Investing in Cancer Stocks

Despite significant progress, cancer continues to be the second-leading cause of death in the U.S. More than 2 million new cases of cancer are likely to be diagnosed in the U.S. this year. More than 618,000 deaths are expected from cancer in 2025.

There's also a huge financial cost that's growing rapidly. In 2020, treating cancer in the U.S. cost roughly $200 billion. By 2030, the total is projected to increase to more than $245 billion.

But with every problem comes an opportunity -- in this case, a massive opportunity to put your dollars to work to help the large and small companies that are developing new ways of diagnosing and treating cancer. Here's what you need to know about some of the leading cancer-focused healthcare stocks that investors should consider.

Guardant Health (GH +6.36%) stands out as a pioneer in liquid biopsy, a blood test that detects tiny amounts of DNA that have broken away from tumor cells. 

The company first achieved success with its Guardant360 product, a liquid biopsy used to help determine the appropriate therapy for cancer patients. The Guardant360 CDx product is the first liquid biopsy approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for all advanced solid tumors. It's also used as a companion diagnostic to identify patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who could potentially benefit from treatment with AstraZeneca's (AZN -0.83%) Tagrisso, Johnson & Johnson's (JNJ -1.39%) Rybrevant, or Amgen's (AMGN -0.71%) Lumakras.

Guardant Health also offers a tissue biopsy product, Guardant360 TissueNext, designed to be ordered with the Guardant360 CDx test. Its Guardant360 Response test helps doctors determine if a cancer therapy is working with patients. In addition, Guardant Health markets Guardant Reveal, the first blood-only test that can detect residual and recurrent cancer in less than two weeks without requiring a tissue biopsy.

The company's total addressable market in cancer treatment selection and recurrence monitoring is about $30 billion per year. However, Guardant Health has a much larger market opportunity of $50 billion annually in the U.S. alone for early-stage cancer detection.

Guardant Health won U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for its Shield blood test for screening colorectal cancer in July 2024. The company hopes to expand Shield to include lung cancer as the next step in its goal to have a multicancer early-stage test.

Pfizer (PFE +0.04%) currently markets four blockbuster oncology therapies -- breast cancer drug Ibrance, prostate cancer drug Xtandi, bladder cancer drug Padcev, and blood cancer drug Adcetris. The company also has eight other cancer drugs that generate annual sales of at least $100 million. 

Cancer is also a top focus for Pfizer's pipeline. The drugmaker has more than 50 oncology programs in clinical testing. While several of these programs are targeting additional indications for drugs that have already been approved, Pfizer also has promising new candidates, including experimental breast cancer drug atirmociclib.

The pharma giant has also used its large cash stockpile for key acquisitions that bolster its oncology prospects. For example, Pfizer acquired Trillium Therapeutics in 2021 to obtain its blood cancer programs and acquired Seagen, a leader in developing antibody-drug conjugates targeting cancer, in 2023.

Pfizer's success doesn't hinge entirely on its oncology products and pipeline, though. For example, the company is a leader in the migraine therapy market, with Nurtec ODT delivering strong sales growth.

Unlike Pfizer, Summit Therapeutics doesn't have any approved products on the market. As a clinical-stage biotech company, Summit could be riskier than more established drugmakers.

However, Summit claims one of the most promising candidates in development -- ivonescimab. In May 2024, ivonescimab achieved better progression-free survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer than Merck's Keytruda in a late-stage study conducted in China. Keytruda was the world's highest-grossing drug in 2024, with sales of almost $29.5 billion.

In October 2024, Summit completed enrollment in a global phase 3 clinical study evaluating ivonescimab as a second-line treatment for NSCLC. The company is also conducting late-stage studies of the drug as a monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for NSCLC.

There's no guarantee that ivonescimab will be successful in late-stage studies and win regulatory approvals. If the drug can achieve its potential, though, Summit Therapeutics could be a much bigger company a few years from now.

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