How a 401(k) match works
Employees usually contribute a percentage of their salaries to their 401(k)s, and most employers who offer matching also contribute a percentage of employees' income. Some companies offer dollar-for-dollar matches, whereby the employer contributes $1 for every $1 the employee contributes to their 401(k), but more common are partial matching percentages. This means the company matches a portion of what the employee contributes, such as $0.50 for every $1 the employee puts into their 401(k).
Regardless of the matching structure, your employer will likely cap your match at a certain percentage of your income. For example, your employer may pay $0.50 for every $1 you contribute up to 6% of your salary. So if you make $50,000 per year, 6% of your salary is $3,000. If you contribute that much to your 401(k), your employer contributes half the amount -- $1,500 of free money -- as a match. If the company offered a dollar-for-dollar match instead of a partial match, it would give you $3,000 for the year. You're free to contribute more than $3,000 if you want to, but you won't get any additional match from your company.