A transportation company's operating ratio -- its operating costs as a percentage of revenue -- is also important. Operating costs differ from fixed costs because they vary in direct proportion to the quantity of goods or services sold.
Most transportation companies use a lot of energy, so their financial performance is directly linked to the price of crude oil. Whether the company needs jet fuel for planes, diesel fuel for trucks and trains, or a combination of electricity and natural gas to operate industrial equipment, the best transportation companies prioritize maximizing their fuel efficiency.
Indebtedness
With high fixed costs, transportation companies need a lot of money to buy or create the needed equipment. Many choose to finance capital expenditures using long-term debt, but the best transportation companies are careful to keep their debt at manageable levels.
Competitive strength
You can evaluate a company both on a stand-alone basis and in comparison to its competitors. Competition in the transportation sector can be fierce, with many companies fighting to serve the same customers. Using the U.S. airline industry as an example, carriers such as United Airlines (UAL +0.69%), Southwest Airlines (LUV +0.70%), Delta Air Lines (DAL +0.46%), and JetBlue (JBLU +1.70%) are all competing to take you where you want to go.