However, other stakeholders benefit when the drug goes over a patent cliff. Among those are generic drugmakers like Teva Pharmaceuticals (TEVA -0.37%), which are now able to sell the drug at a lower price than it had been when it was exclusive and branded.
Sales of the drug sometimes fall once the drug goes generic because the company that invented it tends to stop promoting it. According to one estimate, a brand-name drug will lose half of its sales within two years of the patent expiration.
However, higher-profile drugs are likely to represent a windfall for generic drugmakers, especially if they were expensive as branded medicines.
Additionally, consumers clearly benefit from drugs going off-patent since they can get the drugs they need at a lower price. According to one report from the National Bureau of Economic Research, prices for physician-administered drugs fell 38% to 48% and 25% for oral drugs. Meanwhile, total revenue actually increased 57% for physician-administered drugs and 46% for oral drugs, showing that sales of the drugs increased substantially due to the lower price in that study.