Growth stocks are often contrasted with value stocks, which usually pay dividends and exhibit slow and steady growth over time.
Characteristics of growth stocks
Growth stocks can be big or small companies. They can operate in any industry, although many are involved in some form of technology. The characteristics these stocks share are more nuanced than size, age, or market segment. They include competitive advantages, an innovation focus, experienced leaders, and a large addressable market.
Competitive advantage
Growth companies can move quickly and efficiently to outperform the competition. Often, that means they're benefitting from one or more advantages they hold over their peers. Those advantages can involve intellectual property, size and scale, or loyal customers.
Note that customer loyalty can arise in different ways. It can come from an attachment to the brand, from costs associated with switching to a competing product, or from what's called the network effect.
The network effect is the increase in the value of a product or service that happens as more people use it. This is easiest to understand in reference to social media platforms, which become more interesting as users invite their friends and add content.