That can sometimes result in three payments in a given month. Semi-monthly payments always go out twice per month. Check with your employer if you're unsure which payment schedule it uses.

Come up with a plan

Now that you know how much you need to save, the next step is to create a plan that will enable you to save that amount. That's the big challenge for most people. You may need to revise your budget to free up some extra cash or consider working overtime to bring in more money. Even then, it might not be feasible for you to max out your 401(k) in 2026.

That's OK. You can still retire comfortably even if you never max out your 401(k). Focus on saving as much as you're able to, and claim your 401(k) match whenever possible if your employer offers one. If you get a raise, you can increase your 401(k) contributions then.

Be careful not to put funds you might need in the near future into retirement savings if you're under 59 1/2. Once the money is in your 401(k), you typically face a 10% early withdrawal penalty for taking money out under this age without a qualifying reason.

Focus instead on an amount that's sustainable for you and do your best to make some sort of contribution every pay period if you can. You can reevaluate your savings plan after a month or two to see if it's working for you. Then, decide if you want to adjust your deferral rate up or down.