Debt ratio. Determining how much debt a company uses to generate assets can help you determine if it's over-leveraged compared to its peers. A ratio of 1.0 or higher means the company has more debt than assets.
Debt ratio = Total debt/total assets
Debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio. Looking at the debt-to-equity ratio is another way to see how debt is being used. A D/E ratio of 1.0 or greater means the company has more debt than equity, which is not great when you consider how it's planning to repay that debt.
D/E ratio = Total debt/total equity
Equity multiplier. Although not directly considering debt, the equity multiplier considers how assets have been financed. A high multiplier means a lot of assets are likely to be leveraged; a low one means that most assets were paid for with equity.
Equity multiplier = Total assets/total equity
Degree of financial leverage. The degree of financial leverage during a set period helps investors understand the delicacy of a company's earnings per share (EPS). A higher ratio means more leverage and much more volatile earnings to go with it.
Degree of financial leverage = percent change in EPS/percent change in earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)